考研考博-英语-安徽扬子职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽扬子职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thewealthofacountryshouldbe（

）thehealthandhappinessofitspeoplemeasuredaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

问题1选项

A.inlinewith

B.intermsof

C.inregardwith

D.bymeansof

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项inlinewith“跟……一致，符合”；B选项intermsof“根据”；C选项inregardof“关于……，至于……”；D选项bymeansof“用，依靠”。根据measured（判断）可知B选项符合语境。句意：衡量一个国家的财富要根据它的人民的健康和幸福，以及它可以提供的物质产品。

2.单选题

Tobe（）withyou,Ithinkyou’remakingadreadfulmistakebyrefusingtocooperate.

问题1选项

A.candid

B.pertinent

C.mild

D.vivid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项candid“坦白的”；B选项pertinent“相关的”；C选项mild“温和的”；D选项vivid“生动的”。句意：坦率地说，我认为你拒绝合作是犯了一个可怕的错误。本句表示坦白说。因此A选项正确。

3.不定项选择题

They’restillkids,andalthoughthere’salotthattheexpertsdon’tyetknowaboutthem,onethingtheydoagreeonisthatwhatkidsuseandexpectfromtheirworldhaschangedrapidly.Andit’sallbecauseoftechnology.

Tothepsychologists,sociologists,andgenerationalandmediaexpertswhostudythem,theirdigitalgearsetsthisnewgroupapart,evenfromtheirtech-savvy(懂技术的)Millennialelders.Theywanttobeconstantlyconnectedandavailableinawayeventheiroldersiblingsdon’tquiteget.Thesedifferencesmayappearslight,buttheysignalanall-encompassingsensibilitythatsomesaymarksthedawningofanewgeneration.

ThecontrastbetweenMillennialsandthisyoungergroupwassoevidenttopsychologistLarryRosenofCaliforniaStateUniversitythathehasdeclaredthebirthofanewgenerationinanewbook,Rewired:UnderstandingtheiGenerationandtheWayTheyLearn,outnextmonth.Rosensaysthetech-dominatedlifeexperienceofthosebornsincetheearly1990sissodifferentfromtheMillennialshewroteaboutinhis2007book,Me,MySpaceandI:ParentingtheNetGeneration,thattheywarrantthedistinctionofanewgeneration,whichhehasdubbedthe“iGeneration”.

“Thetechnologyistheeasiestwaytoseeit,butit’salsoamind-set,andthemind-setgoeswiththelittle‘I’,whichI’mtalkingtostandfor‘individualized’,”Rosensays.“Everythingisdefinedandindividualizedto‘me’.Mymusicchoicesaredefinedto‘me’.WhatIwatchonTVanyinstantisdefinedto‘me’.“HesaystheiGenerationincludestoday’steensandmiddle-schoolers,butit’stoosoontotellaboutelementary-schoolagesandyounger.

RosensaystheiGenerationbelievesanythingispossible.“Iftheycanthinkofit,somebodyprobablyhasorwillinventit,”hesays.“Theyexpectinnovation.”

Theyhavehighexpectationsthatwhatevertheywantorcanuse“willbeabletobetailoredtotheirownneedsandwishesanddesires.”

Rosensaysportabilityiskey.Theyareinseparablefromtheirwirelessdevices,whichallowthemtotextaswellastalk,sotheycanbeconstantlyconnected-eveninclass,wherecellphonesaresupposedlybanned.

Manyresearchersaretryingtodeterminewhethertechnologysomehowcausesthebrainsofyoungpeopletobewireddifferently.“Theyshouldbedistractedandshouldperformmorepoorlythantheydo,”Rosensays.“Butfindingsshowteenssurvivedistractionsmuchbetterthanwewouldpredictbytheirageandtheirbraindevelopment.”

Becausethesekidsaremoreimmersedandatyoungerages,Rosensays,theeducationalsystemhastochangesignificantly.

“Thegrowthcurveontheuseoftechnologywithchildrenisexponential,andweruntheriskofbeingoutofstepwiththisgenerationasfarashowtheylearnandhowtheythink,”Rosensays.

“Wehavetogivethemoptionsbecausetheywanttheirworldindividualized.”

1.ComparedwiththeirMillennialelders,theiGenerationkids______.

