考研考博-英语-厦门城市职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门城市职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Gradeinflation—thegradualincreaseinaverageGPAs(grade-pointaverages)overthepastfewdecades—isoftenconsideredaproductofaconsumererainhighereducation,inwhichstudentsaretreatedlikecustomerstobepleased.Butanother,relatedforce—apolicyoftenburieddeepincoursecatalogscalled“gradeforgiveness”—ishelpingraiseGPAs.

Gradeforgivenessallowsstudentstoretakeacourseinwhichtheyreceivedalowgrade,andthemostrecentgradeorthehighestgradeistheonlyonethatcountsincalculatingastudent'soverallGPA.

Theuseofthislittle-knownpracticehasacceleratedinrecentyears,ascollegescontinuetodotheirutmosttokeepstudentsinschool(andpayingtuition)andimprovetheirgraduationrates.Whenthispracticefirststarteddecadesago,itwasusuallylimitedtofreshmen,togivethemasecondchancetotakeaclassintheirfirstyeariftheystruggledintheirtransitiontocollege-levelcourses.Butnowmostcollegessaveformanyselectivecampuses,allowallundergraduates,andevengraduatestudents,togettheirlowgradesforgiven.

Collegeofficialstendtoemphasizethatthegoalofgradeforgivenessislessaboutthegradeitselfandmoreaboutencouragingstudentstoretakecoursescriticaltotheirdegreeprogramandgraduationwithoutincurringabigpenalty.“Untimely,”saidJackMiner,OhioStateUniversity'sregistrar,“weseestudentsachievemoresuccessbecausetheyretakeacourseanddobetterinsubsequentcontentsormasterthecontentthatallowsthemtograduateontime.”

Thatsaid,thereisawayinwhichgradeforgivenesssatisfiescolleges'ownneedsaswell.Forpublicinstitutions,statefundsaresometimestiedpartlytotheirsuccessonmetricssuchasgraduationratesandstudentretention-sobettergradescan,byboostingfigureslikethose,meanmoremoney.AndanythingthatraisesGPAswilllikelymakestudents-who,attheendoftheday,arepayingthebill-feelthey'vegottenabettervaluefortheirtuitiondollars,whichisanotherbigconcernforcolleges.

Indeed,gradeforgivenessisjustanotherwaythatuniversitiesarerespondingtoconsumers'expectationsforhighereducation.Sincestudentsandparentsexpectacollegedegreetoleadajob,itisinthebestinterestofaschooltoturnoutgraduateswhoareasqualifiedaspossible—oratleastappeartobe.Onthis,students'andcolleges'incentiveseemtobealigned.

1.Whatiscommonlyregardedasthecauseofgradeinflation?

2.Whatwastheoriginalpurposeofgradeforgiveness?

3.AccordingtoParagraph5,gradeforgivenessenablecollegesto（

）.

4.Whatdoesthephrase"tobealigned"(Para.6)mostprobablymean?

5.Theauthorexaminesthepracticeofgradeforgivenessby（

）.

问题1选项

A.Thechangeofcoursecatalogs.

B.Students'indifferencetoGPAs.

C.Colleges'neglectofGPAs.

D.Theinfluenceofconsumerculture.

问题2选项

A.Tohelpfreshmenadapttocollegelearning.

B.Tomaintaincolleges'graduationrates.

C.Topreparegraduatesforachallengingfuture.

D.Toincreaseuniversities'incomefromtuition.

问题3选项

A.obtainmorefinancialsupport

B.boosttheirstudentenrollments

C.improvetheirteachingquality

D.meetlocalgovernments'needs

问题4选项

A.Tocounterbalanceeachother.

B.Tocomplementeachother.

C.Tobeidenticalwitheachother.

D.Tobecontradictorytoeachother.

