考研考博-英语-商丘工学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-商丘工学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

ForthepeoplewhohavenevertraveledacrosstheAtlanticthevoyageisafantasy.ButforthepeoplewhocrossitfrequentlyonecrossingoftheAtlanticisverymuchlikeanother,andtheydonotmakethevoyageforthe36ofitsinterest.Mostofusarequitehappywhenwefeel37togotobedandpleasedwhenthejourney38.OnthefirstnightthistimeIfeltespeciallylazyandwenttobed39earlierthanusual.WhenI40mycabin,Iwassurprised41thatIwastohaveacompanionduringmytrip,whichmademefeelalittleunhappy.Ihadexpected42buttherewasasuitcase43mineintheoppositecomer.Iwonderedwhohecouldbeandwhathewouldbelike.Soonafterwardshecamein.Hewasthesortofmanyoumightmeet44,exceptthathewaswearing45goodclothesthatImadeupmymindthatwewouldnot46whoeverhewasanddidnotsay47.AsIhadexpected,hedidnottalktomeeitherbutwenttobedimmediately.

IsupposeIsleptforseveralhoursbecausewhenIwokeupitwasalreadythemiddleofthenight.Ifeltcoldbutcovered48aswellasIcouldandtriestogobacktosleep.ThenIrealizedthata49wascomingfromthewindowopposite.IthoughtperhapsIhadforgotten50thedoor,soIgotup51thedoorbutfounditalreadylockedfromtheinside.Thecoldairwascomingfromthewindowopposite.Icrossedtheroomand52themoonshonethroughitontotheotherbed.53there.Ittookmeaminuteortwoto54thedoormyself.Irealizedthatmycompanion55throughthewindowintothesea.

问题1选项

A.reason

B.motive

C.cause

D.sake

问题2选项

A.tiredenough

B.enoughtired

C.enoughtiring

D.enoughtiring

问题3选项

A.isachieved

B.finish

C.isover

D.isintheend

问题4选项

A.quite

B.rather

C.fairly

D.somehow

问题5选项

A.arrivedin

B.reachedto

C.arrivedto

D.reachedat

问题6选项

A.forseeing

B.thatIsaw

C.atseeing

D.tosee

问题7选项

A.beinglonely

B.tobelonely

C.beingalone

D.tobealone

问题8选项

A.like

B.as

C.similarthan

D.thesamethat

问题9选项

A.ineachplace

B.forallparts

C.somewhere

D.anywhere

问题10选项

A.aso

B.so

C.sucha

D.such

问题11选项

A.treattogetherwell

B.passtogetherwell

C.getonwelltogether

D.gobywelltogether

问题12选项

A.himasingleworld

B.himnotoneword

C.asinglewordtohim

D.notonewordtohim

问题13选项

A.upme

B.upmyself

C.uptomyself

D.myselfup

问题14选项

A.draft

B.voice

C.air

D.sound

问题15选项

A.toclose

B.closing

C.tohavetoclose

D.forclosing

问题16选项

A.toshut

B.forshutting

C.inshutting

D.butshut

问题17选项

A.whiledoinglikethat

B.asIdidlikethat

C.asIdidso

D.atdoingso

问题18选项

A.Itwasnoone

B.Therewasnoone

C.Itwasanyone

D.Therewasanyone

问题19选项

A.remindtolock

B.remembertolock

C.remindlocking

D.rememberlocking

问题20选项

A.hadtojump

B.wastohavejumped

C.musthavejumped

D.couldbejumped

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:D

第8题:A

第9题:D

第10题:D

第11题:C

第12题:C

第13题:D

第14题:A

第15题:A

第16题:A

第17题:C

第18题:B

第19题:D

第20题:C

【解析】36.考查固定搭配。句意：他们不是因为兴趣而航行。D选项forthesakeof“为了；由于”符合语境，A选项forthereasonof，B选项forthemotiveof和C选项forthecauseof不常用。因此D选项正确。

