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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东师范大学考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.填空题

A:I’mquite(1)thatyou’veacceptedthatnewjobinShanghai.I(2)thatyouhatedShanghai!

B:Notatall!Ilovethecity.Iworkedthere(3)threemonthsaboutfiveyears(4)andIreallyenjoyedtheplacebackthen.

A:Well,I’llbe(5)toseeyougo.We'llmissyou!

B:Thanks.That’svery(6)ofyoutosay.I'llmissthepeopleinthisofficetoo.

【答案】1.surprised

2.thought

3.for

4.ago

5.sorry

6.kind

【解析】1.语义题。由后面的“hated讨厌”推测此处应表示“我非常惊讶,你已接受上海的新工作”。

2.语义题。句意:我以为你讨厌上海。

3.语法题。考查介词。由后面的关键词“threemonths3个月”知这里表示“在那里工作了3个月”,故第三个空应填“for”。

4.语义题。这里表示“5年前”。

5.语义题。句意:很遗憾看到你走。

6.固定搭配。That’skindofyoutodosth.您…真是太好了。

2.单选题

Thisschoolpromisedtomakeclassessmallerandoffermoreindividualized().

问题1选项

A.presentation

B.instruction

C.conviction

D.obligation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项presentation“展示,描述”,B项instruction“指令,命令,教导”,C项conviction“定罪,确信”,D项obligation“义务,职责”;根据句子语境“这所学校承诺缩小班级规模,提供更个性化的……”可知,只有B项符合。句意:这所学校承诺要缩小班级规模,提供更加个性化的教学。因此,该题选择B项正确。

3.单选题

We'veknownforalongtimeahigh-fatdiet,obesityandlackofexercisecanincreasetheriskofdevelopingheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes,twoconditionsaffectingmillionsofAmericans.Whatwearefindingoutnowisthosesamelifestylefactorsalsoplayanimportantroleincancer.That'sthebadnews.Thegoodnewsisyoucandosomethingaboutyourlifestyle.Ifwegrewthinner,exercisedregularly,avoideddietsrichinredmeatandatedietsrichinfruitsandvegetables,andstoppedusingtobacco,wewouldprevent70percentofallcancers.

Thestrongestevidenceoftheimportanceoflifestyleincancerismostcommoncancersariseatdramaticallydifferentratesindifferentpartsoftheglobe.SeveralcancersthatareextremelycommonintheUnitedStates—colon,prostateandbreastcancer—arerelativelyrareinotherpartsoftheworld,occurringonly1/10or1/20asoften.Equallystriking,whenpeoplemigratefromotherpartsoftheworldtotheUnitedStates,withinagenerationtheircancerratesapproachthoseofuswhosefamilieshavelivedinthiscountryforalongtime.Evenifpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldliveintheirowncountries,butadoptaU.S.lifestyle,theirriskofcancerrises;asJapanesehaveembracedWesternhabits,theirratesofcolon,breastandprostatecancerhaveskyrocketed.

Whatisitaboutourlifestylethatraisestheriskofmanytypesofcancer?ThemainculpritsseemtobetheWesterndiet,obesityandphysicalinactivity.Whilewe'veknownabouttheimportanceoftobaccoandcancerformorethan50years,wearejustbeginningtounderstandhowdiet,ahealthybodyweightandregularexercisecanprotectusagainstcancer.

AstrikingexampleoftheprofoundinfluenceofdietwasreportedlastsummerinTheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.Doctorsdeterminedtheeatinghabitsofpatientswithcoloncancerintheyearsfollowingsurgicalremovalofthecancer.Overthenextfiveyears,thosewhoateatraditionalWesterndiethadathreefoldgreaterlikelihoodofdevelopingarecurrenceofthediseasethandidthosewhoatea“prudent”dietrichinfruitsandvegetablesandincludingonlysmallamountsofredmeat.Howhaddietaffectedthesepatients?Thesurgeryclearlyhadnotremovedalltheircolon-cancercells:priortothesurgery,somecellshadalreadyspreadfromtheprimarytumor.TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells.

