考研考博-英语-四川希望汽车职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川希望汽车职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Ifeltsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoleave,（

）somethingoccurredwhichattractedmyattention.

问题1选项

A.unless

B.until

C.when

D.while

【答案】C

【解析】考查时间状语从句。根据句意可知发生的事，是在我打算离开的时候，故空格处需要一个连词引导时间状语从句，排除A、B选项，occurred为短暂性动词，而while引导的从句动词必须是持续性动词，因此选C。句意：我有些失望且正要离开时，突然发生了一件事引起了我的注意。

2.单选题

Theofficermurmuredhisconsent.

问题1选项

A.stuttered

B.nodded

C.mumbled

D.uttered

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。murmur意为“低语，喃喃细语”；stutter意为“口吃，结结巴巴地说”；nod意为“点头”；mumble意为“嘟哝，低声说”；utter意为“说，出声”。

句意：警官低声表示同意。

3.单选题

Theyartificially（）thevalueofthehousesotheycould“reduce”itandmakepeoplethinkitwasabargain.

问题1选项

A.enlarged

B.underestimated

C.raised

D.inflated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。enlarge“扩大，增大”；underestimate“低估，看清”；raise“举起，提高”；inflate“膨胀，充气”。句意：他们人为地抬高房子的价格，再“低价”出售，让人们以为这是大减价。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Inarguingagainstassertionsthatenvironmentalcatastropheisimminent,herbookdoesnotridiculeallpredictionsofdoombutratherclaimsthattherisksofharmhaveinmanycasesbeen（

）.

问题1选项

A.exaggerated

B.derided

C.ignored

D.scrutinized

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。通过Inarguingagainstassertionsthatenvironmentalcatastropheisimminent可知这里驳斥的是environmentalcatastropheisimminent，所以对下文claim的内容应该与这个相反：即认为环境灾难并没有临近，这些风险只是被夸大了。exaggerat夸张；deride嘲笑；ignore忽视；scrutinize详细检查。句意：在对环境灾难临近的观点进行驳斥的过程中，她的作品并没有嘲笑所有的厄运预测，而是指出灾害的风险在许多情况下被夸大了。

5.单选题

Itisapopular______thatmoneyalwaysbringshappiness.

问题1选项

A.fallacy

B.creed

C.moral

D.allegory

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项fallacy“谬论，谬误”，B项creed“信条，教义”，C项moral“道德，寓意”，D项allegory“寓言”。根据句子可知空格处要填入一个名词作表语，且后面的that引导同位语对空格处补充说明；根据that从句的意思“金钱总能带来幸福”可知，空格部分填入fallacy符合语境。句意：认为金钱总能带来幸福是一种流行的谬论。因此，该题选择A项正确。

6.单选题

Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust______thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.

问题1选项

A.improve

B.enhance

C.guarantee

D.gear

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。improve“改善”；enhance“加强”；guarantee“保证”；gear“开动，使……合适”。句意：为了在国家激烈的贸易竞争中生存，我们必须使我们生产产品的数量和种类适合市场需求。选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Manynovelsthatattempttothemirrortheworldarereally（

）oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

问题1选项

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。reflection“反映”；demonstration“示范”；illumination“照明”；reproduction“繁殖”。句意：许多试图向世界反映现实的小说，都反映了他们所代表的现实。选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教务长)ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequaltouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonnel(人员)tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schair.TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活动家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.

ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators(管理人员),andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.

Inthepastfewyears,well-knownschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.

Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspective(视角)onestablishedpractices.

1.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?

2.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?

3.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?

4.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.

5.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?

问题1选项

A.InstitutionworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheUS.

B.Alotofactivistsarebeinghiredasadministrators.

C.Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.

D.Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-raising.

问题2选项

A.Thepoliticalcorrectness.

B.Theirabilitytoraisefunds.

C.Theirfameinacademiccircles.

D.Theiradministrativeexperience.

问题3选项

A.Thetuitions(学费)theychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.

B.Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentcontrol.

C.Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.

D.Mostoftheirmoneycomesfromthegovernment.

问题4选项

A.shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney

B.shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale

C.sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas

D.shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus

问题5选项

A.Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.

B.Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.

C.Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.

