考研考博-英语-南开大学滨海学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南开大学滨海学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Jack（

）theprobleminhismindfortwodaysbeforehedidsomethingaboutit.

问题1选项

A.turnedout

B.turnedto

C.turnedon

D.turnedover

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。turnedout结果是；turnedto转向，求助于；turnedon打开；turnover仔细考虑。句意：杰克在采取行动之前，关于这个问题，他在脑海中仔细考虑了两天。D项符合句意，答案D

2.单选题

Manyparentsarebusysendingtheirchildrentovarioustalentshows.（

）matterstothemistoturntheirchildrenfamousovernight.

问题1选项

A.It

B.Anything

C.Which

D.What

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。从句子结构可知matterstothem是主语从句，且该从句主语只有what符合，故正确答案选D。句意为：许多父母送孩子学习各种兴趣班。对他们来说重要的是让孩子一夜成名。

3.单选题

UncleGeorge’sconditionlooksveryseriousanditisdoubtfulifhewillrecover.

问题1选项

A.pullup

B.pullback

C.pullout

D.pullthrough

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。recover表示“恢复”；A项pullup“拔起，阻止”，B项pullback“拉回，撤回”，C项pullout“离开，撤离”，D项pullthrough“渡过难关，恢复健康”。句意：乔治叔叔的情况看来很严重，他能否康复很难说。因此D项正确。

4.单选题

Tandjaalsodissolvedtheparliamentandawardedhimselfsomepowerstorulebydecree（）thecountry'sconstitution.

问题1选项

A.contrastwith

B.contraryto

C.contradictoryin

D.contemptof

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。contraryto“与……相反”。句意：Tandja还解散了议会，并通过一些违反国家宪法的统治来授予自己一些统治权力。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Increased（）canreleasetheworkersforothertasks.

问题1选项

A.efficiency

B.effect

C.effectiveness

D.effort

【答案】A

【解析】句意：提高工作效率可以使工人们有更多的时间做其他的任务。选项A符合语境。

6.翻译题

61.Americanscientistshaveforthefirsttimetakenstemcellsfromhumanembryosthataregeneticcopiesoflivingpeople.Thegoalistocreatebettertreatmentsfordisease.Buttheworkhasraisedethicalconcernsaboutmakinggeneticcopiesorcloning.Cloningahumanbeingisillegalinmorethantwelvestates.Mostscientistshaverejectedit,butsomemedicalresearchersareperformingwhatiscalled“therapeuticcloning”totrytofightdisease.Stillthatmethodisbannedinsevenstates.

62.Onestatewhere“therapeuticcloning”isnotbannedisOregonthatiswhereresearchersatOregonHealth&ScienceUniversityinPortlandwereabletoputhumanDNAintomodifiedhumaneggs:thustheyproducedembryosthatweregeneticallythesameasthepeoplewhohaddonatedtheirDNA.

63.Thestemcellstakenfromtheembryoswhichcanbedevelopedintoanytissueinthebodyarecalled“mastercells”.Scientistshavealreadyknownhowtousechemicalstocausemastercellstodevelopintoanytissueinthebody.

64.Theideaisthatdoctorcouldusetissuecreatedthiswaytoreplacediseasedorgans.Thenewbodytissuewouldbeageneticallymatchofthepersonreceivingitandtherewouldbenodangerthatthepatient’sbodywouldrejectthenewtissuewhichcanhappenwithnormaltransplants.

ThescientistsbelievedthestemcellscouldgivedoctorsanewwaytotreatParkinson’sdisease—adegenerativemovementdisorder.TheybelievetheycouldusethisgeneticmaterialorDNAfromaskincellofsomeonewithParkinson’sdiseasetocreateapersonalizedtreatment.

AltaCharoisabioethicistattheUniversityofWisconsinLawSchool,shebelievesitistoosoontosay,whethertheuseofembryonicstemcellsforpersonalizedmedicinewouldbecomecommon.Scientistscouldinfactfindotherlesscontroversialsourcesofstemcells;however,shesupportstheuseofstemcellstotreatdisease.