2.WhydidLarryRosennamethenewgenerationasiGeneration?

3.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheiGenerationaccordingtoRosen?

4.Rosen’sfindingssuggestthattechnology______.

5.Accordingtothepassage,educationhasto______.

问题1选项

A.communicatewithothersbyhigh-techmethodscontinually

B.prefertoliveavirtuallifethanarealone

C.areequippedwithmoremoderndigitaltechniques

D.knowmoreontechnologythantheirelders

问题2选项

A.Becausethisgenerationisfeaturedbytheuseofpersonalhightechdevices.

B.Becausethisgenerationstressesonanindividualizedstyleoflife.

C.Becauseitistheauthorhimselfwhohasdiscoveredthenewgeneration.

D.Becauseit’samind-setgenerationinsteadofanage-setone.

问题3选项

A.Thisgenerationiscrazyaboutinventingandcreatingnewthings.

B.Everythingmustbeadaptedtothepeculiarneedofthegeneration.

C.Thisgenerationcatchesupwiththedevelopmentoftechnology.

D.High-techsuchaswirelessdevicesgoeswiththegeneration.

问题4选项

A.hasanobviouseffectonthefunctionofiGeneration’sbraindevelopment

B.hasgreatlyaffectedtheiGeneration’sbehaviorsandacademicperformance

C.hasnosignificantlynegativeeffectoniGeneration’smentalandintellectualdevelopment

D.hascauseddistractionproblemsoniGenerationwhichaffecttheirdailyperformance

问题5选项

A.adaptitssystemtotheneedofthenewgeneration

B.usemoretechnologiestocaterfortheiGeneration

C.riskitssystemtocertainextentfortheiGeneration

D.beconductedonlineforiGeneration’sindividualizedneed

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.ComparedwiththeirMillennialelders,theiGenerationkids______.1.与他们千禧一代的长辈相比，自我的一代的孩子______。

A.communicatewithothersbyhigh-techmethodscontinuallyA.用高科技手段与他人持续沟通

B.prefertoliveavirtuallifethanarealoneB.比起真实的生活，更喜欢虚拟的生活

C.areequippedwithmoremoderndigitaltechniquesC.配备了更现代的数字技术

D.knowmoreontechnologythantheireldersD.比他们的长辈更懂科技

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段的内容“……他们的数字设备使这个新群体与众不同，甚至与精通技术的千禧一代的长辈们也不一样。他们想要以一种连他们的哥哥姐姐都不太了解的方式与别人保持联系。这些差异可能看起来微不足道，但它们标志着一种无所不包的感性，有人说这标志着新一代的到来。”从中可知，新一代，即第三段所指的“自我的一代”，与他们的千禧年一代的哥哥姐姐们相比，更愿意使用数字设备持续不断地与他人保持联系，也希望随时能让别人找得到他们；由此可推断，他们愿意通过高科技手段与他人随时保持联系，该题选择A项“用高科技手段与他人持续沟通”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B项“比起真实的生活，更喜欢虚拟的生活”没有提到，该项属于无中生有；

C项“配备了更现代的数字技术”中的moremodern在文中没有提及，该项也属于无中生有；

D项“比他们的长辈更懂技术”，原文提到tech-savvyMillennialelders（精通技术的千禧一代的长辈们）可知，千禧一代对技术也很精通，且原文并没有进行这方面的比较，该项属于曲解原文。

2.【选项释义】

2.WhydidLarryRosennamethenewgenerationasiGeneration?2.为什么拉里•罗森把新一代称为“自我的一代”？

A.Becausethisgenerationisfeaturedbytheuseofpersonalhightechdevices.A.因为这一代人的特点是使用个人高科技设备。

B.Becausethisgenerationstressesonanindividualizedstyleoflife.B.因为这一代人强调个性化的生活方式。

C.Becauseitistheauthorhimselfwhohasdiscoveredthenewgeneration.C.因为是作者自己发现了新一代。

D.Becauseit’samind-setgenerationinsteadofanage-setone.D.因为这是心态定势的一代，而不是年龄定势的一代。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第四段前两句“罗森说：技术是最容易看到它的方式，但它也是一种心态，这种心态与小的‘我’有关，我说的是‘个性化’。”“对‘我’来说，每件事都被定义和个性化。”，这里引述罗森介绍“自我的一代”的话，点明了这代人拥有的一种心态，这种心态随“小我”而变化，即“个性化”，这是“自我的一代”鲜明的特点，表现为每件事都为“我”而定制，或每件事都被赋予个性化特征；由此可见，这代人强调个性化的生活，因此该题选择B项“因为这一代人强调个性化的生活方式”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“因为这一代人的特点是使用个人高科技设备”中的personalhigh-techdevices（个人高科技设备）没有提到，该项属于无中生有；

