考研考博-英语-安徽国际商务职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽国际商务职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

TheNuttyProfessorwaswrittenoffas（）,butinactuality,hewasasmartman!

问题1选项

A.complicity

B.effigy

C.inane

D.diatribe

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项complicity“共谋；串通；共犯关系”；B选项effigy“雕像；肖像”；C选项inane“空洞的；愚蠢的”；D选项diatribe“诽谤；恶骂”。句意：肥佬教授被描写成愚蠢的，但是在现实中他却是一个聪明的人。结合句意可知C选项正确。

2.单选题

Neglecthasacceleratedtheprocessofthisbuilding’s（

）?

问题1选项

A.decline

B.egeneration

C.decay

D.wither

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。decline下降，衰退；degeneration退化，恶化；decay衰减，衰败，腐烂；wither枯萎，凋谢。句意：疏忽大意加速了这座建筑物的衰败。选项C更符合语境。

3.单选题

Thepoorsufferedthemostinthecalamity,andtheyarenowexperiencingthebrutalizingeffectsofwhattheactivistjournalistNaomiKleinhasrightlytermed“disastercapitalism”,asforeigncorporationsseektoprofitfromthereconstructionwhiletheresidentsofthefishingvillagesthatformerlyoccupiedthearea（

）.

问题1选项

A.arebeingforcedtorelocate

B.isbeingforcedtorelocate

C.arebeingforcedtoberelocated

D.areforcedtoberelocated

【答案】A

【解析】考查时态和语态。While引导一个完整的句子，主语resident是复数，因此排除B选项。relocate“重新安置；迁移”，本句表明“居民被迫迁往他处”，因此relocate无须使用被动语态，排除C和D。主句使用现在进行时态，因此从句也表示现在正在发生的动作或状态，使用现在进行时。A选项符合题意。

4.单选题

Fewerandfeweroftoday’sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,（）thesamecompany.

问题1选项

A.allelse

B.muchworse

C.lesslikely

D.letalone

【答案】D

【解析】考查语义辨析。A选项allelse“其他所有”；B选项muchworse“更糟糕的是”；C选项lesslikely“更不可能的是”；D选项letalone“更不必说”，句意为：如今想在同一个领域干一辈子的工人越来越少，更不用说同一个公司了。D选项符合句意，因此选D。

5.单选题

Everymaninthiscountryhastherighttolivewherehewantsto,（

）thecolorofhisskin.

问题1选项

A.withtheexceptionof

B.inthelightof

C.byvirtueof

D.regardlessof

【答案】D

【解析】词组词义辨析。withtheexceptionof除以外；inthelightof根据，依据；byvirtueof依靠，凭借，由于；regardlessof不顾，不管。句意：这个国家的每个人都有权住在他想住的地方，不管他的肤色如何。选项D符合句意。

6.单选题

Iaskedthecounselortogivemea（）estimateofthefeeofdefendingmycaseincourt.

问题1选项

A.rude

B.crude

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项rude表示“粗鲁的；无礼的，未开化的”，B选项crude表示“粗糙的，天然的，未加工的”，C选项rough表示“粗糙的，粗略的，艰苦的，未加工的”，D选项coarse表示“粗鄙的；粗糙的”。根据关键词estimate可知，我让律师对我的案件上庭辩护所需费用进行粗略估算。因此，只有C项最符合原文语境，故本题正确答案为C选项。

7.单选题

TheshuttleColumbiawasdoomedinpartbecauseNASAreliedonflawedcomputersimulationsandmathematicalformulasthatfailedtoaccuratelypredictdamagetotheshuttlefromflyingpiecesoffoam,documentsreleasedbythespaceagencyandthegroupinvestigatingtheaccidentshow.

NuclearandaviationindustrysafetyexpertswhoarefamiliarwiththesortsofanalysesNASAusedsayspaceagencyofficialswerewrongtorelyonthesimulationstogaugerisks.Instead,theexpertssay,theyshouldhaveperformedtestsonshuttlecomponentstodeterminethedamagethatfoamfromthefueltankmightdotoitswing.

