考研考博-英语-周口职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-周口职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thiscan（）somethingthatthestudentsmaynothavecomprehendedinEnglish.

问题1选项

A.signify

B.specify

C.clarify

D.testify

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查动词辨析题。signify“表示；预示”；specify“指明；详细说明”；clarify“阐明”；testify“证明”，根据“学生们可能没有理解的”可知此处应该选用动词specify，表示“详细的解释，说明”，故正确答案为选项B。句意为：这个能详细地解释一些学生们可能没有理解的英语问题。

2.单选题

TheEverVictoriousArmyservedasan(a)（）tothepoorlyorganized,poorlytrained,andpoorlydisciplinedprovincialforcesofthegovernor.

问题1选项

A.service

B.help

C.adjunct

D.extension

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项service“维修，检修”；B选项help“帮助”；C选项adjunct“附属的”；D选项extension“拓展”。adjunctto“附属于，部下”，为固定搭配。helpto在这里不符合题干内容，可排除。句意：常胜军队……组织欠妥、训练不足、纪律不严的政府地方部队。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Thereisnothinglikethesuggestionofacancerrisktoscareaparent,especiallyoneoftheover-educated,eco-conscioustypes.SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.Thecity’spublichighschool,aswellasanumberofdaycarecenter,preschools,elementaryandmiddleschools,fellinthelowest10%.Industrialpollutioninourtownhadsupposedlyturnedstudentsintolivingscienceexperimentbreathinginalaboratory’sworthofheavymetalslikemanganese,chromiumandnickeleachday.Thisisinacitythatrequiresschoolcafeteriastoserveorganicmeals.Great,Ithought,organiclunch,toxiccampus.

SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity,overtheguiltofthesteed-castingfactoryonthewesternedgeoftown,overunionjobsversuschildren’shealthandoverwhat,ifanything,oughttobedone.Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?Istheretrulyathreathere?Weasksoneanotheraswedroppedoffourkids,andifso,howgreatitis?Andhowdoesitcomparewiththeother,seeminglyperpetualhealthscaresweconfront,likepanicoverleadinsyntheticathleticfields?Ratherthanjustanotherweirdepisodeinthetownthatbroughtyouprotestingenvironmentalists,thislatestdramaisatrialforhowtoday’sparentsperceiverisk,howwetrytokeepourkidssafewhetherit’spossibletokeepthemsafeinwhatfeelslikeanincreasinglythreateningworld.Itraisesthequestionofwhat,inourtime,“safe”couldevenmean.

“There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty”，saysKimberlyThompson,presidentofKidRisk,anonprofitgroupthatstudieschildren’shealth.“Thatmeansyourchoicescanmatter,butitalsomeansyouaren’tgoingtoknowiftheydo.”A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.TowhichIsay:Well,obviously.Butsuchconcretehazardsarebesidethepoint.It'sthedangersparentscan’tandmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.That’swhyI’veridmycupboardofmicrowavefoodpackedinbagscoatedwithapotentialcancer-causingsubstance,butalthoughI’velivedblocksfromamajorfaultlineformorethan12years,Istillhaven’tboltedourbookcasestothelivingroomwall.

1.WhatdoesarecentinvestigationbyUSATodayreveal?

2.WhatresponsedidUASToday’sreportdraw?

3.Howdidparentsfeelinthefaceoftheexperts'studies?

4.Whatistheviewofthe2004reportinthejournalPediatrics'?

5.Ofthedangersineverydaylife,theauthorthinksthatpeoplehavemosttofearfrom（

）.

问题1选项

A.Heavymetalsinlabteststhreatenchildren'shealthinBerkeley.

B.Berkeleyresidentsarequitecontentedwiththeirsurroundings.

C.TheairqualityaroundBerkeley’sschoolcampusesispoor.

D.ParentsinBerkeleyareover-sensitivetocancerriskstheirkidsface.

问题2选项

A.Aheateddebate.

B.Popularsupport.

C.Widespreadpanic.

D.Strongcriticism.

问题3选项

A.Theyfeltverymuchrelieved.