问题5选项

A.assessingitsfeasibility

B.analyzingthecausesbehindit

C.comparingdifferentviewsonit

D.listingitslong-runeffects

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节题。根据题干中的关键词gradeinflation可以定位到首段第一句话，此句话的句子主干：“Gradeinflationisoftenconsideredaproductofaconsumererainhighereducation.”题干中的beregardedas对应原文中的isconsidered，题干中的thecauseof（后边接结果）与原文中的aproductof（前边接结果）都表示因果关系。选项D中consumer是原文中的复现，其他选项都不具备干扰性，因此答案选择D。

2.细节题。根据题干中的关键词，我们只能定位到文章的第二段，但是第二段讲的是gradeforgiveness具体是什么，并没有提及它的目的，然后接下来看第三段的首句，出现了thislittle-knownpractice指的就是gradeforgiveness，而且题干中的theoriginalpurpose对应原文中的第三段第二句话：“Whenthispracticefirststarteddecadesago,itwasusuallylimitedtofreshmen,togivethemasecondchancetotakeaclassintheirfirstyeariftheystruggledintheirtransitiontocollege-levelcourses.”A选项中的freshmen是原词复现，help对应原文中的givethemasecondchance，adaptto对应原文中的struggledintheirtransitionto，collegelearning对应原文中的college-levelcourses。因此答案为A。

3.细节题。根据题干中的关键词paragraph5、gradeforgiveness和colleges可以定位到第五段的第一句，即gradeforgiveness能够满足学生的需求，但是对应选项并没有对应的答案，所以接着往下看，提到了国家基金与他们的成功有关，得到更好的分数意味着拿到更多的钱。选项A中的financialsupport指的就是statefunds。因此答案为A。

4.猜词题。根据题干，可以定位到第六段最后一句话：“Onthis,students'andcolleges'incentivesseemtobealigned.”所以解题的关键是找到this指代的内容。This指代的是前一句话，即：因为学生和家长都希望通过大学学历来找工作，所以学校的最佳利益是尽可能地把学生培养成有能力胜任的人，或者至少看起来是那样。由此可以得出学生和学校的目标是一致的，选项C中的beidenticalwith表示的是“与……相同”，因此答案为C。

5.主旨题。题干的字面意思是作者是通过什么样的方式来检验gradeforgiveness的实践操作，但是是考查文章的主旨，属于主旨题。阅读每段的段落大意句，可以得出文章主要讲解的是gradeforgiveness的原因。因此答案为B。

2.单选题

Infact,theU.SCongress（）totheBritishParliamentastheybothhavetherighttomakelaws.

问题1选项

A.agrees

B.corresponds

C.matches

D.coincides

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:agree“同意”；B:corresponds(to)“相当于”；C:match“匹配”；D:;coincide“一致”。句意：事实上，美国国会相当于英国议会，因为它们在制定法律方面权力相同。此处使用固定搭配coincidewith，故B为正确答案。

3.单选题

Manycriticsagreedthatbyandlarge,thismoviewasasuccessintermsofactingandphotography.

问题1选项

A.allatonce

B.byandby

C.tosomeextent

D.onthewhole

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。byandlarge表示“大体上，总的来说”；A项allatonce“突然”，B项byandby“不久以后”，C项tosomeextent“某种程度上”，D项onthewhole“基本上”。句意：许多评论家一致认为，总的来说，这部电影在表演和摄影方面都是成功的。根据句意可知，选择D项正确。

4.单选题

Nowadays,acell-phoneserviceisavailabletoeveryone,everywhere.Probablythousandsofpeoplehavealreadybeenusingit,butIjustdiscoveredit,soI’mgoingtoclaimitandalsonameit:FakeFoning.

Thetechnologyhasbeenworkingwellformeattheoffice,butthereareinfiniteapplications,virtuallyinanypublicspace.

Sayyouworkatabiguniversitywithlotsoftalkyfacultymembersbuzzingabout.Now,sayyouneedtousetherestroom.Thetripdownthehallwilltakeapproximatelyonehour,becauseapersoncan’twalkintothosetalkypeoplewithoutgettingpulledasideforaquestion,abitofgossip,anewreadonacertainlineofParadiseLost.

So,acell-phone.Anycell-phone.Justpickitup.Don’tdial.Justholdthatphonetoyourfaceandstarttalking.Walkconfidentlydownthehallengagedinfakeconversation,makingsuretotailorboththetopicandcontenttothepersonstandingbeforeyouwhomyouaretryingtoevade.

Forstandardcolleagueavoidance,Isuggestfakechattingaboutfakebusiness:“Yes,I’mgladyoucalled,becausewereallyneedtohammeroutthedetails.What’sthat?Yes,IreadPage12,butifyoulookatthebottomof4,Ithinkyoucanseetheproblembeginsrightthere.”

Beanimated.Beengagedinyourfakefoneconversation.Makeeyecontactwiththepeoplepassingnodtothem,gesturekeeninterestintalkingtothemalalatertime,pointtoyourPhone,shrugandmoveon.