37.考查形容词用法。句意：我们大多数人在累得想上床睡觉的时候都很高兴。enough作形容词时放在名词之前，作副词时放在形容词之后；tired“疲惫的”，一般形容人，tiring“引起疲惫的”，一般形容物。根据语境和选项，这里指我们感到疲惫，A选项tiredenough符合题意。因此A选项正确。

38.考查定语从句。句意：在旅程结束时感到开心。根据语境和选项，这里指旅程结束，C选项isover符合题意。A选项isachieved“实现”和D选项isintheend“在终点”搭配journey不恰当，B选项finish“结束”缺be动词构成被动语态。因此C选项正确。

39.考查副词用法。句意：这一次，在头一晚我感到特别慵懒，比平时早些上床睡觉。D选项somehow“莫名其妙地”不符合语境。A选项quite、B选项rather和C选项fairly都可表示程度，但语气的轻重不同，fairly程度最轻，rather程度最重；只有rather可以与比较级和副词too（太）连用，quitebetter“身体康复”除外，B选项rather符合题意。因此B选项正确。

40.考查固定搭配。句意：当我到达我的船舱。根据语境和选项，这里指到达某地，到达某地用arrivein/at+地方或者reached+地方，arriveto(do)sth.“赶到，到达”，reachedto“达到；延伸到；计达”，reachedat“企图去够；竭力想达到”，A选项arrivedin符合题意。因此A选项正确。

41.考查固定搭配。句意：我很惊讶地发现我有一个旅伴。固定搭配besurprisedtodosth.“惊讶地做某事”，表示未做；besurpriseddoingsth.“惊讶做了某事”，表示已做；besurprisedat/bysth.“对某事感到吃惊”；besurprisedthat+从句“对做某事感到吃惊”。A选项forseeing，B选项thatIsaw和C选项atseeing不符合语境，因此D选项tosee正确。

42.考查动词用法。句意：我原以为我是一个人。expecttodo“预期/期望做某事”；lonely“寂寞的；偏僻的”，alone“单独的；唯一的”。根据语境，这里指我以为这次旅行我是一个人，D选项tobealone符合题意。因此D选项正确。

43.考查定语从句。句意：但在对面的角落里有一个和我一样的手提箱。A选项like和B选项as都有“像”的意思，在谈到人、事物或动作彼此有相同点或共同点时，两者均可使用，只是like是介词，用于名词、代词、动名词之前，as是连词，用于分句之前；C选项similarthan和D选项thesamethat用法错误，应该是besimilarto和thesameas。根据同伴的suitcase“手提箱”和我的相像确定A选项like符合题意。因此A选项正确。

44.考查词组辨析。句意：他是你可能______遇到的那种人。A选项ineachplace“在每个地方”；B选项forallparts“对于所有部分”；C选项somewhere“在某处”；D选项anywhere“在任何地方”。根据语境，D选项anywhere“在任何地方”比较符合题意，意指这个人很普通。因此D选项正确。

45.考查虚词。句意：除了他穿着这么好的衣服。so是副词，用来修饰形容词或其他副词，so+adj.+a/an+n，只和可数名词单数连用；such是形容词，可以修饰可数和不可数名词，分别为such+a/an+adj.+n或such+adj.+n。clothes为可数名词复数形式，D选项such正确。

46.考查固定搭配。句意：我打定主意，不管他是谁，我们在一起是不能和睦相处的。C选项getonwelltogether“相处融洽”，其余选项非固定搭配，不符合语境。因此C选项正确。

47.考查动词用法。句意：没有对他说一句话。saysth.(tosb.)，C选项“asinglewordtohim”正确，其余选项用法错误。因此C选项正确。

48.考查固定搭配。句意：我感到很冷，但我尽可能地把自己裹起来，并试图继续睡觉。cover(oneself)up是固定搭配，D选项myselfup符合题意，其余选项用法错误。因此D选项正确。

49.考查名词辨析。句意：然后我意识到一股风从对面的窗户吹来。A选项draft“气流，风”；B选项voice“（人发出的）声音”；C选项air“空气”，结合形容词可表示气流，如currentsofwarmair“暖气流”，coldair“冷风”，D选项sound“（泛指）声音”。根据后文Thecoldairwascomingfromthewindowopposite.（冷空气从对面的窗户吹来。），可知这里指的是风，A选项draft“气流，风”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

