考研考博-英语-山东电子职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东电子职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Manynewspaperscommentedonthegovernment’s（）measurestobringdownthepriceofwheat,rice,sugar,andotheressentialcommodities.

问题1选项

A.feeble

B.limp

C.fragile

D.disabled

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项feeble“无效的；微弱的；虚弱的”；B选项limp“（性格）软弱的；柔软的，无生气的”；C选项fragile“脆的；易碎的”；D选项disabled“残废的，有缺陷的”。句意：对于政府压低小麦、大米、糖和其他必需品价格的无效措施，很多报纸进行了评论。结合此处语境，可知A选项正确。

2.单选题

Humanrelationshavecommandedpeople’sattentionfromearlytimes.Thewaysofpeoplehavebeenrecordedininnumerablemyths,folktales,novels,plays,andpopularorphilosophicalessays.Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences.“Intuitive”knowledgemayberemarkablypenetratingandcansignificantlyhelpusunderstandhumanbehavior,whereasinthephysicalsciencessuchcommonsenseknowledgeisrelativelyprimitive.Ifweerasedallknowledgeofscientificphysicsfromourmodemword,notonlywouldwenothavecarsandtelevisionset,wemightevenfindthattheordinarypersonwasunabletocopewiththefundamentalmechanicalproblemsofpulleysandlevers.Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill“know”howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill“know”whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe“whys"ofmuchoftheself'sbehaviorandfeelings.Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived,enablesonetointeractwithothersinmoreorlessadaptiveways.Kohler,inreferringtothelackofgreatdiscoveriesinpsychologyascomparedwithphysics,accountsforthisbysayingthat“peoplewereacquaintedwithpracticallyallterritoriesofmentallifealongtimebeforethefoundingofscientificpsychology”.

Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop.Differentexplanationsofthisparadoxhavebeensuggested.Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves;butwemightaskwhypeoplehavealwayslovedtoreadpessimistic,debunkingwritings,fromEcclesiastestoFreud.Ithasalsobeenproposedthatjustbecauseweknowsomuchaboutpeopleintuitively,therehasbeenlessincentiveforstudyingthemscientifically;whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?Inanycase,thefieldofhumanrelations,withitsvastliterary,documentationbutmeagerscientifictreatment,isingreatcontrasttothefieldofphysicinwhichtherearerelativelyfewnonscientificbooks.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ithasbeensuggestedthatthescienceofhumanrelationswasslowtodevelopbecause（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingclaimssupportstheauthor’sstatementthat“Psychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences，’？

3.Accordingtothepassage,anunderstandingoftheselfcanbe

（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthatattemptstotreathumanrelationsscientificallyhavethusfarbeenrelatively

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorassumesthatcommonsenseknowledgeofhumanrelationsis（

）.

问题1选项

A.intuitiveknowledgeofhumanrelationsisderivedfromphilosophy

B.earlyscientistsweremoreinterestedinthephysicalworld

C.scientificstudiesofhumanrelationsappeartoinvestigatetheobvious.

D.thescientificmethodisdifficulttoapplytothestudyofhumanrelations

问题2选项

A.Thefullmeaningofahumanrelationshipmaynotbeobvious.

B.Commonsenseunderstandingofhumanrelationscanbeincisive.

C.Intuitiveknowledgeinthephysicalsciencesinrelativelyadvanced.

D.Subjectivebiasisdifficulttocontrolinpsychologicalresearch.

问题3选项

A.highlybiasedduetounconsciousfactors

B.improvedbyspecializedtraining

C.profoundevenwhenvaguelyconceived

D.irrelevantforunderstandinghumanrelations

问题4选项

A.unilluminating

B.paradoxical

C.pessimistic

D.encouraging

问题5选项

A.equallywelldevelopedamongalladultswithinagivensociety

B.biasedinsofarasitisbasedonmythsandfolktales

C.typicallyunrelatedonanindividual’sinteractionswithotherpeople

D.usuallysufficientlyaccuratetofacilitateinteractionswithothers

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。最后一段指出:Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop(矛盾的是，人类拥有如此本能来经营人际关系，而有关人际关系处理的技巧却在最后才得到发展)。接着后面指出:whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?(人们为何要为一个明白的事实去系统进行观测，再建立起一套理论呢？)。故选C。