Shoppersshouldconsiderfakefoninganytimetheyspotatalkyneighborintheproducedepartmentpinching(用手捏)unripepeaches.Withoutyourphoneatyourface,you’dbeinfora20-minutespeechonhowterribletheworldis.

Oneimportantcautionaboutfakefoning.TheotherdayIwasfakefoningmywaypastacolleague,andhewasactuallyfollowingmetogetmyattention.IknewhewantedtoaskaboutaprojectIhadnotyetfinished.Iwastryingtobuymyselfsometime,so1continuedfakefoningwithmydoctor.SoIdon’tneedtheoperation?Oh,doctor,thatisthebestnews.”

Andthen:Biirnig!Binurg!Bnnrrg!Myphonestartedringing,righttherewhileitwasplantedonmyface.Mycolleaguelookedatme,andIathim,andnaturallyIgasped.“Whatisthematterwiththisthing?”Isaid,pullingthephoneawaytolookatit,andthenputtingitbacktomycar.“Hello?Areyoustillthere?”Oops

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

2.Whatisfakefoning?

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,inordertomakefakefoninglookrealonehasto（

）.

4.Whatdoesthelastexampleshow?

5.Afterhisphonesuddenlybeganringing,theauthor（

）.

问题1选项

A.Cell-phoneserviceispopularamongpeople.

B.Cell-phonehasmuchuseinoffice.

C.Fakefoningisanewcell-phoneservice.

D.Fakefoningisanewdiscovery.

问题2选项

A.Astrategytoavoidpeople.

B.Adevicenewlyproduced.

C.Aserviceprovidedeverywhere.

D.Askillofcommunication.

问题3选项

A.talkaboutinterestingmatters

B.behavepolitelytopeoplepassingby

C.holdthephonewhilewalking

D.appearabsorbedinconversation

问题4选项

A.Oneeffectivewayistofakefoneone’sdoctor.

B.Onehastobecarefulwhilefakefoning.

C.Fakefoningmaynotdeceivepeople.

D.Fakefoningisalwaysquitesuccessful.

问题5选项

A.immediatelystartedtalkingtothecaller

B.immediatelystartedtalkingtohiscolleague

C.putthephoneawayandstoppedtalking

D.continuedwithhisfakeconversatio

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列表述哪个是不正确的”。文章第一段提到“也许成千上万人已经开始使用，但是我刚刚才知道”（Probablythousandsofpeoplehavealreadybeenusingit,butIjustdiscoveredit,soI’mgoingtoclaimitandalsonameit:FakeFoning），由此可知，fakefoning已经出现很久了，并不是才出现，所以选项C的陈述“新功能”是不正确的，符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“假装打电话是什么”。文章第五段提到“去避开同事的标准的假打电话，我建议假聊业务”（Forstandardcolleagueavoidance,Isuggestfakechattingaboutfakebusiness），由此可知选项A“避开人的一个策略”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“在作者看来，为了让假装打电话看起来逼真，应该……”。文章第六段前面两句提到“假装打电话要逼真与专注”（Beanimated.Beengagedinyourfakefoneconversation），选项D“看上去专注于谈话”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“最后一个例子说明……”。文章倒数第二段举了自己为了给自己争取时间，而假装跟医生聊天的例子，说明假装打电话的时候一定要小心。选项B符合题意。

5.细节事实题。题目问的是“在自己的电话突然开始响起后，作者……”。文章最后一段提到“我自然地喘气，我说‘这事情到底怎么回事’，随后我将电话移开并放到我的车上”（andnaturallyIgasped.“Whatisthematterwiththisthing?”Isaid,pullingthephoneawaytolookatit,andthenputtingitbacktomycar），选项D“继续假装谈话”符合题意。

5.单选题

Thestudents______theirthankstoProfessorDavisbypresentinghimwithapartinggift.