50.考查动词用法。句意：我想我可能忘记关门了。forgettodosth.意思是“忘记要做某事”，forgetdoingsth.“忘记做过某事”，这里指的是忘记要关门，A选项toclose符合题意，其余选项用法错误。因此A选项正确。

51.考查介词用法。句意：所以我起身去关门，却发现它已经从里面锁上了。不定式todo结构表目的；在通常情况下，英语不用fordoingsth.来表示目的，但是，若一个动名词已名词化，则可与for连用表目的，如swimming。这里起身是为了关门，A选项toshut正确，B选项forshutting错误。C选项inshutting和D选项butshut用法错误。因此A选项正确。

52.考查时间状语。句意：当我穿过房间，月光透过房间照在另一张床上。这里指穿过房间这个具体的动作，dolikethat“像那样做”不符合语境，A、B选项错误。at加动词不表示时间，D选项错误。as作连词，在这里意为“当……时候”，符合题意。因此C选项正确。

53.考查定语从句。句意：那里一个人也没有。Therebe句型“有”，A、C选项错误。B选项Therewasnoone符合语境，D选项Therewasanyone用法错误。因此B选项正确。

54.考查动词用法。句意：过了一两分钟我才想起自己锁过门。A选项remindtolock用法错误，remindsb.todosth.“提醒某人去做某事”；B选项remembertolock，remembertodosth.“记住要做某事”；C选项remindlocking用法错误，remindsb.ofdoingsth.“提醒某人做过某事”；D选项rememberlocking，rememberdoingsth.“记得做过某事”。根据语境，这里是想起锁过门，D选项rememberlocking正确。

55.考查定语从句。句意：我意识到我的同伴一定是从窗户跳到海里去了。A选项hadtojump“不得不跳”，一般过去时；B选项wastohavejumped时态用法错误；C选项musthavejumped“一定已经跳了”，现在完成时；D选项couldbejumped不用被动语态，语法错误。根据语境，门被别人打开，同伴也不在房间，推测同伴一定跳海了，C选项musthavejumped“一定已经跳了”正确。

2.单选题

Goodsenseisthemostequitablydistributedthingintheworld,foreachmanconsidershimselfsowellprovidedwithitthateventhosewhoaremostdifficulttosatisfyineverythingelsedonotusuallywishtohavemoreofitthantheyhavealready.Itisnotlikelythateveryoneismistakeninthis;itshows,rather,thattheabilitytojudgerightlyandseparatethetruefromthefalse,whichisessentiallywhatiscalledgoodsenseorreason,isbynatureequalinallmen,andthusthatouropinionsdiffernotbecausesomemenarebetterendowedwithreasonthanothers,butonlybecausewedirectourthoughtsalongdifferentpaths,anddonotconsiderthesamethings,foritisnotenoughtohaveagoodmind:whatismostimportantistoapplyitrightly.Thegreatestsoulsarecapableofthegreatestvices;andthosewhowalkveryslowlycanadvancemuchfurther,iftheyalwayskeeptothedirectroad,thanthosewhorunandgoastray.

Formypart,Ihaveneverpresumedmymindtobemoreperfectthanaverageinanyway.Ihave,infact,oftenwishedthatmythoughtswereasquick,ormyimaginationaspreciseanddistinct,ormymemoryascapaciousorprompt,asthoseofsomeothermen.AndIknowofnootherqualitiesthanthesewhichmakefortheperfectionofthemind;forastoreason,orgoodsense,inasmuchasitalonemakesusmenanddistinguishesusfromthebeasts,Iamquitewillingtobelievethatitiswholeandentireineachofus,andtofollowinthecommonopinionofthephilosopherswhosaythattherearedifferencesofmoreorlessonlyamongtheaccidents,andnotamongtheforms,ornatures,oftheindividualsof-asingle-species.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thethreeelementsthatcompriseourmindare（）.

