考研考博-英语-宿州职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宿州职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Itisimportantthattheyknow______togetfromtheapplicants.

问题1选项

A.theinformationneeded

B.whatisneeded

C.whatinformationtheyneed

D.theinformation

【答案】C

【解析】考查宾语和宾语从句。这里把whatinformation提前来引导从句担当主句的宾语，宾语从句的正常语序是theyneedtogetwhatinformationfromtheapplicants；这句话的句意是：他们知道什么信息是他们需要从申请人那里得到的，这很重要。A、B、D选项均不符合语法，因此选C。

2.单选题

Heissucha（

）manthathebuiltaporchforhishouselastsummer.

问题1选项

A.productive

B.solitary

C.versatile

D.diligent

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:他是一个的人，去年夏天他就给他家房子建造了一个门廊。

productive:生产的，多产的。solitary:孤独的，单个的。diligent:勤勉的，勤奋的，刻苦的。versatile:多才多艺的，多用途的，万能的。

3.单选题

Wewerefourscoresleftbehindwithfiveminutestogo,sothegamelookedcompletely（

）.

问题1选项

A.irresistible

B.irretrievable

C.irremissible

D.irreplaceable

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。根据句意‘比赛只剩下五分钟了但我们落后四分，所以这场比赛看上去已完全无法挽救了。’可知因为比分悬殊，所以这场比赛的胜利己经无法改变了。A选项irresistible“不可抵抗的”;irretrievable“不能弥补的”；C选项irremissible“无法逃避的”；D选项irreplaceable“不可替代的”。B选项正确。

4.单选题

Thisdiplomaisimportant,which（

）thatyouhavecompletedhighschool.

问题1选项

A.amplifies

B.certifies

C.clarifies

D.magnifies

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。A选项amplify“放大，扩大”；B选项certify“证明”；C选项clarify“澄清，阐明”；D选项magnify“赞美，夸大”。

句意：这个文凭很重要，它能证明你已经完成高中学业。选项B符合句意。

5.单选题

GregoryCurrie,aprofessorofphilosophyeattheUniversityofNottingham,recentlyarguedinTheNewYorkTimesthatweoughtnottoclaimthatliteratureimprovesusaspeople,becausethereisno“compellingevidencethatsuggeststhatpeoplearemorallyorsociallybetterforreadingTolstoy”orothergreatbooks.

Actually,thereissuchevidence.RaymondMar,apsychologistatYorkUniversityinCanada,andKeithOatley,aprofessorofcognitivepsychologyattheUniversityofToronto,reportedinstudiespublishedin2006and2009thatindividualswhooftenreadfictionappeartobebetterabletounderstandotherpeople,empathize(起共鸣)withthemandviewtheworldfromtheirperspective.Thislinkpersistedevenaftertheresearchersfactoredinthepossibilitythatmoreempatheticindividualsmightchoosetoreadmorenovels.

Recentresearchincognitivescience,psychologyandneurosciencehasdemonstratedthatdeepreadingofbooksisadistinctiveexperience,verydifferentfromtheinformation-drivenreadingwedoontheWeb.Althoughdeepreadingdoesnot,strictlyspeaking,requireaconventionalbook,thebuilt-inlimitsoftheprintedpageareuniquelyconducivetothedeepreadingexperience.Abook'slackofhyperlinksallowsthereadertoremainfullyimmersedinthenarrative,withouthavingtomakesuchdecisionsaswhethertoclickonalinkornot.

Thatimmersionissupportedbythewaythebrainhandleslanguagerichinsensorydetailandemotionalandmoralcomplexity,bycreatingamentalrepresentationthatdrawsonthesamebrainregionsthatwouldbeactiveifthescenewereunfoldinginreallife.Theemotionalsituationsandmoraldilemmasthatarethestuffofliteraturearealsovigorousexerciseforthebrain,propellingusinsidetheheadsoffictionalcharactersandevenincreasingourreal-lifecapacityforempathy.