问题1选项

A.extended

B.offered

C.expressed

D.indicated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项extend“延伸，扩大”，B项offer“提供”，C项express“表达”，D项indicate“表明，指出”。根据关键词thanks“感谢”可知，空格部分填入express符合语境。句意：学生们送给戴维斯教授一份临别礼物，以表示对他的感谢。因此，该题选择C项正确。

6.单选题

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

问题1选项

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项onoccasion“间或，有时”，例句：Ithas,onoccasion，createdtroubleforthebank.(有时，这给银行造成麻烦。)；B选项onpurpose“故意”，例句：Icamehereonpurposetoseeyou.（我特地来这里看你。)；C选项oncondition“在……条件下，如果，倘若”，例句：Youcangooutonconditionthatyouwearanovercoat.(你要穿上外套才能出去。)；D选项onlyif“只要，只有”。用于句首时，后面主句的主谓语要倒装，例如：Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoenterthisroom.（只有得到老师的允许，学生才可以进这屋。)。四个选项中只有C选项oncondition后面跟that从句，表示“在……条件下”。句意：他向我借钱，我同意了，但条件是下周还钱。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。

7.单选题

Becauseoftheseveredrought,thegovernmenthasurgedpeopletobe（

）withwater.

问题1选项

A.economic

B.thrifty

C.cautions

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】考查近义词辨析。economic经济的；thrifty节约的，节省的；caution谨慎的，十分小心的；economical经济的，节约的。由句中“severedraught严重旱灾”可知政府号召人们节约用水，不要浪费水。句意：由于那场严重的旱灾，政府号召人们节约用水。故答案B

8.单选题

Thehousewasveryquiet,（

）asitwasonthesideofamountain.

问题1选项

A.isolated

B.isolating

C.beingisolated

D.havingbeenisolated

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这栋房子非常安静，由于它在山麓上而被隔离开了。后半句句子的主语是it,指代前面的house，house与isolate是动宾关系，即“房子被隔离”，因此应该用过去分词形式。根据句意，选项A符合题意。

9.翻译题

Atthestartofthe21stcentury,humankindfindsitselfonanon-sustainablecourse—thecoursethat,unlessitischanged,couldleadtograndscalecatastrophes.Atthesametime,weareunlockingformidablenewcapabilitiesthatleadtomoreexcitinglivesandgloriouscivilizations.Thiscouldbeeitherhumanity’slastcenturyorthecenturythatsetstheworldonacoursetowardaspectacularfuture.

Weliveonasmall,beautifulandatotallyisolatedplanet,butitspopulationisbecomingtoolarge;enormousnewconsumersocietiesaregrowing,ofwhichChinaisthelargest;andtechnologyisbecomingpowerfulenoughtowrecktheplanet.Wearetravelingatbreakneckspeedintoanageoftheextremes—extremesinwealthandpoverty,extremesintechnologyandtheexperimentsthatscientistswanttoperform,extremeforcesofglobalism,weaponsofmassdestructionandterroristsactinginthenameofreligion.Ifwearetosurvive,wehavetolearnhowtomanagethissituation.

Thesetofproblemshasasetofsolutions.Ifwehumansimplementthesesolutions,wecangraduallyachievesustainabledevelopmentandasustainablebutaffluentlife.Workingtowardsustainabilityrequiresmanydifferenttypesofactionsindifferentsubjectareas.Inlightofrapidlyadvancingtechnology,however,sustainabilityaloneisnotenough.Weneedtobeconcernedwithsurvivability.Theremustbeamoveawayfromtheuntenablecourseweareontodaytowardaworldwherewelearntocontrolthediverseforcesweareunleashing.

【答案】【参考译文】在21世纪开始之际，人类意识到自己正走上了一条走不下去的路。除非改变方向，否则这条路会将人类引向巨大的灾难。可是同时，我们也正释放出种种新的巨大潜能，而借助这些潜能，人类能迎来各种更令人激动的生活和更光辉的文明。这可能是人类的最后一个世纪，但也可能是人类拨正航程，朝光辉灿烂未来驶去的一个世纪。

我们生活在一个与其他星球隔绝的美丽的小星球上，但是地球的人口已经太多；庞大的新兴消费社会正在成长，而中国是其中最大的一个；科技也正变得无比强大到足以毁坏这个星球。我们正疯狂地奔向一个极端的时代：极端的富有，极端的贫困，极端的科学技术，极端的科学实验，极端的全球化影响力，大规模毁灭性武器，还有以宗教名义进行的恐怖活动。假如想要逃此一劫，我们就得学会如何驾驭这一形势。

这一系列的问题也有一系列的解决方案。如果我们人类能将这些方案付诸实施，我们就能渐渐地达到可持续发展的目标，享有一种既可持续但仍富裕的生活。达到可持续这个目标需要在不同的领域采取不同的行动。然而考虑到科技的快速发展，仅仅可持续是不够的。我们需要关注能否存活。我们必须放弃今日我们采取的已无出路的方向，朝一个新方向前行，而新世界要求我们学会掌控我们释放出的各种能量。

10.单选题

4.