Thesesimulationsandformulassomedonebeforethelaunch,othersdoneduringthemissionoftenwerebasedonerroneousassumptionsabouttheabilityoftheshuttletowithstanddamage.NASAmanagersassumeditwassafeforColumbiatoreturntoEartheventhoughfoamhadstruckthewing.

Thefoamhittheleftwing82secondsafterliftoffandbrokethroughoneofthecarbonpanelsdesignedtoprotectthewingsfromtheintenseheatofre-entry.Columbiabrokeapartasitre-enteredEarth’satmosphereonFeb.1.Allsevenastronautswerekilled.

Today,theColumbiaAccidentInvestigationBoardWillissueitsfindingsonwhatcausedtheaccident.Inadditiontodetailinghowtheblowfromthefoamledtothebreak-up,theboardwilldocumenthowdecisionsbyNASAmanagersunderestimatedtheperilColumbiafacedandhowtheyignoredwarnings,accordingtopreviouspublicstatementsfromboardmembers.

Theindependentboard’sreportalsoisexpectedtofindthattheNASAsafetyofficewasineffectiveandunderfunded.

AmongtheareastobediscussedisNASA’srelianceoncomputersimulationsandmathematicalmodels.Beforethemission—andagainafterfuzzyphotosshowedthefoamhadhitColumbia’swing-simulationsandotheranalysesledtopoordecisionsbyNASAmanagers,documentsshow.ThesimulationsappeartohaveblindedthemtodangersignalsaboutfoamonearlierflightsandledthemtodramaticallyunderestimatethethreattoColumbia.Theindependentboard’sreportalsoisexpectedtofindthattheNASAsafetyofficewasineffectiveandunderfunded.

Inonecase,duringtheColumbiamission,atleast75shuttleexpertswithNASAanditscontractorsweresoconcernedaboutthepoorqualityofdatainananalysistheywerepreparingthattheyrecommendedtakingphotosoftheshuttleinspace,sourcessay.Thosephotoscouldhaveshownwhetherfoamhaddamagedtheleftwing.

Instead,NASAmanagerstrustedtheanalysisthattheexpertssaidwassoflawed.Theanalysiswronglyestimatedwherethefoamhitandconcludedthattheshuttlehadnotsustainedsignificantdamage.HadNASAknowntheextentofthedamage,theagencymighthavelaunchedarescuemissiontotrytosaveColumbia’screw.

EngineersconnectedtotheanalysissaytheyareangryandpuzzledthatNASAwouldnotseekphotosfromsatellitesortelescopes.NASAmanagerssaytheywerenottoldofthelimitationsoncomputersimulationsandanalyses.

Bynecessity,NASAreliesheavilyoncomputermodelsandotheranalysistoolstoprovidecluesaboutwhathappenstotheshuttlefromlaunchuntilre-entry.Itcannoteasilyrecreatetheextremetemperaturesofspaceinalab.Usedproperly,suchanalysescanimprovesafety.Indeed,analysistechniquesroutinelyhelpdesignsaferjetwingsandnuclearplants.

Butsafetyexpertsinhigh-riskindustriessaythey’velearnedthehardwaymathematicalformulasandcomputersimulationscannotfullymimicnature.SeveralmajoraviationcrashesandtheThreeMileIslandnuclearaccidentwerecausedbypooranalyses,expertssay.

“Youneedtotakeintoaccounttheuncertainties”saysElizabethPate-Cornell,chairmanofthemanagementsciencesandengineeringdepartmentatStanfordUniversity.“It’stheoldstory:garbagein,garbageout.”

AsColumbiaorbited,engineerserroneouslyconcludedthefoamcouldnotdamagethewing’scarbonpanels.Theanalysiswasbasedonearliertestsofsmallicepelletshittingthepanels.Butthosetestscouldnotpredictwhetheralargechunkoffoamwouldcausedamage.

AcomputerprogramknownasCrater,whichengineersusedtopredictwhetherthefoamdamagedtheceramictilesbeneathColumbia’swing,hadnotbeendesignedtoaccountforimpactsfromlargepiecesoffoam.

1.Nuclearandaviationsafetyexperts（）.