2.Thebasicideaofthefirstparagraphmaybestatedasfollows:（）

3.Abouthimself,theauthorstatesthat（）.

4.Theauthorclaimsthatwhatsetshumanbeingsapartfrombeastsis（）.

5.Accordingtotheauthortheabilitytodistinguishbetweenthetrueandthefalseis（）.

问题1选项

A.tenacityofthought,capaciousmemory,quicknessofmind

B.preciseofwit,easeofconscience,quicknessofthought

C.quicknessofwit,easeofconscience,quicknessofthought

D.promptnessofmemory,distinctnessofimagination,quicknessofthought

问题2选项

A.allpersonshaveanequalportionofgoodwillwhentheyareborn

B.greatsoulsarecapableofgreatevil

C.goodsense,intermsofitsdistributionamongpersons,maybecalledcommonsense

D.goodsenseisthemarkofthetrulygoodperson

问题3选项

A.hehadalwayssensedhismentalsuperiorityovermostpersons

B.hisawarenessofhismentalsuperiorityoverotherswassomethingthatgrewslowlywithexperience

C.heactuallyregardshisownmentalfacultiesasinferiorinmanywaystothoseof,thegreatmajorityofpersons

D.hehasneverhadthefeelingthathismindwasmorethanaverageinanyway

问题4选项

A.asenseoforganizationcombinedwiththeabilitytocreate

B.theabilitytoadapttothesurroundings

C.asenseofreasoncoupledwithastrongsenseofpracticality

D.asenseofreason

问题5选项

A.endowedbynaturetoallcreatures

B.endowedinequalmeasuretoallpersons

C.moreheavilypresentinsomepersonsthaninothers

D.anunnatural,cultivatedtraitinallpersons

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干及选项可定位到第二段"Ihave,infact,oftenwishedthatmythoughtswereasquick,ormyimaginationaspreciseanddistinct,ormymemoryascapaciousorprompt,asthoseofsomeothermen."事实上，我常常希望我的思维能像别人一样敏捷，我的想象力能像别人一样精确而鲜明，我的记忆力能像别人一样丰富而迅速。据此可知memory,imagination和thought是构成思维的三大因素。故D项正确。

2.主旨大意题。由第一段"Goodsenseisthemostequitablydistributedthingintheworld,foreachmanconsidershimselfsowellprovidedwithitthateventhosewhoaremostdifficulttosatisfyineverythingelsedonotusuallywishtohavemoreofitthantheyhavealready."良好的判断力是世界上最公平分配的东西，因为每个人都认为自己拥有良好的判断力，即使是那些在其他方面最难满足的人，通常也不希望自己拥有更多的判断力。可知第一段主要讲述了世界上的每个人的判断力都是平等的。A项“所有人在出生时都享有同等的善意”与原文不符；B项“伟大的灵魂能够做出伟大的坏事”原文没提到；C项“良好的判断力，从它在人群中被分配的情况看，可以被叫做常识。”与第一段的主旨大意相符。D项“良好的判断力是真正的好人的标志”第一段没有提到。故C项正确。

3.细节事实题。由题干定位到第二段第一句"Formypart,Ihaveneverpresumedmymindtobemoreperfectthanaverageinanyway."就我而言，我从来没有设想过自己的智力在任何方都比一般人更完美。”可知D项正确。ABC三项均与原文表述相反。

4.细节事实题。由题干定位到第二段"forastoreason,orgoodsense,inasmuchasitalonemakesusmenanddistinguishesusfromthebeasts…"因为理性，或者说理智，就其本身而言，使我们成为人，使我们与禽兽区别开来。据此可知使人与禽兽有区别的是理性或理智，故D项正确。

5.细节事实题。由题干定位到第一段"itshows,rather,thattheabilitytojudgerightlyandseparatethetruefromthefalse,whichisessentiallywhatiscalledgoodsenseorreason,isbynatureequalinallmen,"相反，它表明了正确判断和区分真伪的能力，也就是所谓的良好的感觉或理性，对于所有人来说天生就是平等的。故B项正确。

3.单选题

Withacandleinhand,hecarefully（）theflightofnarrowstairstohisbedroom.