D.Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段倒数一、二句Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.（然而，人才流动并非是世界性的。高层管理人员的流动只倾向于一个方向：从美国向外。），可知当前高等教育倾向于从美国招聘管理人员，A选项“世界各地的机构都在从美国招聘管理人员”正确。B选项“许多积极分子被聘为管理员”，C选项“美国大学正在扩招国际学生”和D选项“大学校长更加注重筹款”文中没有提到。因此A选项正确。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第四句TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivistwhoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.（董事会最终聘用了布鲁斯•本森，一位69岁的科罗拉多商人和政治活动家，因为他很可能在现代大学校长的主要任务上做得很好：筹资。），可知美国大学在招聘高级管理人员时主要考虑筹资方面的能力，B选项“他们筹集资金的能力”正确；A选项“政治正确性”和C选项“他们在学术界的名声”不是主要考虑的内容。D选项“他们的管理经验”：根据第三段最后一句Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.（筹集资金的能力很大程度上是经验和需要的产物。），可知要求的是筹资方面的经验，而非管理经验。因此B选项正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第四段第一句ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.（与此同时，许多欧洲大学仍主要依赖政府资助。），可知D选项“它们的大部分资金来自政府”正确。A选项“学费一直在上涨”，B选项“其运作受到政府的严格控制”和C选项“它们正在通过全球化加强他们的地位”：文中没有提到。因此D选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第二句In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.（2003年，剑桥大学任命另一位耶鲁大学前教务长艾莉森•理查德为副校长。剑桥大学公开强调，在她之前的工作中，她对“耶鲁大学的财务状况起到了重要的监督作用”。），可知艾莉森•理查德成为副校长的主要原因是在筹资方面做出的贡献，A选项“她很擅长筹款”正确；没有提到艾莉森•理查德让剑桥大学和耶鲁大学的联系加强，B选项“她可以帮助加强与耶鲁大学的联系”错误。C选项“她知道如何吸引海外学生”和D选项“她提高了耶鲁大学的学术地位”：文中没有提到。因此A选项正确。

5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.（外国人可以为现有做法提供新的视角。），可知C选项“他们会从一个新的角度来看待很多事情。”正确。B选项“他们会吸引来更多的国际教员”：根据文章倒数第二句Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.（教育的全球化意味着，更多的大学将寻求具有某种国际经验的领导，以促进国际项目和吸引全球学生群体。），可知吸引的是国外的学生而非教员。A选项“他们可以提升大学的形象”和D选项“他们可以建立新的学科”：文中没有提到。因此C选项正确。

9.单选题

Thethreatofageneralstrikewas（）onlybypromptgovernmentaction.

问题1选项

A.averted

B.diverted

C.subverted

D.deviated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:只有政府迅速采取行动，才能避免大罢工的威胁。

考查动词辨析。avert避免；转移；divert转移；使…转向；subvert颠覆；破坏；deviate偏离；越轨。该处动词主语是Thethreatofageneralstrike(大罢工的威胁)，故A项正确。

10.单选题

（

）memostwasthattheyoungboywhohadlostbotharmsinanaccidentcouldhandleapenwithhisfeet.

问题1选项

A.Thatamazed

B.Itamazed

C.Whichamazed

D.Whatamazed

【答案】D

【解析】句意:令我吃惊的是，这个在车祸中丧失双臂的年轻人能够用脚拿笔。

语法题。考查名词性从句。分析题干可知memost这部分在整个句子中作主语，因此这部分是主语从句。常用连接词what引导主语从句,故答案选项为D。

11.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

SinglesDaywasbegunbyChinesecollegestudentsinthe1990sasaversionofValentine’sDayforpeoplewithoutromanticpartners.Thetimingwasbasedonthedate:Nov.11,or“11.11”—foursingles.Unattachedyoungpeoplewouldtreateachothertodinnerorgivegiftstowoothatspecialsomeoneandendtheirsinglestatus.

Thatgift-givinghelpedtoturnitintoamajorshoppingeventassellersofeverythingfromjewelrytoTVstocarssawamarketingopportunityandlaunchedSinglesDaysales.ItisChina’sanswertoCyberMondayintheUnitedStates—thedayafterThanksgivingweekend,whenonlineChristmasshoppingbeingsandmerchantshavetheirbusiestsalesday.

【答案】光棍节源于上世纪90年代的中国大学生中，对于没有浪漫伴侣的人来说，这是另一个情人节。时间是11月11日或者11•11——4个单身。单身的年轻人彼此之间聚餐或者送礼物给那个特别的人来结束他们的单身状态。

送礼物把光棍节变成了一个重要的购物活动，从珠宝到电视到汽车等的销售商们都从中看到了商机，并推出了光棍节销售活动。光棍节相当于美国的“网络星期一”，即感恩节周末后的一天，网上圣诞节购物开始，商人们开始了他们繁忙的销售日。

12.单选题

Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence,butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.Earlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,andconsequentlymorevulnerable;later,weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst,willfinallybecomesosteepthatwecanlivenolonger,howeverwellwelookafterourselves,andhoweverwellsociety,andourdoctors,lookafterus.

Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway,thatifweescapewars,accidentsanddiseaseweshalleventually“dieofoldage”,andthatthishappensataratewhichdifferslittlefrompersontoperson,sothatthereareheavyoddsinfavorofourdyingbetweentheagesofsixty-fiveandeighty.Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.

Normalpeopletendtoforgetthisprocessunlessanduntiltheyareremindedofit.Wearesofamiliarwiththefactthatmanages,thatpeoplehaveforyearsassumedthattheprocessoflosingvigorwithtime,ofbecomingmorelikelytodietheodderweget,wassomethingself-evident,likethecoolingofahotkettleorthewearingoutofapairofshoes.Theyhavealsoassumedthatallanimals,andprobablyotherorganismssuchastrees,oreventheuniverseitself,mustinthenatureofthings“wearout”.

Mostanimalswecommonlyobservedoinfactageaswedo,ifgiventhechancetolivelongenough;andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactrunoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(热力学)(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogoustowhathappenswhenmanages.Arun-downwatchisstillawatchandcanberewound.Anoldwatch,bycontrast,becomessowornandunreliablewhatiteventuallyisnotworthmending.Butawatchcouldneverrepairitself—itdoesnotconsistoflivingparts,onlyofmetal,whichwearsawaybyfriction.Wecould,atonetime,repairourselves—wellenough,atleast,toovercomeallbutthemostinstantlyfatalillnessesandaccidents.Betweentwelveandeightyyearswegraduallylosethispower,anillnesswhichattwelvewouldknockusover,ateightycanknockusout,andintoourgrave.Ifwecouldstayasvigorousasweareattwelve,itwouldtakeabout700yearsforhalfofustodie,andanother700forthesurvivorstobereducedbyhalfagain.

36.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

37.Theword“it”inthelastsentenceofParagraphTworefersto（）.

38.Whatisageing?

39.Whatdotheexampleofwatchshow?

40.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsthestyleofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.Ourfirsttwelveyearsrepresentthepeakofhumandevelopment.

B.Peopleusuallyareunhappywhenremindedofageing.

C.Normallyonlyafewofuscanlivetotheireightiesandnineties.

D.Peopleareusuallylesslikelytodieattwelveyearsold.

问题2选项

A.remainingaliveuntil65

B.remainingaliveafter80

C.dyingbefore65orafter80

D.dyingbetween65and80

问题3选项

A.Itisusuallyaphenomenonofdyingatanoldage.

B.Itisafactthatpeoplecannotliveanylonger.

C.Itisagraduallossofvigorandresistance.

D.Itisaphasewhenpeopleareeasilyattackedbyillness.

问题4选项

A.Normallypeoplearequitefamiliarwiththeageingprocess.

B.Allanimalandotherorganismsundergotheageingprocess.

C.Thelawofthermodynamicsfunctionsintheageingprocess.

D.Human’sageingprocessisdifferentfromthatofmechanisms.

问题5选项

A.Argumentation

B.Exposition

C.Narration

D.Description

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】36.推理判断题。定位到第一段Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence,butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.（人长到12岁时，身体处于最旺盛时期。虽然身材、力量和智力都还有待发展和完善，但这时候死亡的几率最小。）因此可排除A选项“我们头一个12年代表了人类发展的巅峰”。D选项“人们通常不太可能在12岁时死亡”符合原文，正确。B选项“当人们想到衰老时，通常会不高兴”，定位到第二段Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway.（人类发现的最不愉快的一个事实是人必然会衰老。）由此可知，B选项符合题意。C选项“通常我们中只有少数人能活到八九十岁”，定位到第二段Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.（我们中的一些人会死得早一些，少数人会活得更长——活到九十、一百岁。）由此可知，C选项也符合题意。故选A。

37.词义推测题。定位在第二段Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.（我们中的一些人将死得早，很少人会活得更长，到第九个或第十个十年。但是这样的几率很小，我们所能期望的寿命实际上是有限度的，无论我们多幸运多强健。）由此可知it应该指代前一句的内容，很少人能够活到第九个十年或者第十个十年。因此B选项“80岁后还活着”正确，符合题意。A选项“活到65岁”，C选项“在65岁前或80岁后死亡”，D选项“在65到80岁之间死去”均不符合题意，可排除。故选B。