B.Theywerefrightenedbytheevidence.

C.Theydidn'tknowwhotobelieve.

D.Theyweren'tconvincedoftheresults.

问题4选项

A.Itisimportanttoquantifyvariousconcretehazards.

B.Dailyaccidentsposeamoreseriousthreattochildren.

C.Parentsshouldbeawareofchildren'shealthhazards.

D.Attentionshouldbepaidtotoxicchemicalexposure.

问题5选项

A.theuncertain

B.thequantifiable

C.anearthquake

D.unhealthyfood

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.（因此，你可以想象，最近《今日美国》对全国学校周围空气质量的调查，将加利福尼亚州的伯克利绿色村庄也列为全国空气质量状况最差的地区之中）可知选C。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段第一句中SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity（自去年12月该报告发布以来，市长、社区积极分子和各种家长教师协会就该报告的有效性展开了激烈的讨论）可知选A。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?（由于各方都提出了一些支持各自观点的专家，但这些专家的科学研究是相互矛盾的，家长应该相信谁？）以及后面的一连串提问，可知父母对这些观点感到困惑，不知道该相信谁，因此选C。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.（《儿科杂志》2004年的一份报告解释说，神经紧张的父母对火灾、车祸和溺水的恐惧比有毒化学暴露更多）可推测父母对日常容易遇到的事故更担心，因此选B。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty...It'sthedangersparentscan’t—andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.（无法避免这种不确定性……这是父母无法——也可能永远不会量化突然发生的危险）可推测作者认为父母最大的恐惧来源于不确定性，因此选A。

4.单选题

Starvationprobablydoesn’tsoundlikeakeytolivingwellintooldage.Butasstrangeasitseems,calorierestriction,doneintermittently,appearstobeoneofthegatewaystolastinglong-termhealth.

Theconcepthasalreadybeenprovedeffectiveinmice,rats,dogsandmonkeys.However,verylimitedresearchhasbeendonetoevaluatethehealthimpactofcalorierestrictioninhumans.Inanimals,calorierestrictionisassociatedwithlongevity,decreasedriskforcancerandinflammatorydiseasesandlowercognitivedecline.Thechallengehasbeentotranslatetheconcepttotherealworldinwhichhumansneedtoeattogetthroughtheday.

Anewstudytestedoutamodifiedversionoftheconceptonhumans.ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahavedesignedwhattheycalla“fastingmimickingdiet”thatprovidesallthebenefitsofstarvingyourself",withalittlelessstarvation.

Theplanlastsforfivedaysamonth,withacyclethat’srepeatedforthreemonths.OnDayOne,adietereatsfoodfromtheprescribedplanthattotals1,090calorieswith10percentprotein,56percentfat,and34percentcarbohydrates.OnDaysTwothroughFive...dietersconsumejust725calorieswith9percentprotein,44percentfat,and47percentcarbohydrates.

Peopleonthedietatevegetablesoup,energybars,energydrinksandlow-caloriesnackchips,anddrankalotofchamomiletea.Theyalsotookvegetable-baseddietarysupplements.Onnon-dietingdaystheyatenormally.

Itmaysoundgimmicky,butVijg,oneoftheresearchers,saysexistingsciencealreadybacksuptheclaimthattheplancouldeffectivelyimprovehumanhealthandprolonglife.Inhumans,thedietprovidedanumberofphysiologicalchangesthatcouldreduceriskfactorsforage-relatedconditionssuchasreducedbloodglucoseandinsulinlevels.

Inessence,fastinghastheabilitytoimprovestressresponseonacellularlevel.Apersononthisprogramislikelytoloseweightovertime,butresearcherssaybetterhealthinoldageistherealbenefit.Withtherightmarketing,Vijgbelievesafastingmimickingdietcouldbecomethenextcommerciallybrandeddietcraze,likeAtkinsorPaleo.However,itcouldalsohavesomepracticalapplicationsinamedicalsetting.Aphysiciancouldprescribethediettoapatientforaspecificamountoftimebeforesurgery,chemotherapyandothertypesoftreatmentsandproceduresthatareknowntocausetraumaandstresstothebody.