C项“因为是作者自己发现了新一代”，根据第二段第一句“对于研究他们的心理学家、社会学家、代际和媒体专家来说……”可知，研究“自我的一代”的人不止罗森，还有很多其他的专家，该项属于曲解原文；

D项“因为这是心态定势的一代，而不是年龄定势的一代”，根据第三段第一句“加州州立大学的心理学家拉里•罗森认为，千禧一代和这一年轻群体（youngergroup）之间的对比是如此明显……”可知，“自我的一代”不仅是个性化的一代，也是年轻群体，所以该项属于反向干扰。

3.【选项释义】

3.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheiGenerationaccordingtoRosen?3.关于罗森所说的自我的一代，下列哪项是正确的？

A.Thisgenerationiscrazyaboutinventingandcreatingnewthings.A.这一代人热衷于发明和创造新事物。

B.Everythingmustbeadaptedtothepeculiarneedofthegeneration.B.一切都必须适应这一代的特殊需要。

C.Thisgenerationcatchesupwiththedevelopmentoftechnology.C.这一代人赶上了技术的发展。

D.High-techsuchaswirelessdevicesgoeswiththegeneration.D.无线设备等高科技产品是这一代人的产物。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据倒数第五段的内容“罗森说，便携式是关键。他们和他们的无线设备是分不开的，无线设备可以让他们发短信和聊天，所以他们可以一直保持联系，甚至在课堂上也是如此，而在课堂上手机应该是被禁止的。”可知，对这代人而言，他们离不开无线装备，那些东西可使他们发短信或聊天，可以时刻与他人保持联系，也就是说这一代人离不开无线高科技产品，D项“无线设备等高科技产品是这一代人的产物”符合原文，故该题选择D项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“这一代人热衷于发明和创造新事物”，原文倒数第七段最后一句提到“他们希望创新（Theyexpectinnovation）”可知，这一代人愿意创新，但该项中的crazy表达过度，该项属于过度推理；

B项“一切都必须适应这一代的特殊需要”没有提到，且该项表述很绝对，属于无中生有；

C项“这一代人赶上了技术的发展”没有提到，该项也属于无中生有。

4.【选项释义】

4.Rosen’sfindingssuggestthattechnology______.4.罗森的研究结果表明，技术______。

A.hasanobviouseffectonthefunctionofiGeneration’sbraindevelopmentA.对下一代大脑发育的功能有明显影响

B.hasgreatlyaffectedtheiGeneration’sbehaviorsandacademicperformanceB.极大地影响了一代的行为和学业表现

C.hasnosignificantlynegativeeffectoniGeneration’smentalandintellectualdevelopmentC.对自我的一代的心理和智力发展没有显著的负面影响

D.hascauseddistractionproblemsoniGenerationwhichaffecttheirdailyperformanceD.会对自我的一代造成干扰问题，影响他们的日常表现

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至原文倒数第四段“许多研究人员正在试图确定科技是否以某种方式导致年轻人的大脑连接不同。罗森说：他们应该被分散注意力，而且应该表现得比实际情况更差。但研究结果表明，青少年能更好地抵御干扰，比我们根据他们的年龄和大脑发育情况预测的要好得多。”从中可知，自我的一代本来应该受到科技的干扰，但研究结果表明这些孩子比我们通过年龄和大脑发育而做出的预测要有更强的抗干扰能力，由此可推断，科技并没有对他们的心智发展产生明显的负面影响，因此C项“对自我的一代的心理和智力发展没有显著的负面影响”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“对下一代大脑发育的功能有明显影响”、B项“极大地影响了一代的行为和学业表现”和D项“会对自我的一代造成干扰问题，影响他们的日常表现”都与原文相反，这三项属于反向干扰。