2.Intheauthorsopinion,NASAmanagers（）.

3.TheColumbiaAccidentInvestigationBoardwillissueitsfindingswithregardtothefollowingEXCEPT（）.

4.NASAmanagersmadepoordecisionsbecausetheydidNOT（）.

5.Safetyexpertsinhigh-riskindustriesindicatethatcomputersimulations（）.

问题1选项

A.knowverywellthesortsofanalysesmadebyNASAmanagers

B.indicatethatspaceagencyofficialsreliedonthewronganalyses

C.believethatspaceagencyofficialsshouldhavemademoresimulations

D.stronglycriticizespaceagencyofficialsforbeingunscrupulous

问题2选项

A.madewronghypothesisconclusionsaboutthesafetyofColumbia

B.infactknewclearlywhatkindofdangerColumbiawouldface

C.feltitdifficulttopredictwhatmighthappentoColumbiaasitreturnedtoEarth

D.didnotrealizethattheleftwingofColumbiawashitbythefoamafterliftoff

问题3选项

A.whytheshuttlebrokeapartasitreturnedtoEarth

B.howthefoamhittingtheleftwingcausedtheaccident

C.howdecisionsbyNASAmanagersweremade

D.howNASAmanagersmisunderstooddangersignals

问题4选项

A.getallthefindingsofdataanalyses

B.knowtheshuttlehadsignificantdamage

C.getalongwellwithshuttleexpert

D.trusttheanalysisproducedbysimulation

问题5选项

A.arenotreliableatall

B.yieldedpooranalyses

C.haveseverelimitations

D.shouldbeabandoned

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干可定位到文章第二段第一句话“NuclearandaviationindustrysafetyexpertswhoarefamiliarwiththesortsofanalysesNASAusedsayspaceagencyofficialswerewrongtorelyonthesimulationstogaugerisks.（熟悉NASA使用的分析的核能和航空安全专家说，航天局官员错误地依赖模拟来衡量风险。）”。A选项“非常了解NASA管理人员所做的各种分析”文中没有提到；B选项“指出太空总署官员依赖错误的分析”正确；C选项“认为太空总署的官员应该做更多的模拟”没有直接在文中明说；D选项“强烈批评航天局官员的肆无忌惮”文中没有提到，因此B选项正确。

2.作者意图题。由题干可定位到第三段第一句话“Thesesimulationsandformulassomedonebeforethelaunch,othersdoneduringthemissionoftenwerebasedonerroneousassumptionsabouttheabilityoftheshuttletowithstanddamage.（这些模拟和公式，有些是在发射前完成的，而在任务期间所做的其他模拟和公式往往是基于对航天飞机承受损害能力的错误假设。）”。A选项“对哥伦比亚号的安全性做出错误的假设结论”正确；B选项“事实上很清楚哥伦比亚将面临什么样的危险”说法错误，管理人员低估了自己的错误对哥伦比亚号造成的危险；C选项“觉得很难预测哥伦比亚号返回地球时会发生什么”说法错误，管理人员觉得哥伦比亚号能安全返回地球；D选项“没有意识到哥伦比亚号的左翼在升空后被泡沫击中”说法错误，管理人员预测到了，只是他们错误地评估了航天飞机的承伤能力，因此A选项正确。

3.细节事实题。由题干定位到文中第五段“Today,theColumbiaAccidentInvestigationBoardWillissueitsfindingsonwhatcausedtheaccident.Inadditiontodetailinghowtheblowfromthefoamledtothebreak-up,theboardwilldocumenthowdecisionsbyNASAmanagersunderestimatedtheperilColumbiafacedandhowtheyignoredwarnings,accordingtopreviouspublicstatementsfromboardmembers.（今天，哥伦比亚事故调查委员会将发布事故原因的调查结果。根据此前董事会成员公开声明，除了详细说明泡沫的打击如何导致分解外，委员会还将记录NASA管理人员如何低估哥伦比亚面临的危险以及他们如何忽视警告。）”。A选项“为什么航天飞机在返回地球时分裂了”；B选项“泡沫是如何撞击左翼造成事故的”；C选项“NASA管理者是如何做出决定的”都在文中提到过，只有D选项“NASA管理者如何误解危险信号”没有提到，因此D选项正确。

