考研考博-英语-安徽绿海商务职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽绿海商务职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Youngpeoplearenot______tostandandlookatworksofart;theywantarttheycanparticipatein.

问题1选项

A.conservative

B.content

C.confident

D.generous

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。A选项conservative“保守的”；B选项content“满意的”；C选项confident“自信的”；D选项generous“慷慨的”。句意：年轻人不______站在那里观看艺术作品；他们想要的是可以参与的艺术。根据语境，这里指的是不想止步于观看艺术作品，而是想要参与其中，B选项content“满意的”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

2.写作题

Writeanessayof160一200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly;

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

【答案】Asisshownabove,inthemiddleofthepicturestandafatherandhisson,withhissonwearingthecostumeandtellinghisfatherthatmanystudentsconsiderthatsingingChineseoperaisnotinteresting,whilehisfathergivessomeencouragementtohisson,sayingthat“Thatisenoughaslongasyouloveit.”Simpleasthepictureis,thesymbolicmeaningisratherdeepandprofound.

Thispicturemayaimatillustratingtheimportanceofhavingadream.Againsttheunendingchallengesoflife,itisoftenthosewhostrugglewithanexplicitdreamregardlessofresistancethatcomeoutaswinners.Withapowerfuldream,wecanaccomplishgreatthings.Ourlifehasbeenfilledwithavariousexamplesoftheimportanceofhavingadream,withthefollowingonebeingtheforemost.Einstein,anextremelyeminentphysicist,hasmadegreatachievementsinnuclearenergy.Meanwhile,hefirmlybelievesitishisdreamthatdeterminethedirectionofhiseffortsandjudgement.Withouthisdream,hecouldnothavebecomeanincrediblysuccessfulphysicist.

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayconfidentlydrawtheconclusionthathavingadreamshouldbeadvocated.Everyoneissupposedtohaveourowndreamandsparesnoeffortstoachieveit.Weshallalsobearinmindthatonlybyvirtueofapowerfuldreamcanweovercomealldifficultiesandbeawardedwithsuccess.

【解析】如上图所示，画面中央站着一对父子，儿子穿着戏服，对父亲说，很多学生认为唱中国戏曲没意思，而父亲则给儿子一些鼓励，说“只要你喜欢就够了”。画面很简单，但它的象征意义是相当深远的。

这张图片旨在说明拥有梦想的重要性。面对生活中无休止的挑战，往往是那些不顾一切地为一个明确的梦想而奋斗的人最终成为赢家。拥有强大的梦想，我们就能完成伟大的事情。我们的生活中充满了各种各样的例子来说明拥有梦想的重要性，下面的例子是最重要的。爱因斯坦是一位非常杰出的物理学家，他在核能方面取得了巨大的成就。同时，他坚信正是他的梦想决定了他努力和判断的方向。如果没有梦想，他不可能成为一个非常成功的物理学家。

通过以上讨论，我们可以自信地得出这样的结论：拥有梦想应该被提倡。每个人都应该有自己的梦想，并不遗余力地去实现它。我们也要牢记，只有拥有强大的梦想，我们才能克服一切困难，获得成功。

3.单选题

Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientisttofittimeintohisviewoftheuniverse.PriortoEinsteinianphysics,therewasnotrulyadequateformulationoftherelationshipoftimetootherforcesintheuniverse,eventhoughsomeempiricalequationsincludedtimequantities.However,eventheEinsteinianformulationisnotperhapstotallyadequatetothejoboffittingtimeintotheproperrelationshipwiththeotherdimensions,astheyarecalled,ofspace.Theprimaryproblemarisesinrelationtothingswhichmightbegoingfasterthanthespeedoflight,orhaveotherstrangeproperties.

ExaminationoftheLorentz-Fitzgeraldformulasyieldstheinterestingspeculationthatifsomethingdidactuallyexceedthespeedoflightitwouldhaveitsmassexpressedasanimaginarynumberandwouldseemtobegoingbackwardsintime.Thebarriertoexceedingthespeedoflightisanapparentneedtohaveaninfinitequantityofmassmovedatexactlythespeedoflight.Ifthissituationcouldbeleapedoverinalargequantumjump-whichseemshighlyunlikelyformassesthatarelargeinnormalcircumstances-thentheothersidemaybeachievable.