Thisisnotreadingasmanyyoungpeoplearecomingtoknowit.Theirreading,mostlydoneonscreen,ispragmaticandinstrumental.Ifweallowourchildrentobelievereadingonscreenisallthereis,wewillhavedeprivedthemofanenjoyableandenlighteningexperiencethatwillenlargethemaspeople.Insteadmoldingoureducationaroundyoungpeople’sattachmenttodigitaldevicesandonscreenhabits,weneedtoshowthemsomeplacethey’veneverbeento,aplaceonlydeepreadingcantakethemto.

1.Prof,GregoryCurriearguesthat（）.

2.ThestudiesofRaymondMarandKeithOatleyshowthat（）.

3.Deepreadingofpaperbookscomparedwithreadingontheweb（）.

4.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheauthor（）.

问题1选项

A.literaturedoesn'tshowpeople’smoralorsocialstandards

B.onlygoodliteratureshowspeople’smoralandsocialvalues

C.readingfictionwon'timprovepeoplemorallyorsocially

D.onlyreadinggreatbooksbenefitspeoplemorallyandsocially

问题2选项

A.empatheticpeoplearemorelikelytoreadnovelsoften

B.empatheticpeoplehaveabetterperspectiveontheworld

C.readingfictionencouragespeopletobemorepersistent

D.readingfictionhelpspeopleunderstandothersbetter

问题3选项

A.requiresreaderstodomorecarefulthinking

B.enablesreaderstostayabsorbedinthestory

C.givesreadersmanylinkstoothermaterials

D.allowsreaderstochoosetheirfuturereading

问题4选项

A.supportsuseofdigitaldevicesinclassroom

B.prefersreadingonscreentoreadingpaperbooks

C.takesapositiveapproachtoeducationreforms

D.holdsanegativeattitudetowardreadingonscreen

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干定位到文章首段，“recentlyarguedinTheNewYorkTimesthatweoughtnottoclaimthatliteratureimprovesusaspeople,becausethereisno“compellingevidencethatsuggeststhatpeoplearemorallyorsociallybetterforreadingTolstoy"orothergreatbooks.”最近在《纽约时报》上提出，我们不应该声称文学提高了我们作为人的水平，因为没有“令人信服的证据表明，阅读托尔斯泰或其他伟大著作的人在道德上或社会上更优秀”。A选项“文学不能体现出人们的道德和社会水平”，B选项“只有好的文学可以体现人们的道德和社会水平”，C选项“阅读小说不会提高人们的道德或社会地位”，D选项“只有读伟大的书籍，才能使人在道德和社会上受益”。因此，C选项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文第二段的第二句话“individualswhooftenreadfictionappeartobebetterabletounderstandotherpeople,empathize(起共鸣)withthemandviewtheworldfromtheirperspective.”人经常读小说似乎能更好地理解他人,与他们起共鸣,从他们的角度看待这个世界。A选项“具有同理心的人更有可能经常阅读小说”，B选项“有同理心的人对世界有更好的看法”，C选项“读小说能使人更有毅力”,D选项“读小说可以帮助人们更好地理解别人”。因此，D选项符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文第三段，“Abook'slackofhyperlinksallowsthereadertoremainfullyimmersedinthenarrative,withouthavingtomakesuchdecisionsaswhethertoclickonalinkornot.”一本书没有超链接，读者可以完全沉浸在叙述中，而不必决定是否点击链接。A选项“要求读者做更细致的思考”，B选项“使读者在故事中保持专注”，C选项“给读者提供许多其他材料的链接”，D选项“允许读者选择未来的读物”。因此，B选项符合题意。

4.观点态度题。根据题干定位到原文最后一段,“Ifweallowourchildrentobelievereadingonscreenisallthereis,wewillhavedeprivedthemofanenjoyableandenlighteningexperiencethatwillenlargethemaspeople.”如果我们允许我们的孩子相信在屏幕上阅读就是一切，我们就剥夺了他们一种愉快而有启发性的体验，而这种体验可以扩大他们的知识面。A选项“支持在课堂上使用数字设备”，B选项“比起纸质书，作者更喜欢看屏幕”，C选项“对教育改革采取积极的态度”，D选项“对屏幕阅读持消极态度的人”。因此，D选项符合题意。

6.不定项选择题

Manyofusarefearfulofmakingchangesinourworklives—fearisanaturalhumancondition.Wefeellessthreatenedwhenwestickwiththefamiliar.Aslongaswearereceivingapaycheck,wetoleratethedissatisfaction.Bettertojustplayitsafe.