ObesityisthesecondmostimportantfactorincausingcancerinWesternpopulationsaftertobacco.Thereisevidencethatmaintainingahealthyweightisprotectiveagainstthedisease.AstudybytheAmericanCancerSocietyin2003foundtheheaviestpeople,incomparisonwiththeleanest,hadasignificantlyincreasedriskofdeathfrom10differentkindsofcancerinmen,and12differentkindsinwomen.Themostextremeexampleswerelivercancerinmenanduterinecancerinwomen.

1.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

2.ThestrikingexampleinTheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationaimstoprove().

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueastoparagraph5?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichonehasthehighestprobabilityinresultingincancer?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.TherateofseveralextremelycommoncancersintheU.Sishigherby1/10or1/20.

B.Differentratesofmostcommoncancersindifferentregionsresultfromdifferentlifestyles.

C.PeoplewhomigratetotheUnitedStateshavehighcancerratesafterageneration.

D.Ifpeopleoutofthewesternworldstayathometheirriskorcancerwon’trise.

问题2选项

A.surgicalremovalisnotreliablebecauseitcouldnoteliminateallcancercellsofcoloncancer.

B.thefiveyearsfollowingsurgeiyisdangerousinthatthereismuchlikehoodtohaverecurrence.

C.TheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationoftenreportsthelatestdiscoveryinscience.

D.Westerndiet,insomeuncertainway,excitesthegrowthofcancercellsafterthesurgery.

问题3选项

A.Accordingtoastudy,theheaviestpeoplearemostlikelytodieoflivercancer.

B.Theheaviestmenarelikelytodieofmorekindsofcancersthantheheaviestwomen.

C.Scientistspredictthattheheaviestpeoplearemorelikelytodieofcancers.

D.TobaccoisthemostimportantfactorincausingcancerinWesternpopulations.

问题4选项

A.Obesity,westerndietandhabitat.

B.Obesity,lackofexercisesandwesterndiet.

C.Obesity,lackofexercisesandtype2diabetes.

D.Westerndiet,lackofexercisesandheartdisease.

问题5选项

A.HowtoCureCancer

B.ObesityandCancer

C.DietandCancer

D.LifestyleandCancer

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据第二段可知下面哪个表述是正确的?”文章第二段第一句话提到“生活方式在癌症形成方面的重要性的最有力的证据是:大多数常见癌症在全球不同地区的发病率存在显著差异”(Thestrongestevidenceoftheimportanceoflifestyleincancerismostcommoncancersariseatdramaticallydifferentratesindifferentpartsoftheglobe),由此可知选项B“不同地区最常见癌症的不同发病率是由不同的生活方式引起的”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“《美国医学会杂志》上刊登的这个引人注目的例子是为了证明……”。文章第四段最后一句话提到“西方饮食以某种方式刺激了这些残留癌细胞的生长”(TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells),因此选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项表述是正确的?”文章第五段第一句话提到“在西方国家,肥胖是导致癌症的第二大因素,仅次于烟草”(TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells),因此可知烟草是致癌的最重要因素,选项D符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据这篇文章,哪一个最有可能导致癌症?”文章第一段提到“我们现在发现同样的生活方式因素在癌症中也起着重要的作用”(Whatwearefindingoutnowisthosesamelifestylefactorsalsoplayanimportantroleincancer),这些生活方式指得是ahigh-fatdiet,obesityandlackofexercise,因此选项B符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。题目问的是“最适合文章的标题是哪一项?”文章第一段提到高脂肪饮食、肥胖和缺乏锻炼这些生活方式在癌症的形成方面扮演一个重要的角色,随后的内容都是对此进行论述,由此可知整篇文章都是在讲述生活方式与癌症的关系,因此选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

IwasawfullytiredwhenIgothomefromwork,butahalf-hournap(

)me.

问题1选项

A.revived

B.released

C.relieved

D.recovered

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我下班回家的时候累极了,但半小时的小睡又使我振作起来。

动词辨析。revive(使)苏醒,复活;release释放;relieve缓解,减轻;recover康复。A项符合句意。

5.单选题

Everyartistknowsinhisheartthatheissayingsomethingtothepublic.Notonlydoeshewanttosayitwell,buthewantsittobesomethingwhichhasnotbeensaidbefore.Hehopesthepublicwilllistenandunderstand,hewantstoteachthem,andhewantsthemtolearnfromhim.