Theideaofgoingbackwardsintimeisderivedfromtheexistenceofatimevectorthatisnegative,althoughjustwhatthismightmeantooursensesintheunlikelycircumstanceofourexperiencingthisstatecannotbeconjectured.Therehavebeen,infact,someobservationsofparticlechamberswhichhaveleadsomescientiststospeculatethataparticlecalledthetachyonmayexistwiththetans-lightpropertieswehavejustdiscussed.

Thedifficultiesofimaginingandcopingwiththesepotentialimplicationsofourmathematicalmodelspointsouttheimportanceofstudyingalternativemethodsofnotationforadvancedphysics.ProfessorZuckerkandl,inhisbookSoundandSymbol,hypothesizesthatitmightbebettertoexpresstherelationshipsfoundinquantummechanicsthroughtheuseofanotationderivedfrommusicalnotations.Tooversimplifygreatly,hearguesthatmusichasalwaysgivenparametersordimensions.Therefore,itmightbeamoreusefullanguageinwhichtoexpresstherelationshipsinphysicswheretimeagainhasaspecialroletoplay,andcannotbetreatedasjustanotherdimension.

Thepointofthis,oranyotheralternativetothecurrentmethodsofdescribingbasicphysicalprocesses,isthattimedoesnotappear-eitherbycommonexperienceorsophisticatedscientificunderstanding-tobethesamesortofdimensionorparameterasphysicaldimensions,andisdeservingofcompletelyspecialtreatment,inasystemofnotationdesignedtoaccomplishthatgoal.

Oneapproachwouldbetoconsidertimetobeafieldeffectgovernedbytheapplicationofenergytomass-thatistosay,bytheinteractionofdifferentformsofenergy,ifyouwishtokeepinmindtheequivalenceofmassandenergy.Themovementofanynormalsortofmassisboundtoproduceafieldeffectthatwecallpositivetime.Animaginarymasswouldproduceanegativetimefieldeffect.ThisisnotatvariancewithEinstein’stheories,sincethe“faster”agivenmassmovesthemoreenergywasappliedtoitandthegreaterwouldbethefieldeffect.ThetimeeffectspredictedbyEinsteinandconfirmedbyexperienceare,itseem,consonantwiththisconcept.

1.Thepassagesupportstheinferencethat（）.

2.Thecentralideaofthepassagecanbebestdescribedasbeingwhichofthefollowing?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,itistoosoonto（）.

4.ItcanbeinferredthattheauthorseesZuckerkandlasbelievingthatmathematicsisa(n)（）.

5.Inthefirstsentence,theauthorrefersto“philosopher”aswellasto“scientist”because（）.

问题1选项

A.Einstein’stheoryofrelativelyiswrong

B.timetravelisclearlypossible

C.tachyonsdonothavethesamesortofmassasanyotherparticles

D.itisimpossibletotravelatpreciselythespeedoflight

问题2选项

A.Newobservationsrequirethedevelopmentofnewtheoriesandnewmethodsofdescribingthenewtheories.

B.Einsteinianphysicscanbemuchimprovedoninitstreatmentoftachyons.

C.Zuckerkandl’stheoriesoftachyonformationarepreferabletoEinstein’s.

D.Anomaliesintheoreticalphysicsnotationpermitintriguinghypothesesandindicatetheneedforrefinednotationofthetimedimension.

问题3选项

A.callBeethovenaphysicist.

B.planfortimetravel.

C.adoptproposalssuchasZuckerkandl’s

D.attempttoimprovecurrentnotation.

问题4选项

A.difficultfieldofstudy.

B.language.

C.necessaryevil.

D.greathindrancetofullunderstanding.

问题5选项

A.thisispartofalargerwork.

B.thenatureoftimeisabasicquestioninphilosophyaswellasphysics.

C.physicistsgetDoctorofPhilosophydegrees.