Butthesafetynetwepreserverequiresabigtrade-off.Itoftendeniesustheopportunitytoexperienceworkthatmakesushappy,thatisconsistentwithourdesireswhilestillmeetingourmonetaryneeds.Yetmanyofusstrapourselvesintojobsinwhichtheonlyrewardismoney.

Webreedcynicismwhenwetreatourworkasnothingmorethanafinancialequation,anecessitywetolerateinordertoacquirefundstolive,withthehopeofsomehowachievingsuccessandhappinessalongtheway.That’sreallymostofuswanttobehappy.Wespend80,000hoursofourlivesatwork.Yet,weviewhappinessassomethingtobeachieved“outside”ofwork.WehireourselvesoutonMondaythroughFridayand“live”fortheweekends.

Mostofusdidn’tchooseourcareerstofulfillapurposeormission.Onthecontrary,wejustlookedfor“agoodjobwithagoodcompany,”reflectingsuchcriteriaaspay,titleandsecurity.Wereasonedthatifwecould“getafootinthedoor”andworkhard,ourcareerswouldgrowovertime,actually,thatourcareersandworkliveswouldjusthappen“byaccident.”Becauseofthis,manyofushavecareerstodaythatarejust“accidentswaitingtohappen.”Everydaybusinessdecisions,areorganizationplan,anacquisitionbyanothercomply,arelocationoutofthecountryofthecompany,canthrowourworklivesintodanger.Butdespitethisuncertainty,someofusstillclingtoourjobs,dissatisfyingastheymaybe.Can’ttakethatrisk!

“Hangingon”involvesrisktoo.Forwhenwesacrificepleasureforpay,ourworklacksdignity,usesourenergyand,ultimately,breaksourspirit.Anunhappy,unfulfilledworklifecontributestoanunhappy,unfulfilledpersonallife.Happinessinwork,ashappinessinlove,demandsameasureofrisk.

AuthorMarshaSimetarsuggeststhatifyou“dowhatyoulove,themoneywillfollow.”Certainlythismayseemabitrisky,perhapsidealistic,butitisundoubtedlytruethatpeoplewholovewhattheydofindwaystomakethemostmoney.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwelearnthat（）

2.Bysayingthat“thesafetynetwepreserverequiresabigtrade-off”(paragraph2,line1)the（）

3.Welearnfromthetextthat（）

4.Accordingtothetext,whenthechangesthrowourworklivesintodanger,wewillusually（）

5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextisto（）

问题1选项

A.fearisoneofthefundamentaldefectsinhumancharacter.

B.peopletendtokeepstableworktoavoidthefearofchanges.

C.thepaycheckmakespeoplefeelsafeabouttheirwork.

D.peoplefeellessfearfulunderanaturalhumancondition.

问题2选项

A.peopleneedtodobusinesswhenmanagingworkandlife.

B.mencanfeelsafewhenreceivingmoney,themajorrewardofjob.

C.safetymeanssacrificingthebalancebetweenmonetaryneedsandhappinessofwork.

D.safetycanbeachievedbymeetingbothourdesireandmonetaryneeds.

问题3选项

A.peoplestrugglebetweentheidealofworkandmonetaryneeds.

B.peopledonothaveasenseofmissionnowadaysbutfancyaboutmoney.

C.happinessandmoneycanbebothachievedduringworkinmostcases.

D.thedevelopmentofourcareerisdoomedtohappen.

问题4选项

A.expressgreatdissatisfactionatthejob.

B.takeanotherworkopportunity.