2.细节事实题。第一段开头主要介绍了心理学能在众科学中占有独特位罝的原因:Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences(虽然人际关系的全部意义并非一目了然，但是要是能一眼瞥去就能明白那些复杂感情和动作的意思，自然妙不可言。这也是心理学能在众科学中占有独特位置的原因)。因此B正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词understandingoftheself定位至第一段:Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunfonnulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived...(换句话说，人们对于自身和他人其实有一个很深刻和全面的了解，即使只是在模糊的意识层面……)。因此选C“虽然只是在模糊的意识层面，但是是深刻的”。

4.判断推理题。最后一段:whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?(人们为何要为一个明白的事实去系统进行观测，再建立起一套理论呢？),因此推断A项“无启发性的”正确。

5.判断推理题。第一段指出:Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore(反过来讲，假设我们将全部的心理学科学知识移除我们的世界，可能人际关系上的问题依然能够很顺利地得到解决)。因此可知,人们对于人际关系的常识最够可以解决人际交往中的问题,故选D。

3.单选题

Hermanisveryadroitathandlingpeople.Heisa(an)（

）manwhoisabletoexpresshisthoughtsanddesiresveryprecisely.

问题1选项

A.dedicate

B.articulate

C.exasperate

D.formulate

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项dedicate“致力，献身”；B选项articulate“善于表达的；口才好的”；C选项exasperate“激怒，恶化”；D选项formulate“规划，制定”。A、C、D都为动词，不可填入空格部分。根据后面关键词“expresshisthoughtsanddesiresveryprecisely准确地表达自己的思想和愿望”，可知空格部分形容词的意思应该是“善表达的”，句意为：赫尔曼很善于与人打交道。他是个能言善辩的人，能把自己的想法准确表达出来。故正确答案选B。

4.填空题

MuchofwhatisbestinRoots—thestoryofhisfamilytracesbackoversevengenerations—waswritten

outofthisman’sownsufferingsanddespair.Heisclosetotearsashetellsthestory.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Btracesback改为tracedback

【解析】【考查点】非谓语动词。

【解题思路】根据waswritten，可知动作已完成，trace是非谓语动词，用过去分词traced表示动作已发生。

【句意】《根》讲述了他的家族七代人的故事，其中最精彩的部分是他用自己的痛苦和绝望写成的。当他讲述这个故事时，几乎要流泪了。

5.单选题

Eachofthemhadadifferent（）ofwhatactuallyhappened,butherswasfarmorebelievable.

问题1选项

A.message

B.theory

C.version

D.comment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项message“消息”；B选项theory“理论，原理”；C选项version“版本，说法”；D选项comment“评论，意见”。句意：每个人对实际发生的事情都有不同的说法，但她的说法更可信。选项C符合语境。

6.单选题

Sincemarketreformswereinstitutedinthelate1970s,Chinahasbeenamongthemostrapidlygrowingeconomiesintheworld,regularly（）10percentGDPgrowthannually.

问题1选项

A.exceeded

B.exceeding

C.hasexceeded

D.havingexceeded

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语。句意：自上世纪70年代末实行市场改革以来，中国一直是世界上增长最快的经济体之一，每年的GDP增长率经常超过10%。句中已有谓语动词hasbeen，所以填空处应填入非谓语，由此可首先排除C选项和D选项；其次，这里应使用现在分词形式表示超过的状态，而且超过是主动语态，所以选项B正确。

7.单选题

Thewomenmeettwiceamonthto（）theirideastogetherandsetbusinessgoalsforeachother.

问题1选项

A.enquire

B.indulge

C.tease

D.pool

【答案】D

【解析】enquire询问,调查；indulge满足,纵容；tease取笑,戏弄；pool联营,合伙经营。句意：这些女性每月会面两次,把她们的想法汇集在一起,为彼此设定商业目标。选项D符合语境。

8.单选题

Igotupsolatethismorning1hadtocookupsomeexcuseaboutmycarbreakingdown.

问题1选项

A.initiate

B.challenge

C.invent

D.appreciate

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.initiate开始；发起B.challenge挑战

C.invent发明；编造D.appreciate欣赏；赏识

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词someexcuse（一些借口）可知，cookup表示“编造”的意思，C项词义与之相近，故该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合划线单词词义。

【句意】我今天早上起得这么晚，我不得不编造一些借口，说我的车坏了。

9.单选题

Manymoreeighteenth-centurynovelswerewrittenbywomenthanbymen,butthisdominancehas,untilveryrecently,beenregardedmerelyas（）fact,abitofarcaneknowledgenotedonlybybibliographers.