D.thestudyofthemethodsofanyfieldisaphilosophicalquestion.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“Thebarriertoexceedingthespeedoflightisanapparentneedtohaveaninfinitequantityofmassmovedatexactlythespeedoflight.Ifthissituationcouldbeleapedoverinalargequantumjump-whichseemshighlyunlikely…”，可知超过光速的障碍显然是需要有一个无限大的质量以光速运动。如果这种情况可以通过一个巨大的量子跃迁来跨越——这似乎极不可能的。可判断出以光速运动是不可能的。选项D符合题意。

2.主旨题。文章第一段提到总是难以让时间符合科学家和哲学家的宇宙观，即使爱因斯坦的公式也不能完全解释其中的关系。如果存在超过光速的物质，它可能会落后于时间。下文继续提到了新的理论提出如何解决其中的问题，并且与爱因斯坦的理论并不矛盾。可判断出本文的中心思想是新的观察需要发展新的理论和描述新理论的新方法。选项A符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第三段，“Theideaofgoingbackwardsintimeisderivedfromtheexistenceofatimevectorthatisnegative,althoughjustwhatthismightmeantooursensesintheunlikelycircumstanceofourexperiencingthisstatecannotbeconjectured.”，可知时间倒流的概念来自于一个负的时间矢量的存在，尽管我们无法推测这对我们的感官意味着什么，当我们经历这种状态的不太可能的情况的时候，可知人们现阶段难以实现时间旅行。可推断出计划时间旅行还为时过早。选项B符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，“Therefore,itmightbeamoreusefullanguageinwhichtoexpresstherelationshipsinphysicswheretimeagainhasaspecialroletoplay,andcannotbetreatedasjustanotherdimension.”，可知他认为数学可能是一种更有用的语言，用来表达物理中的关系，在物理中，时间再次扮演着特殊的角色，而不能仅仅被视为另一个维度。可推断出Zuckerkandl认为数学是一种语言。选项B符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章第一句，“Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientisttofittimeintohisviewoftheuniverse.”，可知对哲学家或科学家来说，要把时间融入宇宙观中一直是困难的。可推断出时间的本质是哲学和物理学中的一个基本问题。选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Towriteasummaryeffectively,youwillneedto—（）wordsforphrases,phrasesforsentences,andgeneralentrancesforlistsofdetails.

问题1选项

A.convert

B.complement

C.substitute

D.constitute

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。convert转换,使转变；complement补足，补助；substitute代替；constitute组成，构成。substitutefor代替。句意：为了写好一篇摘要，你需要用单词替代短语，用短语替代句子，用主旨替代细节。故C项正确。

5.单选题

Inmoderndays,onthewesternbankoftheupperTigrisRiverstandsanIraqicitycalledQal’atShartlat.Thousandsofyearsago,thisverysitewasoncethecapitalofagreatMesopotamianempire.Atthetime,theplacehadadifferentname.ItwascalledAshurorArrur.ThewordAshureventuallygaverisetotheteamAssyria,whichwasthenorthernpartofMesopotamia.PeoplelivinginthatregionlaterbecameknownastheAssyrians.

HistoriansoftendividethelonghistoryofAssyriaintothreeperiodseventhoughtheycannotreachaconsensusovertheexactdatesofeachera.ThethreeperiodswastheOldAssyrianPeriod(circa2000B.C.—1400B.C.),theMiddleAssyrianPeriod(circa1365B.C.—1100B.C.)andtheNeo-AssyrianEmpire(circa934B.C.—609B.C.).

ArchaeologicalevidenceshowedthatpeoplebegantosettleinAshurasearlyas2500B.C.ButitdidnotattainanypoliticalsignificanceuntilthethirddynastyofUrcollapsedin2004B.C.Afterthatfiasco,theAssyrianstransformedtheAshurintoabustlingcommercialcenter,controllingtraderoutestoandfromAnatolia.In1813B.C.,thefirstgreatAssyrianking,Shamshi-AdadI,ascendedthethroneandbeganaseriesofmilitaryexpansions.Attheheightofhisreign,hiskingdomownedtheentirenorthernMesopotamia.Itsgrowinginfluencegaveitsneighborplentyofreasonstobewary.WhilethingsweregoingsplendidlyforthisAssyrianupstart,Shamshi-Adadpassedawayin1791B.C.Soonafterhisdeath,thekingdombegantofallapart.KnowingthattheShamshi-Adad5sempirewasonthevergeofcollapse,Hammurabiofthe1stdynastyofBabylonjumpedatthechanceandinvadednorthernMesopotamia.HeconqueredAshurin1760B.C.Fromthatpointontothemiddleof1300sB.C.,Assyriawasreducedtoamerevassalstate.Atfirst,ithadtoanswertothe1stdynastyofBabylon.Afterthatempirewaseradicated,itturnedtosubmittoaHumankingdomcalledMitanni.Itwasnotuntil1365B.C.thatAssyria,thenruledbyAshur-uballitI,wasabletoregainitsindependence.Forthenextcouplehundredyears,Assyriagrewincreasinglypowerful.IteventuallydefeatedBabyloniaandevenoccupiedEgypt.

