考研考博-英语-天津石油职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津石油职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Facebookandmobilephonesmeanthatmanyfeeltheycanneverhavetimeofffromplaygroundgossip.Parentstoldmehowtheirdaughtersworriedabouttheirbodyimagefromasyounganageasseven.Forparentsofmygeneration,contemplatinghowourchildrenarefearing,andwhetherwearegivingthemwhattheytrulyneed,isnotaneasythingtodo.Ihavetwosonsagedsevenandfour,myhusbandandIbothworkfull-time.Thereistheinevitablepushandpulloftimetables,anxietyabouthavingenoughtimewiththeboys,andparticularlyaboutwhetherwe'reequippingthemtocopewiththeacademicandsocialpressuresthatlieahead.

Whenwepolledmorethan1,000parentswhousethewebsiteMumsnet,theresultsrevealedwidespreadconcernamongparentsaboutpressureschildrenfacetoday.Twothirds(64percent)saidthereistoomuchtestinginschools,78percentsaidchildrendon'tgettoplayoutdoorsenoughontheirown,andthreequarters(75percent)feltthatlongworkinghoursmadeitdifficulttospendenoughtimewiththeirfamily.Thestatisticsalsopointtoadramaticriseinthelevelofchildhooddepressionoverthecourseofageneration.

Threeyearsago,Britainrankedbottomoutof21countriesinaUNsurveyofchildren'swellbeingintheworld.Oneinfouroftheparentswequestionedsaidtheybelievedtheirkidsarelesshappythantheywereatthesameage.Aworryingconsequenceofallofthisisthedramaticriseinmentalhealthproblemsintheyoung,upbyashocking70percentsincethe1970s.Oneintenofourteenagechildrennowhasadiagnosablementalhealthcondition.

ImetAnnabelleDavies,a19-year-oldwhohadbeenanoutgoing,academicallygiftedyoungschoolgirl.Aftershemissedafewweeksofschoolaged15duetoavirus,shefellbehindwithherschoolwork,andfoundshecouldnolongercope.Thedepressionthatsetinwaspunctuatedbysuicideattemptsandperiodsinacutepsychiatricunits.Atherlowestpoints,herexhaustedparentscouldn'triskleavingheralone.Annabellehassufferedseveredepressionfornearlyfiveyears,isnowpainfullythinandexistsonheavymedication.Wesatandchattedonhermum’ssofa,‘Ifeltpressuredtobedoingwellinmyexams,togetgoodgrades,togoontouniversity-andwasscaredIwasgoingtoletpeopledown,thatIwasgoingtofail.Ifeltphysicallysick.Icouldn'tstopcrying.IfeltthatwhateverIdidwouldn'tbeenough.Andyouhateyourselfbecauseyou'reweak”

OneoftheexpertsIspoketo,TimGill,achildhoodplayconsultant,believesthatcontemporarypressures,combinedwiththewaywenowraiseandeducateourchildren,isleavingmanyunabletocope.Forhim,it’stimetogobacktobasics-freedomtoplay,toexploreandtomakemistakes:"Ithinkbacktomyownchildhood,whenmygenerationroamedfarandwide.Buttoday'schildrenarenotfree-ranged-they'rebattery-reared."

Happily,therearesignsthatsomeparents,schoolsandevenpoliticiansarenowstartingtowiseup.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromtheauthor’sfamilythat（

）.

2.Howmanyparentshavelimitedtimewiththeirchildrenaccordingtothepoll?

3.Accordingtothepassage,TimGillholdstheideathat

（

）.

4.Howdoestheauthorthinkaboutthechildhooddepressionbynow?

问题1选项

A.sonscausemuchpressuretoparentsthandaughters

B.oneoftheparentsshouldleaveworkfortheirchild

C.socialpressureisgoodforchildren’sfuturedevelopment

D.it’shardtomakechildrenequippedtovariouspressures

问题2选项

A.Two-thirds.

B.Seventy-eightpercent.

C.Threequarters.

D.Morethanonethousand.