问题1选项

A.asserted

B.ascertained

C.assembled

D.ascended

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。assert断言，坚持，维护；ascertain查明，确定；assemble聚集，集合；ascend攀登，上升。句意：他手里拿着蜡烛，小心翼翼地登上狭窄的楼梯，来到自己的卧室。选项D符合句意。

4.单选题

Wedidn’texpectthatthelocalgovernmentwassoefficient;allthethingswentwithaminimum（）andmaximumspeed.

问题1选项

A.autonomy

B.automation

C.frequency

D.bureaucracy

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词解析。A选项autonomy“自治”；B选项automation“自动化”；C选项frequency“频率；频繁”；D选项bureaucracy“官僚主义”。句意：我们真没料想当地政府竟是如此讲效率，所有事情以最低的……和最快的速度进行。governmentwassoefficient“政府的办事效率高”，可以说明现在政府中一些官僚主义减少了。因此D选项符合题意。

5.单选题

（）dullhemaybe，heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.Whatever

C.As

D.However

【答案】D

【解析】考查句子结构。A、B、C、D四个选项中，后面可以直接修饰形容词的只有D选项however。A选项although“尽管，虽然”，作为连词可以引导让步状语从句，后面接句子，应用到这个句子里面应该是：althoughhemaybedull；B选项whatever“不论什么”，后面应该接名词；C选项as“尽管，正如”，作为连词可以引导让步状语从句，后面接句子，应用到这个句子里面应该是：dullashemaybe；句意：无论他多么迟钝，他都是一名当之无愧的成功高层主管人员。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

6.单选题

TheGovernmentislikelyto（

）withtheoppositiononthenewtaxproposals.

问题1选项

A.encounter

B.confront

C.clash

D.contradict

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。encounterwith“遇到”；clashwith“冲突”；contradictwith“相对立”；confront后面不接with。句意：政府可能会在新的税收提案上遭到反对。选项A符合题意。

7.不定项选择题

Hebuiltahutonapieceofroughlandneararockfall.Inthewetseasontherewasaplentifulstream,andevertheyearsheencouragedthedryforesttosurroundhimwithathickscreen.Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.IntimeMelio(notwithoutsometerriblemistakes)learnthowtoliveinspiteofthedifficultiesuponthatmountainshelf.

HisonlyneighborswereafamilygroupofParakanasIndianswho,forreasonsknownonlytothemselves,tookalikingtoMelio.TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.TheParakanastaughtMeliotocatchfishwiththehelpofawildplantwhichmadethemsenselessinthestream.Itgaveoffapowerfuldrugwhenshakenviolentlythroughthewater.Theyshowedhimhowtohuntbylayingtrapsanddigging.IntimeMelio’spieceoflandbecamearegularfarm.Hehadwildbirds,fatlong-leggedonesandthinnearlyfeatherlesschickens,andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.

TheParakanaswerealwaysaroundhim.He’dneveradmititbuthecouldfeelthatthetreeswerelikethebarsofaprison:theywerewatchinghim.ItwasasifhewastherebycourtesyoftheChief.Whentheycametohim,theIndiansneverenteredhishousewithitssteeplyslopingroofofdriedgrassandleaves.Theyhadadelicatewayofbehaving.Theyshowedthemselvesbystandingintheshadeofthetreesattheclearing’sedge.Hewasexpectedtocrossthechickenstriptowardsthem.Thentheyhadacuriousbutcharminghabitoftakingapacebackfromhim,justoneoddstepbackwardsintotheirgreencorridors.Melionevercouldpersuadethemtocomeanycloser.

ThegroupguessedatMelio’shatredforhiscivilizedbrothersinthetownsfaraway.TheyknewMeliowouldneverinviteanymorewhitemenuphere.ThispleasedtheParakanas.Itmeantthattraderslookingforrubberandjewelswouldneverreachthem.TheirMeliowouldseetothat.Theyweresafewiththismanandhishatred.