Whatvisualartistslikepainterswanttoteachiseasytomakeoutbutdifficulttoexplain,becausepainterstranslatetheirexperiencesintoshapesandcolors,notwords.Theyseemtofeelthatacertainselectionofshapesandcolors,outofthecountlessbillionspossible,isexceptionallyinterestingforthemandworthshowingtous.Withouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesandcolors,orhavefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartist.

Mostartiststaketheirshapesandcolorsfromtheworldofnatureandfromhumanbodiesinmotionandrepose(静止).Theirchoicesindicatethattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat,thattheycontainbeautifulsight.Contemporaryartistsmightsaythattheymerelychoosesubjectsthatprovideaninterestingpattern,thatthereisnothingmoreinit.Yeteventheydonotchooseentirelywithoutreferencetothecharacteroftheirsubjects.

Ifonepainterchoosestopaintaninjuredlegandanotheralakeinmoonlight,eachofthemisdirectingourattentiontoacertainaspectoftheworld.Eachpainteristellingussomething,showingussomething,emphasizingsomething,allofwhichmeansthat,consciouslyorunconsciously,heistryingtoteachus.

1.Withouttheartist’swork,thepublicmightnot().

2.Anartist’schoiceofshapesandcolorsindicatesthathebelievesthemtobe().

3.Contemporaryartistsoftenthinktheirchoiceofsubject().

4.Thewritersaysthatcontemporaryartcontains().

5.Comparedwithapainterofunpleasantsubjectsapainterwhodrawsalakeinmoonlightis().

问题1选项

A.noticeparticularshapesorcolors

B.seetheshapesandcolorsthatexpresshisexperience

C.feelhisdelightinshapesandcolors

D.alloftheabove

问题2选项

A.calm

B.worthlookingat

C.delightful

D.moving

问题3选项

A.carriesnomessagetothepublic

B.providesaninterestingangle

C.hasnopatternorform

D.teachesthepublicimportanttruths

问题4选项

A.nothingmeaningful

B.uninterestingaspectsoftheworld

C.subjectschosenpartlyfortheirmeaning

D.completelymeaninglesssubjects

问题5选项

A.conveyingmoremeaning

B.pointingtosomethingdifferent

C.moreskilled

D.communicatingless

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据第二段最后一句“Withouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesandcolors,orhavefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartist.如果没有他们的作品,我们就不会注意到这些特殊的形状和颜色,也不会体会到他们给艺术家带来的快乐。”以及第二段前面也提及,画家把他们的经验转化成形状和颜色,由此可知,选项A、B、C均正确。所以本题选D。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“Theirchoicesindicatethattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat,thattheycontainbeautifulsight.他们的选择表明世界的这些方面是值得一看的,它们包含着美丽的风景。”选项B符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Contemporaryartistsmightsaythattheymerelychoosesubjectsthatprovideaninterestingpattern,thatthereisnothingmoreinit.当代艺术家可能会说,他们只是选择了能提供一种有趣模式的主题,而没有更多的内容。”选项B符合原文。

4.判断推理题。根据第三段最后一句“Yeteventheydonotchooseentirelywithoutreferencetothecharacteroftheirsubjects.然而,即使是他们也不会完全不参照他们主题的特点而做出选择。”由此可推断,作者认为当代艺术的主题选择部分是为了它们的意义。选项C符合原文。

5.判断推理题。根据原文最后一个自然段的内容“如果一个画家选择画一条受伤的腿,另一个选择画月光下的湖,每一个画家都在把我们的注意力引向世界的某个方面。每个画家都在告诉我们一些东西,向我们展示一些东西,强调一些东西,所有这一切都意味着,有意识或无意识地,他在试图教我们一些东西。”也就是说,不同的画家画出不同的东西,他们所表达的意义也是不同的,所以选项B正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

6.单选题

It’sharmfultoone'shealthto(

)smokinganddrinking

问题1选项

A.takeon

B.taketo

C.takein

D.takeoff

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。takeon意为“承担,接受”;taketo意为“喜欢,养成……的习惯”;takein意为“吸收,吸入”;takeoff意为“脱掉,起飞”。

句意:吸烟喝酒有害人的身体健康。

7.单选题

Everyyear,asthepriceofgoodsrises,theinflationrefusesto(1)evenfromthehigheducationalinstitutions.