65.Shesaid,“Ithinkthatwouldargueforusingthem.Ithinktherearemoralobligationstopeoplewhoarehereamongus,whoaresickandinneed,trans-politicalconcernsandpublicrelations,andperceptionproblemsaroundtheveryearliestfirsttwoorthreedays’worthofdevelopmentofanembryo-likeentity.”

Theresearcheronthecloningofhumanembryostoharveststemcellswaspublishedinthejournal“Cell”.

【答案】61.美国科学家首次从基因复制的人体胚胎中提取出干细胞，其目标是为了创造更好的治疗办法。但这项成果引发了关于基因复制或克隆的伦理担忧。

62.俄勒冈州是未禁止“治疗性克隆”的州之一。该州波特兰市的俄勒冈健康与科学大学的研究人员能够将人类DNA植入经过改良的人类卵子中，由此制成的人类胚胎和捐助DNA者在遗传基因上相一致。

63.从胚胎中提取的干细胞，能够被培育成任何人体组织，被称为“万能细胞”。科学家们懂得如何利用化学物质使万能细胞发育成任何人体组织。

64.这种想法是医生能够使用这种途径制成的人体组织来替代病变器官。这种新的人体组织和接受移植者在遗传基因上相匹配，不会发生病人身体抗拒新组织的危险，而正常移植往往会存在这种风险。

65.我认为利用它会引发争论，我认为，对于我们当中的人来说，对于那些生病和需要帮助的人，对于跨政治的关注和公共关系，以及对于胚胎样实体最初两三天的发展所产生的认知问题，都是有道德义务的。

7.单选题

ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.SmallwonderAmericans,lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced,clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.SuchadvancesoffertheagingpopulationaqualityoflifethatwasunimaginablewhenIenteredmedicine50yearsago.Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.Deathisnormal;wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions.Weallunderstandthatatsomelevel,yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.

In1950,theUSspent$12.7billiononhealthcare.In2002,thecostwillbe$1540billion.Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Somescholarsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplystoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainage—say83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadulytodieandgetoutoftheway”,sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.

Iwouldnotgothatfar.Energeticpeoplenowroutinelyworkthoughtheir60sandbeyond,andremaindazzlinglyproductive.At78,ViacomchairmanSummerRedstonejokinglyclaimstobe53.SupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connorisinher70s,andformersurgeongeneralC.EverettKoopchairsallInternetstart-lipinhis80s.Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandwecanmanagethehealthproblemsthatcomenaturallywithage.Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.

Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit.Asaphysician,Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeover-fundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunder-fundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeople’slives.

1.Whatisimpliedinthefirstsentence?

2.Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat（

）.

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardRichardLamm’sremarkisoneof

（

）.

4.IncontrasttotheUS,JapanandSwedenarefundingtheirmedicalcare

（

）.

5.Thetextintendstoexpresstheideathat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Americansarebetterpreparedfordeaththanotherpeople.

B.Americansenjoyahigherlifequalitythaneverbefore.

C.Americansareover-confidentoftheirmedicaltechnology.

D.Americanstakeavainprideintheirlonglifeexpectancy.