问题1选项

A.Pizzaisherfavoritefood.

B.Pizzaishersecondchoice.

C.Shedislikestheman’sidea.

D.Shecouldn’tagreewiththemanmore.

【答案】D

【解析】M:I’vegotanidea.Let’sorderapizza.

W:Great.Isecondthatnotion.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】态度方向。男士提议定披萨，女士说：Great.Isecondthatnotion(好呀，我同意)。

11.单选题

NewYorkprobablyhasthelargestnumberofdifferentlanguage（）intheworld.

问题1选项

A.neighborhoods

B.communities

C.clusters

D.assemblies

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项neighborhood“街坊，街区”，B项community“社区，共同体，团体”，C项cluster“群，簇”，D项assembly“装配，集合”；根据空格前面的differentlanguage（不同的语言），结合句子的语境，只有B项符合。句意：纽约可能是世界上不同语言社区数量最多的城市。因此，该题选择B项正确。

12.单选题

Thisweektentopdesignerswill______theirautumncollectionsatthefashionfair.

问题1选项

A.enhance

B.lubricate

C.hustle

D.unveil

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项enhance“提高；加强；增加”；B选项lubricate“润滑；涂油；起润滑剂作用；使……润滑；给……加润滑油”；C选项hustle“推搡；强力将（某人往特定方向）赶；努力干；奋力前行；（粗暴地）取得；兜售；偷窃；拉客”；D选项unveil“使公之于众，揭开；揭幕；除去面纱；显露”。句意：本周，十位顶级设计师将在时装博览会上揭示他们的秋季作品集。因此D选项正确。

13.单选题

TheEastandtheWestcanworktogetherfortheir（）benefitandprogress.

问题1选项

A.common

B.mutual

C.same

D.cooperative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项common“普通的；一般的”，B选项mutual“共同的；相互的，彼此的”，C选项same“同样的；一样的”，D选项cooperative“合作的；合作社的”；原句：东西方可以为各自的（）利益和进步而共同努力。通过带入A、B、C、D可以发现，句子想要表达的意思是：共同的利益，而mutual是最能体现这个含义的，它有各自为战，却又有共同之处的含义，因此B选项符合题意。

14.单选题

Journalistsusuallyrefertowhattheywriteasstories.Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories.Thisdoesnotapplyonlytoreportersbuttoeverybodyintheeditorialchain,fromdeskeditors,copyeditors,specialistandsportswriterstotheeditorhimorherself.Wordspublishedinnewspapers,onairoronlinearestories.

Storiessoundinteresting;reportssounddull.Tosome,storiesmeanfiction:"Tellmeastory,mummy”.Storiesaretallandshort,madeupandtrue.Truestoriesareaboutwhathappened.Wetellstoriesinconversation,recountingexperiencesandeventsinwhichwetookpartorobserve.Thecrucialthingaboutastoryisthatotherpeoplewanttohearit,becauseitisinterestingorentertaining.Otherwisethestorytellerisabore.

Sojournalistswritestoriesfortheirreaderstotellthemwhatisgoingon,toinformthem,engagethem,entertainthem,shockthem,amusethem,disturbthem,upliftthem.Thesubjectmatterwillvaryaccordingtothenatureofthepublicationandtheintendedaudience.Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices.Andthepaperwillincludethatvitalingredientserendipity-thestoryyoudidn’texpect,the"justfancythat",theabsurditiesaswellasthetravailsofthehumancondition.

Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.Itisaboutfindingthingsoutandtellingotherpeopleaboutthem.Thefindingoutrequiresavarietyofskillsbecausethoseinpoweroftenpreferthatweknowonlysomuch.Journalismisaboutholdingsuchpeopletoaccount,exposingtheirhumbugandhypocrisy,theabuseoftheirpower.Thisincludesthecontrolitgivesthemovertheflowofinformation,theabilitytoburythebadnews,tospinandobfuscate.Goodjournalistsmustasktheawkwardquestionsandquestiontheanswers,mustdigtounearthandthenexplain,makingcomprehensiblethatwhichauthority,byintentorverbalinadequacy,hasleftconfused,incompleteorplainmendacious.Incomprehensiblejournalismisquitesimplybadjournalism,andthereforepointless.