5.【选项释义】

5.Accordingtothepassage,educationhasto______.5.根据文章，教育必须______。

A.adaptitssystemtotheneedofthenewgenerationA.使其系统适应新一代的需要

B.usemoretechnologiestocaterfortheiGenerationB.使用更多的技术来迎合自我的一代

C.riskitssystemtocertainextentfortheiGenerationC.在一定程度上冒制度风险

D.beconductedonlineforiGeneration’sindividualizedneedD.在网上进行，以满足自我的一代的个性化需求

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据原文倒数第三段的内容“罗森说，因为这些孩子更专注于学习，而且年龄更小，所以教育体系必须做出重大改变”可知，由于这代孩子在年幼时便深浸于科技之中，那么教育制度也要随之进行显著改变；由此可推断，教育制度也应适应这代人，A项“使其系统适应新一代的需要”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B项“使用更多的技术来迎合自我的一代”和C项“在一定程度上冒制度风险”没有提到，这两项属于无中生有；

D项“在网上进行，以满足自我的一代的个性化需求”的后半部分在文中提到，但是beconductedonline（在网上进行）没有提到，该项属于曲解原文。

4.单选题

（

）,Dan'smotherhastoaskhimthreetimesbeforehehelpswiththedishes.

问题1选项

A.Aboutaverage

B.Onaverage

C.Aboveaverage

D.Ataverage

【答案】B

【解析】句意:Dan的妈妈平均要要求三次，他才会帮忙洗盘子。

考查短语辨析。onaverage平局;aboveaverage在一般水准以上;没有aboutaverage和ataverage这种搭配。

5.单选题

Ifyoureinstateold-fashionedvaluesaboutmoneyandwork,youcangiveyourchildrenapreciousgift:thekeytoself-sufficiency.

问题1选项

A.resolve

B.resort

C.redress

D.restore

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项resolve“决定；溶解；决心要做……”；B选项resort“求助；诉诸；采取某手段或方法（其一般需后接介词to）”；C选项redress“救济；赔偿；纠正”；D选项restore“恢复；修复；归还”。句意：如果你……旧式的金钱和工作价值观，你可以给你的孩子一份珍贵的礼物：自给自足的钥匙。根据后面的宾语old-fashionedvalues“老式的价值观”，If引导的虚拟句，根据后面的结果来看能够给孩子一份珍贵的礼物，保证自给自足。由此可知，这一旧式的金钱和工作价值观是可取的。所以需要将过时的事物重新拾起，进行运用。因此D选项符合题意。

6.单选题

toacclaimAasX:topraiseApubliclyandenthusiasticallyasX.

ananatomist:amedicalscientistwhocutsopendeadbodiestostudythemtocommissionX:toorderX(tobemadeorobtained)acorpse:adeadbodytodisinter:tounburygynecology:themedicalfielddealingwithwomen’sdiseasesahenchman:asupporterorassistantwillingtouseviolenceorcriminalmeansleukemia:bloodcancerlucrativeprofitableamidwife:apersontrainedtohelpwomengivebirth

obese:veryfatobstetrics:themedicalfieldthatdealswithpregnancyandthedeliveryofbabiespajamas:lightclothesforsleepinginapar:alevelapoorhouse:(historical)apublicshelterinwhichjoblesspoorpeoplewerefedinexchangeforworkapractitioner:someoneworksactivelyin(aprofession)proximity:nearnessaserialkiller:someonewhomurderanumberofpeopleinseparateincidentsSherlockHolmes:themostfamousdetectiveinEnglishliteratureaspree:aperiodofwildactivityunsavoury:dishonest,untrustworthyandprobablyinvolvedincrime

1.WilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliecommissionedaregularsupplyofcorpsessotheycouldstudythephysicaleffectsofpregnancy,arguesrespectedhistorianDonShelton.Thesemenaregiantsofmedicine,pioneersofthecarethatwomenreceiveduringchildbirthandwerethefoundingfathersofobstetrics.ThenamesofWilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliestillinspirerespectamongtoday’sdoctors,morethan250yearsaftertheymadetheircontributionstohealthcare,Suchweretheduo’sreputationsasoutstandingphysicianstheclientelesoftheirprivatepracticesincludedtherichandfamousofmid-18th-centruyLondon.