1.Accordingtothearticle,theAssyrianlivedinpartofmodern-day（）.

2.Accordingtothehistorians,thehistoryofAssyriahaslastedforabout（）.

3.ItwasduringthereignofShamshi-AdadI,thefirstgreatAssyrianKing,whentheAssyrians（）.

4.DuringthereignofShamshi-AdadI,theneighboringcountriesofAssyrianEmpire（）.

5.Inhistory,theAssyrianswereonceverypowerful,andtheyevenoccupied（）atonestage.

问题1选项

A.Egypt

B.India

C.China

D.Iraq

问题2选项

A.4,000years

B.3,800years

C.3,100years

D.1,400years

问题3选项

A.begantoexpandtheirempirewithmilitaryforces

B.begantoopennewtraderoutes

C.begantoencouragecommercialactivities

D.begantoestablishdiplomaticrelationswithothercountries

问题4选项

A.allshowedtheirrespect

B.alladmiredtheachievementsofShamshi-AdadI

C.allbecamevigilantandanxious

D.allpaidtributetoShamshi-AdadI

问题5选项

A.India

B.Russia

C.Egypt

D.Greece

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段的内容可知，Assyrian生活在几千年前被称为Ashur或Arrur的地方。现在这个地方名为Qal’atShartlat，是一座伊拉克的城市。所以选项D正确。

2.信息归纳题。根据第二段的内容可知，历史学家将亚述历史划分为三个时期，分别持续了600年、265年、325年，一共是大约1400年的历史。选项D正确。

3.事实细节题。根据第三段第四句“In1813B.C.,thefirstgreatAssyrianking,Shamshi-AdadI,ascendedthethroneandbeganaseriesofmilitaryexpansions.”选项A符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据第三段“Itsgrowinginfluencegaveitsneighborplentyofreasonstobewary.”其日益增长的影响力使其邻国有充足的理由保持警惕。选项C符合原文。

5.事实细节题。根据最后一段最后一句“IteventuallydefeatedBabyloniaandevenoccupiedEgypt.”它最终打败了巴比伦王国，甚至占领了埃及。选项C正确。

6.单选题

ThetwomostobviouschangesinAmericaneconomyaretheemergenceofahighlysophisticatedtechnologyandtheriseofgiantcorporations.Inaddition,marketforceshavelostsomeoftheirsignificanceasplanninghasbecomemoreimportant.Thegovernmenthasassumedagreatlychangedroleintheeconomy.Propertyrelationshipsanddecision-makingpowerhaveshifted.Thedemandforhighlyeducatedspecialistshasincreasedenormously.

WemaythinkoftheAmericaneconomy,asconsistingoftwocompletelydifferentsectors.Theworldofthegiantcorporations,whichcanbecalledthe“industrialsystem”,consistsof500or600firmsthatprovide“nearlyallcommunications,nearlyallproductionanddistributionofelectricpower,muchtransportation,mostmanufacturingandmining,asubstantialshareofretailtrade,andaconsiderableamountofentertainment”.Outsideofthisindustrialsystemfallmostagriculturalenterprises,someminingandtrucking,professionalandartisticpursuits,someretailtrade,andmostpersonalanddomesticservices.