4.判断推理题。由题干可定位到文中第八、九段。文中说到安全专家非常担心他们准备的分析数据的质量太低，他们建议在太空中给航天飞机拍照，然而管理人员相信自己的实验数据，所以引发了事故。A选项“得到所有数据分析的结果”；B选项“知道航天飞机有严重的损坏”；C选项“与航天飞机专家相处融洽”都不符合原文，D选项“相信模拟产生的分析”正确，因此D选项正确。

5.判断推理题。由题干可定位到文中第十段“NASAmanagerssaytheywerenottoldofthelimitationsoncomputersimulationsandanalyses.（美国宇航局的管理人员说，他们没有被告知计算机模拟和分析的局限性。）”和第十二段“Butsafetyexpertsinhigh-riskindustriessaythey’velearnedthehardwaymathematicalformulasandcomputersimulationscannotfullymimicnature.（但高风险行业的安全专家说，他们已经学到了数学公式和计算机模拟无法完全模拟自然的艰难方法。）”。由此可知计算机模拟无法完全模拟自然危险，因此具有局限性。A选项“完全不可靠”；B选项“产生不良分析”和D选项“应该被废弃”都不正确，C选项“有严重的局限性”符合题意，因此C选项正确。

8.单选题

Real-timewebsearch—whichscoursonlythelatestupdatestoserviceslikeTwitter—iscurrentlygeneratingquiteabuzzbecauseitcanprovideaglimpseofwhatpeoplearoundtheworldarethinkingordoingatanygivenmoment.Interestinthiskindofsearchissogreatthat,accordingtorecentleaks,GoogleisconsideringbuyingTwitter.

Thelatestresearchfromtheinteractsearchgiant,though,suggeststhatreal-timeresultscouldbeevenmorepowerful—theymayrevealthefutureaswellasthepresent.

GoogleresearchersHyunyoungChoiandHalVariancombineddatafromGoogleTrendsonthepopularityofdifferentsearchtermswithmodelsusedbyeconomiststopredicttrendsinareassuchastravelandhomesales.Theresult?Betterforecastsinalmosteverycase.Itworksbecausesearchesrevealsomethingaboutpeople’sintentions.Googlehasdemonstratedbeforethatsearchdatacanpredictfluoutbreaks,andlastweekWorldBankeconomistErikFeyensaidhecouldcuterrorsinamodelthatforecastslendingtotheprivatesectorby15%usingGooglesearchdata.

Butreal-timeresultscouldhaveevenmorepredictivepower:knowingwhatpeopleareactuallydoing,notjustthinking,ataparticularinstantgivesastronghintofthefutureconsequences.

JohanBollenofLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryandAlbertoPepeoftheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,appliedamoodratingsystemtothetextfromover10,000FutureMeemailssentin2006togaugepeople’shopes,fearsandpredictionsforthefuture.Theyfoundthatemailsdirectedat2007to2012weresignificantlymoredepressedintonethanmessagesaimedatthesubsequentsixyears.Couldtheyhavepredictedtheworld’scurrenteconomicslump?

Withoutmoredata,thatisnomorethananintriguingpossibility.SoBollenplanstolookatmoreFutureMeemails,aswellasTwittermessages,tosearchformoodswingsthatforeshadowothereconomicchanges.Ifhefindsanysuchlinks,thesamesourcesmightbeusedtotryandpredictfutureeconomicfluctuations.

Sowillouronlinefootstepsbecomeacentralpartofeconomicforecasting?We’llhavetowaitandsee—orperhapsdoaquickwebsearch.

1.Whatis“real-time”websearchlikeTwitter?

2.WhatistheresultofresearchestablishedbyGoogleresearchersHyunyoungChoiandHalVarian?

3.WhatcanweinferfromPara.5?

4.What'sthemeaningof“Withoutmoredata,thatisnomorethananintriguingpossibility.”？

5.What'stheattitudeofauthortoreal-timesearch?