1.Whatisthedifficultyintheresearchoftheeffectofstarvationonhumans?

2.Themodifiedversionoftheconceptrefersto（

）.

3.WhatkindoffoodisNOTallowedondietingdays?

4.Accordingtotheresearchers,whatbenefitscanpeoplegetbyfollowingtheplan?

5.AtkinsandPaleointhelastparagraphmostprobablyrefertobrandnamesof

（

）.

6.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Humansneedtoeatinreallife.

B.Animalsarefreefromdiseases.

C.Humansandanimalsresponddifferentlytostarvation.

D.Humansandanimalshavedifferentlifeexpectancy.

问题2选项

A.adietwithfruitsandvegetablesonly

B.aperiodicdietwithalittlefood

C.acalorie-consistentdiet

D.adietlastingforfivedaysonly

问题3选项

A.Energysupplements.

B.Sportdrinks.

C.Meatandfish.

D.Foodwithadditives.

问题4选项

A.Nicebodyshape.

B.Psychologicalwell-being.

C.Betterhealthinoldage.

D.Goodrelationswithothers.

问题5选项

A.healthyteas

B.populardiets

C.fastfood

D.weight-reducingmedicines

问题6选项

A.TheLessCalorie,theBetter?

B.SayNotoStarvation.

C.AProvedMethodofWeightManagement.

D.Coulda5-dayFastingDietProlongYourLife?

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词，可将信息点定位至原文第二段最后一句，“Thechallengehasbeentotranslatetheconcepttotherealworldinwhichhumansneedtoeattogetthroughtheday.(现实世界中人类需要吃东西生存，要把（饥饿状态对人们健康有益）这个理念传递给大众不是一件容易的事。)”从而得出本题答案。

2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“themodifiedversionoftheconcept”，可将信息点定位至原文第三段最后一句和第四段第一句。“havedesignedwhattheycalla“fastingmimickingdiet”thatprovidesallthebenefitsofstarvingyourself",withalittlelessstarvation.(设计了一种他们称之为“空腹模拟节食”的饮食方式，它提供了让自己挨饿的所有好处，而且减少了一点饥饿。)”“Theplanlastsforfivedaysamonth,withacyclethat’srepeatedforthreemonths.(该计划每月持续五天，每三个月重复一次。)”从而得出本题答案。

3.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第五段。“Peopleonthedietatevegetablesoup,energybars,energydrinksandlow-caloriesnackchips,anddrankalotofchamomiletea.Theyalsotookvegetable-baseddietarysupplements.(节食的人喝蔬菜汤，能量棒，能量饮料和低热量的零食薯条，喝很多甘菊茶。他们还服用了以蔬菜为基础的膳食补充剂。)”从而得出本题答案。

4.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第六段第二句。“Inhumans,thedietprovidedanumberofphysiologicalchangesthatcouldreduceriskfactorsforage-relatedconditionssuchasreducedbloodglucoseandinsulinlevels.(对于人类，这种计划能够带来一些体质的变化，从而降低一些例如血糖和胰岛素等随着年龄增长而带来的健康风险。)”从而得出本题答案。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“AtkinsandPaleo”，可将信息点定位至原文最后一段，根据“Vijgbelievesafastingmimickingdietcouldbecomethenextcommerciallybrandeddietcraze,likeAtkinsorPaleo.(Vijg认为，像Atkins和Paleo那样，模仿禁食的饮食可能会成为下一个商业品牌的饮食热潮。)”即可得出本题答案。

6.主旨大意题。根据“…calorierestriction,doneintermittently,appearstobeoneofthegatewaystolastinglong-termhealth.（间歇性地限制热量摄入，似乎是保持长期健康的途径之一。）”“fastingmimickingdiet（禁食模仿饮食）”，可知作者在本文探讨的是这种阶段性节食是否能够长寿。从而得出本题答案。

5.单选题

Theproducersrefusedtoeventalkaboutresiduals.Theyputforthasimpleand（）question:

Whyshouldanyemployeebepaidmorethanonceforthesamejob?