Theclassicaleconomiclawsofsupplyanddemandstillapplytosomedegree.Buttodaytheindustrialsectorischaracterizedfarmorebyplanningandcertaintythanbythefreeplayofmarketforces.Itappearsthatitcouldscarcelybeotherwise.Inlargecorporationswithadvancedtechnologicalsystemsandcomplexorganizationsofhighlytrainedspecialists,plansforproducinganyoneitemaremadewellinadvance.Suchplans,oncemade,arehardtochange.Becauselong-termplanningdemandscertainty,marketforcesareavoidedbyvariousmeans.Forexample,thecorporationmayachieve“verticalintegration”bybuyingcompaniesthatsupplyrawmaterialsatoneendoftheprocessanddistributionoutletsattheother.Corporationsmayagreeon“justprices”forthingstheybuyandsell.Theymayentermutuallyadvantageouslong-termcontractswithsuppliersandcustomers.Moreover,intheirquestforcertaintytheygenerallyhavethesupportofthestate.

1.TheAmericangiantcorporationspossesssomanynewcharacteristicsthat______.

2.Bythesecondparagraph,weknowthat______.

3.Fromthewholepassage,wecaninferthatAmericaneconomy______.

4.Inthethirdsentenceoflastparagraph,thesecond“it”mayreferto______.

5.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.highlyeducatedmanagersareimportantforthecorporations

B.giantcorporationsbecomedecentralized

C.economiclawsofthemarketareeffectiveinsidecorporations

D.headsofthegiantcorporationstrytocontrolthegovernment

问题2选项

A.retailtradeaccountsforabigpartinnon-industrialsystem

B.therearemoregiantcorporationsthanagriculturalenterprises

C.giantcorporationscontroleverypartofAmericaneconomy

D.giantcorporationsprovidemostofproductionsandservices

问题3选项

A.isexperiencingtheriseofgiantcorporations

B.isdeterminedbyhundredsofgiantcorporations

C.hasfailedtobalancesupplyanddemand

D.becomeshighly-plannedone

问题4选项

A.classiceconomiclawofsupplyanddemand

B.industrialsector

C.Americaneconomy

D.marketforce

问题5选项

A.Americaneconomyischaracterizedbyhightechnologyandgiantcorporations.

B.Americaneconomyconsistsofindustrialsystemsandagriculturalenterprises.

C.Marketeconomyisgraduallyreplacedbyplannedeconomy.

D.Highlytrainedspecialistsareneeded.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Thedemandforhighlyeducatedspecialistshasincreasedenormously.（对受过高等教育的专家的需求大大增加了。），说明美国巨型公司的新特点导致了对受过高等教育的专家需求增加。因此A选项“受过高等教育的管理者对公司很重要”正确。B选项“巨型企业变得分权化”，C选项“市场的经济规律在企业内部是有效的”，D选项“巨型企业的负责人试图控制政府”在文中均没有提及，所以B,C,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第二句Theworldofthegiantcorporations,whichcanbecalledthe“industrialsystem”,consistsof500or600firmsthatprovide“nearlyallcommunications,nearlyallproductionanddistributionofelectricpower,muchtransportation,mostmanufacturingandmining,asubstantialshareofretailtrade,andaconsiderableamountofentertainment”.（巨型企业的世界，可以称为“工业系统”，包括500到600家提供“几乎所有通信，几乎所有的生产和分配电力，交通，大多数的制造业和采矿业，零售贸易的很大一部分，和大量的娱乐”的公司。），说明大部分的生产和服务是由巨型企业提供的。因此D选项“巨型企业提供了大部分的生产和服务”正确。A选项“零售业在非工业体系中占了很大比重”，由原文可知，零售贸易占了工业系统的很大一部分，所以A错误。B选项“巨型企业比农业企业多”，原文没有比较两者数量的多少，所以B错误。C选项“巨型企业控制着美国经济的各个部分”，美国经济除了巨型企业还有非工业系统部分，所以C错误。

3.推理判断题。文章第一段说到美国经济的变化之一是巨型企业的崛起，接着第二段介绍了巨型企业提供的生产和服务，最后第三段说到巨型企业的计划性和确定性，可以推断出美国经济是由巨型公司决定的。因此B选项“由数以百计的巨型公司决定”正确。A选项“正经历着巨头企业的崛起”，由原文可知，巨型企业已经崛起了，所以A错误。C选项“未能平衡供应和需求”，D选项“成为高度计划化的经济”在文中没有提及，所以C,D错误。