问题1选项

A.Ittellsuswhatpeopledidinpastdays.

B.Itgeneratesquiteabuzzinrecentdays.

C.Itprovideslatestnewsabouteverything.

D.Itinformswhatpeopledointhefuture.

问题2选项

A.Theygainnothingspecialfromthecombinationofdataandmodels.

B.Theyindeedrevealsomethingaboutpeople’sintentionsinsuchareas.

C.Theyfindthatthefuturetrendscannotbepredictedfromtheresearch.

D.Theytotallyunderstandthefuturetrendsoftheseareasfromresearch.

问题3选项

A.ItispossibleforresearcherstogetsomehintsfromtheFutureMeemails.

B.Thereisnorelationshipbetweenthedepressionandeconomicslump.

C.Thereisapotentialrelationshipbetweendepressionandeconomicslump.

D.TheFutureMeemailsmayindicatepeople’sreactionaboutfutureprediction.

问题4选项

A.Moredataarenecessarytoturnthispossibilitytobereality.

B.Thepossibilityisjustallintriguingpossibilitywithoutdata.

C.Noamountofdatacannotbeastrongproofforthepossibility.

D.Moredataareneededtoturnitouttobeapurepossibility.

问题5选项

A.Negative.

B.Critical.

C.Optimistic.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段“Real-timewebsearch—whichscoursonlythelatestupdatestoserviceslikeTwitter—iscurrentlygeneratingquiteabuzzbecauseitcanprovideaglimpseofwhatpeoplearoundtheworldarethinkingordoingatanygivenmoment.实时网络搜索——像twitter一样只搜索最新的信息——目前正引起相当大的轰动，因为它可以让人们窥见世界各地人们在任何特定时刻的所思所为。”可知实时的网络搜索可以实时提供人们的信息，故C项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第三段“Theresult?Betterforecastsinalmosteverycase.Itworksbecausesearchesrevealsomethingaboutpeople’sintentions.结果呢?在几乎所有情况下都有更好的预测。它之所以有效，是因为搜索揭示了人们的一些意图。”可知B项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第五段“Theyfoundthatemailsdirectedat2007to2012weresignificantlymoredepressedintonethanmessagesaimedatthesubsequentsixyears.Couldtheyhavepredictedtheworld’scurrenteconomicslump?他们发现，指向2007年至2012年的电子邮件在语气上明显要比指向随后六年的邮件更加沮丧。他们能预测到世界目前的经济衰退吗?”可知“未来的我”邮件是否与经济衰退有联系还不得而知。故ABC三项错误。D项“未来的我”邮件可能表明人们对未来预测的反应。”正确。

4.推理判断题。Withoutmoredata,thatisnomorethananintriguingpossibility.SoBollenplanstolookatmoreFutureMeemails,aswellasTwittermessages,tosearchformoodswingsthatforeshadowothereconomicchanges.没有更多的数据，这只是一个有趣的可能性。因此，博伦计划查看更多的“未来的我”邮件和Twitter信息，以搜索预示着其他经济变化的情绪波动。”可知这句话的含义是需要研究更多的数据来证实这种可能性。故A项正确。

5.观点态度题。由最后一段“Sowillouronlinefootstepsbecomeacentralpartofeconomicforecasting?We’llhavetowaitandsee—orperhapsdoaquickwebsearch.那么，我们在网上的脚步会成为经济预测的核心部分吗?我们将不得不等待和观察——或者做一个快速的网络搜索。”可知作者对于实时的搜索持乐观态度。故C项正确。

9.单选题

Icanappreciatethe（

）thatpromptsyoutomakethisoffer.