问题1选项

A.acontroversial

B.astatistical

C.anexplicit

D.anunimpeachable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项controversial“有争议的；有争论的”；B选项statistical“统计的；统计学的”；C选项explicit“明确的；清楚的；直率的；详述的”；D选项unimpeachable“无可指责的；无可怀疑的；无懈可击的；无过失的，无罪的”。句意：18世纪的小说中，女性的作品要比男性的多得多，但直到最近，这种主导地位一直被认为只是一个统计事实，一种只有文献学家才注意到的晦涩知识。因此B选项正确。

10.单选题

1.（

）

Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresourcesitowns,anddoessobadly.Often,however,governmentsactinanevenmoreharmfulway.Theyactuallysubsidizetheexploitationandconsumptionofnaturalresources.Awholerangeofpolicies,fromfarmpricesupporttoprotectionforcoal-mining,doenvironmentaldamageand(often)makenoeconomicsense.Scrappingthemoffersatwo-foldbonus:acleanerenvironmentandamoreefficienteconomy.Growthandenvironmentalismcanactuallygohandinhand,ifpoliticianshavethecouragetocontrolthevestedinterestthatsubsidiescreate.

2.（

）

Noactivityaffectsmoreoftheearth’ssurfacethanfarming.Itshapesathirdoftheplanet’slandarea,notcountingAntarctica,andtheproportionisrising.Worldfoodoutputperheadhasrisenby4percentbetweenthe1970sand1980smainlyasaresultofincreasesinyieldsfromlandalreadyincultivation,butalsobecausemorelandhasbeenbroughtundertheplough.Higheryieldshavebeenachievedbyincreasedirrigation,bettercropbreeding,andadoublingintheuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizersinthe1970sand1980s.

3.（

）

Alltheseactivitiesmayhavedamagingenvironmentimpacts.Forexample,landclearingforagricultureisthelargestsinglecauseofdeforestation;chemicalfertilizersandpesticidesmaycontaminatewatersupplies;moreintensivefarmingandtheabandonmentoffallowperiodstendtoexacerbatesoilerosion;andthespreadofmonocultureanduseofhigh-yieldingvarietiesofcropshavebeenaccompaniedbythedisappearanceofoldvarietiesoffoodplantswhichmighthaveprovidedsomeinsuranceagainstpestsofdiseasesinfuture.Soilerosionthreatenstheproductivityoflandinbothrichandpoorcountries.TheUnitedState,wherethemostcarefulmeasurementshavebeendone,discoveredin1982thataboutone-fifthofitsfarmlandwaslosingtopsoilataratelikelytodiminishthesoil’sproductivity.Thecountrysubsequentlyembarkeduponaprogramtoconvert11percentofitscroppedlandtomeadoworforest.TopsoilinIndiaandChinaisvanishingmuchfasterthanAmerica.

4.（

）

Governmentpolicieshavefrequentlycompoundedtheenvironmentaldamagethatfarmingcancause.Intherichcountries,subsidiesforgrowingcropsandpricesupportsforfarmoutputdriveupthepriceofland.Theannualvalueofthesesubsidiesisimmense;about$250billion,ormorethanallWorldBanklendinginthe1980s.Toincreasetheoutputofcropsperacre,afarmer’seasiestoptionistousemoreofthemostreadilyavailableinputs:fertilizersandpesticides.FertilizerusedoubledinDenmarkintheperiod1960-1985andincreasedinTheNetherlandsby150percent.Thequantityofpesticidesappliedhasrisentoo:by69percentin1975-1984inDenmark,forexample,withariseof115percentinthefrequencyofapplicationinthethreeyearsfrom1981.

Inthelate1980sandearly1990ssomeeffortsweremadetoreducefarmsubsidies.ThemostdramaticexamplewasthatofNewZealand,whichscrappedmostfarmsupportin1984.Astudyoftheenvironmentaleffects,conductedin1993,foundthattheendoffertilizersubsidieshadbeenfollowedbyafallinfertilizeruse(afallcompoundedbythedeclineinworldcommodityprices,whichcutfarmincomes).Theremovalofsubsidiesalsostoppedland-cleaningandover-stocking,whichinthepasthadbeentheprincipalcausesoferosion.Farmsbegantodiversify.Theonekindofsubsidywhoseremovalappearedtohavebeenbadfortheenvironmentwassubsidytomanagesoilerosion.