IntheUS,accordingtoa2005surveybytheCollegeBoard,(2)atstateuniversitiesrosebyanaverageof7.1percentannually,afterayearwheninflationgrewmuchless.Atprivateschoolsitwasup5.9percent.Thesurveywhich(3)morethan3,000collegesanduniversitiesdidnotprovideclearreasonsforthecontinuedincreases.Itdidsaythatthepriceofgoodsandservicesatuniversitieshaverisenrapidly.Someofthefastestgrowthhasbeeninemployeehealth(4),andprofessionalsalaries.

Livingexpensesoncampushavealso(5).AttheuniversityofSouthernCaliforniastudentdininghall,abuffetmealcost$5.50in2004.Butnowit’s$9.TheUSgovernmentoftenprovides(6)assistancetostudents’lunchinprimaryandhighschools,butthesefavorablepoliciesusuallydon’t(7)universities.

Somestudentssaidthefoodoncampusissometimesevenmoreexpensivethanthatatrestaurants(8)campus.Tocompensatetheriseintuitionandlivingexpenses,thefederalandstategovernments(9)universitiesandprivatesourceshaveprovided(10)forstudents.Ofallthefulltimeundergraduatesabout62percenthaveagrantcovering30-50percentoftheirtuition,accordingtotheCollegeBoard.

问题1选项

A.stayaway

B.standout

C.stepdown

D.setoff

问题2选项

A.fares

B.payment

C.charges

D.tuition

问题3选项

A.attended

B.covered

C.included

D.composed

问题4选项

A.welfares

B.advantages

C.benefits

D.goods

问题5选项

A.rolledup

B.goneup

C.satup

D.takenup

问题6选项

A.management

B.economic

C.policy

D.financial

问题7选项

A.applyto

B.suitfor

C.adjustto

D.gearfor

问题8选项

A.in

B.to

C.off

D.over

问题9选项

A.aswellas

B.thesameas

C.asfaras

D.suchas

问题10选项

A.grasps

B.grains

C.grounds

D.grants

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:C

第9题:A

第10题:D

【解析】第1题:考查词组辨析。A项stayaway“远离”,B项standout“站出来,坚持到底”,C项stepdown“走下,逐步减低”,D项setoff“出发,动身”。根据句子Everyyear,asthepriceofgoodsrises,theinflationrefusesto()evenfromthehigheducationalinstitutions中的from可知,stayawayfrom固定用法,表示“远离”。句意:每年,随着商品价格的上涨,通货膨胀甚至对高等教育机构也产生了影响。故该题选A。

第2题:考查名词辨析和上下文语义。A项fares“票价,车费”,B项payment“支付,付款”,C项charges“费用”,D项tuition“学费”。根据空格后的atstateuniversitiesrosebyanaverageof7.1percentannually(在州立大学,平均每年增长7.1%)可知,空格处表示“学费”。句意:根据美国大学理事会(CollegeBoard)2005年的一项调查,美国州立大学的学费平均每年上涨7.1%,而过去一年的通货膨胀幅度要小得多。故该题选D。

第3题:考查动词辨析。A项attend“参加”,B项cover“覆盖,包括,涉及”,C项include“包括”,D项compose“构成,写作”。根据句子Thesurveywhich()morethan3,000collegesanduniversitiesdidnotprovideclearreasonsforthecontinuedincreases可知,空格处填入“包括,覆盖”,所以A、D项排除;而include指把某事物包括进另一些大的事物,很明显这里表示的不是包括进来,所以只有B项符合。句意:这项涵盖了3000多所高校的调查并没有给出持续增长的明确原因。故该题选B。

第4题:考查名词辨析和上下文语义。A项welfare“福利”,B项advantage“优点”,C项benefit“利益,好处”,D项good“好处,善行”。根据句子Someofthefastestgrowthhasbeeninemployeehealth(),andprofessionalsalaries可知,professionalsalaries和employeehealth()都是in的宾语,所以推测空格部分表示为“员工健康福利”。句意:增长最快的是员工健康福利和岗位薪水。故该题选C。

第5题:考查词组辨析和上下文语义。A项rollup“卷起,出现”,B项goup“增长,上升”,C项situp“熬夜,端坐”,D项takeup“拿起,开始从事”。上文提到因为通货膨胀的影响,学校的各种费用都有所上涨,根据句子Livingexpensesoncampushavealso()可知,空格也是表示“上升,上涨”。句意:学校的生活费用也增长了。故该题选B。