16.ItisknownfromthepassagethatMeliowantedtheforestaroundhimtobecomethickbecausethedenseleaves（）.

17.TheChief’scomparisonofMeliotoasnakeisintendedtoshowthat（）.

18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

19.ToMelio,theParakanaIndiansseemed（）.

20.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheplacedescribedbytheauthorwas（）.

问题1选项

A.remindedhimofhishouseinthetownfaraway

B.preventedtheParakanasfromwatchinghim

C.helpedhimtoforgettheworldhehated

D.protectedhimfrombeingintrudedbythewhitemeninthetown

问题2选项

A.hedidnottrustMelio

B.itwasunwisetogotooclosetoMelio

C.hebelievedMeliohatedtheParakanas

D.hethoughtMeliowasoutofhismind

问题3选项

A.Meliostayedonhisfarmforanumberofyears.

B.Meliofeltlikeaprisonerbecausehecouldn’tescapebeingwatched.

C.Meliokepthimselfalive,duringtherainyseasonbyeatingwhathehadinstore.

D.TheParakanasthoughtMeliolivedthattherebecausehewaslookingforrubberandjewels.

问题4选项

A.oldbuthateful

B.strangebutattractive

C.unhealthybutfriendly

D.cowardlybutsociable

问题5选项

A.farremovedfromcivilization

B.impossibletocultivate

C.thehomeofMelio’sIndianrelatives

D.wetalltheyearround

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】16.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第一段第三句Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.（森林越茂密，就越容易忘记外面的环境），C选项“帮助他忘记了他所憎恨的世界”为正确选项。A选项“这使他想起了他在远处镇上的家”正好与Melio的意图相反。B选项“阻止了Parakanas监视他”不符合文章内容，可排除。D选项“保护他不受镇上白人的侵扰”文章并未提及，只在结尾处提到Melio从不邀请白人去那儿，因此可排除D选项。因此C选项正确。

17.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第二段第二句TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.（酋长从未仔细看过梅里奥，他自言自语地说，这个白人就像咬断自己尾巴的蛇一样疯狂），由此可知，选项B“和梅里奥走得太近是不明智的”为正确答案。选项A“他不信任梅里奥”，文章并未提及，可排除。选项C“他相信梅里奥憎恨Parakanas”，文章并未提及，可排除。选项D“他觉得梅里奥疯了”，文章并未提及，可排除。因此B选项正确。

18.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。选项A“梅里奥在他的农场待了几年”，定位到第二段倒数第二句Hehadwildbirds,fatlong-leggedonesandthinnearlyfeatherlesschickens,andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.（他养的是野鸟，有长腿的肥鸟，也有几乎没有羽毛的瘦鸡。他养的玉米和咸鱼足够他在雨季储存食物）可推测梅里奥在农场待过几年，排除A选项。选项B“梅里奥觉得自己像个囚犯，因为他无法逃避被监视”可定位到文中第三段第二句He’dneveradmititbuthecouldfeelthatthetreeswerelikethebarsofaprison:theywerewatchinghim.（他从不承认，但他能感觉到那些树就像监狱的铁栏：它们在监视着他），因此可排除B选项。选项C“在雨季，梅里奥靠吃他储存的食物来维持生命”可定位到文中第二段倒数第一句andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.（他的玉米和咸鱼足够他在雨季储存粮食），因此可排除C选项。D选项“Parakanas认为Melio住在那里是因为他在寻找橡胶和珠宝”，在文中没有提及，因此D选项正确。

19.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段倒数第二句Thentheyhadacuriousbutcharminghabitoftakingapacebackfromhim,justoneoddstepbackwardsintotheirgreencorridors.（然后，他们有一个奇怪而又迷人的习惯，总是退后一步，向绿色的走廊退一步）。B选项“奇怪，但有吸引力”与题干相符，因此B选项正确。

20.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。A选项“远离文明”，通读全文可知，A选项为正确答案。B选项“不可能培养”，文章第二段最后，提到Melio的土地成了一个农场，可排除B选项。C选项“梅里奥印第安亲戚的家”，文章中并没有提到Melio印度亲戚，那些人只是他的邻居，可排除C选项。D选项“终年潮湿”，文章第二段结尾提到“他的玉米和咸鱼足够他在雨季储存粮食”，可看出这个地方不是终年潮湿，可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

Ifyou（

）throughabookormagazine,youlookthroughitinacasualway.