C.feeluncertainabouttherisk.

D.remainatthepreviousworkposition.

问题5选项

A.persuadepeopletochoosecareerstofulfillapurpose.

B.criticizethephenomenonofworkingformoney.

C.elaboratepeople’sattitudestowardswork.

D.illustratehowtoachievesafetyofworklife.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:段落大意题。“Manyofusarefearfulofmakingchangesinourworklives—fearisanaturalhumancondition.Wefeellessthreatenedwhenwestickwiththefamiliar.”从这句话我们可以得出正确答案为B，说的是人们为了逃避那些改变，会倾向于坚持与我们熟悉的事物相处，因此B正确当选。

第2题:句意理解题。我们可以定位到原文的第二段第二句，“Itoftendeniesustheopportunitytoexperienceworkthatmakesushappy,thatisconsistentwithourdesireswhilestillmeetingourmonetaryneeds.”意思就是“它经常剥夺我们体验能使我们快乐的工作的机会，这样的工作既符合我们的欲望，又能满足我们的金钱需求”，也就是说我们认为的安全网就是用快乐来换钱（工作），也就是C项的意思，牺牲金钱和快乐之间的平衡，C当选。

第3题:细节推断题。“当我们把工作仅仅看作是经济上的平衡时，我们就会滋生犬儒主义，这是我们为了获得生活所需而忍受的必要条件”，这一句就暗示了A选项，说的是人们一直挣扎在理想的工作和金钱的需求中，第三段也给出了这一观点的详细阐述，A正确。

第4题:细节推断题。根据题干定位到第四段，倒数第二句“Butdespitethisuncertainty,someofusstillclingtoourjobs,dissatisfyingastheymaybe.Can’ttakethatrisk!”，意为：但尽管存在这种不确定性，我们中的一些人仍然坚持工作，尽管工作可能并不令人满意。我不能冒这个险！告诉了我们就算是有这种不确定性，我们也不愿意改变自己的工作，答案为D。

第5题:作者意图题。题干问作者写这篇文章的意图何在，我们需要纵观全文回答，其实问的也就是文章的主旨大意，A项不对，文章只是建议人们可以去做自己热爱的事业，而不是一定要达到一个目标；B项也不对，作者是同意人们为了钱而工作的，只是希望人们能有工作又快乐；C项是全文的主要论述对象，全文就是在讲人们对于工作的态度如何，当选；D项无关项。答案为C。

7.不定项选择题

MostAmericansbelievethatoursocietyofconsumption-happy,fun-living,jet-travelingpeoplecreatesthegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumber.Contrarytothisview,Ibelievethatourpresentwayoflifeleadstoincreasinganxiety,helplessnessand,eventually,tothedisintegrationofourculture.Irefusetoidentifyfunwithpleasure,excitementwithjoy,businesswithhappiness,orthefaceless,buck-passing“organizationman”withanindependentindividual.

Fromthiscriticalviewourratesofalcoholism,suicideanddivorce,aswellasjuveniledelinquency,gangrule,actsofviolenceandindifferencetolife,arecharacteristicsymptomsofour“pathologyofnormalcy”.Itmaybearguedthatallthesepathologicalphenomenaexistbecausewehavenotyetreachedouraim,thatofanaffluentsociety.Itistrue,wearestillfarfrombeinganaffluentsociety.Butthematerialprogressmadeinthelastdecadesallowsustohopethatoursystemmighteventuallyproduceamateriallyaffluentsociety.Yetwillwebehappierthen?TheexampleofSweden,oneofthemostprosperous,democraticandpeacefulEuropeancountries,isnotveryencouraging:Sweden,asisoftenpointedout,inspiteofallitsmaterialsecurityhasamongthehighestalcoholismandsuicideratesinEurope,whileamuchpoorercountrylikeIrelandranksamongthelowestintheserespects.Coulditbethatourdreamthatmaterialwelfareperseleadstohappinessisjustapipedream?

Certainlythehumanistthinkersoftheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,whoareourideologicalancestors,thoughtthatthegoaloflifewasthefullunfoldingofaperson’spotentialities,whatmatteredtothemwasthepersonwhoismuch,nottheonewhohasmuchorusesmuch.Forthemeconomicproductionwasameanstotheunfoldingofman,notanend.Itseemsthattodaythemeanshavebecomeends,thatnotonly“Godisdead”asNietzschesaidinthenineteenthcentury,butalsomanisdead;thatwhatisalivearetheorganizations,themachines;andthatmanhasbecometheirslaveratherthanbeingtheirmaster.

Eachsocietycreatesitsowntypeofpersonalitybyitswayofbringingupchildreninthefamily,byitssystemofeducation,byitseffectivevalues(thatisthosevaluesthatarerewardedratherthanonlypreached).Everysocietycreatesthetypeof“socialcharacter”whichisneededforitsproperfunctioning.Itformsmenwhowanttodowhattheyhavetodo.Whatkindofmendoesourlarge-scale,bureaucratizedindustrialismneed?

Itneedsmenwhocooperatesmoothlyinlargegroups,whowanttoconsumemoreandmore,andwhosetastesarestandardizedandcanbeeasilyinfluencedandanticipated.Itneedsmenwhofeelfreeandindependent,yetwhoarewillingtobecommanded,todowhatisexpected,tofitintothesocialmachinewithoutfriction;menwhocanbeguidedwithoutforce,ledwithoutleaders,promptedwithoutanaimexcepttheaimtobeonthemove,tofunction,togoahead.

1.TheauthorusestheexampleofSwedeninthesecondparagraphtoshowthat（）.

2.Comparedwiththinkersofthe18thand19thcenturies,peopletoday（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthe3rdparagraphthat（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,whichtypeofindividualmightbemostwelcomeintoday’ssociety?

5.Theauthorwritesthisarticleto（）.

问题1选项

A.anaffluentsocietywillbefreefromthosepathologicalphenomena

B.SwedenisabettersocietythananyotherinEurope

C.aprosperouscountrywillhavehigheralcoholismandsuicideratesthanapoorcountry

D.happinesshasnothingtodowithmaterialwelfare

问题2选项

A.aremoreconcernedabouthowtobringintofullplaypeople’spotentials

B.carelessaboutthematerialthingsoflifethanaboutthespiritualthings

C.regardmaterialthingsthemostimportantinlife

D.haveabsolutecontroloftheworld

问题3选项

A.theauthorstronglyopposeseconomicproduction

B.theauthorisinfavoroftheideologyofthethinkersofthe18thand19thcenturies

C.theauthorisfollowerofNietzsche

D.theauthorthinksthatprioritiesshouldbegiventoeconomicproduction

问题4选项

A.Peoplewhoarerebellious.

B.Peoplewhohavetheorganizingability.

C.Peoplewhoareconformists.

D.Peoplewhocanoperatemachinesproperly.

问题5选项

A.describe

B.inform

C.narrate

D.comment

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第二段第六句“TheexampleofSweden,oneofthemostprosperous,democraticandpeacefulEuropeancountries,isnotveryencouraging…瑞典是欧洲最繁荣、民主、和平的国家之一，它的例子并不令人鼓舞……”可知D项“幸福与物质享受无关”与原文相符。A项“一个富裕的社会将不会有这些病态现象”，原文并没有相关表达；B项“瑞典是一个比欧洲其他任何国家都更好的社会”，原文并没有相关表达；C项“一个繁荣的国家会比一个贫穷的国家有更高的酗酒率和自杀率”，原文并没有相关表达。因此D选项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第三段第三句“Itseemsthattodaythemeanshavebecomeends...如今，这个手段似乎已经变成了目的……”可知C项“视物质为生命中最重要的东西”与原文相符。A项“更关心如何充分发挥人的潜力”，原文并没有相关表达；B项“更关心精神上的事，而不是物质上的事”，原文并没有相关表达；D项“绝对控制世界”，原文并没有相关表达。因此C选项正确。