第6题:考查词义辨析。A项management“管理”,B项economic“经济的,经济上的”,C项policy“政策,方针”,D项financial“金融的,财政的”。根据句子TheUSgovernmentoftenprovides()assistancetostudents’lunchinprimaryandhighschools可知,空格部分应该表示“学生的午餐资助”。句意:美国政府经常为中小学生提供午餐资助。故该题选D。

第7题:考查词组辨析。A项applyto“适用于”,B项suitfor“适合做”,C项adjustto“调节,调整以适应”,D项gearfor“装备……”。上文提到“美国政府经常为中小学生提供午餐资助”,下文接着说到butthesefavorablepoliciesusuallydon’t()universities可知,这一句表达的是“但是这些优惠政策通常没有提供给大学”。所以该题选A符合句意。

第8题:考查句子逻辑。A项in“在……里面”,B项to“对于”,C项off“不在,偏离”,D项over“在……上面,从……上方”。根据句子Somestudentssaidthefoodoncampusissometimesevenmoreexpensivethanthatatrestaurants()campus可知,than表示比较,前面提到foodoncampus(校园里的食物),后面提到restaurants()campus可知,空格处表示“校外”。句意:一些学生说,学校的食物有时甚至比校外餐馆的更贵。故该题选C。

第9题:考查词组辨析。A项aswellas“和……一样,也”,B项thesameas“与……一致”,C项asfaras“至于,直到”,D项suchas“比如,诸如”。根据thefederalandstategovernments()universitiesandprivatesources可知,federalandstategovernments(联邦政府和州政府)与universitiesandprivatesources(大学和私立院校)是并列成分,所以空格处应该是一个连词性短语表并列,只有A项符合;故该题选A正确。

第10题:考查名词辨析。A项grasp“理解,领会”,B项grain“粮食,颗粒”,C项ground“地面,战场,根据”,D项grant“拨款,补助金”。前面提到Tocompensatetheriseintuitionandlivingexpenses(为了补偿学费和生活费的上涨),可知,thefederalandstategovernmentsaswellasuniversitiesandprivatesourceshaveprovided()forstudents一句中的空格部分表达的是“提供补助金”。句意:为了弥补学费和生活费的上涨,联邦政府、州政府、大学和私立院校都为学生提供了助学金。故该题选D正确。

8.单选题

AtlastI______awayofgettingJohnandCathytoresumetheirmarriage.

问题1选项

A.cameto

B.hitupon

C.thoughtabout

D.hitoff

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.cameto共计;达到B.hitupon想出,找到

C.thoughtabout考虑D.hitoff惟妙地模仿

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】按照句意“我终于______让约翰和凯茜复婚的办法”,结合后面的宾语away(一个办法)可知,空格处表示“找到、想出”,所以该题选择B项恰当。

【干扰项排除】

A、D项不符合句意;

C项一般指对某事慎重地考虑或思考。

【句意】我终于找到了让约翰和凯茜复婚的办法。

9.单选题

Somemodemanthropologistsholdthatbiologicalevolution()notonlyhumanmorphologybutalsohumanbehavior.

问题1选项

A.hasrelated

B.isrelated

C.isshaped

D.hasshaped

【答案】D

【解析】语法题。relate“有联系”;shape“形成,塑造”,根据句子结构,evolution和动词之间为主动关系,所以不用被动语态,选项B和C可排除。句意:一些现代人类学家认为,生物进化不仅塑造了人类的形态,而且还塑造了人类的行为。选项D符合题意。

10.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpartintoChinese.

Insociallife,timeplaysaveryimportantpart.IntheU.S.A.Gueststendtofeeltheyarenothighlyregardediftheinvitationtoadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfourdaysbeforethepartydate.Butitisnottrueinallcountries.Inotherareasoftheworlditmaybeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmenttoofarinadvancebecauseplanswhicharemadeforadatemorethanaweekawaytendtobeforgotten.Themeaningoftimediffersindifferentpartsoftheworld.Thus,misunderstandingsarisebetweenpeoplefromculturesthattreattimedifferently.