问题1选项

A.brew

B.brood

C.bruise

D.browse

【答案】D

【解析】句意:随意地翻看书籍杂志，其实就是浏览。

考查动词辨析。Brew酿制(啤酒),沏(茶),煮(咖啡);brood焦虑,忧思(使人厌烦、担忧或不安的事);bruise(使)出现伤痕,撞伤;browse(在商店里)随便看看,浏览,翻阅。因此D符合句意。

9.单选题

Itgavemeastrangefeelingofexcitementtoseemynamein（

）.

问题1选项

A.news

B.print

C.publication

D.press

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。news意为“新闻，消息”；print意为“印刷业，印记”；publication意为“出版”；press意为“新闻，出版社”。inprint意为“印出来”。

句意：当看到我的名字出现在出版物上时，我有一种奇怪的兴奋感。

10.单选题

WillthereeverbeanotherEinstein?ThisistheundercurrentofconversationatEinsteinmemorialmeetingsthroughouttheyear.AnewEinsteinwillemerge,scientistssay.Butitmaytakealongtime.Afterall,morethan200yearsseparatedEinsteinfromhisnearestrival,IsaacNewton.

ManyphysicistssaythenextEinsteinhasn’tbeenbornyet,orisababynow.That’sbecausethequestforaunifiedtheorythatwouldaccountforalltheforcesofnaturehaspushedcurrentmathematicstoitslimits.Newmathmustbecreatedbeforetheproblemcanbesolved.

ButresearcherssaytherearemanyotherfactorsworkingagainstanotherEinsteinemerginganytimesoon.

Foronething,physicsisamuchdifferentfieldtoday.InEinstein’sday,therewereonlyafewthousandphysicistsworldwide,andthetheoreticianswhocouldintellectuallyrivalEinsteinprobablywouldfitintoastreetcarwithseatstoshare.

Educationisdifferent,too.OnecrucialaspectofEinstein’strainingthatisoverlookedistheyearsofphilosophyhereadasateenager—Kant,SchopenhauerandSpinoza,amongothers.Ittaughthimhowtothinkindependentlyandabstractlyaboutspaceandtime,anditwasn’tlongbeforehebecameaphilosopherhimself.

“Theindependencecreatedbyphilosophicalinsightis—inmyopinion—themarkofdistinctionbetweenamereartisan(IE)orspecialistandarealseekeraftertruth，”Einsteinwrotein1944.

Andhewasanaccomplishedmusician.Theinterplaybetweenmusicandmathiswell-known.Einsteinwouldfuriouslyplayhisviolinasawaytothinkthroughaknottyphysicsproblem.

Today,universitieshaveproducedmillionsofphysicists.Therearen’tmanyjobsinscienceforthem,sotheygotoWallStreetandSiliconValleytoapplytheiranalyticalskillstomorepractical—andrewarding—efforts.

“MaybethereisanEinsteinouttheretoday,”saidColumbiaUniversityphysicistBrianGreene,“butitwouldbealotharderforhimtobeheard.”

EspeciallyconsideringwhatEinsteinwasproposing.

“Theactualfabricofspaceandtimecurving?MyGod,whatanidea!”GreenesaidatarecentgatheringattheAspenInstitute.“Ittakesacertaintypeofpersonwhowillbanghisheadagainstthewallbecauseyoubelieveyou’llfindthesolution.”

PerhapsthebestexamplesarethefivescientificpapersEinsteinwroteinhis“miracleyear”of

1905.These“thoughtexperiments”werepagesofcalculationssignedandsubmittedtotheprestigiousjournalAnnalenderPhysikbyavirtualunknown.Therewerenofootnotesorcitations.