4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第三句Itappearsthatitcouldscarcelybeotherwise.（看来不可能有别的情况了。），由上下文可知，此处说的是美国经济中的计划性。因此C选项“美国经济”正确。A选项“经典的供给和需求的经济规律”，B选项“工业部门”，D选项“市场力量”均不符合题意，所以A,B,D错误。

5.客观细节题。A选项“美国经济的特点是高科技和巨型企业”，由原文ThetwomostobviouschangesinAmericaneconomyaretheemergenceofahighlysophisticatedtechnologyandtheriseofgiantcorporations.（美国经济最明显的两个变化是高度复杂技术的出现和大型企业的崛起。）可知A在文中出现，排除A。B选项“美国经济由工业体系和农业企业组成”，由原文WemaythinkoftheAmericaneconomy,asconsistingoftwocompletelydifferentsectors.Theworldofthegiantcorporations…Outsideofthisindustrialsystemfallmostagriculturalenterprises（我们可以把美国经济看作是由两个完全不同的部门组成的。巨型企业的世界……在这个工业系统之外的是大多数农业企业）可知B在文中出现，排除B。D选项“需要高度训练有素的专家”，由原文Thedemandforhighlyeducatedspecialistshasincreasedenormously.（对受过高等教育的专家的需求大大增加了。）可知D在文中出现，排除D。C选项“市场经济逐渐被计划经济所取代”，原文只说了美国经济中存在计划性，且十分重要，没有说计划经济取代了市场经济，因此本题选C。

7.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoEnglish.

自新中国成立以来，南京发生的巨大而深刻的变化令人欢欣鼓舞。从1949年4月23日开始，人民真正成为这座古老城市的主人。人民在自己的土地上辛勤劳作，把古城南京装扮得面貌一新，特别是近十几年，改革开放又给这座美丽的名城注入了新的活力，崭新的工作、通达的运输、如画的城市建设、兴盛的第三产业、多彩的文化生活，都使这个具有古都特色的现代化城市焕发出勃勃英姿。南京，这座古老而又年轻的历史文化名城，是多么可爱！

“儿时”的可爱是“无知”。那时侯，件件都是“知”，你每天可以做大科学家和大哲学家，每天在发现什么新的现象，新的真理。现在呢？什么都已经知道了，熟悉了，每个人的脸都已经看厌了。宇宙和社会是那么陈旧，无味，虽然它们其实比“儿时”新鲜得多了。我于是想念“儿时”，祷告“儿时'不能够前进的吋候，就愿意退后几步,替自己恢复己经走过的前途。请求“无知”回来，给我求知的快乐。

【答案】GreatandprofoundchangeshavetakenplaceinNanjingsincethefoundationofNewChina.ThecommonpeoplehavebecomethegenuinemastersofthisoldcitysinceApril23,1949.ThepeopleofNanjingwhohavebeenworkinghardontheirownlandhavegiventhisage-oldcityanewappearance.Especiallyforthepasttenyearsormore,China’sreformandopening-uppolicyhasbroughtmorefreshvigortothisbeautifulandfamouscity.Newjobs,efficienttransportationnetworksextendinginalldirections,picturesquecityconstruction,prosperoustertiaryindustriesandvariousandcolorfulculturallives,haveaddedcharmandvitalitytothismoderncitywhichretainssomehowthefeaturesofanancientcapital.HowlovelyNanjing—ahistoricandculturalcitywhichisoldandyoungis!

Thechildhood’slovelinessisignorant.Duringthatperiod,everythingwasnewtous,andeverydaywecouldbeagreatscientistorphilosopher;eachdaywediscoverednewphenomenaandnewtruths.Howaboutnow?Noweverythingisfamiliartous,butwe’retiredoflookingateverybody’sface.Theuniverseandsocietyaresooldandtasteless,althoughtheyaremuchfresherthanchildhood.ThenImissmychildhoodandprayforit.Whenwecannotadvanceanymore,weliketotakeafewstepsbacktorestorethefuturewehavepassed.Weaskforthereturnof“childishignorance”toletusre-experiencethejoyofknowledge-seeking.