38.客观细节题。由关键词ageing定位到第二段Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.（这种活力随着时间的流逝而衰退的现象叫作衰老。）和第一段中的weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst.（我们将经历精力和抵抗力逐渐衰退的过程，虽然在开始时难以觉察。）可知C选项“衰老是一种逐渐丧失活力和抵抗力的过程”正确，符合题意。A选项“衰老通常是一种老年死亡的现象”，B选项“人们不能再活下去了，这是一个事实”，D选项“衰老是一个人们容易受到疾病攻击的阶段”均不符合衰老的定义描述，可排除。故选C。

39.推理判断题。定位到第四段andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactrunoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(热力学)(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogoustowhathappenswhenmanages.（机械系统，如一块上发条的表，或者太阳，实际上的确会遵循热力学第二定律耗尽能量（整个宇宙是否如此，目前是一个有争议的问题）。但是这些和人类老化的情况并不相同。）可以推理出，人类的老化与机械装置的老化是不同的。手表不能像人类的身体那样进行自我修复，而人类的自我修复还可以在一定程度上缓解病痛、延长生命，所以D选项“人的衰老过程不同于机械的衰老过程”正确，符合题意。A选项“通常人们对衰老过程相当熟悉”，B选项“所有动物和其他生物都要经历老化过程”，C选项“热力学定律在老化过程中起作用”均与题意不符，故选D。

40.推理判断题。本文从衰老起始时间（十二岁）入手，主要介绍了衰老过程的相关内容。文中通过引用一些数据和使用对比等手段，说明了衰老的过程、必然性及其与机械装置损耗的区别所在。由此可知，本文属于说明文体。因此B选项“说明文”正确，符合题意。A选项“议论文”，C选项“记叙文”，D选项“描述文”，均不符合题意，故选B。

13.单选题

Architecture,then,isanart,andanyartmustgiveuspleasure,orelseitisbadart,orweareabnormallyblind;weareingeneraltoohardenedand（1）toarchitectureasanart,andtothejoyitmaybringus.It'stheconstantnearness

（2）

architectureduringourentireconsciousexistencethathas

（3）

usinthisway.Weforgetthatitisanartofhereand

（4）

,becauseitiswithuseveryday,and

（5）

wemusthavehousestolivein,weareapttothinkofthem

（6）

asabidingplaces.Thereforewethinkofarchitecture

（7）

somevague,learnedthinghavingtodowithFrenchcathedralsorItalianpalacesorGreektemples,（8）

withNewYorkorChicagostreetsorLosAngelessuburbs.Thisfalsedoctrinehasstrengthenedinusuntiloureyesare

（9）

andourmindsaredeafenedtoallthebeautythatisbeingcreatedaroundustoday,andthenweloseallthefinedeeppleasurethatwemight

（10）experiencefromourordinarysurroundings.

问题1选项

A.uninterested

B.unrelated

C.indifferent

D.insensitive

问题2选项

A.to

B.of

C.in

D.from

问题3选项

A.folded

B.blinded

C.sharpened

D.weakened

问题4选项

A.now

B.then

C.there

D.after

问题5选项

A.thus

B.therefore

C.that

D.because

问题6选项

A.solely

B.really

C.practically

D.invariably

问题7选项

A.of

B.like

C.as

D.for

问题8选项

A.and

B.but

C.together

D.not

问题9选项

A.closed

B.dusted

C.blinded

D.dulled

问题10选项

A.otherwise

B.orelse

C.probably

D.alternately

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:D

第10题:A

【解析】第1题:1.D考查形容词辨析。uninterested不感兴趣的；unrelated无关的；indifferent冷漠的；insensitive麻木的，无感觉的；由hardened冷酷的可知空格处所填单词意思应与其差不多。故D项正确。答案D

第2题:考查介词辨析。architecture后面的部分做constantnearness的后置定语，故用介词of修饰，此处意为人们认为建筑物总是在那里。答案B

第3题:考查动词辨析。由orweareabnormallyblind可知此处B项正确。正是因为人们的这种观点“建筑物总是在那里”使人们对建筑物有了误解。fold折叠；sharpen削尖，磨快；weaken减少，使变弱。答案B