问题1选项

A.magnet

B.intellect

C.motion

D.motive

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。magnet意为“磁铁，磁石”；intellect意为“智力，理解力”；motion意为“运动”；motive意为“动机，原因”。

句意：我能理解促使你做出这个提议的动机。

10.单选题

______wasnotourconcern.

问题1选项

A.Nomatterhowhemightpasstheexamination

B.Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot

C.Thoughhemightpasstheexamination

D.Whilehepassedtheexamination

【答案】B

【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他考试及格与否不关我们的事。横线部分为主语从句。B选项Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot中whether…ornot“无论，是否”，符合题意。A选项Nomatterhowhemightpasstheexamination去掉might选项符合语法，翻译成：无论他怎样通过考试。C选项Thoughhemightpasstheexamination中though“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，不符合语境。D选项Whilehepassedtheexamination中while“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，不符合语境。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Biologyisbeingrebornasaninformationscience,aprogenyoftheInformationAge.Asinformationscientists,biologistsconcernthemselveswiththemessagesthatsustainlife,suchastheintricateseriesofsignalsthatledafertilizedeggtodevelopintoafull-grownorganism,ortheorchestratedresponsetheimmunesystemmakestoaninvadingpathogen.Moleculesconveyinformation,anditistheirmessagesthatareofparamountimportance.Eachmoleculeinteractswithasetofothermoleculesandeachsetcommunicateswithanotherset,suchthatallareinterconnected.Networksofpeoplebringaboutculturesandsocieties,andnetworksofspeciesencompassecosystem.Lifeisawebandthewebislife.

Ironically,itwastheeuphoriaformoleculesthattouchedoffthisscientificRevolution.Inthe1980sonlyatinypercentageofthemillionsofdifferentmolecularcomponentsoflivingbeingswereknown.Inordertogainaccesstothesemolecules,anewscienceandevenanewindustryhadtobecreated.Genomicsisthedevelopmentandapplicationofresearchtoolsthatuncoverandanalyzethousandsofdifferentmoleculesatatime.Thisnewapproachtobiologyhasbeensosuccessfulthatuniversitieshavecreatedentiredepartmentsdevotedtoit,andallmajorpharmaceuticalcompaniesnowhavelargegenomicsdivisions.Genomicshasgrantedbiologistsunprecedentedaccesstothemoleculesoflife,butthisismorethanjustatechnologicalrevolution.Throughgenomicsmassiveamountsofbiologicalinformationcanbeconvertedintoanelectronicformat.Thisdirectlylinksthelifesciencestothedramaticallynewframeworkforunderstandinglife.

Informationisamessage,abitofnews.Itmaybeencodedordecoded.Itmaybecoveredbysmokesignals,pictures,soundwaves,electromagneticwaves,orinnumerousothermedia,buttheinformationitselfisnotmadeofanything.Ithasnomass.

Furthermore,informationalwayshasasenderandanintendedreceiver.Thisimpliesanunderlyingintent,meaning,orpurpose.Informationtheorythusmayseemunfitforthecoldobjectivismofscience.Thefocusoftheinformationscience,however,isnotsomuchoninformationcontent,butratheronhowmessagesareconveyed,processed,andstored.

Advancesinthisareahavebeengreatandhavehelpedtopropeltheremarkabledevelopmentofthecomputerandtelecommunicationindustries.Couldtheseforcesbeharnessedtobetterunderstandthehumanbodyandtoimprovehumanhealth?

51.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageisto（）.

52.ThepassagementionseachofthefollowingasanexampleofelementsinterrelatingtoformalargerwholeExcept（）.

53.Accordingtothepassage,the“dramaticallynewframework”isoneinwhich（）.

54.Accordingtothepassage,informationtheory“mayseemunfitforthecoldobjectivismof

science”because（）.

55.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefunctionofthefinalparagraphinrelationtotherestofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.refuteatheory

B.describetheoriginsofamisconception

C.analyzedifferentperspectivesonaphenomenon

D.describeanewtrendinafieldofstudy

问题2选项

A.moleculesformingacell

B.organismsforminganecosystem

C.pathogensformingtheimmunesystem

D.cellsforminganorganism

问题3选项

A.biologicaldateistranslatedintoanewform

B.theimmunesystemattacksapathogen

C.geneticresearchreceivesmorefederalfunding

D.forcesareharnessedtobetterunderstandthehumanbody

问题4选项

A.itcanbeconveyedbysoundwaves

B.itisbettersuitedtocommercialindustrythantoacademicstudy

C.itsuggeststhatmessagesmayhavemeaningorpurpose

D.itanalyzesbiologicalinformation

问题5选项

A.Itmodifiesatheorypresentedearlier.