问题1选项

A.compelling

B.component

C.competent

D.compulsive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项compelling“令人信服的，引人注目的”，B项component“组成的”，C项competent“有能力的”，D项compulsive“强制的”；句意：制片人甚至拒绝提到剩余工资并提出了一个简单而又引人注目的问题：为什么雇主要为一次同样的工作付两次钱？因此A选项正确。

6.单选题

Itisfashionableinthesixtiesbutdefinitelypasseintheeighties.

问题1选项

A.clivose

B.demode

C.abrim

D.xenial

【答案】B

【解析】考查近义形容词辨析。A选项clivose“小山的，丘陵的”；B选项demode“陈旧的；老式的”；C选项abrim“充满着的”；D选项xenial“主客关系的；款待的”。句意：那在六十年代是时髦的，但在八十年代肯定是过时了。passe“已过盛年的；过时的；凋谢的”，B选项与该词词意最相近，因此B选项正确。

7.单选题

Thenewcolleague（）tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporationsbeforehejoinedourcompany.

问题1选项

A.confirms

B.declares

C.confesses

D.claims

【答案】D

【解析】近义词辨析。confirm确认，证实;declare宣布，声明;选项A和B都是后接名词短语或that从句;confess承认，坦白，confess(to)doingsth.承认做过某事;claim声称，断言，后可接名词短语、that从句,也可接不定式短语,不定式中的动作发生在claim之前,则用不定式完成式。所以选项D正确。

8.单选题

______equallybetweenschoolandtelevisionstudios,shewasbusylearninglineswhileherfriendsarehookingonlines.

问题1选项

A.Withtimetobesplit

B.Hertimebeingsplit

C.Withhertimebeingsplit

D.Timewassplit

【答案】C

【解析】考查with介词词组和独立结构。句子没有连词，因此前面部分不可能是完整的主谓宾句子结构，D项句子完整所以排除D。根据句意“她一半时间在学校，一半在电视工作室，她的朋友们正在线上谈情说爱时她却忙于学习台词”，前面应该表示伴随的原因状语，因此A项不定式独立结构不合适，B项分词独立结构和C介词词组都可以表示原因，但with结构伴随意味更强更常用；因此选C更合适。

9.单选题

Wearewritingtothemanager______therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.

问题1选项

A.withtheexceptionof

B.withthepurposeof

C.withreferenceto

D.withaviewto

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项withtheexceptionof“除了……以外”，B项withthepurposeof“目的是……”，C项withreferenceto“关于，根据”，D项withaviewto“着眼于”。根据句子可知，therepairs是由过去分词短语carriedoutattheaboveaddress修饰的名词，说明信件的内容，所以推断选项C符合上下文语境。句意：关于最近在上述地址进行的维修，我们致函经理。因此，该题选择C项正确。

10.单选题

Theworldmaybebecomingamorefemale-friendlyplacebutcorporateboardroomarenot,withwomenholdingunder3percentoftopmanagementjobsinWesternfirms,accordingtoaUnitedNationssurveyissuedrecently.ThereportentitledBreakingThroughtheGlassCeiling:WomeninManagement,ispublishedbytheInternationalLaborOrganization(ILO).Thereport,subtitledasProgressandobstaclestowomenequalprofessionalandmanagerialstatus,presentsthemostrecenttrendsonthesituationofwomeninprofessionalandmanagerialjobs.Italsohighlightssomeoftheinstitutionalandattitudinalprejudicesthatcontinuetohamper(妨碍)women’sprogressintotopjobs,anditdescribesgoodpracticesinsupportofwomenmanagers.Womenmakeupover40percentoftheworld’sworkforce,butevenwhentheymakeitthroughthe“glassceiling”—aninvisiblebarrierofmale-dominatedprejudicesandnetworks—theyearnfarlessthanmen,theILOreportsaid.