第4题:考查固定搭配。hereandnow此时此刻；hereandthere各处；到处。由“becauseitiswithuseveryday建筑物每天都与我们在一起”可推知“所以我们习惯认为建筑物到处都是，而忘记了建筑物是此时此刻的艺术”故hereandnow符合题意。

第5题:考查连词辨析。由and可知空格处所填单词与前面的because并列，也是表示原因，故D项正确。再由空格后面的“weareaptto…”也可推断此空表示一种原因，引出后面的结果。答案D

第6题:A考查副词辨析。really实际上；practically实际地；invariably总是，不变地。由上文提到的“我们忘记了将建筑物看作是此时此刻的艺术”可知此处意为我们仅仅将房子认为是不变的地方，A项符合题意。

第7题:考查固定搭配。thinkofsth.assth.“将…看作…”知C项正确，答案C

第8题:考查连词辨析。由Thisfalsedoctrine及上文“我们将建筑认为是与法国大教堂或意大利宫殿或希腊神庙有关而与纽约或芝加哥街道或洛杉矶郊外无关”。havesomethingtodowith与…有关。答案D

第9题:考查动词辨析。由空格后“ourmindsaredeafenedtoallthebeautythatisbeingcreatedaroundustoday我们的头脑对我们周围正在创造的一切美好事物充耳不闻”以及and表示并列关系可推知我们的眼睛也对周围的美好事物比较迟钝，感觉不到这些事物的美。dulled“迟钝的，无趣的”；closed“关着的”；dusted“拂去灰尘的”；blinded“瞎的，不知情的”。故D项正确。

第10题:考查连词辨析。前面提到我们的眼睛和心灵都屏蔽了建筑物的美。由此可知如果我们改变态度多体会的话，我们可能从普通环境中体会到这些深度的美景。A项最符合语义。orelse要不然，否则，其后一般跟完整的句子；probably“大概”；alternately“交替地”。答案Afenedtoallthebeautythatisbeingcreatedaroundustoday中的deafened听不见的可推知空格处意为看不见的，故答案为A。eyesareclosed看不见的，闭着眼的。

14.单选题

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotography'sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineart,asdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality;photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves——anythingbutmakingworksofart.Inthenineteencentury,photography'sassociationwiththerealworldplaceditinanambivalentrelationtoart;lateinthetwentiethcentury,anambivalentrelationexistsbecauseoftheModernistheritageinart.Thatimportantphotographersarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart,showstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

Photographers'disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisornotart.Forexamplethosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.

Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesandself-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity—inshort,anart.

1.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thenineteenth-centurydefendersofphotographymentionedinthepassagestressedthatphotographywas（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes‘theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism”astheauthorrepresentsitinthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthereactionofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstothequestionofwhetherphotographyisanart?

5.TheauthorintroduceananalogyAbstractExpressionistpaintersinorderto（）.

问题1选项

A.definingtheModernistattitudetowardart

B.explainingtheattitudesofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstowardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistoricalcontext.

C.defininghowphotographyemergedasafineartafterthecontroversiesofthenineteenthcentury.

D.definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporaryphotographerstaketowardtheartandassessingthevalueofeachofthoseapproaches.

问题2选项

A.atechnologicallyadvancedactivity.

B.anartforobservingtheworldimpartially.

C.anartcomparabletopainting.

D.anartthatwouldeventuallyreplacethetraditionalarts.

问题3选项

A.Objective

B.Mechanical

C.Dramatic

D.Paradoxical

问题4选项

A.Thephotographers'beliefthattheirrelianceonanimpersonalmachinetoproducetheirartrequiresthesurrenderoftheauthorityoftheirpersonalvision.

B.Thephotographers'fearthatseriousphotographymaynotbeacceptedasanartbythecontemporaryartpublic.

C.ThePhotographers'beliefthatthebestartissubversiveofartasithaspreviouslybeendefined.

D.Thenotoriousdifficultyofdefiningartinitsrelationtorealisticrepresentation.

问题5选项

A.setforthananalogybetweentheAbstractExpressionistpaintersandclassicalModernistpainters.

B.provideacontrastagainstseriouscontemporaryphotographers.

C.provideanexplanationofwhyseriousphotography,likeothercontemporaryvisualforms,notandshouldnotpretendtobeanart.