【答案】在社交生活中,时间扮演着重要的角色。在美国,如果客人在一个聚会的前3天或4天才收到邀请,他们就会觉得自己没有受到高度重视。但并不是所有国家都这样。在世界的其他地方,太早和别人约好时间被认为是愚蠢的,因为超过一个星期的提前预约很容易被人忘掉。时间在不同国家有不同的意义。因此,来自看待时间不同的文化的人之间会产生误会。

11.单选题

Povertyanddomesticviolencemakeiteasyforhertotrustthatbadthingswillhappenandtakethis()happinessaway.

问题1选项

A.adversary

B.vulgar

C.fragile

D.superfluous

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析题。adversary敌手,对手;vulgar粗俗的,本土的;fragile脆的,易碎的;superfluous多余的。句意:贫穷和家庭暴力让她很容易相信坏事会发生,并带走这种脆弱的幸福。只有选项C符合句意。

12.单选题

______isyoursubstitutionofsomeoneelseforyourselfinregardtoaskingforyourlegalright.

问题1选项

A.Subjugation

B.Subrogation

C.Subversion

D.Submerge

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项subjugation“征服,镇压”,B项subrogation“代理,代替”,C项subversion“颠覆,破坏”,D项submerge“淹没,把……浸入”。根据关键词substitution“代替”可知,空格处对应的单词是B项subrogation“代理,代替”。句意:代理权是指你以他人代替你自己来要求你的合法权利。因此,该题选择B项正确。

13.单选题

ImaystillbefeelingtheeffectsofanesthesiawhenIcomehomefromthehospital,soIhopeyouarewillingtoaccompanywithmetheretomorrowandbringmeback.

问题1选项

A.maystillbefeeling

B.whenIcomehomefromthe

C.arewilling

D.accompanywithme

E.没有问题

【答案】D

【解析】固定短语误用。去掉with。由关键词“there那里”知这里表示“陪我到那里”意思,这里应用accompanysb.tosomewhere陪某人到某地”,再由there“在那里”这个副词前一般不用i词to(如gothere“去那里”)知这里直接去掉with就可以了。accompanywithsb.意思为“陪伴某人”(后面一般不接表示地点的副词)。

14.单选题

Thepolicerefusedto()thecluestheywereworkingon.

问题1选项

A.exhibit

B.disclose

C.expose

D.discern

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项exhibit“展览;显示;提出(证据等)”;B选项disclose“公开;透露”;C选项expose“揭露;使曝光;显示”;D选项discern“识别;领悟,认识”。句意:警方拒绝透露他们正致力于的线索。根据句中“Thepolice警方”可知“透露”符合语境,因此B选项正确。

15.单选题

Thehopes,goals,fearsanddesires(

)widelybetweenmenandwomen,betweentherichandthepoor.

问题1选项

A.alter

B.vary

C.transfer

D.shift

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。alter改变,更改;vary改变,变化;transfer转移,转变;shift转移,变换。

句意:希望、目标、恐惧和欲望在男人和女人之间、富人和穷人之间大不相同。这几个词都有改变的意思,但是只有vary能和后面的between搭配,意为“在...之间变化、有差异”,所以选项B正确。

16.单选题

ThatLouiseNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecausethegreatestresistancetowomenartistshasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture.SinceNeolithictimes,sculpturehasbeenconsideredtheprerogativeofmen,partly,perhaps,forpurelyphysicalreasons;itwaserroneouslyassumedthatwomenwerenotsuitedforthehardmanuallaborrequiredinsculptingstone,carvingwood,orworkinginmetal.Ithasbeenonlyduringthetwentiethcenturythatwomensculptorshavebeenrecognizedasmajorartists,andithasbeenintheUnitedStates,especiallysincethedecadesofthefiftiesandsixties,thatwomensculptorshaveshownthegreatestoriginalityandcreativepower.TheirrisetoprominenceparallelsthedevelopmentofsculptureitselfintheUnitedStates;whiletherehadbeenafewtalentedsculptorsintheUnitedStatesbeforethe1940,itwasonlyafter1945——whenNewYorkwasrapidlybecomingtheartcapitaloftheworld——thatmajorsculpturewasproducedintheUnitedStates.Someofthebestwastheworkofwomen.