2.Butweretheyalsoserialkillers?NewresearchpublishedintheJOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(JRSM)claimsthattheywere.Adetailedhistoricalstudyaccusesthedoctorsofarrangingforthekillingofdozensofwomen,manyinthelaterstagesofpregnancy,todissecttheircorpses.“SmellieandHunterwereresponsibleforaseriesof18th^-century‘burking’murdersofpregnantwomen,withadeathtotalgreaterthanthecombinedmurderscommittedbyBurkeandHareandJacktheRipper”writesShelton.(“Burking”involvedmurderingpeopletoorder,usuallyformedicalresearch;toavoidtroublewiththelaw,itwasimportanttokillthevictimsinsuchawaythattheyseemedtohavediedofnaturalcauses.Theverb“toburke”isderivedfromthenameofWilliamBurke,anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments.)

3.AccordingtoShelton,HunterandSmelliewerebetweenthemresponsibleforthemurdersof-40pregnantwomenandtheirunbornchildren.Actingseparately,andusinghenchmentodeliver.Theirsupply,theyorganizedakillingspreeinLondonbetween1749and1755and,afteraperiodofinactivityenforcedbymountingsuspicionaboutthesourceofheircorpses,resumedbetween1764and1774.Motivatedbyego,personalrivalryandashareddesiretobenefitfrombeingacclaimedastheforemostchildbirthdoctorsoftheirtime,HunterandSmelliesacrificedlifeafterlifeintheirqueststostudypregnancy’sphysicaleffectsandtodevelopnewtechniques,theauthorsays.“Althoughitsoundsabsolutelyincredible,thecircumstantialliteraryevidencesuggeststheyweremostlikelycompetingwitheachotherinexperimentingwithsecretcaesareansectionsonconscious,orfreshlymurdered,victims,withaviewtoextractingandrevivingthebabies,”SheltontoldtheObserver.”

4.Sheltonexaminedthemen’sanatomicalatlases,containingdetailedimagesof

pregnantwomenwhohadbeenopenedup,andmedicalliteratureandthecausesofdeathinLondonatthetime.Glasgow’sHunterianmuseumandgalleryisnamedafterScottish-bornHunter,whoin1762becamephysiciantoQueenCharlotte,wifeofGeorgeIII,HehelpedhertodeliverthefuturekingGeorgeIV,Smellie,afellowScot,isnolessdistinguished,FromWitchcrafttoWisdom,atextbookonthehistoryofobstetricandgynaecologicalmedicine,hailshimas“thegreatestobstetricianinthehistoryofBritishobstetrics”.Hehasalsobeencalled“thefatherofBritishmidwifery”.

5.Shelton,though,regardstheduoasonaparwithBurkeandHare,whomurdered17citizensofEdinburghin1827and1828,sellingtheirremainstoalocalanatomist,TheLondonofHunterandSmellie’stimewasunhealthyandsemi-anarchic,andearlydeathfromdiseasewaswidespread,aswasgraverobbing.InhisJRSMpaper,Sheltonclaimstoprovethattherivaldoctorscouldnothaveobtainedtheirsupplyofcorpsesbyanyothermeansthanmurder.ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren,Thusthegraverobbersofthetimecouldnothavefulfilledtheobstetricians’needforsuchaspecifictypeoffemale,ConcludesShelton.

6.Eachusedanassistanttocommissionkillers,hesays,namingDrColinMackenzieasSmellie’saccompliceandJohnHunter-William’sbrother,whowasacelebratedanatomist—ashishelper.Youngwomenfromthecountrysidewereapparentlyfavouritetargetsinacitywhereplentyofpeople“disappeared”.“Thereisgreatsuspicionabouttheabundanceofundeliveredninth—monthcorpsesprocured,dissectedanddepictedintheanatomicalatlasesofSmellieandHunter,”writesShelton.“Theimpossibilityofsupplyfromrandomresurrections,takenwithacarefulanalysisofevents,andof18dl-centurymedicalliterature,showscompellingevidenceforburking,”By1755rumourswerecirculatingthatthewomeninSmellie’sjournalhadbeenmurdered,andassociatesbeganpressinghimontheirorigins.“AsaresultSmellieandHunterbothhaltedtheirresearch,bothpresumablyfearingtrialandexecution,”althoughHunter—whousedhislinkstopowerfulfamiliestoensurenoinvestigationwaseverundertaken—resumedorderingmurders,aboutonceayear,in1764,Sheltonadds.