Inlessenlightenedcountries,andintheEuropeanUnion,thetrendhasbeentoreduceratherthaneliminatesubsidies,andtointroducenewpaymentstoencouragefarmerstotreattheirlandinenvironmentallyfriendlierways,ortoleaveitfallow.Itmaysoundstrangebutsuchpaymentsneedtobehigherthantheexistingincentivesforfarmerstogrowfoodcrops.Farmers,however,dislikebeingpaidtodonothing.Inseveralcountries,theyhavebecomeinterestedinthepossibilityofusingfuelproducedfromcropresidueseitherasareplacementforpetrol(asethanol)orasfuelforpowerstations(asbiomass).Suchfuelsproducefarlesscarbondioxidethancoaloroil,andabsorbcarbondioxideastheygrow.Theyarethereforelesslikelytocontributetothegreenhouseeffect.Buttheyarerarelycompetitivewithfossilfuelsunlesssubsidizedandgrowingthemdoesnolessenvironmentalharmthanothercrops.

5.（

）

Inpoorcountries,governmentsaggravateothersortsofdamage.Subsidiesforpesticidesandartificialfertilizersencouragefarmerstousegreaterquantitiesthanareneededtogetthehighesteconomiccropyield.AstudybytheinternationalRiceResearchinstituteofpesticideusebyfarmersinSouthEastAsiafoundthat,withpest-resistantvarietiesofrice,evenmoderateapplicationsofpesticidefrequentlycostfarmersmorethantheysaved.Suchwasteputsfarmersonachemicaltreadmill:bugsandweedsbecomeresistanttopoisons,sonextyear’spoisonsmustbemorelethal.Onecostistohumanhealth.Everyyearsome10,000peoplediefrompesticidepoisoning,almostalloftheminthedevelopingcountries,andanother400,000becomeseriouslyill.Asforartificialfertilizers,theiruseworld-wideincreasedby40percentperunitoffarmedlandbetweenthemid1970sandlate1980s,mostlyinthedevelopingcountries.Overuseoffertilizersmaycausefarmerstostoprotatingcropsorleavingtheirlandfallow.That,inturn,maymakesoilerosionworse.

6.（

）

AresultoftheUruguayRoundofworldtradenegotiationsislikelytobeareductionof36percentintheaveragelevelsoffarmsubsidiespaidbytherichcountriesin1986-1990.Someoftheworld’sfoodproductionwillmovefromWesternEuropetoregionswheresubsidiesarelowerofnon-existent,suchastheformercommunistcountriesandpartsofthedevelopingworld.Someenvironmentalistsworryaboutthisoutcome.Itwillundoubtedlymeanmorepressuretoconvertnaturalhabitatintofarmland.Butitwillalsohavemanydesirableenvironmenteffects.Theintensityoffarmingintherichworldshoulddecline,andtheuseofchemicalinputswilldiminish.Cropsaremorelikelytobegrownintheenvironmentstowhichtheyarenaturallysuited.Andmoreframersinpoorcountrieswillhavethemoneyandincentivetomanagetheirlandinwaysthataresustainableinthelongrun.Thatisimportant.Tofeedanincreasinglyhungryworld,farmersneedeveryincentivetousetheirsoilandwatereffectivelyandefficiently.

问题1选项

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

问题2选项

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

问题3选项

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

问题4选项

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

问题5选项

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

问题6选项

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

【答案】第1题:E

第2题:G

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:F

第6题:A

【解析】1.根据SectionA第一句，“Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.”，政府在环境管理方面发挥的作用是困难的，但是不可避免的。本句为A段的中心句，可判断出主要提到的内容是政府和环境管理。选项Ⅴ符合题意。

2.根据SectionB第一句，“Noactivityaffectsmoreoftheearth’ssurfacethanfarming.”，农业活动对地球表面的影响最大，可知本段的内容与农业相关。根据下文，“Worldfoodoutputperheadhasrisenby4percentbetween…”，可知对粮食产量进行了讨论。可判断出本段的主要内容为农业和粮食产量。选项Ⅶ符合题意。

3.根据SectionC第一句，“Alltheseactivitiesmayhavedamagingenvironmentimpacts.”，所有的这些农业活动都对环境带来有害影响。此句为段落中心句，可判断出本段内容为现代农业对环境的影响。选项Ⅱ符合题意。