“Almostuniversally,womenhavefailedtoreachleadingpositioninmajorcorporationsandprivatesectororganizations,irrespectiveoftheirresponsibilities,”saidauthorLindaMirth.“Thehighertheposition,themoreglaringthegendergap.”TheILOsaidmentraditionallyrelyon“oldboy”networkstoclimbuptheladder.Womenaremore“invisible”inthecorporateworldbecausetheyarelesskeenoninformalgatherings.Theyarealsofightingalosingbattleagainstsexualharassment.

ABritishstudyfoundthatwomeninonecompanysubjectedtocontinuingsexualharassmentandbullyingfailedtoachievepromotionwhateverstrategytheyused.“Protestingandcomplainingearnedthemthelabelof‘feminist’andwhining（抱怨），whiletryingtobeoneofthemeninvitedfurtherharassment,”theILOreportsaid.

Asurveyof300companiesinBritainlastyearfoundthatjust3percentofboardmemberswerewomen.IntheF1SEtop10companieslistedinBritain,Womenheldjust4percentofdirectors’posts,whilefemalemanagersearnedjust71percentofthesalaryoftheirmalecounterparts,theILOreportsaid.

Britishfemalemanagersasawholeearned83percentofthesalariesoftheirmalecounterparts——puttingthemaheadoftheircounterpartsinmostothercountries.

ThesituationinGermanywasnobetter.Asurveyof70,000largestcompaniesfoundthatwomenthereheldjust1to3percentofthetopexecutiveandboardroompositions.TheILOalsoreportedthatthecomparativelyhighproportionofwomenexecutivesinlargeFrenchcompanies13percent—wasnowfallingagainfromthe80slevels.

1.Whatdoesthereportmeanbytheterm“glassceiling”？

2.AccordingtotheILOreport,（）.

3.TheILOreport（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstrategiesdidwomennotuseintheirfightagainstsexualharassment?

问题1选项

A.Abarrierofprejudicesandnetworksthatexistinsomecompanies.

B.Abarrierofprejudicethatmenpretenddoesnotexist.

C.Alevelthatwomenaretryingtoreachdespitethedifficultiesputintheway.

D.Alevelbeyondwhichwomencan'treallybepromoted.

问题2选项

A.womennolongerfaceworkproblemsexceptintopmanagementlevels

B.thereareseriousproblemsfacingwomen,especiallyintheboardroomsofWesternfirms

C.womenstillfaceseriousworkproblemsatalllevelsofwesternfirms

D.womenarehavingabettertimeintheworldexceptintheboardroomsofwesternfirms

问题3选项

A.isoptimistic,inthatoncewomenbreakintotoppositions,theydowell.

B.isoptimistic,becausethereisagrowingrealizationthatwomenintoppositionsdoverywell.

C.ispessimistic,inthateventhefewwomenwhogettoppositionshavesmallersalaries.

D.ispessimistic,becausenowomenevenreachthehighestpositionsinwesternboardrooms.