8.翻译题

如果将保护地球的自然系统视作某种道德选择的话，就完全误解了当今人们所面临的危机。当前的挑战是关乎于人类社会的未来，而不是交给某些博爱慷慨的善心人士来做一些随意的慈善。并不是要保护自然免受人类的侵害，而是为了人类而保护自然——能让这样的观念深入人心才是改变思路的核心内容。要知道，我们正承受着自身所作所为带来的一系列后果。全世界都需要知道，一个健康的自然世界并不是某些偶然善举带来的，而是一系列重要物质资产的集合。

如果这样的观念能够产生实际的效果，那么保护自然并不只是环境上的挑战，而必须上升为经济上的挑战。只要有一天人类仍在自欺欺人——一面提倡保护环境，一面却又不顾对环境的损害而急于追求经济增长，那么取得实质性的进展仍会是一件遥遥无期的事情。

【答案】Toseethepreservationoftheplanet’snaturalsystemsasamoralchoiceistocompletelymisunderstandthecrisiswefacetoday.Thechallengenowisaboutthefutureofhumansociety,notaboutgivingrandomcharitytosomephilanthropic,generousperson.It’snotaboutprotectingnaturefromman,it’saboutprotectingnatureforman’ssake—andgettingthatideaintopeople’smindsisattheheartofthechangeinthinking.Youknow,we’relivingwiththeconsequencesofwhatwedo.Theworldneedstoknowthatahealthynaturalworldisnottheresultofsomerandomactofkindness,butofacollectionofimportantmaterialassets.

Ifsuchideasaretohaveanypracticaleffect,conservationofnaturemustbecomenotjustanenvironmentalchallenge,butaneconomicone.Aslongashumanbeingscontinuetodeceivethemselvesbyprotectingtheenvironmentwhilepursuingeconomicgrowthwithoutregardtoenvironmentaldamage,substantialprogresswillremainalongwayoff.

9.单选题

Thehotelwasafour-storeybuildingawayfromtheuniversitywheremostcompetitorswereaccommodated.

问题1选项

A.putup

B.putdown

C.putin

D.putover

【答案】A

【解析】accommodated在这里指容纳，安置。putup提供，建造，举起；putdown放下，镇压；putin提交，放入；putover推迟，驶过。选项A放在句中最为恰当，符合语境。

10.单选题

Whenoneofmyroommatesbrokehislegduringabasketballgame,thedoctorattheclinicsaidthathecouldn’tcureit,sowehadtotakehimtothehospitalfivekilometersfromhere.

问题1选项

A.brokehislegduring

B.attheclinic

C.couldn’tcureit

D.thehospitalfivekilometersfromhere.

E.没有问题

【答案】A

【解析】介词误用。During改成in。during表示“在…期间“，其强调动作的延续性，但brokehisleg是发生在某一特定时点的并无时间上持续性的动作。

11.单选题

Hehasbeenlefttosquirminamireofnewallegations.

问题1选项

A.quagmire

B.moraine

C.plumed

D.fragmire

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义名词辨析。A选项quagmire“沼泽，泥泞地；困境，尴尬的处境”；B选项moraine“冰碛石”；C选项plumed“（adj）有羽毛的；羽毛状的；用羽毛装饰的”；D选项fragmire无实际意义。句意：他陷入了新的指控的泥沼中。mire“泥潭；泥沼”，与该词意思最相近的是A选项，因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

______sherealizeditwastoolatetogohome.

问题1选项

A.Nosooneritgrewdarkthan

B.Hardlydiditgrowdarkthat

C.Scarcelyhaditgrowndarkthan

D.Itwasnotuntildarkthat

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查倒装句。句意：直到天黑，她才意识到太晚了，不能回家了。A、B、C选项意思为“一……就”；A选项nosooner…than置于句首，前面部分倒装；B选项hardly…when“”和C选项scarcely…when是固定搭配。D选项itisnotuntil…that“直到……才”用法正确。因此D选项正确。

13.单选题

Onthefatefulnightin1930whenthefirstGermanbombsfellonPoland,youngNinaNovak,oneofPoland'smostpromisingdancers,wasperformingintheOperaHouseinWarsaw.TwodayslatertheOperaHousewasdestroyedbybombs.Nina'swholelifehadbeendevotedtoballet:Nowherworldcollapsedaroundher.Inthedarkyearsthatfollowed,itseemedthatshewouldneverdanceagain,muchlessbecomeoneoftheworld'sleadingballerinas.ButNinahadcourageandadreamthatbeganwhenshewasveryyoung.