第3题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第三段第三句“Itseemsthattodaythemeanshavebecomeends...thatwhatisalivearetheorganizations,themachines;andthatmanhasbecometheirslaveratherthanbeingtheirmaster.如今，这个手段似乎已经变成了目的……似乎活着的是组织机构和机器；似乎人类已变成了它们的奴隶，而不是主人。”可知B项“作者赞成18、19世纪思想家的思想”与原文相符。A项“作者强烈反对经济生产”，原文并没有相关表达；C项“作者是尼采的追随者”，原文并没有相关表达；D项“作者认为应该优先考虑经济生产”，原文并没有相关表达。因此B选项正确。

第4题:细节事实题。由题干定位到文章最后一段第二句“Itneedsmenwhofeelfreeandindependent,yetwhoarewillingtobecommanded,todowhatisexpected...它需要感觉自由和独立的人，但他们愿意被命令，去做所期望的事……”可知C项“墨守成规的人”正确。A项“叛逆的人”；B项“有组织能力的人”；D项“能够正确操作机械的人”，均不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

第5题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第一段第二句“Contrarytothisview,Ibelievethatourpresentwayoflifeleadstoincreasinganxiety,helplessnessand,eventually,tothedisintegrationofourculture.与这种观点相反，我认为我们目前的生活方式导致越来越多的焦虑和无助，并最终导致我们文化的解体。”以及最后一段中“Itneedsmenwhofeelfreeandindependent,yetwhoarewillingtobecommanded,todowhatisexpected…它需要感觉自由和独立的人，但他们愿意被命令，去做所期望的事……”可知这篇文章属于评论文章，由此知D项“发表评论”正确。A项“描述”；B项“告知”；C项“叙述”，均不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

______elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.

问题1选项

A.Cultivated

B.Regulated

C.Civil

D.Tame

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Cultivated用于耕作的；有教养的B.Regulated调节的

C.Civil国民的；平民的D.Tame养驯的，驯服的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】按照句意“______的大象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气”可知，野象脾气不稳定，而驯服的大象会更温顺，所以空格处表示“驯服的”符合句意，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】驯象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气。

9.单选题

Waterentersintoagreatvarietyofchemicalreactions,（

）havebeenmentionedin

previouspages.

问题1选项

A.afewofit

B.afewofthat

C.afewofthem

D.afewofwhich

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句的用法。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是chemicalreactions,所以应该用which引导。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

In1914,anapparentlyinsignificanteventinaremotepanofEasternEurope_______Europeintoagreatwar.

问题1选项

A.pitched

B.imposed

C.inserted

D.plunged

【答案】D

【解析】pitched倾斜;投掷;imposed强加的;inserted插入;plunged投入,陷入。句意：1914年,东欧一个偏远地区发生的一件显然无关紧要的事件使欧洲陷入了一场大战。选项D符合句意。

11.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

采取一切有效措施扫清“黄毒”，依法处理相关违法人员。

劳教制度废止后，未触犯刑法的违法者，将由社区采取措施进行矫正。

醉酒驾驶机动车的行为，要追究法律责任。

中国渔政船频繁开赴钓鱼岛，维护国家的合法权益。

打击网络犯罪，保护人民生命和财产安全。

依法行政是实现“中国梦”的根本性制度保障。

【答案】Takealleffectivemeasurestoclearawaythepornographyanddrugsanddealwiththerelevantpersonswhobreaklawsinaccordancewiththelaw.

Aftertheabolishmentofthesystemofreeducationthroughlabor,thecommunitywilltakemeasurestocorrectthelawbreakerswhodonotviolatethecriminallaw.

Todriveamotorvehicleaftergettingdrunkshallbeinvestigatedforlegalresponsibility.

ChinesefisheryadministrationvesselsfrequentlysetoutforDiaoyuislandstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofourcountry.

Crackdownnetworkcrimeandprotectpeople'slivesandproperty.

Toadministerourgovernmentaccordingtolawisanessentialinstitutionalguaranteeforrealizingthe"Chinesedream".