问题4选项

A.Sexualharassment

B.Complaining

C.Protesting

D.Tryingtobefriendly

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“报告中提到的‘玻璃天花板’是什么意思？”文章第一段最后一句话提到“‘玻璃天花板’——由男性主导地位的偏见和体系所造成的一种无形的障碍”（“glassceiling’’--aninvisiblebarrierofmale-dominatedprejudicesandnetworks）；第一段提到国际劳动组织写的一篇报告，报告强调了女性进入高层的一些体制和态度上的偏见(Italsohighlightssomeoftheinstitutionalandattitudinalprejudicesthatcontinuetohamperwomen’sprogressintotopjobs)，因此选项A“（玻璃天花板）指存在于一些公司的偏见和体系”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据国际劳工组织报道……”。文章第一段第一句话提到“世界可能正在对女性变得友好，但是企业董事会却没有，联合国最近发布的一项调查显示，在西方公司，女性在最高管理职位中所占的比例不到3%”（Theworldmaybebecomingamorefemale-friendlyplacebutcorporateboardroomarenot,withwomenholdingunder3percentoftopmanagementjobsinWesternfirms,accordingtoaUnitedNationssurveyissuedrecently），由此可知选项D“除了在西方公司的董事会，女性的生活变好”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“国际劳工组织报道……”。文章第一段提到国际劳工组织报告称，女性占全球劳动力的40%以上，但即使她们通过了“玻璃天花板——由男性主导地位的偏见和体系所造成的一种无形的障碍——她们的收入也远远低于男性”（Womenmakeupover40percentoftheworld’sworkforce,butevenwhentheymakeitthroughthe“glassceiling’’--aninvisiblebarrierofmale-dominatedprejudicesandnetworkstheyearnfarlessthanmen,theILOreportsaid），由此可知选项C“悲观，因为即使少部分女性进入了高层，她们的收入还是少很多”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“在与性骚扰作斗争时，女性没有采用下列哪项策略？”文章第三段提到抗议和抱怨使她们背负上了“女权主义者”和“发牢骚”的名号，同时想喝男性打成一片又招来了更多的骚扰（“Protestingandcomplainingearnedthemthelabelof‘feminist’andwhining，whiletryingtobeoneofthemeninvitedfurtherharassment），由此可知“抱怨”“抗议”“试图友好”都是女性采取的措施，所以选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

Herparentswantedtochangehermindsotheytriedto______hertotheirwayofthinking.

问题1选项

A.convert

B.alter

C.transfer

D.convey

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项convert“(使)转变，改变”，指改变形式、特性、信仰、观点等；B选项alter“改变，更改”指部分更改，仍保留本质和总体结构；C选项transfer“(使)转移，搬迁，(使)调动”；D选项convey“表达，传递(思想、感情等)”。根据指theirwayofthinking可知选A。句意：她的父母想改变她的想法，所以他们试图让她转变到他们的思维方式。

12.单选题

Sheset（）inbusinessonherownandwasverysuccessful.

问题1选项

A.by

B.as

C.up

D.off

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项setby“把……留开”；B选项setas“设置为；设定为”；C选项setup“建立；装配；开业”；D选项setoff“出发；引起”。句意：她自己……了事业，非常成功。根据句意可推测，她建立了自己的事业，因此C选项正确。

13.单选题

Foragoodweek,bothsideshavebeenseekinganequitablesolutiontothisdispute.

问题1选项

A.potential

B.impartial

C.balanced

D.uneven

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项potential“潜在的”；B选项impartial“公平的”；C选项balanced“平衡的”；D选项uneven“不均匀的”。句意：一个星期以来，双方一直在寻求公平解决这一争端。划线部分equitable是公平的意思。因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

Aseducationalsystembecomeuniversal,moreandmorepeoplewereexposedtoabstractlearningratherthantothepractical（

）ofspecificskills.

问题1选项

A.transportation

B.transaction

C.transmission

D.translation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。transportation意为“运送，运输”；transaction意为“交易，业务”；transmission意为“传播，传递”；translation意为“翻译”。

句意：随着教育体系的普及，越来越多的人接触到抽象的学习，而不是具体技能的实际传授。

15.单选题

Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience.SowhenGeorgeBushredirectedAmerica’sspaceagency,NASA,awayfromscientificresearchandtowardsamannedreturntothemoonin2004,manyscientistsweredisappointed.Nowtheagencyhasfinallyofferedsomesmallmorselsofcomfortintheformoffourprojectsthatcouldaccompanyeffortsforalunarreturn.

Themostexcitingoftheseistheplanforaradiotelescopethatcouldbeplacedonthefarsideofthemoon.Suchadevicewouldlookbackattheearlyuniversetothetimewhenlarge-scalestructuressuchasgalaxiesandstarsformed.Alunar-basedradiotelescopewouldbeabletodetectlongwavelengthsthatcannotbesensedonEarthbecausetheyareabsorbedbytheoutermostlayersoftheplanet’satmosphere.Moreoverbypointingthetelescopeawayfromthedinofshorter-wavelengthradiowavesthatareusedforcommunicationonEarth,astrophysicistswouldbeabletoseetheearlyuniverseinunprecedenteddetail.