Whatmighthappentosuchasubmissiontoday?

“Weallgetpaperslikethoseinthemail,”Greenesaid.“Weputtheminthejunkfile.”

1.Whatdoscientistsseemtoagreeupon,judgingfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

2.WhatwascriticaltoEinstein’ssuccess?

3.Whatdoestheauthortellusaboutphysiciststoday?

4.WhatdoesBrianGreeneimplybysaying“itwouldbealotharderforhimtobeheard”(Para.9)?

5.Whenhesubmittedhispapersin1905,Einstein（

）.

问题1选项

A.Einsteinpushedmathematicsalmosttoitslimits.

B.ItwilltakeanotherEinsteintobuildaunifiedtheory.

C.NophysicistislikelytosurpassEinsteininthenext200years.

D.ItwillbesometimebeforeanewEinsteinemerges.

问题2选项

A.Histalentasanaccomplishedmusician.

B.Hisindependentandabstractthinking.

C.Hisuntiringefforttofulfillhispotential.

D.Hissolidfoundationinmaththeory.

问题3选项

A.Theytendtoneglecttraininginanalyticalskills.

B.Theyareverygoodatsolvingpracticalproblems.

C.Theyattachgreatimportancetopublishingacademicpapers.

D.Theyoftengointofieldsyieldinggreaterfinancialbenefits.

问题4选项

A.Peoplehavetocompeteinordertogettheirpaperspublished.

B.Itishardforascientisttohavehispaperspublishedtoday.

C.PaperslikeEinstein’swouldunlikelygetpublishedtoday.

D.Nobodywillreadpapersonapparentlyridiculoustheories.

问题5选项

A.forgottomakefootnotesandcitations

B.waslittleknowninacademiccircles

C.wasknownasayounggeniusinmathcalculations

D.knewnothingabouttheformatofacademicpapers

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第一段第三句话AnewEinsteinwillemerge,scientistssay.Butitmaytakealongtime.“科学家们说一个新的爱因斯坦将会出现。但是需要很长一段时间”，根据这句话可知选项D符合题意。

2.文章第五段提到了爱因斯坦所受的教育不同。在他青少年时期他时常阅读卡特、叔本华、斯宾诺莎这些哲学家的作品。这些作品教会了他如何独立以及抽象地去思考时间与空间。由此可推知爱因斯坦“独立以及抽象的思维”是他成功的关键。所以选项B符合题意。

3.文章第八段提到Therearen’tmanyjobsinscienceforthem,sotheygotoWallStreetandSiliconValleytoapplytheiranalyticalskillstomorepracticalandrewarding—efforts.今天的物理学家们很多都去华尔街和硅谷，把他们的分析能力运用到了实践，并且不断努力来获得（经济）回报。选项D符合题意。

4.文章最后一段提到如果我们收到像爱因斯坦那样纸上都是演算公式，没有脚注，没有参考文献的科学论文(getpaperslikethose)，我们会把这些直接放到垃圾邮件里（junkfile）。由此可以推知，BrianGreene是在暗示现在的学术环境——人们不会接受看似非常荒唐的想法。选项D符合题意。

5.文章倒数第三段“byavirtualunkown”,指的是当时的爱因斯坦还默默无闻，选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Histhoughtswere（）fromthispainfultopicbythesuddenarrivalofaneighbor.

问题1选项

A.attracted

B.retracted

C.distracted

D.protracted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项attract“吸引，引起”；B选项retract“缩回，缩进，取消”；C选项distract“（使）分心，转移注意力”，distract…from“使从……分心”；D选项protract“延长；绘制”A、B、D选项一般不和介词from连用。句意：突然来了一个邻居，使他从这个痛苦的话题上分心了。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。

12.案例题

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.

ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.

Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.

1.Whatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?

A.Greaterdiversity.

B.Intellectualmaturity.

C.Exceptionaldiligence.

D.Higherambition.

2.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

A.Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectations.

B.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

C.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.

D.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.

3.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.

C.Attitudeandapproachtob