B.Itindicatesactualandpotentialconsequencesofgenomics.

C.Itraisesdoubtsaboutthevalueofgenomics.

D.Itprovidesasolutiontoaproblemmentionedearlier.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】51.主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了生物学研究的新趋势，生物学现在是信息科学，用信息手段探索生命。因此D选项“描述一个研究领域的新趋势”，正确，符合题意。A选项“反驳一个理论”，B选项“描述一种误解的起源”；C选项“从不同的角度分析一个现象”均与题意不符，可排除。故选D。

52.推理判断题。定位在第一段Asinformationscientists,biologistsconcernthemselveswiththemessagesthatsustainlife,suchastheintricateseriesofsignalsthatledafertilizedeggtodevelopintoafull-grownorganism,ortheorchestratedresponsetheimmunesystemmakestoaninvadingpathogen.（作为信息科学家，生物学家关心维持生命的信息，比如使受精卵发育成为成熟生物体的复杂的一系列信号，或者免疫系统对入侵病原体做出的协调反应。）Networksofpeoplebringaboutculturesandsocieties,andnetworksofspeciesencompassecosystem.（人的网络形成文化和社会，物种的网络构成了生态系统。）根据题干信息哪项不是元素相互关联构成更大的整体的例子。A选项“形成细胞的分子”，B选项“由有机体形成生态系统的”，C选项“病原体形成免疫系统”，D选项“细胞形成有机体”。A，B，D选项均是由小变大的例子。C选项根据原文，应该是一个大的、整体性的免疫系统，会对小的、部分性的病原体做出协调反应。因此C选项不符合题意。故选C。

53.词义推测题。定位到原文Throughgenomicsmassiveamountsofbiologicalinformationcanbeconvertedintoanelectronicformat.Thisdirectlylinksthelifesciencestothedramaticallynewframeworkforunderstandinglife.（通过基因组学，大量的生物信息可以被转换成电子格式。这直接使生命科学以全新框架来理解生命。）由此可判断dramaticallynewframework“全新的框架”根据指示代词this可知是指代前面的内容即生物数据可以被转换成电子格式，因此A选项“生物数据被转换成一种新的形式”，正确，符合题意。B选项“免疫系统攻击病原体”，C选项“基因研究得到了更多的联邦资助”，D选项“人们利用各种力量来更好地了解人体”，均不符题意，可排除。故选A。

54.推理判断题。定位在第四段Furthermore,informationalwayshasasenderandanintendedreceiver.Thisimpliesanunderlyingintent,meaning,orpurpose.Informationtheorythusmayseemunfitforthecoldobjectivismofscience.Thefocusoftheinformationscience,however,isnotsomuchoninformationcontent,butratheronhowmessagesareconveyedprocessed,andstored.（此外，信息往往有发送者和有意向的接收者。这隐含着一个潜在的意图、意义或目的。信息理论因此似乎不适合科学的冰冷的客观主义。信息科学的焦点，然而，与其说是在信息内容上，不如说是在如何传达、处理和存储信息上。）根据关键点thus“因此”可知，信息理论似乎不适合科学的冰冷的客观主义的原因在前一句中可以找到。即信息隐含着一个潜在的意图、意义或目的。因此C选项“它表明，信息可能有意义或目的”正确，符合题意。A选项“它可以通过声波传播”，B选项“它更适合商业工业而不是学术研究”，D选项“它分析生物信息”，均与题意不符。故选C。