Findingalienlifemightalsobepossiblewithsuchatelescope.Itwouldbeabletomapthemagneticfieldsofstarsandexoplanets(planetsthatcirclestarsoutsidethesolarsystem).ItisthemagneticfieldoftheEarththatprotectsitsinhabitantsfrombeingbombardedbyhigh-energyparticlesfromspacethatwouldotherwiseleavetheplanetsterile.DetectingamagneticfieldsurroundinganEarth-likeexoplanetwouldproveapromisingsignforfindingextraterrestriallife.Theproposal,ledbyJosephLazio,oftheNavalResearchLaboratoryinWashington,DC,istocreateanarrayofthreearmsarrangedinaY-shape,eachofwhichwouldbe500meterslongandcontain16antennae.Eacharmwouldbemadeofaplasticfilmthatcouldberolledoutontothesurfaceofthemoon,eitherbyrobotsorbyastronauts.

Asecondproject,headedbyMichaelCollier,oftheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,wouldexaminehowthesolarwind—astreamofchargedparticlesejectedfromthesun—interactswiththetenuouslunaratmosphereclosetothemoon’ssurface.Suchbombardmentproduceslow-energyX-raysthatwouldbedetectedonthesurfaceofthemoon.ThethirdandfourthprojectsaresimilarbothtoeachotherandtoearlierventuresdroppedonthemoonbytheApolloandtheSovietLunamissionsinthelate1960sand1970s.Some35yearson,reflectorsplacedonthelunarsurfacearestillusedbyscientistsinterestedingeophysicsandgeodesy(forexample,howthemoon’sgravitationalfieldshiftsovertime).Mostofthereflectorsareclusteredclosetothelunarequator.Theproposals,ledbyStephenMerkowitz,alsoofNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,andDouglasCurrie,oftheUniversityofMaryland,aretosprinklesomemoresophisticatedversionsovermoreofthemoon’ssurface.

SucheffortsmayattractlittleattentioncomparedwiththelaunchofthespaceshuttleEndeavourthisweek.Nevertheless,whenNASAarguesthatputtingpeopleintospaceinspiresyoungpeopletostudyscience,itispreciselytheseendeavorsthatitwishestoencourage.

51.By“Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans______.

52.Themostdistinctivefeatureofalunar-basedradiotelescopementionedinthesecondparagraphisthat______.

53.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefournewmoonplans?

54.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafeatureofthelasttwoprojectsdiscussedinthefourthparagraph?

55.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

问题1选项

A.Launchingpeopleintospaceisveryimportant

B.Newspaperonlycaresaboutwhetherhumanscantravelintospace

C.Humans’traveltooutsidespaceisagainstscientificrules

D.Launchingpeopleintospaceisnotofgreatscientificvalue

问题2选项

A.itisabletocapturelongwavelengths

B.itpossessesbetterfunctionsthanthetelescopesonearth

C.itcanescapefromthemagneticfieldoftheEarth

D.itcandetectallgalaxiesintheuniverse

问题3选项

A.Objective

B.Affirmative

C.Carefree

D.Panicked

问题4选项

A.Thetwoprojectsareoflessimportancethantheothertwo.

B.Thetwoplansareofsimilaritywitheachother.

C.Thepurposeoftheplansistoaddsomeequipmentonthemoon.

D.Theseplansarecontinuanceofpreviousstudiescarriedoutdecadeago.

问题5选项

A.Theradiotelescopewillbeabletofindextraterrestriallife.

B.ThesecondprojectfocusesontheinteractionbetweensolarwindandEarthatmosphere.

C.JosephLazio’sproposalispartoftheradiotelescopeproject.