问题2选项

A.medicalresourcesareoftenwasted

B.doctorsarchelplessagainstfataldiseases

C.sometreatmentsaretooaggressive

D.medicalcostsarebecomingunaffordable

问题3选项

A.strongdisapproval

B.reservedconsent

C.slightcontempt

D.enthusiasticsupport

问题4选项

A.moreflexibly

B.moreextravagantly

C.morecautiously

D.morereasonably

问题5选项

A.medicinewillfurtherprolongpeople’slives

B.lifebeyondacertainlimitisnotworthliving

C.deathshouldbeacceptedasafactoflife

D.excessivedemandsincreasethecostofhealthcare

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“第一句话暗含着……”。文章第一段第一句提到“据说，死亡在英国是迫在眉睫，在加拿大是不可避免，而在加利福尼亚是可以选择的”（ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional），第二三句提到“很少有人怀疑美国人的寿命在上个世纪已经几乎翻倍。坏死的髋骨可以更换……”（SmallwonderAmericans,lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced…），由此可以看出美国人对自己的医疗技术非常有信心，选项C“美国人对他们的医疗技术过分自信”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者使用癌症患者的例子去表明……”。文章第一段倒数第三句话提到“由于医疗费用由第三方支付，我们要求尽可能为我们做任何治疗，尽管这些治疗毫无用处”（Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless），然后提到癌症治疗，由此可以推测作者认为这种做法使得医疗资源被浪费了，选项A符合题意。

3.观点态度题。题目问的是“作者对理查德•拉姆的评论的态度是……”。理查德•拉姆认为“老人和虚弱的病人应该坦然面对死亡，为他人让路”。文章第三段提到“我不会那么极端”（Iwouldnotgothatfar），即在某些程度上不认同理查德的观点；最后一段提到“但是社会在延长人的寿命的追求上是有极限的”（Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit），所以在这个意义上作者同意理查德的看法，因此选项B“保留意见”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。题目问的是“与美国相比，日本和瑞典正……资助自己的医疗”。文章最后一段提到“在医疗上的花费远远低于我们的日本和瑞典人，获得比我们更长，更健康。作为一个民族，我们可能在寻求无效的治疗方法上花钱太多，而在提高人们生活质量的普通医疗方面花钱太少”（peopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeover-fundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunder-fundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeople’slives），由此可推测，日本与瑞典在医疗上的花费更合理。选项D符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。题目问的是“文章试图阐述……”。文章第一段提到“但是，即使是一个伟大的医疗保健系统也无法治愈死亡，而我们未能正视这一现实。死亡是正常的，即使在理想的条件下，基因也会解体和灭亡”（Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.Deathisnormal;wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions），因此选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Thelightsandmusic（）aswesailedawayfromtheharbor.

问题1选项

A.faded

B.disappeared

C.declined

D.stopped

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项faded“渐弱，褪色”；B选项disappeared“消失，失踪”；C选项declined“下降，拒绝”；D选项stopped“停止，停顿”。句意：我们驶离港口时，灯光和音乐（）下来。这里根据句意可以判断出要考的意思是“灯光和音乐渐渐弱了”，因此A选项符合题意。

9.单选题

Whatisthebestwoodtoburninthehomefireplace?Choosethekindofwoodtoburnislikechoosingabottleofwine.Eachchoiceyoucanmakehassomethingdifferenttooffer.Woodsdifferinthescenttheygiveoffandintheheattheyprovide.Thekindofwoodyouwillchoosedependsonyourownneedsandtastes.

Pine,spruce,andfiraresoftandeasytolight.Theyburnquicklywithahotflame.However,afirebuiltfromthesewoodsburnsoutquickly.Thiskindoffirerequiresalotofattention.Itneedsnewlogsaddedtokeepthefireburning.Afirebuiltfromsoftwoodsmightbeidealforyouatcertaintimes.Youmaywantaquickwarmingfirethatwillburnoutbeforeyougotobed.

Foralong-lastingfire,itisbesttouseheavierwoods.Thesewouldbeash,beech,birch,maple,andoak.Thesewoodsdon’tburnasfast.Oakgivesthemostevenandshortestflames.Italsoproducessteady,glowingcoals.Whenyouhaveseveraloaklogsburninginyourgrate,youcansettlebackforasteadyshowofflame.

Ifyouwantagood-smellingfire,usethewoodfromfruittrees.Apple,cherry,andnuttreesallproducepleasantscents.Theirsmokeusuallysmellslikethetree’sfruit.

Bymixingsoftwoodswithhardwoods,youcangetalong-lasting,easy-to-lightfire.Later,byaddingsomefruitwood,youcanproduceapleasantscentaswell.