7.AnthonyKenny,agynaecologistinLondonfor40yearsuntilhisretirementin2007,said:“Thesetwoguysaremyheroes.Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering.”KennyisnowthecuratorofthemuseumoftheRoyalCollegeofObstetriciansandGynaecologists.“Theywerethefirstproperobstetriciansinthecountrybecauseoftheirpioneeringworkpracticingwhatwasthenstillanewbranchofmedicine.”WhileKennydescribesShelton’spaperas“extremelyimpressive”initsresearch,hecannotbelievethathisheroeswereguiltyofsuchterriblecrimes.Thetradeincorpseswasverylucrativeandprobablyattractedunsavoury,unscrupulouscharacters,hepointedout.”Anditcouldbethattheydidn’tmakeproperinquiriesastotheoriginsofthebodies,andsomaynothaveknownthatthewomenweremurdered.

8.LudmillaJordanova,aprofessorofmodemhistoryatKing’sCollegeLondonwhospecializesinthehistoryofmedicine,saysShelton’sassertionthatHunterandSmelliecouldnothavecomeacrosssomanydeadpregnantwomenfromanyothersourceas“astrikingclaim,importantresearch...isrevealingthecomplexitiesofanatomicalactivitiesin18th—centuryLondon.Thisisanexcitingandcontroversialareaofhistoricalinvestigation.”WhileSheltonacknowledgesthattheideaofpioneeringmedicalresearchersresortingtoburkingisshocking.HelikestoquoteSherlockHolmes,“Whenyouhaveeliminatedtheimpossible,whateverremains,howeverimprobable,isthetruth.”

1.Accordingtotheinformationinparagraph2,WilliamBurke（

）

2.AccordingtoDonShelton,pregnantwomenin18thcenturyLondon（

）,

3.ThestrongestsupportforShelton’sthesiscomesfrom（

）.

4.Inparagraph6,thewordapparentlymeans（

）.

5.WhatSheltonwritesaboutthepioneeringgynecologistsHunterand

Smellie（

）.

问题1选项

A.wasahenchmanofHunterandSmellie

B.gavehisnametothepracticeofkillingpeoplewithoutleavinganysignsofmurder

C.isbelievedtohavekilledpeopleforhisownmedicalresearch

D.mademoneybykillingpeopletoprovidebodiesformedicalresearch

问题2选项

A.Generallywerenotverylikelytodieinthelastmonthofpregnancy

B.Seldomdiedsoonaftergivingbirth

C.wereaverysmallpartoftheoverallurbanpopulation

D.werequitenumerousinitsmanypoorhouses

问题3选项

A.thetestimonyofcontemporaryeyewitnesses

B.statisticsandprobability

C.policerecordsofthetime

D.literaryreportsoftheabundantviolenceandcrimein18thcenturyLondon

问题4选项

A.itisobviousthat

B.thereisnodoubtthat

C.itappearsthat

D.somepeopleassertthat

问题5选项

A.seemsquitepersuasivetoAnthonyKenny

B.appallsandhorrifiesAnthonyKenny

C.clearsthem,inAnthonyKenny’sopinion,ofanyguiltorblame.

D.SeemscompletelygroundlesstoAnthonyKenny

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。第二段对WilliamBurke进行了解释:anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments(爱尔兰人,1829年在恩丁堡被判杀人罪--出售尸体进行医学实验)。故选D。

2.细节事实题。第五段指出:ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren(这位历史学家说，母亲在临产前不久死亡或被谋杀是很罕见的，来自贫民区的人通常都是老人、不舒服或孩子)。故选A。

3.推理判断题。文章多出提到Shelton’s的理论来源。第二段提到JOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(皇家医学会杂志),后面又提到medicalliterature(医学文献)。故选D:18世纪伦敦大量暴力和犯罪的文学报道。

4.词义题。此处句意为:在一个很多人都“消失”了的城市里，来自农村的年轻妇女显然是最受欢迎的目标。

5.推理判断题。第七段:Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering(他们可能参与了谋杀目标的说法绝对令人震惊),后面也表达了他们难以置信的态度。故选B。

7.翻译题

Thenumberskeeprising,thesuperlativeskeepglowing.Eachyear,selectivecollegespromotetheirapplicationtotals,alongwiththevirtuesoftheirapplicants.