ByfarthemostoutstandingofthesewomenisLouiseNevelson,whointheeyesofmanycriticsisthemostoriginalfemaleartistalivetoday.Onefamousandinfluentialcritic,HiltonKramer,saidofherwork.“Formyself,IthinkMs.Nevelsonsucceedswherethepaintersoftenfail.”

HerworkshavebeencomparedtotheCubistconstructionsofPicasso,theSurrealisticobjectsofMiro,andtheMerzbauofSchwitters.Nevelsonwouldbethefirsttoadmitthatshehasbeeninfluencedbyallofthese,aswellasbyAfricansculpture,andbyNativeAmericanandpre-Columbianart,butshehasabsorbedalltheseinfluencesandstillcreatedadistinctiveartthatexpressestheurbanlandscapeandtheaestheticsensibilityofthetwentiethcentury.Nevelsonsays,“Ihavealwayswantedtoshowtheworldthatartiseverywhere,exceptthatithastopassthroughacreativemind.”

Usingmostlydiscardedwoodenobjectslikepackingcrates,brokenpiecesoffurniture,andabandonedarchitecturalornaments,allofwhichshehashoardedforyears,sheassemblesarchitecturalconstructionsofgreatbeautyandpower.Creatingveryfreelywithnosketches,shegluesandnailsobjectstogether,paintsthemblack,ormorerarelywhiteorgold,andplacestheminboxes.Theseassemblages,walls,evenentireenvironmentscreateamysterious,almostawe-inspiringatmosphere.Althoughshehasdeniedanysymbolicorreligiousintentinherworks,theirthree-dimensionalgrandeurandeventheirtitles,suchasSkyCathedralandNightCathedral,suggestsuchconnotations.Insomeways,hermostambitiousworksareclosertoarchitecturethantotraditionalsculpture,blitthenneitherLouiseNevelsonnorherartfitsintoanyneatcategory.

1.Thepassagefocusesprimarilyonwhichofthefollowing?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbyinformationgiveninthepassage?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbelieveswhichofthefollowingaboutNevelson’ssculptures?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutNevelson’ssculpturescanbeinferredfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Ageneraltendencyintwentieth-centuryart

B.Theworkofaparticularartist

C.Theartisticinfluencesonwomensculptors

D.Criticalresponsestotwentieth-centurysculpture

问题2选项

A.Priorto1945therewaslittlemajorsculptureproducedbymenorwomensculptorsworkingintheUnitedStates.

B.Since1950sculptureproducedintheUnitedStateshasbeenthemostoriginalandcreativesculptureproducedanywhere.

C.From1900to1950womensculptorsinEuropeenjoyedmorerecognitionfortheirworkthandidwomensculptorsintheUnitedStates.

D.Priorto1945thereweremanywomensculptorswhoseworkwasignoredbycritics.

问题3选项

A.Theyshowtheinfluenceoftwentieth-centuryarchitecture.

B.Theydonothavequalitiescharacteristicofsculpture

C.Theyaremysteriousandawe-inspiring,butnotbeautiful.

D.Theysuggestreligiousandsymbolicmeanings.

问题4选项

A.Theyaremeantfordisplayoutdoors.

B.Theyareoftenpaintedinseveralcolors.

C.Theyaresometimesverylarge.

D.Theyarebuiltaroundacentralwoodenobject.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由第一段中第一句“ThatLouiseNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecausethegreatestresistancetowomenartistshasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture.”提出“路易丝•奈维尔森(LouiseNevelson)被许多评论家认为是20世纪最伟大的女雕刻家”及随后段落讲述“路易丝•奈维尔森的艺术作品特点,评论家对她的评论等”可知本文主要讲一个特殊的艺术家的作品。B项符合题意。A项“二十世纪艺术的普遍趋势”;C项“对女性雕塑家的艺术影响”;D项“对二十世纪雕塑的批判回应”。

2.细节事实题。定位第一段中“...whiletherehadbeenafewtalentedsculptorsinthe

UnitedStatesbeforethe1940,itwasonlyafter1945——whenNewYorkwasrapidlybecomingtheartcapitaloftheworld—thatmajorsculpturewasproducedintheUnitedStates.Someofthebestwastheworkofwomen.尽管1940年前美国只有很少的有才华的雕刻家,直到1945年,当纽约迅速成为世界艺术之都——主要的雕塑是在美国生产的。其中最好的一些是女性的作品。”可知A项“在1945年之前,美国很少有由男性或女性雕塑家创作的大型雕塑作品。”正确。