Asarule,nomorethanfourlogsareneededtomakeagoodfire.Adjustthelogstomaintaintheflames.Pushtheendsofthelogsintheflamesfromtimetotime.Addkindlingandnewlogsasneededtorekindleadyingflame.Rakecoalstowardthefrontofthegratebeforeaddingnewlogsandputnewlogsattherear.Theretheywillreflectlightandheatintotheroom.

Letonlyaninchortwoofashcollectsatthebottomofthegrate.Anymorethanthiscanruintheandirons.Toomuchashblockstheflowofairtothefire.Someashisneededtoformthebedfortheglowingcoalsthatdropthroughthegrate.Theyhelptoholdtheheatanddirectdraftsofairuptothebaseofthefire.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?

2.Spruceburnswitha（）.

3.Inordertogetmoreheatoutofyourfireplace,youshould（）.

问题1选项

A.Fruitwooddoesnotburnwellinthefireplace.

B.Wetwoodiseasydriedinahomefireplace.

C.Youshouldchooseyourfireplacewoodcarefully.

D.Heavierwoodscankeepalong-lastingfire.

问题2选项

A.coldflame

B.hotflame

C.shortflame

D.steadyflame

问题3选项

A.addnewlogstothebackofthefire

B.cleanyourchimneyonceayear

C.rakecoalstowardtherearofthefireplace

D.ruintheandirons

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

【解析】1.【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文主要谈及壁炉选择木材取决于需要和品味。可以得知C选项“你应该仔细选择你的壁炉木材”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干关键词spruce可以定位到文章第二段中“Pine,spruce,andfiraresoftandeasytolight.Theyburnquicklywithahotflame.”，中文翻译为：松树、云杉和冷杉因柔软而容易点燃。它们迅速燃烧，火焰很热。因此B选项正确。

3.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章倒数二段“Asarule,nomorethanfourlogsareneededtomakeagoodfire.Adjustthelogstomaintaintheflames.Pushtheendsofthelogsintheflamesfromtimetotime.Addkindlingandnewlogsasneededtorekindleadyingflame.Rakecoalstowardthefrontofthegratebeforeaddingnewlogsandputnewlogsattherear.Theretheywillreflectlightandheatintotheroom.”，中文翻译为：一般说来，生一堆好火不需要超过四根木头。调整原木以保持火焰。不时地把木柴的末端推入火焰中。添加引物和新的原木，以重新点燃即将熄灭的火焰。在添加新原木之前，把煤耙到炉排前面，并把新原木放在后面。在那里，它们将把光和热反射进房间。故A为正确选项。

10.单选题

Thefoxwatchedthem（）fromthesafetyofanearbyfield.

问题1选项

A.goingpassed

B.togopass

C.goingpast

D.togopast

【答案】C

【解析】考查感官动词的搭配。感官动词watch后面需要接省略to的不定式，表示动作发生的过程已经结束。因此可排除CD选项，后接doing作宾语补足语时通常表示动作正在进行中或状态。句意：那只狐狸在旁边安全的地方看着他们经过。A选项passed是动词pass的过去式，而句中需要一个副词来修饰动词go，由此C选项的past作副词时表“经过”，符合句意，故选C。

11.单选题

WhenIwasalittlegirl,lovedformymomtotellmestoriesaboutherself.Nomatterhowtiredshewas,sheneveradumbratedthem.Shewouldfillthemwithminutestdetails,andtheywerealwaysfascinating.Myfavoritestorywastheoneabouthowmymommetmydad:“Iwas17-years-old,butIalreadyknewthekindofmanIwouldmarry.Hewouldnotbetoogarrulous.Itellyou,Rosa,it’simportantforamantotaketimetolistentowhatyouhavetosay,andneverimpertinent.Politenessisagoodtrait.”