问题3选项

A.peopleshouldeducatetheirchildrenbythemselves

B.socialpressureisgoodforchildrentobecomemature

C.today'schildrenbearmorestudyburdenthanbefore

D.childrenneedmorestimulusfromschoolsandsociety

问题4选项

A.It’soptimistictoseesomechangesonthisproblem.

B.Sheistotallydepressedbythepolitician'sefforts.

C.Mostschoolsbegintodoabetterjobthanbefore.

D.Itsreflectionoftheparents’childhoodfailure.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第一段最后一句‘Thereistheinevitablepushandpulloftimetables,anxietyabouthavingenoughtimewiththeboys,andparticularlyaboutwhetherwe'reequippingthemtocopewiththeacademicandsocialpressuresthatlieahead.时间安排不可避免地会带来压力，孩子们会因为有足够的时间而焦虑，尤其是我们是否准备好让他们应付未来的学业和社会压力。’确定D选项‘要使孩子们适应各种压力是很困难的’符合题意。

2.根据文章第二段第二句话‘threequarters(75percent)feltthatlongworkinghoursmadeitdifficulttospendenoughtimewiththeirfamily.四分之三(75%)的人认为长时间的工作让他们很难有足够的时间和家人在一起。’确定C选项‘四分之三’符合题意。

3.根据文章倒数第二段确定TimGill的观点是当今的孩子们的压力比之前的大得多，所以C选项符合题意，正确。

4.根据文章最后一句‘Happily,therearesignsthatsomeparents,schoolsandevenpoliticiansarenowstartingtowiseup.高兴地是，已经有兆头显示有一些父母和学校甚至政治家已经意识到这个问题‘确定A选项‘在这个问题上看到一些变化是乐观的’正确。

2.单选题

AmItounderstandthathisnowpost______noresponsibilitywithitatall?

问题1选项

A.keeps

B.supports

C.carries

D.possesses

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项keeps“保持”；B选项supports“支持”；C选项carries“怀揣；携带”，carryresponsibilitywithsth“对……负责”；D选项possesses“拥有”。句意：我是否应该理解，他现在的职位对此事不______任何责任吗？根据短语carryresponsibilitywithsth.和这里表示负责任，C选项carries“怀揣；携带”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Icouldseethatmywifewasthathavingthatfurcoat,whetherIapproveofitornot.

问题1选项

A.adequate

B.intenton

C.shortof

D.deficientof

【答案】B

【解析】搭配题。A选项adequatefor胜任……的，合适……的；B选项intenton专心致志于，决心要实现；C选项shortof缺乏，不足，除……以外；D选项deficientof缺乏，不足。根据句意可知，无论我是否同意，我妻子都抱定决心要买那件毛皮大衣。因此，B项符合句意。

4.单选题

Clarkfeltthathis______inoneofthemostdramaticmedicalexperimentsofalltimewasworththesufferingheunderwent.

问题1选项

A.appreciation

B.participation

C.presentation

D.apprehension

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项appreciation“欣赏；理解；感激”；B选项participation“参与”；C选项presentation“颁发；展示会”；D选项apprehension“忧虑；逮捕”。句意：克拉克认为，他对有史以来最引人注目的医学实验之一的______，配得上他所遭受的痛苦。根据语境，B选项participation“参与”搭配experiments“实验”比较合理，意思指参与实验，符合题意。因此B选项正确。

5.单选题

Employeesarenotslaveswhomustbearbeingorderedaround.Theywouldnotputtheir（

）intheirpocket.

问题1选项

A.arrogance

B.conceit

C.pride

D.prime

【答案】C

【解析】putone’sprideinone’spocket为固定搭配,意为“忍气吞声”。

6.单选题

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Consumersvisualizetheiractivitiesindifferentweather.

B.Goodweathertriggersconsumers’desiretogoshopping.

C.Weatherconditionsinfluenceconsumers’buyingbehavior.

D.Consumers’mentalstateschangewiththepricesofgoods.

问题2选项

A.Directcorrelation.

B.Mentalvisualization.

C.Individualassociation.

D.Activeconsumption.

问题3选项

A.Helpingthemadvertiseagreatervarietyofproducts.

B.Enablingthemtoselltheirproductsatahigherprice.

C.Enablingthemtosimplifytheirmathematicalformulas.

D.Helpingthemdeterminewhattosellandatwhatprice.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

【解析】PassageOne

Weatherisaconstantforceinourlives,butthere’slittlemarketingresearchonhowitaffectsbusinesses.[9]Now,anewstudyrevealshowsunnyandsnowyconditionsinfluenceconsumerbehavior.[10]Thoseweatherconditionstriggerconsumerstomentallyvisualizeusingproductsassociatedwiththerespectiveweather.Thisleadstoconsumersplacingahighervalueonthoseproducts,thatis,they’rewillingtopaymoremoneyforthem.Butthecorrelationisonlyfoundwithproductsrelatedtobeingoutside.Howdoesthiswork?Researchersgivetheexampleofabeachtowel.Onasunnyday,consumerswhoseethatproductarenotjustlookingatthetowelitself.Theyarelikelyimaginingthemselveslyingonthetowelinthesun.[10]Thismentalpictureofusingthetowelincreasesthevalueoftheproductintheconsumers’mind.Researchersputforwardthefollowinghypothesistoexplaintheirfindings.Theythinkthementalpictureworksinsunshineandsnowbecausetheseweatherconditionshaveapositiveassociationwithoutsideactivities.Theeffectisnotseenwithrainyweather.Researchersassertthisisbecausetherearen’tmanyactivitiesthatareenabledbyrain.Mostproductsassociatedwithrainlikeumbrellasareonlyusedforprotectionfromtheweatherandnotforanyactivities.Researchersbelievethatcompaniesthatsellawidearrayofproductsonlinecanbenefitmostfromtheinsightsthisstudyprovides.[11]Onlinesellersoftenusecomplexmathematicalformulastodeterminewhatproductstofeatureandhowtopricetheseproducts.Incorporatingmoredataaboutweatherwouldallowthemtomakebetterdecisions.Thiscouldbolstersales.

9.Whatdowelearnaboutthefindingsofthenewstudy?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问关于这项新研究的发现，我们可以知道什么？录音开始不久便提到，一项新的研究揭示了晴雪天气对消费者行为的影响，C选项“天气条件影响消费者的购买行为”与录音原文表述相符，因此正确。A选项“消费者想象他们在不同天气下的活动”和D选项“消费者的心理状态随着商品价格的变化而变化”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。B选项“好的天气引发消费者购物的欲望”，录音中只是表明晴雪天气会触发消费者将这些天气与产品的使用联想在一起，而这样的联想会增加产品在消费者心目中的价值，也就是说，他们愿意为这些产品支付更多的钱。这表明他们愿意花更高的价格来购买东西，并不是说好天气引发购物欲，因此B选项不正确。

10.Whatdoesthepassagesaymayincreasethevalueofproductsforconsumers?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问对消费者来说，什么可以增加产品的价值。录音中提及晴雪天气会促使消费者想象与这些天气相关的商品使用情景，从而增加商品在消费者心目中的价值，并以沙滩毛巾为例具体说明。因此，B选项“大脑想象”正确。A选项“直接关联”利用correlation作干扰，消费者通过天气联想商品使用的场景，然后想象的画面使得商品增值，这是间接的关联，因此A选项不正确；C选项“个人关联”，新研究揭示的是一般消费者的普遍行为，并没有针对个人进行研究，因此不正确；D选项“主动消费”，录音中并没有表明消费是主动还是被动，因此D选项也不正确。

11.Howcanthefindingsofthenewstudybenefitonlinesellers,accordingtotheresearchers?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问研究人员认为这项新研究的发现可以怎样使网上卖家受益？录音结尾处提及，研究人员认为网上卖家在决定卖什么和定什么价格时，如果能把更多的天气信息纳入考虑，会有助于做出更明智的决定，从而促进销售。因此，D选项“帮助他们决定卖什么和定什么价格”正确。A选项“帮助他们宣传更多种类的产品”，录音中并没有提及“advertise（宣传）”这一信息，因此不正确；B选项“使他们能以更高的价格销售产品”，新研究发现跟某些天气条件有正相关的产品可以在消费者心中增值，从而使他们愿意支付更多的钱，但并非所有商品都有这些效应，因此可排除B选项；C选项“使他们能够简化数学公式”利用mathematicalformulas设置干扰，录音只提及网上卖家用复杂的数学公式去帮助做销售决策，新研究的发现可以帮助他们更好地做决策，但没说简化数学公式，因此C选项也不正确。

7.单选题

InSecondNature，NobelPrize-winningneuroscientistGeraldEdelmanarguesthatthebrainandmindareunified,buthehaslittlepatiencewiththeclaimthatthebrainisacomputer.Fortunatelyforthegeneralreader,hisexplanationsofbrainfunctionareaccessible,reinforcedbyconcreteexamplesandmetaphors.

Edelmansuggeststhatthankstotherecentdevelopmentofinstrumentscapableofmeasuringbrainstructurewithinmillimetersandbrainactivitywithinmilliseconds,perceptions,thoughts,memories,willedacts,andothermindmatterstraditionallyconsideredprivateandimpenetrabletoscientificscrutinynowcanbecorrelatedwithbrainactivity.Ourconsciousness(a“first-personaffair”displayingintentionality,reflectingbeliefsanddesires,etc.)，ourcreativity,evenourvaluesystems,haveabasisinbrainfunction.

Theauthordescribesthreeunifyinginsightsthatcorrelatemindmatterswithbrainactivity.First,evendistantneuronswillestablishmeaningfulconnections(circuits)iftheirfiringpatternsaresynchronized.Second,experiencecaneitherstrengthenorweakensynapses(neuronalconnections).Finally,thereisreentry,thecontinuedsignalingfromonebrainregiontoanotherandbackagainalongmassivelyparallelnervefibers.

Edelmanconcedesthatneurologicalexplanationsforconsciousnessandotheraspectsofmindarenotcurrentlyavailable,butheisconfidentthattheywillbesoon.Meanwhile,heiscomfortablehazardingaguess:“Allofourmentallife...isbasedonthestructureanddynamicsofourbrain.”Despitethisoptimismabouttheexplanatorypowersofneuroscience,Edelmanacknowledgesthepitfallsinattemptingtoexplainallaspectsofmindinneurologicalterms.Indeed,culture—notbiology—istheprimarydeterminantofthebrain’sevolution,andhasbeensincetheemergenceoflanguage,henotes.

However,IwassurprisedtolearnthatheconsidersSigmundFreud“thekeyexpositoroftheeffectsofunconsciousprocessesonbehavior.”SuchacommentignoreshowslightlyFreud’sconceptionoftheunconscious,withitsemphasisonsexualityandaggression,resemblesthecognitiveunconsciousstudiedbyneuroscientists.

Still,SecondNatureiswellworthreading.Itservesasabridgebetweenthetraditionallyseparatecampsof“hard”scienceandthehumanities.Readerswithoutatleastsomefamiliaritywithbrainsciencewilllikelyfindthegoingdifficultatcertainpoints.Nonetheless,Edelmanhasachievedhisgoalofproducingaprovocativeexplorationof“howwecometoknowtheworldandourselves”.

1.GeraldEdelmanwouldmostprobablysupporttheideathatthebrain（

）.

2.Itwaspreviouslyfeltthatperceptionsandothermindmatterscouldhardlybe

（

）.

3.Edelmanfirmlybelievesthat

（

）.

4.AccordingtoEdelman,toprovideathoroughexplanationofhumanmind,neurosciencewillbe

（

）.

5.Theauthordisagreeswiththeideathattheneuroscience-basedcognitiveunconsciouscanbe

（

）.

6.Accordingtotheauthor，SecondNatureisagoodbookbecause（

）.

问题1选项

A.co-functionswiththemind

B.workslikeacomputer

C.hasanaccessiblefunction

D.sendssignalstothemind

问题2选项

A.treatedasasignificantissue

B.studiedwithscientificmethods

C.separatedfrombrainactivity

D.handledwithsurgicalinstruments

问题3选项

A.brainsignalswillrepeatedlygofromonebrainregiontoanother.

B.experiencewillhaveanilleffectonneuronalconnections

C.distantneuronswillhelpsynchronizetheirfiringpatterns

D.mindmatterswillbeexplainedfromaneurologicalperspective

问题4选项

A.responsible

B.insufficient

C.impractical

D.reliable

问题5选项

A.clearlyexplainedbyFreud’stheory

B.affectedbylanguageacquisition

C.studiedrelevantlytosexualbehavior

D.examinedconcerningculturalbackgrounds

问题6选项

A.itintereststhereaderinspiritualactivities

B.itappealstothereadertostudybioscience

C.itsetsthereaderprobingintohumancognition

D.itpresentstheadvancementofnaturalscience

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:C

【解析】1.细节推断题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第一段第一句。根据“InSecondNature，NobelPrize-winningneuroscientistGeraldEdelmanarguesthatthebrainandmindareunified,buthehaslittlepatiencewiththeclaimthatthebrainisacomputer.(诺贝尔奖获得者神经学家杰拉尔德•埃德尔曼认为,大脑和思维是统一的,但他对大脑是一台电脑这一观点毫无耐心。)”即可得出本题答案。

2.细节推断题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第二段第一句。根据“…mindmatterstraditionallyconsideredprivateandimpenetrabletoscientificscrutinynowcanbecorrelatedwithbrainactivity.（传统上被认为是私人的、无法通过科学检查的精神问题，现在可能与大脑活动有关）”即可得出本题答案。

3.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第四段第一句。根据“Edelmanconcedesthatneurologicalexplanationsforconsciousnessandotheraspectsofmindarenotcurrentlyavailable,butheisconfidentthattheywillbesoon.（埃德尔曼承认，目前还没有对意识和思维其他方面的神经学解释，但他相信很快就会有。）”,即可得出本题答案。

4.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第四段第三句。根据“Edelmanacknowledgesthepitfallsinattemptingtoexplainallaspectsofmindinneurologicalterms.（埃德尔曼承认，试图用神经学术语解释思维的所有方面存在缺陷）”即可得出本题答案。

5.细节推理题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第五段。本段大意为：作者并不同意Edelman的观点，因为作者认为SigmundFreud关于无意识的概念与神经科学家们提出的认知无意识的观点并无相似之处。(SuchacommentignoreshowslightlyFreud’sconceptionoftheunconscious,withitsemphasisonsexualityandaggression,resemblesthecognitiveunconsciousstudiedbyneuroscientists.)从而得出本题答案。

6.细节推理题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文最后一段。“Itservesasabridgebetweenthetraditionallyseparatecampsof“hard”scienceandthehumanities.(它是连接传统上“硬”科学和人文学科两大阵营的桥梁。)”通过归纳推理即可得出本题答案。

8.单选题

FilmCriticMarkAdamslooksbackoverthelasttenyearsofhisworkasafilmcriticforanewspapercalledTheFrontPageWritingarticlesaboutfilmsforTheFrontPagewasmyfirstproperjoB.BeforethenIhaddonebitsofreviewing—novelsforothernewspapers,filmsforamagazineandanythingIwasaskedtodofortheradio.ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.Hehiredme,butTomwasnotprimarilyajournalist,orhewouldcertainlyhavebeenmorecarefulinchoosinghisstaff.

Atfirst,hisideawasthatateamofcriticsshouldtakecareoftheartformsthatdidn'trequirespecializedknowledge:books,TV,theatre,filmandradio.TherewouldbeaweeklylunchatwhichwewouldmakeourchoicesfromtheartisticmaterialthatTomhaddecidedweshouldcover,thoughtherewouldalsobegueststomaketheatmospheresociable.

Itallfeltlikeabitofadreamatthattime:anewnewspaper,andIwasoneoftheteam.Itseemedsounlikelythatapapercouldbeintroducedintoacrowdedmarket.Itseemedjustaslikelythatamillionairewantedtohelpmepersonally,andwaspretendingtoemployme.Suchwasmylackofself-confidence.Infact,thefirsttimeIsawsomeonereadingthenewspaperontheLondonunderground,thenturningtoapageonwhichoneofmyreviewsappeared,Ididn'tknowwheretolook.

Tom'soriginalschemeforateamofcriticsfortheartsnevertookoff.Itwasagoodidea,butwedidn'tgettogetherasplannedandsoeverythingwasdonebyphone.Itturnedout,too,thatthegeneralpublicouttherepreferredtoassociateareviewerwithasinglesubjectarea,andsoIchosefilm.WithoutTom'sinitialpush,though,wewouldhardlyhavecomeupwiththepresentarrangement,bywhichIwriteanextendedweeklypiece,usuallyononefilm.

TheLuxuryofthiswayofworkingsuitsmewell.Iwouldn'thavebeeninterestedinthemorestandardfilmcritic'srole,whichinvolvesconsideringeveryfilmthatcomesout.That'saroutinethatwouldmakemestaleinnotimeatall.IwouldsoonbesinkingintomyseatonaMondaymorningwiththesigh,“WhatinsultingrubbishmustIsitthroughnow?”—astyleofsighthatcanoftenbeheardinscreeningroomsaroundtheworld.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutTomSeatonfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Aweeklylunchwasarrangedforcriticsto___.

3.WhenMarkstartedworkingforTheFrontPage,he___.

4.Intheend,theorganizationoftheteamwasinfluencedby___.

5.Marktakesthenewwayofworkingas“luxury”(paragraph5)because___.

问题1选项

A.HeencouragedMarktobecomeawriter

B.Hehadworkedinvariousareasofthemedia

C.HemetMarkwhenworkingfortelevision

D.Hepreferstoemploypeoplethathemeetssomewhere

问题2选项

A.gettoknoweachother

B.exchangeinformation

C.takeworksfornewcriticism

D.entertainoccasionalvisitors

问题3选项

A.doubtedthepaperwouldsucceed

B.wasembarrassedatbeingrecognized

C.feltitneededimprovement

D.wassurprisedtoearnsomuch

问题4选项

A.thereaders'preference

B.theavailabilityofwriters

C.thepressureoftime

D.thepopularityofsubjects

问题5选项

A.itenableshimtoplayhisrole

B.itenableshimtomakeachoice

C.itenableshimtoseetheworld

D.itenableshimtoseealotoffilms

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键字thefirstparagraph可以定位到文章首段“ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.”中文翻译为：我就是这样认识了汤姆•西顿(TomSeaton)的，他是《纽约时报》头版的第一位艺术编辑，同时也为电视撰稿。可以判断只有C项“他在为电视台工作时遇到了马克”正确。

2.细节事实题。由题干关键字Aweeklylunch可以定位到原文第二段“TherewouldbeaweeklylunchatwhichwewouldmakeourchoicesfromtheartisticmaterialthatTomhaddecidedweshouldcover…”中文大意为：每周会有一次午餐，我们会从汤姆决定我们应该报道的艺术材料中做出选择。因此可知C选项“接受新的评论工作”正确，符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由题干可定位到原文第三段“Itseemedsounlikelythatapapercouldbeintroducedintoacrowdedmarket.”中文翻译为：一份报纸似乎不太可能被引入一个拥挤的市场。判断A选项“怀疑这份报纸能否成功”正确。

4.推理判断题。由题干可定位到原文第四段“Itturnedout,too,thatthegeneralpublicouttherepreferredtoassociateareviewerwithasinglesubjectarea,andsoIchosefilm.”中文翻译为：结果也证明，公众更喜欢把一个评论家和一个单一的主题领域联系起来，所以我选择了电影。可知选项A“读者的偏好”正确。

5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文倒数第二段“WithoutTom'sinitialpush,though,wewouldhardlyhavecomeupwiththepresentarrangement,bywhichIwriteanextendedweeklypiece,usuallyononefilm.”中文翻译为：如果没有汤姆最初的推动，我们很

难达成现在的安排，我每周写一篇文章，通常是关于一部电影。以及最后一段“Iwouldn'thavebeeninterestedinthemorestandardfilmcritic'srole,whichinvolvesconsideringeveryfilmthatcomesout.”中文翻译为：我不会对更标准的影评人这个角色感兴趣，这个角色需要考虑每一部上映的电影。判断出B选项“这使他能够做出选择”符合题意。

9.单选题

Herfamilycomplainedthatshewasoveractiveandspending______amountsofmoney.

问题1选项

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A项extinct“绝种的”，B项excluding“将……排除在外”，C项excessive“过度的”，D项exclusive“独有的，排外的”。根据overactive“过于活跃的”和amountsofmoney“一定金额的钱”可推测，空格部分表示“过多的，过度的”；只有C项符合。句意：她的家人抱怨她过于活跃，花钱大手大脚。因此，该题选择C项正确。

10.单选题

Intheory,governmentsarefreetosettheirowneconomicpolicies;inpractice,theymustconformtoaglobaleconomicmodelorriskbeing（

）bythemarket.

问题1选项

A.replaced

B.overlooked

C.saturated

D.penalized

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。replace“代替；更换”；overlook“忽略；俯瞰；远眺；检查”；saturate“使湿透；使饱和”；penalize“惩罚”。句意：理论上，政府有制定经济政策的自由；实际上，他们必须遵守国际经济模式或冒险被市场惩罚。选项D符合题意。

11.单选题

OneofthefavoritefoodsintheUnitedStatesisthehamburger,akindofflatroundbreadwithfine-cutbeefinbetween.Thefavoriteplacetobuyahamburgerisafastfoodrestaurant.Atfastfoodrestaurants,peopleordertheirfood,waitafewminutestogetitoverthecounter,andcarryittotheirtablesthemselves.Peoplealsotaketheirfoodoutoftherestauranttoeatitintheircarsorintheirhomes.Atsomefastfoodrestaurants,peoplecanordertheirfood,payforitandpickitupwithoutleavingtheircars.

TherearemanykindsoffastfoodrestaurantsintheUnitedStates.MostoftherestaurantssellhamburgersorotherpopularfoodsamongAmericans.Inaddition,therearemanyfastfoodrestaurantsthatserveChinesefood,Italianfood,chicken,seafoodandicecream.Theideaofafastfoodrestaurantissopopularthatnearlyeverykindoffoodcanbefoundinone.

FastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausetheyshowtheAmericanwayoflife.First,theyarenotformalrestaurants.Peoplewearanytypeofdresswhentheygotoafastfoodplace.Second,theyarefast.Peoplewhoarebusydonotwanttospendtimepreparingtheirfoodorwaitingwhilesomeoneelsepreparesit.Infastfoodrestaurantsthefoodrestaurantisnotexpensive.Therefore,peoplecanofteneatatafastfoodrestaurantwithoutspendingtoomuchmoney,whiletheymaynotbeabletogotomoreexpensiverest

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.Fastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausethey（

）.

3.Accordingtothewriter,Americanpeople

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,thefavoriterestaurantsintheU.S.are

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.Chinesefoodisalsoservedinsomefastfoodrestaurants

B.Peoplecanhavealmosteverykindoffoodinfastfoodrestaurants

C.Fastfoodcanbetakenoutoftherestaurants

D.Fastfoodcanbetakenoutoftherestaurants

问题2选项

A.aremany

B.arefast

C.areexpensiverestaurants

D.serveexpensivefood

问题3选项

A.arealwaysbusy

B.preferordinarytypeofdress

C.donotwanttospendtoomuchtimepreparingtheirfood

D.gotomoreexpensiverestaurantsveryoften

问题4选项

A.theChineserestaurants

B.thefastfoodrestaurants

C.moreexpensiverestaurants

D.lessexpensiverestaurants

问题5选项

A.FastfoodRestaurantsintheU.S.

B.TheFavoriteFoodintheU.S.

C.TheAmericanWayofLife

D.DifferentKindsofRestaurants

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章最后一段指出:mostfoodinafastfoodrestaurantisnotexpensive(快餐店的大多数食物都不贵),因此C项错误。

2.细节事实题。第三段指出:FastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausetheyshowtheAmericanwayoflife(快餐店很受欢迎，因为它们展现了美国人的生活方式),后面指出了受欢迎的第二点原因,即快餐店很快。因此B正确。

3.细节事实题。第三段指出:peoplewhoarebusydonotwanttospendtimepreparingtheirfood...(忙碌的人不想花时间准备食物),因此C正确。

4.细节事实题。第三段指出:Fastfoodrestaurantsarepopular…,而且文章都是在讲快餐店很受欢迎。故B项“快餐店”正确。

5.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲快餐店的点餐方式,第二段讲美国快餐店种类之多,第三段讲快餐店受欢迎的原因。因此A项“美国的快餐店”正确。

12.单选题

Thefamousartist,whenaskedonthenewsreleaseforhisrecentworks,hissuccesstodiligenceandintelligence（）.

问题1选项

A.contributed

B.attributed

C.devoted

D.dedicated

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项contributed“有助于，贡献”；B选项attributed“把……归因于，归结”；C选项devoted“献身于，致力于”；D选项dedicated“把……奉献给”。句意：这位著名的艺术家在新闻发布会上被问到他最近的作品时，他把他的成功都归功于勤奋和聪明。由空格前diligenceandintelligence（勤奋和聪明）以及success（成功）的逻辑关系可知是成功归因于勤奋和聪明，所以B选项意思正确。因此B选项符合题意。

13.单选题

A______ofchickensarethosehatchedinanestatonetime.

问题1选项

A.flock

B.herd

C.brood

D.swarm

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项flock“群”，aflockof表示“一群（鸟，羊等）”；B项herd“兽群，畜群”，aherdof表示“一群（牛、鹿等）”；C项brood“一窝鸟，一窝动物”，abroodof表示“一窝”，适用于在母兽保护下的幼崽，尤指家养的或打猎用的鸟类的幼鸟；D项swarm“一大群，蜂群”，指一群昆虫，如蚂蚁、蜜蜂或黄蜂，aswarmof表示“一大群，一大堆”。根据关键词chicken可知，C项符合语境。句意：一窝小鸡是指一次孵出的小鸡。因此，该题选择C项正确。

14.单选题

PresidentClinton’sdecisiononApr.8tosendChinesePremierZhuRongjipackingwithoutanagreementonChina’sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganizationseemedtobeamassivemiscalculation.ThePresidenttookadrubbingfrommuchofthepress,whichhadbreathlesslyreportedthatadealwasinthebag.TheCabinetandWhiteHousestillappeareddivided,andbusinessleaderswerecharacterizedasfuriousoverthelostopportunity.ZhuchargedthatClintonlacked‘thecourage”toreachanaccord.AndwhenClintonlatertelephonedtheangryZhutopledgearenewedeffortatnegotiations,thegesturewaswidelyportrayedasaflip-flop.

Infact,ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal.Alotmorehorsetradingisneededbeforeafinalagreementcanbereached.AndwithouttheAdministration’sgoalofa“bullet-proofagreement”thatbusinesslobbyistscanenthusiasticallyselltoaRepublicanCongress,thewholeprocesswillendupinpartisanacrimonythatcouldharmrelationswithChinaforyears.

THEHARDPART.Manybusinesslobbyists,whiledisappointedthatthedealwasnotclosed,agreethatbettertermscanstillbehad.AndTreasury,SecretaryRobertE.Rubin,NationalEconomicCouncilDirectorGeneB.Spelling,CommerceSecretaryWilliamM.Daley,andtoptradenegotiatorCharleneBarshefskyalladvisedClintonthatwhiletheChinesehadmadearemarkablenumberofconcessions,“we’renotthereyet，’’accordingtoseniorofficials.

NegotiatingwithZhuovertheremainingissuesmaybetheeasypart.AlthoughClintoncansignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentryintotheWTOhimself,heneedsCongresstograntBeijingpermanentmost-favored-nationstatusaspartofabroadtradeaccord.AndthetemptationformeddlingonCapitalHillmayproveover-whelming.ZhuhadbarelylandedbeforeSenateMajorityLeaderTrentLott(R-Miss)declaredhimselfskepticalthatChinadeservedentryintotheWTO.AndSenatorJesseA.Helms(R-NC)andErnestF.Hollings(D-S.C)promisedtointroduceabillrequiringcongressionalapprovalofanydeal.

Thehiddenmessagefromthesethreetextile-stateSoutherners:GetmoreprotectionfortheUS.clothingindustry.Hopingtosmooththeway,theAdministra