12.单选题

Onlyapersonwithapairofkeeneyescouldpickoutthose（）paintingsfromtheseunwantedmaterials.

问题1选项

A.valueless

B.worthless

C.priceless

D.featureless

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。valueless微不足道的;worthless一文不值的;priceless无价的,贵重的;featureless无特色的。句意：只有一双敏锐的眼睛才能从这些多余的材料中找出那些无价的画。选项C符合句意。

13.单选题

Toimpressafutureemployer,oneshoulddressneatly,be（）,anddisplayinterestinthejob.

问题1选项

A.swift

B.instant

C.timely

D.punctual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项swift“迅速的；敏捷的”；B选项instant“立即的；紧迫的”；C选项timely“及时的；适时的”；D选项punctual“准时的；守时的”。句意：为了给未来的雇主留下印象，职员应该穿戴整洁，……，显示对工作的兴趣。目的是impressafutureemployer“给未来雇主留下好的印象”，应该要dressneatly“穿戴整洁”，bepunctual“守时的”，而且显示出对这份工作的兴趣。就像是一场面试，最重要的还是要守时。因此D选项符合题意。

14.问答题

ThereisextraordinaryexposureintheUnitedStatestotheriskofinjuryanddeathfrommotorvehicleaccidents.Morethan80percentofallhouseholdsownpassengercarsorlighttrucksandeachoftheseisdrivenanaverageofmorethan11,000mileseachyear.Almostone-halfoffatallyinjureddrivershaveabloodalcoholconcentration(BAC)of0.1percentorhigher.Fortheaverageadult,overfiveouncesof80proofspiritswouldhavetobeconsumedoverashortperiodoftimetoattaintheselevels.Athirdofdriverswhohavebeendrinking,butfewerthan4percentofalldrivers,demonstratetheselevels.Althoughlessthan1percentofdriverswithBAC'sof0.1percentormoreareinvolvedinfatalcrashes,theprobabilityoftheirinvolvementis27timeshigherthanforthosewithoutalcoholintheirblood.

Thereareanumberofdifferentapproachestoreducinginjuriesinwhichintoxicationplaysarole.Basedontheobservationthatexcessiveconsumptioncorrelateswiththetotalalcoholconsumptionofacountry'spopulation,ithasbeensuggestedthathighertaxesonalcoholwouldreduceboth.Whiletheheaviestdrinkerswouldbetaxedthemost,anyonewhodrinksatallwouldbepenalizedbythisapproach.

Tomakedrinkinganddrivingacriminaloffenseisanapproachdirectedonlyatintoxicateddrivers.Insomestates,thelawempowerspolicetorequestbreathtestofdriverscitedforanytrafficoffenseandelevatedBACcanbethebasisforeveryarrest.TheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationestimates,however,thatevenwithincreasedarrests,thereareabout700violationsforeveryarrest.Atthislevelthereislittleevidencethatlawsserveasdeterrentstodrinkingwhileintoxicated.InBritain,motorvehiclefatalitiesfell25percentimmediatelyfollowingimplementationoftheRoadSafetyActin1967.AsBritishersincreasinglyrecognizedthattheycoulddrinkandnottobestopped,theeffectivenessdeclined,althoughinthefollowingthreeyearsthefatalityrateseldomreachedthatobservedinthesevenyearspriortotheAct.

【答案】IntheUnitedStates,peopletakeaveryhighriskofmotorvehicleaccidentcasualties.Almostone-halfdeadlyaccidentscausedbyexcessivedrinking.Andonethirdofdriverswhohavebeendrinking,butfewerthan4percentofalldrivers,reached0.1%orhigher.Althoughonlyfewoftheminvolvedinfatalcrashes,theprobabilityoftheirinvolvementis27timeshigherthanforthosewithoutalcoholintheirblood.

Therearemanydifferentwaystoreducetheinjuriesofintoxication.Someonesuggestsraisingtaxesonalcohol.Theheaviestdrinkerswouldbetaxedthemost,anyonewhodrinksatallwouldbepenalized.