D.ThefourprojectsarecloselyrelatedtotherecentlylaunchedspaceshuttleEndeavour.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】51.推理判断题。题干意思是“第一段第一行通过说‘Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience’，作者的意思是……”。根据题干定位到文章第一行，Launchingpeopleintospacemaymakeheadlinesbutitdoeslittleusefulscience.（把人送入太空可能会成为头条新闻，但它对科学没有什么用处），可以推断，把人送入太空对科学没什么价值，故D项“将人送入太空没有很大的科学价值”正确。A项“把人送入太空是非常重要的”和C项“人类到外太空旅行是违反科学规则的”与文章不符；B项“报纸只关心人类是否能进入太空”该段没有提到。因此，该题选择D项正确。

52.细节事实题。题干意思是“第二段提到的基于月球的射电望远镜最显著的特点是……”。根据第二段第三句Alunar-basedradiotelescopewouldbeabletodetectlongwavelengthsthatcannotbesensedonEarthbecausetheyareabsorbedbytheoutermostlayersoftheplanet’satmosphere.（设在月球上的射电望远镜将能够探测到地球上无法探测到的长波，因为它们被地球大气层的最外层所吸收）可知，A项“它能够捕获长波长”正确。B项“它比地球上的望远镜有更好的功能”，文中没有对这两个进行比较；C项“它可以逃离地球的磁场”文中没有提及；D项“它可以探测到宇宙中的所有星系”表述太夸张。因此，该题选择A项正确。

53.观点态度题。题干意思是“作者对四个新的月球计划有什么看法？”。文中提到了四个计划是在第一段最后Nowtheagencyhasfinallyofferedsomesmallmorselsofcomfortintheformoffourprojectsthatcouldaccompanyeffortsforalunarreturn.（现在，宇航局终于提供了一些小安慰，以四个项目的形式，努力重返月球），接着作者第二段就描述了自己的看法，第一句提到Themostexcitingoftheseistheplanforaradiotelescopethatcouldbeplacedonthefarsideofthemoon.（其中最令人兴奋的是一个可以放置在月球背面的射电望远镜计划），可以看出作者的态度是肯定的，故B项“肯定”正确。A项“客观”、C项“无忧无虑”和D项“惊慌失措”都不够准确。因此，该题选择B项正确。

54.细节事实题。题干意思是“下列哪项不是第四段所讨论的最后两个项目的特征？”。根据题干我们定位到第四段，第三句提到Thethirdandfourthprojectsaresimilarbothtoeachother（第三和第四个项目彼此相似）可知，B项“这两个计划很相似”正确；最后一句提到Theproposals,ledbyStephenMerkowitz,alsoofNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,andDouglasCurrie,oftheUniversityofMaryland,aretosprinklesomemoresophisticatedversionsovermoreofthemoon’ssurface.（这项提议由同样来自美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的StephenMerkowitz和马里兰大学的DouglasCurrie指导，他们打算在月球表面的更多地方安装一些尖端反射器）可知，C项“计划的目的是在月球上增加一些设备”正确；同时，最后两个项目同样是由美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的研究员指导，所以可以推断D项“这些计划是十年前先前的研究的延续”也符合原文；只有A项“这两个项目不如另外两个重要”在文中没有提到。因此，该题选择A项正确。

55.细节判断题。题干意思是“作者可能同意下列哪一项？”。由第三段第四句DetectingamagneticfieldsurroundinganEarth-likeexoplanetwouldproveapromisingsignforfindingextraterrestriallife.（探测到一颗类似地球的系外行星周围的磁场将证明是发现外星生命的一个有希望的迹象）可推断，射电望远镜有希望能够发现外星生命的迹象，A项“这台射电望远镜将能够发现外星生命”太绝对；根据第四段第一句Asecondproject,headedbyMichaelCollier,oftheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,wouldexaminehowthesolarwind—astreamofchargedparticlesejectedfromthesun—interactswiththetenuouslunaratmosphereclosetothemoon’ssurface.（第二个项目由美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的MichaelCollier领导，将研究太阳风——从太阳喷射出来的带电粒子流——如何与月球表面附近稀薄的月球大气层相互作用）可知，第二个项目研究的是太阳风与月球大气层之间的相互作用，B项“第二个项目主要研究太阳风与地球大气之间的相互作用”错误；第三段提到了射电望远镜的提议人，Theproposal,ledbyJosephLazio,oftheNavalResearchLaboratoryinWas