D.provideanexampleofartistswho,likeseriouscontemporaryphotographers,disavowedtraditionallyacceptedaimsofmodernart.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.结合全文内容可知,本文主要讲述摄影师先为摄影是否是艺术而争辩,后为否定其艺术而努力。作者主要是为了解释严肃的当代摄影师对摄影被认为是艺术的态度,并把他们这些态度放在历史的进程中来观察。所以选项B正确。

2.根据第一段的最后一句“photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.”在十九世纪,有人指责摄影是没有灵魂的、机械地复制现实；摄影师们断言,这是一种特殊的观看方式,是对普通视觉的反抗,其实摄影是可与绘画媲美的艺术。选项C符合原文。

3.根据第二段最后一句“艺术越好,对艺术传统目的的破坏越大。”由此可推测,这种概念是矛盾的。所以选项D正确。

4.根据第二段最后一句“除了表明自己的工作与艺术无关,重要的摄影师不愿再辩论摄影是不是好的艺术。他们认为现代主义胜利强加给艺术的概念是理所当然：即艺术越好,对艺术传统目的的破坏得越大。”选项C符合原文。

5.根据第三段的内容可知,那些认为通过拍照可以摆脱绘画所表现的艺术的摄影家,使我们想起那些抽象表现主义画家,他们通过专注于绘画的物理行为,想象自己摆脱了古典现代主义绘画的思想禁锢。由此可知,作者举抽象表现主义画家的例子是为了说明他们像严肃的当代摄影师一样,拒绝承认传统上被接受的现代艺术目标。选项D符合原文。

15.单选题

Thiscan（）somethingthatthestudentsmaynothavecomprehendedinEnglish.

问题1选项

A.signify

B.specify

C.clarify

D.testify

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查动词辨析题。signify“表示；预示”；specify“指明；详细说明”；clarify“阐明”；testify“证明”，根据“学生们可能没有理解的”可知此处应该选用动词specify，表示“详细的解释，说明”，故正确答案为选项B。句意为：这个能详细地解释一些学生们可能没有理解的英语问题。

16.单选题

TheMartTwainBoyhoodHomeandMuseuminHannibal,Missouri,isthe（

）ofthegreatwriter.

问题1选项

A.restoredchildhoodhome

B.homerestoredofchildhood

C.homewherechildhoodrestored

D.restoredhomeofhischildhood

【答案】A

【解析】句意:马克吐温童年故居博物馆在密苏里州的汉尼拔，它也是这位伟大作家整修后的童年故居。

语法题。考查定语排列顺序。restored“修葺一新的”和childhood“童年时期”分别做前置定语修饰home。故选A

17.不定项选择题

Massivebuildings,fast-paceddevelopment,andeconomicgrowththatflourishesasmuchasitsgreenery,thebustlingmetropolisofSingaporeoverflowswith__21__businesses,marketsandtrade.Butwhatreallythriveswithinthecityis__22__whattheeyessee.MadeupofChinese,Malay,Indianandvariousotherethnicities,culturalheritageiswhatmakesSingapore,Singapore—acongregationofdifferentcultures__23__inonecongenialspace.

CulturalheritageisanimportantpartofaSingaporean’s__24__.Itishowone__25__theirthoughts,beliefsandwayoflife.Culturalheritageisalso__26__inSingapore’spotpourrioffestivals.Thewarm__27__extendstoneighbors,friendsandfamily,__28__race,__29__orreligion.And__30__differentthesecelebrationsmaybe,theyallhave__31__commonalities:reunions,traditional__32__andwell-wishing.

Culturalheritagemakesand__33__theSingaporeweseetoday.However,withthefastpaceoflifeinacitythatis__34__evolvingtomoveaheadwiththetimes,keepingculturalheritageasan__35__partofeverydaylifeismoreimportantthaneverbefore.To__36__theSingaporeculturalidentity,sometraditionalbusinessesand,multi-generationalfamilybusinessessuchasconfectionaries(糖果)forexample,haverebrandedthemselvesand__37__theirpackagingdesignsinan__38__toappealtothemoresocialmedia-savvygeneration.

WiththeInternet,Singapore’s__39__crafts,recipesandpracticesofthepastarenowmade__40__atone’sfingertips,readytobecelebratedbyanyone,anytime,anywhere.

问题1选项

A.profitable

B.promising

C.problematic

D.professional

问题2选项

A.beyond

B.below

C.behind

D.beneath

问题3选项

A.contradicting

B.coexisting

C.contrasting

D.conflicting

问题4选项

A.policies

B.reputation

C.identity

D.path

问题5选项

A.thinks

B.forms

C.develops

D.expresses

问题6选项

A.disposed

B.explored

C.recovered

D.reflected

问题7选项

A.meeting

B.