3.细节事实题。定位最后一段中“Althoughshehasdeniedanysymbolicorreligiousintentinherworks,theirthree-dimensionalgrandeurandeventheirtitles,suchasSkyCathedralandNightCathedral,suggestsuchconnotations.尽管她否认自己的作品中具有任何象征性的或宗教的意图,但她作品的三维立体的恢宏气势以及它们的标题,如《天庭大教堂》以及《黑夜大教堂》等都暗示了如此的含义。”可知D项“它们暗示着宗教和象征意义”正确。答案D。

4.判断推理题由Creatingveryfreelywithnosketches,shegluesandnailsobjectstogether,paintsthemblack,ormorerarelywhiteorgold,andplacestheminboxes.她非常自由地创作,没有素描,她把物体粘在一起,钉在一起,把它们涂成黑色,或者很少涂成白色或金色,然后把它们放在盒子里。”可推知A项“它们是用来在户外展示的。”及B项“它们经常被漆成几种颜色”不正确;D项“它们经常围绕一个中心的木制物体而被建造”在文中没有提到;由最后一段中“Theseassemblages,walls,evenentireenvironmentscreateamysterious,almostawe-inspiringatmosphere.这些装配艺术品、墙操,甚至整个的环境艺术品营造出一种神秘的、几乎是引人恐惧的氛围。”可推知“路易丝•奈维尔森(LouiseNevelson)的一些作品有时是非常大的”,故C项正确。

17.单选题

Awell-writtencomposition______goodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings.

问题1选项

A.callson

B.callsfor

C.callsup

D.callsoff

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项callon“访问,拜访;号召,请求”;B选项callfor“要求;需要;提倡;邀请;为……叫喊;前往接某人”;C选项callup“打电话给;使想起;提出”;D选项calloff“取消;叫走;放弃;宣告终止”。句意:一篇写得好的作文,除其他外,还要求选词得当,条理清晰。因此B选项正确。

18.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish

朋友来访,站在我的书橱前流连忘返,见他一副痴迷的样子,我故作豪爽地说:“喜欢看什么说就先拿去吧。”嘴上虽然这么说,其实心里还是很不情愿的,书像是自己的孩子,是生命的另一部分,生生被别人抱去,总是有点舍不得,朋友没有看出我的小算盘,只顾听了我的话,在书橱里挑三拣四地翻出几本书来,竟都是我喜欢的,时不时要拿出来读读的那种。但是泼出来的水是收不回来了,何况因为几本书,也显得太小家子气。

【答案】Afriendofminecametoseeme.Hestoodbeforemybookcaselookingoverthebooks.Atthesightofhimlingeringbeforeitwithraptattention,Ipretendedtobegenerous,“Takeanyasyoulike.”Isaidthatinspiteofmyself.ActuallyIwasreluctant,forIregardedmybooksasmychildren,partofmylife.HowcouldIbearthembeingtornawayfromme.Myfriendtookmeatmywordandbeganchoosingbookstohisliking.Unfortunatelyhispickhappenedtobemyfavorites,thoseI’dliketoreadandrereadnowandthen.ButIcouldn’tgobackonmyword,forwhat’sdonecan’tbeundone.Toregretforlendingafewbookswouldmakemelooknarrow-minded.

19.单选题

Itisnotforbiddentodreamofbuildingabetterworld,whichisbyandlargewhatthesocialsciencestrytohelpustodo.Howtomakecitiesmoreharmonious,reducecrimerates,improvewelfare,overcomeracism,increaseourwealth—thisisthestuffofsocialsciences.Thetroubleisthatthefindingsofsocialsciencesareoftendismissedasbeingtootheoretical,tooambitiousortoounpalatable.Themethodsofresearcharealsooftenattackedfortheirlackofrigor,andcriticsarequicktopointoutthatthepeoplewhomaketheimportantdecisionspaylittleattentiontowhatsocialscientistshavetosayanyway.Thiswouldchangeifthesocialsciencesmadethemselvesmorerelevantandreadyforthesocietyofthe21stcentury.

Socialsciencesbegantotakeshapeinthe19thcentury,butcameintotheirownatthebeginningofthe20thcentury,whenanumbe

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