4.根据SectionD第一句，“Governmentpolicieshavefrequentlycompoundedtheenvironmentaldamagethatfarmingcancause.”，政府的政策经常加剧农业可能造成的环境破坏。此句为本段的中心句，可判断出本段的主要内容与政府的政策相关。紧接着下文intherichcountries，主要提到在富裕的国家，政府的政策对环境的影响，与下一段的inpoorcountries形成对应关系。可判断出本段的主题为在富裕国家中，政府政策的影响。选项IV符合题意。

5.根据SectionE第一句，“Inpoorcountries,governmentsaggravateothersortsofdamage.”，可知本段主要提到在贫穷国家，政府的政策带来的影响和伤害。与D段的richcountries构成了对应关系，分别对贫穷国家和富有国家中，政府政策对环境的影响进行了阐述。选项Ⅵ符合题意。

6.根据SectionF第一句，“AresultoftheUruguayRoundofworldtradenegotiationsislikelytobeareductionof36percentintheaveragelevelsoffarmsubsidiespaidbytherichcountriesin1986-1990.”，可指本段主要内容与乌拉圭回合世界贸易谈判相关，下文提到了相关决定给环境带来的影响。可推断出本段的主要内容为新国际贸易协定可能产生的影响。选项I符合题意。

11.单选题

Theirsuccessinincreasingthemarketshareresultedfromtheirbreak-throughin（）oftheproductconfiguration.

问题1选项

A.quality

B.stereotype

C.ads

D.maintenance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项quality“品质、质量”；B选项stereotype“老套、成见”；C选项ads“广告”；D选项maintenance“维持、保养”，句意为：他们之所以能成功地提高市场份额，是因为他们在产品配置的质量上取得了突破。quality“品质、质量”符合题意，因此选A。

12.单选题

Hurricanesarekillerwinds,andtheir（

）powerliesinthephysicaldamagetheycando.

问题1选项

A.cumulative

B.destructive

C.turbulent

D.prevalent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。cumulative意为“累积的”；destructive意为“破坏性的”；turbulent意为“骚乱的，混乱的”；prevalent意为“流行的，盛行的”。

句意：飓风是致命风，它们的破坏性力量在于它们所能造成的身体伤害。

13.单选题

Stanleywas（）bywhatIhadsaidandwhenIrealizedthis,Iapologizedtohimforbeingsotactless.

问题1选项

A.wounded

B.frustrated

C.resented

D.offended

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。Wound“伤害，使受伤”；frustrate“挫败，阻挠”；resent“怨恨，愤恨”；offend“冒犯”。句意：斯坦利对我的话感到了被冒犯，当我意识到这一点，我为我的不得体向他道歉。

14.单选题

Butthereisofcultureanotherview,inwhichnotsolelythescientificpassion,thesheerdesiretoseethingsastheyare,naturalandproperinanintelligentbeing,appearsasthegroundofit.Thereisaviewinwhichalltheloveofourneighbor,theimpulsestowardsaction,help,andbeneficence,thedesireforremovinghumanerror,clearinghumanconfusion,anddiminishinghumanmisery,thenobleaspirationtoleavetheworldbetterandhappierthanwefoundit—motiveseminentlysuchasarecalledsocial—comeinaspartofthegroundsofculture,andthemainandpreeminentpart.Cultureisthenproperlydescribednotashavingitsoriginincuriosity,butashavingitsoriginintheloveofperfection;itisastudyofperfection.（1）_______________________________.

Religionsays:TheKingdomofGodiswithinyou;（2）______________________.Itplacesitintheever-increasingefficacyandinthegeneralharmoniousexpansionofthosegiftsofthoughtandfeeling,whichmakethepeculiardignity,wealth,andhappinessofhumannature.AsIhavesaidonaformeroccasion:“Itisinmakingendlessadditionstoitself,intheendlessexpansionofitspowers,inendlessgrowthinwisdomandbeauty,thatthespiritofthehumanracefindsitsideal.Toreachthisideal,cultureisanindispensableaid,andthatisthetruevalueofculture.”Notahavingandarestingbutagrowingandabecoming,isthecharacterofperfectionascultureconceivesit;andhere,too,itcoincideswithreligion…

Ifculture,then,isastudyofperfection,andofharmoniousperfection,generalperfection,andperfectionwhichconsistsinbecomingsomethingratherthaninhavingsomething,inaninwardconditionofthemindandspirit,notinanoutwardsetofcircumstances,itisclearthatculture…hasaveryimportantfunctiontofulfillformankind.Andthisfunctionisparticularlyimportantinourmodernworld,ofwhichthewholecivilizationis,toamuchgreaterdegreethanthecivilizationofGreeceandRome,mechanicalandexternal,andtendsconstantlytobecomemoreso.（3）_______________________________.