“Well,I’msupposedtobetellingyouaboutthedayImetyourdaddy,right?Okay,soIwasridingtheAmtraktrainbetweenProvidenceandPhiladelphiaduringmyfreshmanyearatBrown,andthedoorattheendofmycarrattledopen.Hewastallandswarthy.Heworeathickivorycableknitsweaterwithagraywoolscarfwrappedfirmlyaroundhisneck.Icouldn’ttellwhathisheritagewasandthatintriguedme.WhatwasheIndian,Portuguese,Peruvian?”MomwouldpausehereandIwouldshout“CapeVerdean!”She’dcontinue.“Well,ifIhadbeenshyImighthavejustlookedoutthetrainwindow.ButthenwherewouldIbenow?Youwouldn’tevenbehere!SoIletmyeyeslockwithhisashewobbleddownthemovingtrain.”

“Hesmiledaslightsmile,notabigone.Hiseyesraisedjustenoughtoletmeknowhehadsportedmetoo.”Ialwayslovedthislineandwouldsmileattheimageofmydadstumblingdownthetrainandthennoticingmyradiantmom.“SoRosa,oncewespottedeachother,yourdadfoundinfinitereasonstowalkpastmetogotothecafecar.Iwassittingbymyselfalongtheaisle.Sofinally,Ijustslidovertothewindow,leavingtheseatnexttomeempty.Yourdadcamebackwithtwocupsofhotcocoaandsatdownwithasmile.Andwehadthemostdelightfulconversation!”

“Icouldtellrightthenthatthiswasnoephemeralcrushthiswastherealdeal.Iwasgoingtoenduplovingthismanforever.”HerecomesthepartIlovedbestaboutthestory.“WepullintothetrainstationinPhiladelphia,andit’stimeformetogetoff.HewasheadingontoWashingtonwherehewasgoingtoschool.IpreparedmyselfforsomehackneyedexpressionasIgotoffthetrain.Youknow,greatmeetingyou,oryou’retheappleofmyeye.Ialsoworriedhemighttrytosneakasmooch.Whichwouldhavebeenabigturnoff.We’djustmet!Instead,hetookmyhandgentlyandgaveitalittlesqueeze.Hesaid,4Ifit’sthethoughtthatcounts,consideryourselfkissed.”

Mamasaidshejustaboutdiedwhenhesaidthat!Thenshesaidtoherself,“Thatmanwillbemyhusband.”Andsoheis.

1.Asusedinthispassage,whichisthebestantonymfor“adumbrated”(Para.1)?

2.WhymighttheauthorhavechosenRosaasthenarratoreventhoughitishermotherwhoistellingthemainstory?

3.Whatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2?(“Well.IfIhadbeenshy,...themovingtrain.’’)

4.Whichisthebestantonymfor“hackneyed”(Para.4)?

5.WhatmayRosa’smombemeaningtoconveytoherchildbytellingthisstoiy?

问题1选项

A.Invented

B.lengthened

C.understated

D.simplified

问题2选项

A.TomakethereaderlearnthestoryfromRosa’sperspective.

B.Tomakeitclearthatthestoryhappenedalongtimeago.

C.TomakeitclearthatRosa’smotherhaspassedaway.

D.Tomakethestoryseemmorestraightforward.

问题3选项

A.Assoonastheylockedeyestheyfellinlove.

B.Itisbesttobeoutspokeninallcircumstances.

C.Rosareallywantedtojustlookoutthewindow.

D.Aslightchangecouldhavegreatlyalteredherlife.

问题4选项

A.happy

B.humorous

C.original

D.over-used

问题5选项

A.Theadviceonwhattolookforinapartner

B.Theyearningtogobacktothattimeandplace

C.Theideathateducationshouldcomebeforemarriage

D.ThesuggestionthatRosamightfindherhusbandonatrain.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.“adumbrated”本意为‘预示；画...的轮廓’。A‘Invented’意为‘发明的’；B‘lengthened’意为‘加长的，详细的’；C‘understated’意为‘理解的’；D‘simplified’意为‘简单化的’。根据“Nomatterhowtiredshewas,sheneveradumbratedthem.Shewouldfillthemwithminutestdetails无论她多累，她从不只讲故事大概，而是详细地讲述，本题要求选与“adumbrated”词义相反的词，所以B选项‘lengthened’符合题意，正确。