Forthisfairsfreshmanclass,thestatisticsreachedremarkablelevels.Stanfordreceivedarecord32,022applicationsfromstudentsitcalled’’simplyamazing”andaccepted7percentofthem.Brownsawanunprecedented30,135applicants,wholefttheadmissionsstaff"deeplyimpressedandattimesawed."Ninepercentwereadmitted.

ThebiggestboastcamefromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Inanewsrelease,UCLAsaiditsacceptedstudentshad"demonstratedexcellenceinallaspectsoftheirlives."Citingitsrecord57,670applications,theuniversityproclaimeditself"themostpopularcampusinthenation.”

Suchannouncementstellastoryinwhichcollegesgetbetter——andstudentsgetmoreamazing-everyyear.Inreality,thenarrativeisfarmorecomplex,andtheimplicationsfarlesssunnyforstudentsaswellascollegescaughtupinthecruelcycleofselectivity

ToSomedegree,theincreasesareinevitable:thecollege-boundpopulationgrown,andso,too,hasthenumberofapplicationsstudentsfile,thanksinparttoonlinetechnology.

Butwhereveritisrainingapplications,collegeshavehelpedseedthecloudsbyrecruitingwidelyandaggressivelyforevermoreapplicants.

Admissionsofficersarechasingnotsomuchamoreperfectstudentasamoreperfectclass.Inagivenyear,thiselusiveidealmightrequiremoreviolinists,goalies,aspiringengineersorstudentswhocanpaythefullcostofattendanceCollegeseverywherewantmoreminoritystudents,moreout-of-statestudentsandmorestudentsfromoverseas.

Thepursuitrevealsthedualityofthemodemcollege:it’saplacethatservesthepublicinterestandabusinesswithabottomline.

Althoughthetensionbetweenmissionandmarketinghaslongdefinedadmissions,manybelievethebalancehastiltedtoofartowardthelatter.ManycollegeshavemadeapplyingassimpleasupdatingaFacebookpage.Somedeansandguidancecounselorscomplainthatit’stooeasy.Theyquestiontheethicsofintenserecruitmentbycollegesthatrejecttheoverwhelmingmajorityofapplicants.

"It’slikeneedinganewstereoandbuyingthewholeRadioShack,saysMarkSpeer,directorofcollegecounselingattheColumbiaGrammarandPreparatorySchoolinNewYork."Withthesebiggerpools,collegesaregettingalotofstudentswhohavenochance."

FredHargadon,formerdeanofadmissionsatPrincetonandStanford,doubtsthatmoreandmoreapplicantsmakeforastrongerclass,

“Icouldn’tpickabetterclassoutof30000applicantsthanoutof15.000hesays,"I’djustenduprejectingmultiplesofthesamekid.”

【答案】斯坦福大学收到了创纪录的32,022份来自学生的申请，斯坦福称这些申请“简直太棒了”，并接受了其中7%的申请。

在现实中，故事要复杂得多，对于陷入残酷的选择性循环的学生和大学来说，其含义也远没有那么光明

但是，只要有大量的申请，大学就会通过广泛而积极地招收更多的申请者，为申请埋下伏笔。

这种追求揭示了现代大学的两面性:它是一个为公众利益服务的地方也是一个有底线的企业。

“在3万名申请者中，我找不到比15.000名更好的了,”他说道，我只是最终拒绝同样的孩子。

8.翻译题

什么是幸福？古今中外，很多人都对它作出过不少的论述。幸福是一种心境、一种感觉，是心里欲望得到满足时的状态，是感到生活有巨大乐趣并自然而然地希望它持续久远的愉快心情。有些人穷其一生却找不到幸福，而有些人则时刻被幸福光环所围绕。这是因为幸福的人有一颗感知幸福的心，有一双善于发现幸福的眼睛。对于这样的人，一切都显得美好。房后清风做琴，檐下雨露为弦，屋顶鸟啾如歌，天上月光当酒。幸福简单又深奥，玄妙又简洁。所以要想得到幸福就要有一种如水心态，在平淡中寻找幸福，在细微中品味幸福。幸福有时就是一个分式，欲望是分母，所得是分子。如果想得到更多的幸福，最好的方法莫过于减少分母，增加分子。