Tomakedrinkinganddrivingacriminaloffenseisanapproachdirectedonlyatintoxicateddrivers.However,thelawhardlythreatendrinkingwhileintoxicated.Insomestates,thelawempowerspolicetorequestbreathtestofdriverscitedforanytrafficoffenseandelevatedBACcanbethebasisforeveryarrest.Evenso,withincreasedarrests,therearestillabout700violationsforeveryarrest.

15.单选题

SheisoneofthefewpeoplehereIcanunderstandproperly,shepronouncesallherwordsso_______.

问题1选项

A.exactly

B.distinctly

C.distinctively

D.distinguishably

【答案】B

【解析】exactly精确地；distinctly明显地，清晰地；distinctively特殊地；distinguishably可区别地，辨认得出。句意：她是我能听懂的为数不多的几个人之一，她把所有的字都读得很清楚。

由题意可知，作者强调此人发音清晰，故选B。

16.单选题

AfricaandSouthAmericanaremovingawayfromeachotherasnewmaterialis（）intothefloorbetweenthem.

问题1选项

A.dejected

B.ejected

C.injected

D.projected

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项deject“使……沮丧；使……灰心”；B选项eject“喷射；驱逐，逐出”；C选项inject“注入；注射”；D选项project“计划；发射；放映”。句意：随着新材料被注入到非洲和南美之间的地板上，它们正在相互远离，因此C选项正确。

17.单选题

Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully______.

问题1选项

A.admitted

B.acknowledged

C.absorbed

D.considered

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项admit“承认，允许”，尤其指“不情愿地承认”，特别是一些与自己行为有关的不好的事情；B项acknowledge“承认，答谢”，通常指公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错；C项absorb“吸收，理解”，D项consider“认为，考虑”。根据关键词suggestion“建议”可知，空格部分表示“采纳，考虑”符合语境。句意：在这家工厂，建议往往要等上几个月才能被充分考虑。因此，该题选择D项正确。

18.单选题

Thetwofriendssatinacornerand（）awaytoeachotherabouttheweather.

问题1选项

A.talked

B.chatted

C.muttered

D.whispered

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。mutter咕哝，喃喃自语；whisper低声说；chataway意为闲谈，其他选项均不能和away搭配使用。

19.单选题

I'mworriedaboutwashingthatshirtincaseit（）.

问题1选项

A.decreases

B.contracts

C.constringes

D.shrinks

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项decrease“减少”，B项contract“收缩”，C项constringe“使收敛”，D项名词shrink“缩水”；句意：我不敢洗那件衬衫，怕它会缩水。因此D选项正确。

20.单选题

ThelargevillageinsouthernHunanwhereshewasbomandgrowupisinahillyareanotfarfromtheborderwithGuangdong.

问题1选项

A.insouthernHunan

B.growup

C.inahillyarea

D.borderwithGuangdong

E.没有问题

【答案】B

【解析】时态错误。grow改为grew。and表示并列，and前用的一般过去时was，后面也应该用一般过去时。

21.单选题

NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom（

）onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.

问题1选项

A.configuration

B.constitution

C.condemnation

D.contamination

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.configuration布局；结构B.constitution构成

C.condemnation谴责D.contamination污染

【答案】D

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】这里的ratherthan表示“而不是”的意思。句意为有机化学物来自……而不是来自火星上的真菌。根据句子逻辑，应该是有机化学物来自地球上的污染。D“污染”符合逻辑。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】现在，《科学》杂志上的一篇论文认为，岩石中的有机化学物质主要来自地球上的污染，而不是火星上的细菌。

22.单选题

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetime.Ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikewhatotherpeoplesay.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaught-towork,run,climb,whistle,orrideabicycle.Theycomparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.

Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim,orcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.

Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindawaytogettherightanswer.Let’sendthisnonsenseofgrades,examsandmarks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylean,thatis,howtomeasuretheirownunderstandingandhowtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewa