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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津城市建设管理职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

ThemoistairofthePacificOceanbringsa()climatetothewestcoastoftheUnitedStates.

问题1选项

A.chilly

B.temperate

C.modest

D.compromising

【答案】B

【解析】句意:太平洋潮湿的空气给美国西海岸带来了温和的气候。气候温和用temperateclimate,所以选项B正确。

2.单选题

SomeofmyclassmatesinthesamedormestablishedachattinggroupontheNetwhenbroadbandwasavailableoncampus.Theneveryonefacedtheirownlaptopsandtalkedtoeachotherbysendingmessagesinthechattinggroupinthesameroom.Theirdormwassilentthewholenight.Theonlysoundcamefromtappingthekeyboard.Beforetheywenttobedthatnight,allofthemsighedandsaid,“that’sridiculous.”

InformationTechnologybringsaboutrevolutionarychangestohumancommunication.TheInternetmakestheworldglobalvillage;thatistosay,wecangetintouchwitheachotherswiftlyregardlessofone’slocation.However,doestheconvenienceincommunicationmeanthatweareactuallygettingcloser?Idon’tthinkso.Astheanecdoteaboveshows,accesstobroadbandmademyfellowclassmatesfallinsilence.TheCambridgeInternationalDictionarydefines“communication”as“variousmethodsofsendinginformationbetweenpeopleandplaces.”whileitdefines“communicate”as“tobeabletounderstandeachotherandhaveasatisfactoryrelationship.”Therefore.TheboomingofITinmodernsocietyisonlytheboomingofcommunication.Exchangingideasandmutualunderstandingbetweenpeopledonotbaseonsuchbooming.Onthecontrary,duetotherevolutionarychanges,we’regettingfartherfromeachothertosomeextent.

Mutualunderstandingisbasedonexpression.However,expressiondoesn’tnecessarilyleadtosoultouchingcommunicationandunderstanding.Whenwewafflewithamereacquaintance,wenormallyconcealourtruefeelings.Thus,wedon’testablishcommunicationwithhim,becausewedonotneedhimtounderstandus.Theeraofcyberspacefurtherdemonstratessuchseparationofformandcontent.

TheInternetgivesusnearlyabsolutefreedomtospeakandexpressourselves.Withtheprosperityofblog,thereare,accordingtorecentstatistics,about400,000bloggersinChinatoday.BloggersexpressthemselvesontheNetattheirwill,whileothersreadtheirblogandgivecommentsonceforawhile.Itseemsthatblogcanmakeustouchuponthebloggers’insideworld,andmakeusknowthembetter.However,thingsarenotalwaysthatperfect.

Manynetizensareabusingtheirrightoffreeexpression.OnceyouopentheExplorerandbrowseawebsite,trashinformationaboutsexandviolencehitsoureyes.PeoplescoldandflirtinthechatroomandBulletinBoardSystem(BBS).Whenblogcomesintobeing,netizenseventransfersuchvulgarityintotheirpersonalspaces,andshowittothepublic.

IntheeraoftheInformationTechnologyboom,thefarthestdistanceonearthisnolongerthepolardistance.Thenegativeimpactsbroughtaboutbycyberspacehaveimposedanunfilledgulfbetweensouls.Sincewecannotcommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore,thedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearth.

1.Themostridiculouspartoftheanecdoteisthat().

2.Accordingtotheauthor,InformationTechnology().

3.TheauthorbelievesthattheboomingofITinmodernsociety().

4.Theprosperityofblogdoesnothelpustotoucheachotherbecause().

5.TheauthorbelievesthatintheeraoftheInformationTechnologyboomthedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearthbecause().

问题1选项

A.therewasadeadsilenceinthedormroomthewholenight

B.theonlysoundcamefromtappingthekeyboard

C.thoselivinginthesameroomcommunicatedbysendingmessagesviatheNet

D.theyallfacedtheirownlaptops

问题2选项

A.bringspeopleclosertoeachother

B.resultsinsilenceamongherfellowclassmates

C.enablesustoreachanyoneswiftly

D.helpstomaketheworldaglobalvillage

问题3选项

A.encouragestheexchangeofideasandthemutualunderstandingbetweenpeople

B.leadstosoultouchingcommunicationandunderstanding

C.helpstoestablishasatisfactoryrelationship

D.resultsinfurtherseparationbetweenpeople

问题4选项

A.manypeopleabusetheirrightoffreeexpressionontheNet

B.vulgarityhasbeentransferredintobloggers’personalspaces

C.bloggersexpressthemselvesontheNetattheirwill

D.anyoneisabletoreadblogandgivecomments

问题5选项

A.thereisalwaysasilence

B.peoplearenotabletocommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore

C.theInternetgivesusnearlyabsolutefreedomtoexpressourselves

D.peoplecanscoldandflirtinthechatroomatwill

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知,这个轶事最荒谬的是:大家待在同一个宿舍里,却通过网络发送信息进行交流。选项C符合原文。

2.根据第二段的第二句“TheInternetmakestheworldglobalvillage;thatistosay,wecangetintouchwitheachotherswiftlyregardlessofone’slocation.”互联网使世界成为地球村;也就是说,我们可以很快地联系到对方,不管对方在哪里。选项C符合原文。

3.根据第二段最后一句“Onthecontrary,duetotherevolutionarychanges,we’regettingfartherfromeachothertosomeextent.”信息技术使我们彼此在某种程度上越来越疏远。选项D符合原文。

4.根据倒数第二段第一句“Manynetizensareabusingtheirrightoffreeexpression.”许多网民滥用他们的言语自由权。选项A符合原文。

5.根据最后一段最后一句“Sincewecannotcommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore,thedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearth.”由于我们不能像以前那样互相交流,人与人之间的心的距离已经成为地球上最远的距离。选项B符合原文。

3.填空题

Everytimeapersoneatssomethinghemakesanutritionaldecision.Heacceptsorrejectsthefoodavailabletohimathomeformealsorsnacks.Orheselectsfoodforhimselfatmanyplacesinthecommunity,(1)supermarkets,drive-ins,restaurants,andfoodcountersindrugstores.Theseselectionsmakea(2)inhowanindividuallooks,howhefeels,andhowwellhecanworkandplay.

Whenagoodassortmentoffoodin(3)amountsisselectedandeaten,theconsequencesaremorelikelytobeadesirablelevelofhealthandenoughenergyto(4)onetobeasactiveasheneedsandwantstobe.Whenchoicesarelessthandesirable,the(5)arelikelytobepoorhealthorlimitedenergyorboth.

StudiesofdietsofindividualsintheUnitedStates(6)thatfoodselectionisahighlyindividualmatter,evenamongyoungchildren.Furthermore,fartoomanyindividualsofallagesaremakingpoorchoicesdayafterdayandareeithernow(7)withtheconsequencesorwillbe(8)thefuture.

Nutritionistsand(9)inalliedprofessionshavebeen(10)abouthelpingpeoplelearntoselectandenjoyawidevarietyoffoodcombinationsthatcan(11)toagooddiet.

Mostpeoplebelievethattheyare(12)—thatthechoicestheymakearegoodones.Afterall,theyarenotreallysick,neitheraretheyhungry.However,theirnutritionisreallypoorinonerespector(13).Milkandmilkproducts,suchascheese,ice-cream,(14),andyogurt,areoftenneglected.Thenpeoplemayleaveoutintheirdietsmanyfruitsandvegetables,(15)thosethataregoodsourcesofvitaminsAandC.Theseincludedarkgreenleafyvegetables;deepyellowvegetables;andcitrusfruitsandvegetables,suchascabbages,tomatoes,andgreenpeppers.

【答案】1.suchas

2.difference

3.appropriate

4.allow

5.consequences

6.show

7.living

8.in

9.workers

10.concerned

11.addup

12.well-fed

13.another

14.buttermilk

15.particularly

【解析】1.前文提到“atmanyplacesinthecommunity在社区的很多地方”,下文出现各种地方如supermarkets,drive-ins“超市、免下车餐厅”等为上文的举例,故选suchas“例如”。

2.前文提到“人们对食物的各种选择”,下文提到“howanindividuallooks…workandplay一个人的外表……工作和娱乐”等推断此处应选择difference,“makeadifference有影响、起作用”整句话的含义为:这些选择对一个人的外表、感觉以及他工作和娱乐的能力产生了影响。

3.由下文关键词“amounts数量”及句子“theconsequencesaremorelikelytobeadesirablelevelofhealth...结果是更有可能获得理想的健康水平”可推断此处应选择“适量的食物”,故选appropriate“合适的;恰当的”。

4.前文提到“适量且好的食物选择更可能让人健康和有充足的能量”可推断此处应选“允许”,表示“允许人们像他需要和想要的那样活跃”,故选allow“容许;允许”。

5.前文提到“Whenchoicesarelessthandesirable但食物选择较不理想时”,下文“…arelikelytobepoorhealthorlimitedenergyorboth可能不健康或者精力有限,或者两者皆有”,根据句意知前后为因果关系,故此处选consequences“结果,后果”。

6.由前文关键词“studies调查,研究”及下文“that”后的调查结果“食物选择是一个高度个性化的问题,即使在幼儿中也是如此”可推断此处选择show“显示”符合题意。

7.上文提到“fartoomanyindividualsofallagesaremakingpoorchoicesdayafterday很多各个年龄阶层的个人每天的食物选择都很糟糕”及下文关键词“withtheconsequences带着这些后果”可推断此处选“living生活”最符合题意。

8.inthefuture为固定短语“在将来”,故选“in”。整句话含义为“此外,很多各个年龄阶层的个人每天的食物选择都很糟糕,他们要么已经生活在这些糟糕选择所带来的后果中,要么将在未来遭遇这些。”

9.由空格前表并列关系的连接词and“和;与”可知此处应选择与“Nutritionists营养学家”同类词,选项中workers“工人;劳动者”最符合题意,故选“workers”。

10.“beconcernedabout关心”为固定短语,故选concerned“关心的”。

11.上文提到“awidevarietyoffoodcombinations各种各样的食物组合”可推断此处指“合计或总计”的意思,故选addup“合计;总计”符合题意。整句话的含义为:营养学家和相关专业的工作人员一直在关注帮助人们学会选择和享受各种各样的食物组合,这些食物组合可以构成好的饮食。

12.下文提到“thatthechoicestheymakearegoodones.认为自己的食物选择是很好的”及“However,theirnutritionisreallypoor...然而,他们的营养实际上很不好……”可推断此处含义为“很多人认为他们营养充足”,故选well-fed“营养充足的”。

13.inonerespect“表示在一个方面”,or“或者;或”表示并列关系,由此可推断another“另外的”符合题意。整句话的含义为:然而,他们的营养在某方面实际上很不好。

14.此处为对“Milkandmilkproducts牛奶及牛奶制品”举例,选项中只有buttermilk“脱脂牛奶”符合题意,故选“buttermilk”。

15.前文提到“Thenpeoplemayleaveoutintheirdietsmanyfruitsandvegetables然后是人们可能在自己的食物中漏掉很多水果和蔬菜”,下文中"thosethataregoodsourcesofvitaminsAandC,那些富含维他命A与C的水果和蔬菜”可推断此处表示“特别是那些常含维他命A与C的水果和蔬菜”,选项中particularly“特别地”符合题意。

4.单选题

Theyareworking(

)timetofulfillthetaskaccordingtotheschedule.

问题1选项

A.against

B.over

C.aheadof

D.before

【答案】A

【解析】workagainsttime为固定搭配,指抢时间完成工作,以全速工作。句意:他们正在争分夺秒地工作,以便按时完成任务。选项A符合句意。

5.单选题

Peoplewillbelookingintoseehowgoodwearenowandwhetheroursuccesshasjustbeena()inthepan.

问题1选项

A.flare

B.glitter

C.spark

D.flash

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项flare“闪耀”;B选项glitter“灿烂”;C选项spark“火花”;D选项flash“闪光”。句意:人们会来看看我们现在有多好,我们的成功是否只是昙花一现。flashinthepan,固定搭配,“昙花一现”。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

Attheweddingceremony,thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedringsasa______oftheirlove.

问题1选项

A.present

B.token

C.mark

D.sign

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.present礼物;礼品B.token象征;标志

C.mark污点;污渍D.sign迹象;征兆

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedrings(新郎和新娘交换了戒指)可推知,交换戒指是爱情的象征,故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】在婚礼上,新郎和新娘交换了戒指作为他们爱情的象征。

7.单选题

Assoonasweenteredthehouse,wefeltanintangiblesenseofgloomandhopelessness.

问题1选项

A.untouchable

B.unconscious

C.imponderable

D.unjustifiable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。横线单词intangible意为“无形的,触摸不到的;难以理解的”;A选项“untouchable”意为“达不到的;不可批评的;不可捉摸的”;B选项“unconscious”意为“无意识的;失去知觉的;不省人事的;未发觉的”;C选项“imponderable”意为“无重量的;无法计算的”;D选项“unjustifiable”意为“不合道理的;不能分辩的;辩护不了的”。句意:我们一走进房子,就感到一种难以言喻的阴郁和绝望。由题干可知,senseofgloomandhopelessness(忧郁和绝望的感觉)是无法触摸的,所以可以推测出intangible在此处最可能是“触摸不到的”的意思,四个选项中untouchable具有“不可捉摸的”的意思,与此相近。因此A选项符合题意。

8.单选题

BigBenisoneofLondon’sbest-knownlandmark,andlooksmostspectacularatnightwhentheclockfacesarelighted.Youevenknowwhenparliamentisinsession,becausealightshinesabovetheclockface.

Thefourdialsoftheclockare23feetsquare,theminutehandis14feetlongandthefiguresare2feethigh.Minutelyregulated(校准)withastackofcoinsplacedonthehugependulum,BigBenisanexcellenttimekeeper,whichhasrarelystopped.

ThenameBigBenactuallyrefersnottotheclock-toweritself,buttothethirteen-tonbellhungwithin.Thebellwasnamedafterthefirstcommissionerofworks,SirBenjaminHall.ThisbellcameoriginallyfromtheoldPalaceofWestminster,andwasgiventotheDeanofSt.PaulbyWilliamIII.BeforereturningtoWestminstertohanginitspresenthome,itwasrefashionedinWhitechapelin1858.TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimes(报时)onthe31stDecember1923—thereisamicrophoneintheturretconnectedtoBroadcastingHouse.

DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament,buttheclocktowerremainedintactandBigBencontinuedtokeeptimeandstrikeawaythehours,itsuniquesoundwasbroadcasttothenationandaroundtheworld,awelcomereassuranceofhopetoallwhoheardit.

Thetowerisnotopentothegeneralpublic,butthosewitha“specialinterest”mayarrangeavisittothetopoftheClockTowerthroughtheirlocal(UK)MP.

1.Whenparliamenthasmeeting().

2.Whichoffollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Thebellwasonceownedby().

4.TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimesontheeveof().

5.Theword“intact”inLine2,Para.4probablymeans().

问题1选项

A.alightisonabovetheface

B.theclockfacesarelighted

C.BigBenstrikesthetime

D.BigBenlightstheparliament

问题2选项

A.BigBenhasonlyonehand.

B.BigBenhasneverstopped.

C.BigBenhasahugependulummadeofcoins.

D.CoinsareusedtomakeBigBenworkmoreprecisely.

问题3选项

A.theBBC

B.theDeanofSt.Paul

C.SirBenjaminHall

D.theoldPalaceofWestminster

问题4选项

A.1858

B.1923

C.1924

D.1941

问题5选项

A.uncut

B.unharmed

C.uninjured

D.undamaged

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段第二句Youevenknowwhenparliamentisinsession,becausealightshinesabovetheclockface.(你甚至知道议会什么时候开会,因为一盏灯在钟面上方闪烁。)由此得知A选项“钟面上有一盏灯”正确。B选项“钟面是亮的”并不准确;C选项“大本钟在报时”没有提及;D选项“大本钟照亮了议会”不对。

2.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第二段第二句话Minutelyregulatedwithastackofcoinsplacedonthehugependulum,BigBenisanexcellenttimekeeper,whichhasrarelystopped.(大本钟的钟摆上放置了一堆硬币,精确地调节着时间,它是一个出色的计时器,很少停下来。)因此D选项“硬币被用来使大本钟工作得更精确”正确。A选项“大本钟只有一个指针”在第二段的第一句话Thefourdialsoftheclockare23feetsquare,theminutehandis14feetlongandthefiguresare2feethigh.(这个钟的四个转盘是23平方英尺,分针是14英尺长,数字是2英尺高。)这里可以看出大本钟是否有多于一个指针原文并没有提及;B选项“大本钟从不停止转动”,原文说大本钟很少停下,说明它还是会停止,只是很罕见;C选项“大本钟有一个由硬币组成的巨大钟摆”,硬币只是让大本钟变得更准确,但并不是它的钟摆组成。

3.事实细节题。根据原文定位到第三段的第三句话ThisbellcameoriginallyfromtheoldPalaceofWestminster,andwasgiventotheDeanofSt.PaulbyWilliamIII.(这只钟最初来自威斯敏斯特宫,是威廉三世送给圣保罗教长的。)因此B选项“它是属于圣保罗的教长的”正确。A、C、D均不符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第三段的倒数第一句话TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimesonthe31stDecember1923—thereisamicrophoneintheturretconnectedtoBroadcastingHouse.(英国广播公司于1923年12月31日首次播放了大本钟,它的信息塔上有一个麦克风连接到广播大楼。)而原文问的是在哪一年的前夜,因此C选项正确。A选项在倒数第三段BeforereturningtoWestminstertohanginitspresenthome,itwasrefashionedinWhitechapelin1858.(在回到威斯敏斯特悬挂在现在的家中之前,它在1858年被重新设计在白色教堂。)与事件不符合;B选项与题干不符合;D选项在倒数第二段DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament(1941年第二次世界大战期间,一枚炸弹摧毁了下议院的议会)与事件不符。

5.语义推测题。根据题干定位到第四段DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament,buttheclocktowerremainedintactandBigBencontinuedtokeeptimeandstrikeawaythehours(1941年第二次世界大战期间,一枚炸弹摧毁了下议院的议会,但钟楼仍完好无损,大本钟继续计时,不停地敲响钟声)根据原文含义可知intact意为“完整的,原封不动的”。A选项“未切的,毛边的,未雕琢的,未割的”;B选项“无恙的;没有受伤的(用于人)”;C选项“未受伤害的;未蒙损失的(多用于人或器官)”;D选项“未毁坏的,未损坏的(多用于物品)”,因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtrytorestrictthegrowthofcaruse,orpromotecarswhichuselessfuel.Forgovernmentskeentoreduceelectricity’sdependenceonoilstillfurther,thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower.

Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults.Buthereagainswitchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingthelargersubsidiesthatgototheworld’scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld’senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidizeelectricitypricesupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricereflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thus,cuttinggreenhouseemissions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueifanoilshockcamesoon?

3.WhatisNOTmentionedasawaytoprepareforanoilshock?

4.Whatismeantby“cookingtheearth”?

5.Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Oil,gasandcoalplayanimportantroleinenergysupply.

B.Themorereserves,thegreaterdemandthereisforenergy.

C.Thereisnopointinbotheringaboutnuclearpoweratpresent.

D.Someotherformsofenergywillreplacefossilfuelssomeday.

问题2选项

A.Itwouldn’taffectmuchofthesupplyofelectricity.

B.Itwouldhavegreatimpactontransport.

C.Theworldwouldbebadlyinneedofnuclearplants.

D.Oilpricewouldgoupwards.

问题3选项

A.Exploitingnuclearenergyinstead.

B.Promotingcarswhichconsumelessfuel.

C.Buildingupstockofoilforfutureconsumption.

D.Usingcoalorhydropower.

问题4选项

A.Theearthisgettingwannerasiffueledbycarbondioxidedischargers.

B.Owingtothechangeofclimate,therewillbelessoilreserves

C.Thepowerplantemitstoomuchsmokeandfume.

D.Automobileexhaustsgiveofftoomuchcarbondioxide.

问题5选项

A.Torejecttheideaofturningtonuclearreactorsforenergy.

B.Todemonstratethattherearealternativeformsofenergy.

C.Todefendoilconsumptionfromtheblameforgreenhouseeffect.

D.Towarnpeopleoftheinevitableexhaustionoffossilfuels.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。由文章第一段中Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.可知需求增多,储存随着增多,与B选项表达表述相反;C、D选项在第一段中虽有提及,但都只是一笔带过,因此A选项“石油、天然气和煤炭在能源供应中发挥着重要作用”是本段的主旨。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.(然而,即使石油冲击是真正的危险,建造核反应堆并不是避免它的好方法)可知选C。

第3题:由文章第二段中buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit可知与A选项相符(虽然不是一种好的方法,但也属于一种方法);第三段中promotecarswhichuselessfuel可知B选项相符;第三段中thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower与D选项相符。通过排除法,选C,只有C选项没有在文章中提及。

第4题:词义题。由文章第四段中puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults(在大气中放太多的碳,你可能最终会……可能会造成灾难性的后果)的句意,可知A选项“地球变得越来越暖,好像被二氧化碳排放的燃料点燃”最为恰当。

第5题:主旨大意题。文章第一段主要讲了石油、天然气和煤炭在能源供应中发挥着重要作用;第二段主要讲了石油的重要性及影响,提出了建造核反应堆应对石油危机的想法,因此排除A;第三段主要讲了减少拥堵和污染的方法,以及更便宜的核能替代品;最后一段主要讲了应对气候变化最好的方式是向天然气转变,因此B选项符合题意。

10.单选题

ItisaquestionthathasvexedphilosopherssincetheGreeks.Butitseemswemaynowhavetheanswertothebeguilinglysimplequestion:“Whichcamefirst?”It’stheegg.

Thisreassuringconclusionwastheworkofanexpertpanel(1)aphilosopher,geneticistandchickenfarmer.

“Whetherchickeneggs(2)chickenshingesonthenatureofchickeneggs,”saidpanelmemberandphilosopherofscienceDavidPapineauatKing’sCollegeLondon.

“Iwould(3)it’sachickeneggifithasachickeninit.Ifakangaroolaidanegg(4)whichanostrichhatched,thatwouldsurelybeanostrichegg,notakangarooegg.Bythisreasoning,thefirstchickendidindeedcomefromachickenegg,(5)thateggdidn’tcomefromchickens.”

Theoldestrecorded(6)tothechildishconundrumgoes(7)toacollectionofessaysanddiscussionsbytheGreekhistorianMestriusPlutarchus,bornin46AD.Inasection(8)“WhethertheHenortheEggCameFirst”,hesuggestedthatthequestionwasalreadywell(9):“Theproblemabouttheeggandthehen,whichofthemcamefirst,wasdraggedintoourtalk,adifficultproblemwhichgivesinvestigatorsmuchtrouble.”

Plutarchusalso(10)atthepuzzle’sgreatersignificance:“Sullamycomradesaidthatwithasmallproblem,aswithatool,wewererockinglooseagreatandheavyone,thatofthe(11)oftheworld.”

Whetherthepanel(12)thatdebateisnotclear,buttheywere(13)onthecorrectchicken/eggpeckingorder.JohnBrookfield,anevolutionarygeneticistattheUniversityofNottinghamsaidthe(14)involvespiecingtogetherthespeciationeventinwhichchickensfirst(15).

Heimaginestwonon-chickenparentsgettingtogetherandgiving(16)tothefirstindividualofanew(17)becauseofageneticmutation.“Thefirstchickenmusthavedifferedfromits(18)bysomegeneticchange,perhapsavery(19)one,butonewhichcausedthisbirdtobethefirsteverto(20)ourcriteriafortrulybeingachicken,”saidProfessorBrookfield.

“ThusthelivingorganisminsidetheeggshellwouldhavehadthesameDNAasthechickenthatitwoulddevelopinto,andthuswoulditselfbeamemberofthespeciesofchicken,”headded.

问题1选项

A.including

B.depicting

C.debriefing

D.inspiring

问题2选项

A.proceeded

B.preceded

C.preferred

D.procured

问题3选项

A.explain

B.protest

C.argue

D.suspect

问题4选项

A.at

B.over

C.to

D.from

问题5选项

A.exceptthat

B.incase

C.sothat

D.eventhough

问题6选项

A.conference

B.deference

C.reference

D.inference

问题7选项

A.away

B.back

C.forth

D.astray

问题8选项

A.entitled

B.knighted

C.documented

D.granted

问题9选项

A.established

B.questioned

C.forced

D.grounded

问题10选项

A.cued

B.hinted

C.pronounced

D.pointed

问题11选项

A.invention

B.innovation

C.creation

D.revolution

问题12选项

A.obscured

B.arranged

C.resettled

D.solved

问题13选项

A.disunited

B.unsteady

C.disagreeable

D.unanimous

问题14选项

A.salutation

B.resolution

C.solution

D.renovation

问题15选项

A.drifted

B.evolved

C.perched

D.dwelled

问题16选项

A.rise

B.clue

C.permission

D.way

问题17选项

A.species

B.flock

C.population

D.statistics

问题18选项

A.eggs

B.parents

C.individuals

D.groups

问题19选项

A.arbitrary

B.radical

C.subtle

D.negligible

问题20选项

A.produce

B.furnish

C.change

D.fulfill

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:A

第10题:A

第11题:C

第12题:D

第13题:D

第14题:C

第15题:B

第16题:A

第17题:A

第18题:B

第19题:C

第20题:D

【解析】第1题:(1)根据下文可推测,填空处前后为包含关系,所以选项A正确。

(2)根据句意:鸡蛋是否在鸡之前存在取决于鸡蛋的本质。在...之前用precede,所以选项B正确。proceed开始,继续行进;prefer更喜欢;procure获得。

(3)根据句意可知,填空处后面为某人的观点,而且与上一段的观点不一致,所以选项C符合语境。

(4)根据句意:如果袋鼠下的蛋孵化出鸵鸟,那肯定是鸵鸟蛋,而不是袋鼠蛋。from在这里表示鸵鸟由袋鼠下的蛋孵化而来。所以选项D正确。

(5)句意:根据这个推理,第一只小鸡的确来自鸡蛋,尽管这个蛋不是由鸡下的。eventhough表转折,符合原文语境。选项D正确。

(6)referenceto表示关于,提及,涉及。这里指:关于这个幼稚的难题。

(7)gobackto为固定搭配,意为“追溯到”。选项B正确。

(8)句意:在一个标题为《是先有母鸡还是先有鸡蛋》的章节中。entitle标题为……,称做...;knighted授予爵位;documented用文件证明;granted保证,担保。选项A符合句意。

(9)句意:他暗示这个问题已经很好地确立了。选项A符合原文语境。

(10)cued暗示,给出线索;hinted暗示,示意,后面一般接that从句;pronounced宣告;pointed指出,一般与out搭配。句意:Plutarchus也暗示了这个难解之谜更大的意义。选项A正确。

(11)根据上一句提到的利用工具可推测,这里指创造和改变世界。选项C符合原文语境。

(12)根据句意:专家组是否解决了这一争议尚不清楚。选项中只有D选项符合句意。

(13)根据but可知前后形成转折,上一句提到争议是否解决尚不清楚,但是他们在鸡和蛋的正确顺序上达成了一致。选项D与其他选项意义相反,符合原文句意,所以正确。

(14)句意:诺丁汉大学的进化遗传学家JohnBrookfield说,解决办法是...。选项中只有选项C与原文相关,符合原文语境。

(15)根据上文可知,JohnBrookfield是一名进化遗传学教授,由此可以推测,这里指evolved。选项B正确。

(16)giveriseto为固定搭配,意为“使发生,引起”。

(17)根据下文“geneticmutation”基因突变可推测,产生的是一个新的物种。所以选项A符合原文语境。

(18)句意:第一只鸡肯定和它的父母相比有一些基因变化。选项B符合原文句意。

(19)arbitrary任意的,武断的;radical根本的,彻底的;subtle微妙的;negligible微不足道的。根据原文语境可知,这里指微妙的变化。

(20)fulfillcriteria指满足条件,符合标准。句意:但正是这种变化使这只鸡成为有史以来第一只符合我们标准的真正的鸡。选项D符合原文句意。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

第6题:

第7题:

第8题:

第9题:

第10题:

第11题:

第12题:

第13题:

第14题:

第15题:

第16题:

第17题:

第18题:

第19题:

第20题:

11.单选题

Itisridiculousthatwe().

问题1选项

A.areshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining

B.beshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining

C.mightbeshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining

D.couldbeshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining

【答案】B

【解析】考査虚拟语气。Itis/was+adj/n+that+主语+虚拟语气。that后面的从句用should+原形,

其中should可省略,

选项B就是省略了should的虚拟语气,

所以选B。

12.单选题

Manyofusbelievedthatperson’smindbecomeslessactiveashegrowsolder.Butthisisnottrue,accordingtoDr.LissyF.JfessorofpsychiatryattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngles,andaboardmemberoftheNewCenterforAgingattheVeteransHospital.Shehasstudiedthementalfunctioningofagingpersonsforseveralyears.Forexample,oneofherstudiesconcerns136pairsofidenticaltwins,whowerefirstexaminedwhentheywerealready60yearsold.AsDrJarvikcontinuedthestudyofthetwinsintotheir70sand80s,theirmindsdidnotgenerallydeclineaswasexpected.

However,therewassomedeclineintheirpsycho-motorspeed.Thismeansthatittookthemlongertoaccomplishmentaltaskthanitusedto.Butwhenspeedwasnotafactor,theylostverylittleintellectualabilityovertheyears.Ingeneral,Dr.Jarvik’sstudieshaveshownthatthereisnodeclineinknowledgeorreasoningability.Thisistruenotonlyintothe30sand40s,butintothe60sand70saswell.

Asforlearningnewthings,andabilitytoremember,studiesbyDr.Jarvikandothersshowthattheoldareequaltotheyoung.Itistruethatolderpeoplethemselvesoftencomplainthatthememoryisnotasgoodasitoncewas.However,muchofwhatwecall“lossofmemory”isnotthatatall.Thereusuallywasincompletelearninginthefirstplace.Forexample,theolderpersonperhapshadtroublehearing,orpoorvision,orinattention,orwastryingtolearnthenewthingattoofastapace.

Inthecaseswheretheolderperson’smindreallyseemstodecay,itisnotnecessarilyasignofadecayduetooldageor“senility”.Oftenitissimplyasignofadepressedemotionalstate.Thisdepressionusuallycanbecounteractedbycounselingtherapywithapsychologist,ormedicationswhichfightdepression.

InAmericansociety,whenanolderpersonlosessomething,wetendtocallhimorher“senile”.Butnoticethatwhenayoungerpersonlosessomething,hedoesnotblameitonsenilityorlo

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