2.本文是选择Rosa来叙述自己妈妈与自己爸爸邂逅相爱的故事，全文以Rosa叙述故事，正是要让读者从她的角度了解故事如何发展；而B和C选项很明显不符合文意，D选项“让故事看起来更简单明了”的方式应该是以Rosa妈妈第一人称视角讲述更为直观。

3.根据句意“Well.IfIhadbeenshy...themovingtrain.”译为“若当时我太羞涩，我可能就望向窗外。然而那么我现在会在哪儿呢？你是不会在这儿的！所以在他晃荡着下火车时，我的目光牢牢地锁住了他。”确定D选项正确。A选项‘让读者从Rosa的角度听故事‘、B选项‘表明故事发生在很久以前’和C选项‘表明Rosa的妈妈已经过世‘都与文章大意不符，排除。

4.选择"hackneyed（陈腐的；平庸的）的反义词，但不知道hackneyed的意思怎么办呢，我们可以根据“preparedmyselfforsomehackneyedexpressionasIgotoffthetrain.Youknow,Greatmeetingyou,orYou’retheappleofmyeye.”（当我要下火车时，我自己准备了些如“很高兴见到你”，“你是我的挚爱”等表达。）我们可以看出我当时准备的是客套的常规表达，所以hackneyed的意思就能推断出来，其反义词应该是C项的“original新颖的，独创的”。

5.从文中第二段“butIalreadyknewthekindofmanIwouldmany...”即可判断Rosa妈妈讲述她和爸爸的故事来告诉Rosa找什么样的伴侣。A选项符合。其他三项B渴望回到那时那景，C认为受教育要在婚前，D暗示Rosa可能会在火车上遇到自己的丈夫与文章主旨不符。

12.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

红包，字面意思是“红色的小袋”，是中国新年的重要元素。里面的现金被认为是来年的压岁钱。红包一般是长辈送给晚辈的，尤其是孩子，但如果你收入不错，每年这个时候给父母、爷爷奶奶分一些钱也是符合礼貌的。如果你结婚了，你就得给红包；如果你是单身，你通常会收到红包。如果被邀请到别人家过年，你知道他们有孩子，那最好在一个红包里放点钱。如果你去北方游玩，红包里的现金数额就选一个整数；在南方，挑个幸运数字（任何带有6或8的数字）。

【答案】Hongbao,whichliterallymeans“alittleredenvelope”,isanimportantelementofChineseNewYear.Thecashinsideisconsideredasluckymoneyforthecomingyear.Itisusuallygivenbyelderstoyoungergenerations,especiallychildren,butifyouhaveaniceincome,it’spolitetogivesomemoneytoyourparentsandgrandparentsatthistimeofyear.Ifyouaremarried,youhavetogiveredenvelopes;ifyouaresingle,youusuallyreceiveone.Ifyouareinvitedtosomeone’shomeforChineseNewYearandyouknowtheyhavechildren,itisbesttoputsomecashinaredenvelope.Andifyouvisitthenorth,theamountofcashinitshouldbearoundnumber,andifyouvisittheSouth,choosealuckynumber(anynumberwitha6or8).

13.单选题

Mr.Morrisonhasagreat___foranythingthatisorientalandexotic.

问题1选项

A.vision

B.emotion

C.contribution

D.passion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项vision“视力；美景；眼力；幻象；想象力”；B选项emotion“情感；情绪”；C选项contribution“贡献；捐献；投稿”；D选项passion“激情；热情；酷爱；盛怒”。句意：莫里森先生对任何东方和异国的东西都有强烈的___。本句表达“怀有强烈的情感”。因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

Therewasnolightonthewayandforasecondshehesitated,unableto（）thedimfigureawaitingher.

问题1选项

A.setout

B.makeout

C.pickup

D.clearup

【答案】B

【解析】setout开始，出发，陈述；makeout理解，认出；pickup捡起，获得；clearup整理，打扫。句意：路上没有灯光，她犹豫了一会儿，无法辨认出那个等待着她的模糊身影。选项B符合句意。

15.单选题

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Fewpeoplecanidentifyitstexture.