Thepursuitofperfection,then,isthepursuitofsweetnessandlight.Culturehasonegreatpassion,thepassionforsweetnessandlight.Ithasoneevenyetgreater—thepassionformakingthemprevail.Itisnotsatisfiedtillweallcometoaperfectman;itknowsthatthesweetnessandlightofthefewmustbeimperfectuntiltherawandunkindledmassesofhumanityaretouchedwithsweetnessandlight.IfIhavenotshrunkfromsayingthatwemustworkforsweetnessandlight,soneitherhaveIshrunkfromsayingthatwemusthaveabroadbasis,musthavesweetnessandlightforasmanyaspossible…（4）_______________________________________.

（5）__________________________________________.Thegreatmenofculturearethosewhohavehadapassionfordiffusing,formakingprevail,forcarryingfromoneendofsocietytotheother,thebestknowledge,thebestideasoftheirtime;whohavelaboredtodivestknowledgeofallthatwasharsh,uncouth,difficult,abstract,professional,exclusive;tohumanizeit,tomakeitefficientoutsidethecliqueofthecultivatedandlearned,yetstillremainingthebestknowledgeandthoughtofthetime,andatruesource,therefore,ofsweetnessandlight.

问题1选项

A.Cultureseekstomakethebestthathasbeenthoughtandknownintheworldcurrenteverywhere;tomakeallmenliveinanatmosphereofsweetnessandlight,wheretheymayuseideas,asitusesthemitself,freely—-nourished,andnotboundbythem.

B.Thisisthesocialidea;andthemenofculturearethetrueapostlesofequality.

C.Itmovesbytheforce,notmerelyorprimarilyofthescientificpassionforpureknowledge,butalsoofthemoralandsocialpassionfordoinggood.

D.Allthesethingsoughttobedonemerelybytheway:theformationofthespiritandcharactermustbeourrealconcern.

E.Theyhumanizedknowledge;becausetheybroadenedthebasisoflifeandintelligence;becausetheyworkedpowerfullytodiffusesweetnessandlight.

F.Andculture,inlikemanner,placeshumanperfectioninaninternalcondition,inthegrowthandpredominanceofourhumanityproper,asdistinguishedfromouranimality.

G.Butaboveallinourowncountryhascultureaweightyparttoperform,becauseherethatmechanicalcharacter,whichcivilizationtendstotakeeverywhere,isshowninthemosteminentdegree.

问题2选项

A.Cultureseekstomakethebestthathasbeenthoughtandknownintheworldcurrenteverywhere;tomakeallmenliveinanatmosphereofsweetnessandlight,wheretheymayuseideas,asitusesthemitself,freely—-nourished,andnotboundbythem.

B.Thisisthesocialidea;andthemenofculturearethetrueapostlesofequality.

C.Itmovesbytheforce,notmerelyorprimarilyofthescientificpassionforpureknowledge,butalsoofthemoralandsocialpassionfordoinggood.

D.Allthesethingsoughttobedonemerelybytheway:theformationofthespiritandcharactermustbeourrealconcern.

E.Theyhumanizedknowledge;becausetheybroadenedthebasisoflifeandintelligence;becausetheyworkedpowerfullytodiffusesweetnessandlight.

F.Andculture,inlikemanner,placeshumanperfectioninaninternalcondition,inthegrowthandpredominanceofourhumanityproper,asdistinguishedfromouranimality.

G.Butaboveallinourowncountryhascultureaweightyparttoperform,becauseherethatmechanicalcharacter,whichcivilizationtendstotakeeverywhere,isshowninthemosteminentdegree.

问题3选项

A.Cultureseekstomakethebestthathasbeenthoughtandknownintheworldcurrenteverywhere;tomakeallmenliveinanatmosphereofsweetnessandlight,wheretheymayuseideas,asitusesthemitself,freely—-nourished,andnotboundbythem.

B.Thisisthesocialidea;andthemenofculturearethetrueapostlesofequality.

C.Itmovesbytheforce,notmerelyorprimarilyofthescientificpassionforpureknowledge,butalsoofthemoralandsocialpassionfordoinggood