【答案】Whatishappiness?Manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussionaboutitatalltimes.Happinessisakindofmood,afeeling,astatewhendesiresintheheartissatisfied,orahappymoodwhichfeelsthegreatjoyoflifeandhopesthatitcanlastforalongtimenaturally.Somepeoplespendtheirentirelivesbutcannotfindhappiness,whileothersarealwayssurroundedbyit.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveaheartwhichcanperceivehappiness,andapairofeyeswhichisgWhatishappiness?Ancientandmodern,manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussiononit.Happinessisamood,afeeling,astateofmindinwhichthedesiresoftheheartaresatisfied,ajoyfulmoodinwhichonefeelsthatlifehasgreatpleasuresandnaturallywantsthemtolast.Somepeoplegothroughlifewithoutfindinghappiness,whileothersaresurroundedbyahaloofhappiness.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveahearttoperceivehappiness,andapairofeyesgoodatfindinghappiness.Fortheseperson,alliswell.Behindthehouse,windasalyre;undertheeaves,rainanddewasastring;ontheroof,birdstweetlikeasong;andinthesky,moonlightaswine.Happinessissimpleandprofound,mysteriousandconcise.Soifyouwanttogethappiness,youshouldhaveamentalitylikewater,lookingforhappinessintheplain,andtastinghappinessinthesubtle.Happinessissometimesafraction,desireisthedenominator,whilegainsisthenumerator.Ifyouwantmorehappiness,thebestwayistoreducethedenominatorandincreasethenumerator.

9.单选题

America’sCongresspassedahousingbillthatincludesmeasurestoshoreupFannieMaeandFreddieMac,twotroubledmortgagegiants.

问题1选项

A.censure

B.imprecate

C.upbraid

D.bolster

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项censure“严厉斥责，正式谴责”；B选项imprecate“诅咒；祈求”；C选项upbraid“责骂；训斥”；D选项bolster“支持，支撑；给（座位）加软垫；改善，巩固；增强，激励”。句意：美国国会通过了一项住房法案，其中包括支持房利美和房地美这两个陷入困境的抵押贷款巨头的措施。shoreup“支持，支撑；加固”。D选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Onlysovereignstatesareabletomaketreaties.

问题1选项

A.constitutional

B.powerful

C.legitimate

D.independent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项constitutionaladj.宪法的，本质的；B选项powerfuladj.强大的，有力的；C选项legitimateadj.合法的，正当的；D选项independentadj.独立的，单独的，无党派的。根据题意可知，只有主权独立的国家才能制定条约，因此本题选择D项。

11.单选题

Imustremember____Johnthatthegardenneedswatering.

问题1选项

A.reminded

B.reminding

C.toremind

D.toberemindedof

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.reminded提醒（过去分词）B.reminding提醒（现在分词）

C.toremind提醒（不定式）D.toberemindedof被提醒（不定式）

【答案】C

【考查点】非谓语动词

【解题思路】空格处前后语义为“我必须记得（remember）____约翰花园需要浇水”，选项的动词为“提醒”。根据语义，“提醒”的主语为“我”，应该使用主动语态；由花园需要浇水可知，这件事情还没有发生。Remembertodosth表示记得要做某事；rememberdoingsth表示记得做了某事。原句表达的是记得要做某事，所以应该使用Remembertodosth，C选项toremind“提醒（不定式）”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项reminded“提醒（过去分词）”，非谓语动词形式不符合要求；

B选项reminding“提醒（现在分词）”，非谓语动词形式不符合要求；

D选项toberemindedof“被提醒（不定式）”，语态不对。

【句意】我必须记得提醒约翰花园需要浇水。

12.单选题

Peopleunderstresshaveperformed（

）featsofstrengthlikeliftinganautomobileoffanaccidentvictim.

问题1选项

A.specific

B.extraordinary

C.abrupt

D.abnormal

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。extraordinary“不平常的；非凡的”;specific“特有的，特种的”；abrupt“突然的，意外的”；abnormal“不正常的，反常的”。句意：人们在有压力的情况下表现出非凡的力量，比如把一辆汽车从交通事故的受害者身上搬开。选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Hisfewpersonalbelongingsmadeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplace______.

问题1选项

A.withease

B.atease

C.i