B.Fewpeoplecandescribeitprecisely.

C.Itsrealvalueisopentointerpretation.

D.Itsimportanceisoftenover-estimated.

问题2选项

A.Ithasneverseenanychange.

B.Ithasmuchtodowithcolor.

C.Itisawell-protectedgovernmentsecret.

D.Itisasubjectofstudybymanyforgers.

问题3选项

A.Peoplehadlittlefaithinpapermoney.

B.Theycouldlastlongerincirculation.

C.Itpredictedtheirvaluewouldincrease.

D.Theyweremoredifficulttocounterfeit.

问题4选项

A.Thestabilizationofthedollarvalue.

B.Theissuingofgovernmentsecurities.

C.AgoldstandardforAmericancurrency.

D.AsteadyappreciationoftheU.S.dollar.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】RecordingThree

VirtuallyeveryAmericancanrecognizeadollarbillatamereglance.Manycanidentifyitbyitssoundortexture.[22]Butfewpeopleindeedcanaccuratelydescribetheworld’smostpowerful,importantcurrency.

TheAmericandollarbilliscoloredwithblackinkononesideandgreenontheother;[23]theexactcompositionofthepaperandinkisacloselyguardedgovernmentsecret.Despiteitsweightyimportance,thedollarbillactuallyweighslittle.Itrequiresnearly500billstotipthescalesatapound.Notonlyisthedollarbilllightweight,butitalsohasabrieflifespan.Fewdollarbillssurvivelongerthan18months.

Theword“dollar”istakenfromtheGermanword“taler”,thenamefortheworld’smostimportantcurrencyinthe16thcentury.Thetalerwasasilvercoinfirstmintedin1580underthereignofCharlesV,EmperorofGermany.

TheconceptofpapermoneyisarelativelyrecentinnovationinthehistoryofAmericancurrency.WhentheConstitutionwassigned,[24]peoplehadlittleregardforpapermoneybecauseofitssteadilydecreasingvalueduringthecolonialera.Becauseofthislackoffaith,thenewAmericangovernmentmintedonlycoinsforcommoncurrency.Interest-bearingbanknoteswereissuedatthesametime,buttheirpurposewaslimitedtoprovidingmoneyforurgentgovernmentcrisessuchasAmericaninvolvementintheWarof1812.Thefirstnon-interestbearingpapercurrencywasauthorizedbyCongressin1862attheheightoftheCivilWar.Atthispoint,citizens’oldfearsofdevaluedpapercurrencyhadcalmed,andthedollarbillwasborn.Thenewgreen-coloredpapermoneyquicklyearnedthenickname“greenback”.

Today,theAmericandollarbillisaproductoftheFederalReserve,andisissuedfromthetwelveFederalReservebanksaroundtheUnitedStates.Thegovernmentkeepsasteadysupplyofapproximatelytwobillionbillsincirculationatalltimes.

Controversycontinuestosurroundthetruevalueofthedollarbill.[25]AmericanhistoryhasseengenerationsofpoliticiansargueinfavorofagoldstandardforAmericancurrency.However,forthepresent,theAmericandollarbillholdsthevaluethatisprintedonit,andlittlemore.TheonlyotherguaranteeonthebillisaFederalReservepledgeasaconfirmationintheformofgovernmentsecurities.

22.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheAmericandollarbill?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问关于美元纸币，说话人说了什么？说话人说到，很少人能准确地描述（美元纸币）这一世界上最有影响力、最重要的货币。B选项中的describeitprecisely是录音原文中accuratelydescribe的同义替换，因此B选项“很少有人能准确地描述它”正确。A选项“很少有人能辨别它的质地”表述错误，录音中提及很多人能通过美元纸币的声音或质感（texture）辨别美元；C选项“美元的实际价值有待商榷”和D选项“它的重要性经常被高估”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