55.推理判断题。定位在最后一段Advancesinthisareahavebeengreatandhavehelpedtopropeltheremarkabledevelopmentofthecomputerandtelecommunicationindustries.Couldtheseforcesbeharnessedtobetterunderstandthehumanbodyandtoimprovehumanhealth?（信息科学的发展促使计算机和通讯产业的巨大发展，这是否应该可以更好的帮助探索人体和改善人类健康呢？）以及文章的第一段Biologyisbeingrebornasaninformationscience,aprogenyoftheInformationAge.（生物学正在重生为一门信息科学，一门信息时代的产物。）Asinformationscientists,biologistsconcernthemselveswiththemessagesthatsustainlife,suchastheintricateseriesofsignalsthatledafertilizedeggtodevelopintoafull-grownorganism,ortheorchestratedresponsetheimmunesystemmakestoaninvadingpathogen.（作为信息科学家，生物学家关心的是维持生命的信息，比如使受精卵发育成为成熟生物体的复杂的一系列信号，或者免疫系统对入侵病原体做出的协调反应。）由此可知，最后一段是对前面内容的一些补充，因此A选项“它修饰了先前提出的一个理论”，正确，符合题意。B选项“它表明了基因组学的实际和潜在后果”，C选项“这引起了对基因组学价值的怀疑”，D选项“它为前面提到的问题提供了解决方案”，均与题意不符，可排除。故选A。

12.单选题

Youwillfindthesceneryissobeautifulifyouviewfromthe（

）ofthehill.

问题1选项

A.ceiling

B.summit

C.mantle

D.roof

【答案】B

【解析】句意：如果从山顶上看，你会发现风景是如此的美丽。只有选项B符合句意。

13.单选题

Whileafullunderstandingofwhatcausesthediseasemaybeseveralyearsaway,______leadingtosuccessfultreatmentcouldcomemuchsooner.

问题1选项

A.adistinction

B.abreakthrough

C.anidentification

D.aninterpretation

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.adistinction差别，区别B.abreakthrough重大进展，突破

C.anidentification鉴定，辨认D.aninterpretation理解，解释

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据while可知，这里是一个让步状语从句，意思是“尽管要完全了解这种疾病的病因可能还需要几年时间”，而主句提到“导致成功治疗的______可能会很快到来”，可推知空格处表示“突破性进展”，所以该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】虽然要完全了解这种疾病的病因可能还需要几年时间，但导致成功治疗的突破性进展可能会很快到来。

14.单选题

InsteadofthesomewhatobnoxiousnationalisticchestbeatingthatwentwithagreatdealtheSingaporeandMalaysiaversionofthe“debate”overAsianvalues,whatisnowcalledforisanexplanationofhowthesamesetofculturalvaluescouldhaveproducedboththedynamosandthedominoes.

问题1选项

A.sober

B.rhetoric

C.banal

D.veryunpleasant

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项sober“冷静的”；B选项rhetoric“花言巧语的”；C选项banal“陈腐的”；D选项veryunpleasant“极不愉快的”；veryunpleasant正是表达了题目中“不愉快的”的意思。句意：与新加坡和马来西亚版本的亚洲价值观之“论战”所带来的令人不快的民族主义者的痛打相比，现在需要的是解释同一套文化价值观如何既产生了发电机又产生了多米诺骨牌。因此D选项正确。

15.单选题

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren（）aviolentactpreviouslyseenontelevision.

问题1选项

A.duplicating

B.accelerating

C.stimulating

D.modifying

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。duplicate复制；accelerate加速，促进；stimulate刺激，鼓舞；modify修改，修饰。从前后语义可推测儿童与从电视上看到的暴力行为之间的关系，应该是儿童模仿电视上的暴力行为。故A项正确。句意：最近有一些儿童模仿电视上的暴力行为的报道。

16.单选题

Thefactisthatmotherhoodmakestheheaviestdemandsin（）heareasofleastexperience.

问题1选项

A.thatitmightbecalled

B.whatmightbecalled

C.whichmightbecalled

D.itmightbecalled

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法知识。空格处所填词在介词in的宾语从句中充当主语的成分，因此只有B选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Treesarearenewableresourcethatwhenmanagedproperlycan（

）ourneeds

indefinitely.

问题1选项

A.sustain

B.retain

C.maintain

D.obtain

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。sustain“维持”；retain“保持”；maintain“维持，维修”；obtain“获得”。句意：树木是可再生资源，如果管理得当，它们无限期地满足我们的需求。选项A符合题意。

18.单选题

SectionA

Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.

SectionB

Whatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedanawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovisionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere“limitstogrowth”.Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied,atleastinprinciple;the“invisiblehand”ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide.

SectionC

However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,pol