NinawasborninWarsawandspenttheearlyyearsofherchildhoodthere;HerfirstschoolteachernoticedlittleNina’sgraceandtoldhersheshouldstudydancing,Ninadelightedlyreportedtheteacher'swordsathome,buthermotherfoughttheidea,sayingthatnodaughterofherswasgoingtobeadancer.Nina,however,wasadeterminedchild.Shehadmadeuphermindtobeareallygreatballerinanomatterwhatthecost,andsheworkedtowardthisgoalwithherwholebeing.ShecoaxedandrageduntilhermotherfinallygaveinandletherenrollatthePolishOperaBalletSchool.

Herfirstappearanceonstagecamethreeyearslater,whenshewasallowedtodancethepartofaslavegirlintheoperaAida.Shortlyafterthis,Ninabecamearealprofessional,dancingfortwoyearsasprimaballerinaoftheChildren'sofWarsaw.

Whenshewasthirteen,shewastakenintothePolishOperaCompany.Shewastheyoungestdancerevertobecomeamemberofitscorpsdeballet.Thefollowingyear,shestartedoutwiththecompanyonalongEuropeantour.ShespenttwoexcitingyearsdancinginthecapitalsofEurope,andsherosefromherhumbleplaceinthecorpsdeballetallthewaytosoloist.

ShehadjustreturnedtoWarsawafterthistourwhenthePolishStateBalletwasinvitedtodanceattheWorld’sFarinNewYorkearlyin1929.ButwhileshewasdancinggailyinNewYork,warcloudsweredarkeningoverhernativecountry.NinahadbeenhomeforonlyamonthwhenHitlermarchedintoPoland.

TheinvadingGermansdecreedthatanyonewhodidnothaveajobwouldbesenttoaworkcamp.Atgreatrisk,NinarefusedtodanceatthelargetheaterthattheGermanshadtaken-over.InsteadshejoinedagroupofPolishdancersinasmall,ill-equippedtheaterwheretheygaveperformancesonlyfortheirowncountrymen.

ThedarkyearsofWorldWarIIworeon.Onebyone,themembersofNina'slargeandwealthyfamilywerearrestedandsenttoconcentration:camps.Heradoredolderbrotherwastakenfirst,thenherfather,thenNinaandherotherbrothersandsisters.Theywereseparatedandsenttodifferentcamps.Ninafranticallyaskedfornewsofherfamilyfromeachprisonerwhocametohercamp.Drearymonthdraggedbybeforethetragicnewsreachedherthatherbelovedbrotherhadbeenkilledfromanti-Naziactivities.Herfather,too,wasdead—ofstarvation.

Dazedwithgrief,shenolongercaredwhethershelivedordied.Sixmonthslater,whenliberatingtroopsarrivedandthrewopentheprisongates,shewassothinthatshecouldhardlywalk.

Barelyawarethatthewarwasover;Ninalistlesslybegantopickupthethreadsofherlife.Shewasreunitedwithwhatwasleftofherfamily,andtheytriedtomakesomesortoflifeforthemselvesinwar-tomPoland.Shebegantofeelvaguestirringsoftheold,familiardesiretodance,butshewasstilltoodepressedandweaktopractice.Heryoungerbrothertriedtoencourageher.Hebegantopracticewithher,andsoontheyhadbuiltupacharminglittledanceroutineoftheirown.TogethertheyfounddancingengagementsinmanyWarsawnightspots.ThefamilydecidedthatthebestfutureforNinaasadancerwasintheUnitedSates,andtheystartedsavingmoneyforhertomakethetrip.

NinaarrivedinNewYorkin1947—aslightgirlwhosetragicdarkeyesheldtheonlyhintoftheheartbreakshehadbeenthrough.ShesentaboutlearningtospeakEnglishandtookintensiveballetlessonstoretrainherstill-frailbody