23.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheexactcompositionoftheAmericandollarbill?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问关于美元纸币具体的物质成分，说话人说了什么？说话人指出，美元纸币纸和墨的成分，是美国政府严格保守的秘密，C选项“这是政府严格保守的秘密”与原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“它从来都没改变过”，录音中并没有讨论美元纸币物质成分的变化，因此可排除；B选项“它和颜色的关联很大”，录音中没有表明美元纸币的物质成分与颜色有关，因此可排除；D选项“它是许多伪造者研究的课题”录音中没有信息提及，因此可排除。

24.WhydidthenewAmericangovernmentmintonlycoinsforcommoncurrency?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问为什么新美国政府只用硬币作为流通的货币？录音提到，美国宪法签署生效的当时，人们并不尊重纸币，由于民众不信任纸币，新政府就只用硬币作为流通的货币，A选项“人们不太相信纸币”符合录音原文，因此正确。B选项“硬币在流通中可以使用得更久”；C选项“新美国政府预测硬币的价值会上涨”和D选项“硬币更难伪造”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

25.WhathavegenerationsofAmericanpoliticiansarguedfor?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问几代美国政客一直以来都在争论什么？录音提到，美国政客几代人以来都在讨论赞不赞成为美国货币设立金本位制。因此C选项“美国货币的金本位制”正确。A选项“美元价值的稳定”和B选项“政府证券的发行”在录音中虽有信息提及，但它们均不是美国政客几代人一直在讨论的问题；D选项“美元的稳定升值”在录音中没有信息提及，因此排除。

16.单选题

“You（

）borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem,”Itoldmyfriend

问题1选项

A.could

B.should

C.must

D.can

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我对我的朋友说“假如你好好保管，你就可以借用我的笔记。”。

语法题。考查情态动词。由句中关键词“borrowmynotes用我的笔记”与“providedyoutakecareofthem假如你照顾他们”的对应知这里表示一种“现实可能性”，故A“could”正确。此外，虽然“can”也可用来表示现在的可能性，但是它一般用在问句或否定句中。should“应该”；must“必须；一定”。

17.单选题

AgroupoflabourMPs,amongthemYvetteCooper,arebringinginthenewyearwithacalltoinstituteaUK"townofculture"award.Theproposalisthatitshouldsitalongsidetheexistingcityofculturetitle,whichwasheldbyHullin2017andhasbeenawardedtoCoventryfor2021.CooperandhercolleaguesarguethatthesuccessofthecrownforHull,whereitbroughtin£220mofinvestmentandanavalancheofarts,oughtnottobeconfinedtocities.Britain'stowns,itistrue,arenotpreventedfromapplying,buttheygenerallylacktheresourcestoputtogetherabidtobeattheirbiggercompetitors.Atownofcultureawardcould,itisargued,becomeanannualevent,attractingfundingandcreatingjobs.

SomemightseetheproposalasaboobyprizeforthefactthatBritainisnolongerabletoapplyforthemuchmoreprestigioustitleofEuropeancapitalofculture,asought-afterawardbaggedbyGlasgowin1990andLiverpoolin2008.AcynicmightspeculatethattheUKisonthevergeofdisappearingintoanendlessfeverofself-celebrationinitsdesperationtoreinventitselfforthepost-Brexitworld:aftertownofculture,whoknowswhatwillfollow—villageofculture?Suburbofculture?Hamletofculture?

Itisalsowisetorecallthatsuchtitlesarenotacure-all.Abadlyrun"yearofculture"washesinandoutofaplacelikethetide,bringingprominenceforaspellbutleavingnolastingbenefitstothecommunity.Thereallysuccessfulholdersofsuchtitlesarethosethatdoagreatdealmorethanfillhotelbedroomsandbringinhigh-profileartseventsandgoodpressforayear.Theytransformtheaspirationsofthepeoplewholivethere;theynudgetheself-imageofthecityintoabolderandmoreoptimisticlight.Itishardtogetright,andrequiresaremarkabledegreeofvision,aswellascooperationbetweencityauthorities,theprivatesector,community