Ultimatelythereisonlyonepurpose:tomakethereaderreadthestory.Iftheydon't,whatwasthepointoffindingitoutandtellingit?Thisbookletpicksupthestorywhenthereaderhasreachedthestageofdecidingtoaddressthestory.Thatisnotthesameasreadingit,orevenreadingacertainamountofit.Theyhavejustreachedthefirstword,perhapsattractedbythepicture,theextractedquote,oranyoftheotherpresentationaldevicesusedtodragthereadertothestory.Wehavereachedthestagewherethereaderisgoingtosubjectthestorytothefinaltest,readingsomeorallofin.Thisisaboutwriting.

Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.Itisselective,doesnotinvolvecommitmenttothewhole.Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper.Thenewspaperreader,unlikethereaderofthemoreliterarynovel,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour.Heorshewillnotreadasentenceorparagraphasecondtimetobeclearaboutwhatisbeingsaid.Confusion,moreoftenthannot,willmeanabandoningthestoryaltogetherandmovingon.Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting.Manyyoungpeoplethinktheywouldliketobejournalistsbecausetheyhave"alwayslovedwriting”orstartedwritingpoemswhentheywereeight.Itiscertainlynotenoughandmaywellbeabarriertosuccessinjournalism.ThelateNicholasTomalinfamouslywrotethat"theonlyqualitiesessentialforrealsuccessinjournalismarerat-likecunning,aplausiblemanner,andalittleliteraryability."Heincludedwriting,butheplaceditthirdandprefaceditwithadiminutive.Thewritingmatters;butdon'tthinkofitasart.Thinkofitasworkingwriting,writingdoingajob,writingthatputsacrossinformationinawaythatmakesreaderswanttoabsorbit.

Atatimewhenthevastmajorityofentrantstojournalismhavedegrees—welcomebecausejournalisminacomplexworldisanintellectualpursuititisworthpointingoutthatwritingfornewspapersisalsoverydifferentfromtheacademicwritingofstudentessays.Notimetoproducearoutemapfortheessayandreachthepointsomewhereneartheend;thejournalistmustgrabtheattentionatonce.

Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengagingly,sothatreaderswillkeepreading;toexplainsothatallthereadersunderstand,andwantto.Thisisthetaskthewritingjournalisthas.

1.Whichofthefollowingismostlyusedbyjournaliststodescribethepiecestheywrite?

2.Whatshouldagoodnewspapereditordoaccordingtothetext?

3.ThequoteofNicholasTomalinisusedtoexpressthat（）

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweennewspaperreadingandbookreading?

5.Whatisthefinalpurposeforjournalisticwritingaccordingtothetext?

问题1选项

A.Reports.

B.Stories.

C.Articles.

D.Pieces.

问题2选项

A.Findthingsoutandtellreadersaboutthem.

B.Grabtheattentionatonce.

C.Catertoreaders’interestsandpreoccupations.

D.Controltheflowofinformation.

问题3选项

A.Journalisticwritingisdifferentfromwritingasanart.

B.Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengaginglyforreaderstokeepreading.

C.Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.

D.Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.

问题4选项

A.Contentsareselectedinnewspapers.

B.Lesstimeisspentreadinganewspaper.

C.Newspaperreadersareexpectedtoinvesteffortintheendeavour.

D.Newspaperreadersgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

问题5选项

A.Makingreadersspendmoretimereadinganewspaper.

B.Connectingreaderswithgovernments.

C.Makingreadersreadthestory.

D.Explaininginawaysothatallthereadersunderstand.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.事实细节题。第一段指出“Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories”，不是文章或报告，偶尔的作品是故事。由此可知B项“故事”正确。

第2题:2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位至第三段“Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices”，一位好的报纸编辑要有明确的概念，即：什么样的人会读报纸，要迎合读者的兴趣，抓住读者的注意力，有时可能要关注他们的偏见。因此C项“迎合读者的兴趣，抓住读者的注意力”正确。

第3题:3.判断推理题。对NicholasTomalin所述的引用在第七段，第七段的主题句是“Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting”，所以新闻写作不同于创意写作。此后的每句都是在论证这一主题句，因此A项“新闻写作不同于创意写作”正确。

第4题:4.事实细节题。A:报纸上的内容是选择性的。第六段指出“Itisselective”，它是选择性的，因此A项正确。B：读报所花的时间更少。根据“Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper”可知B项正确。C：报纸读者应该在这方面努力。根据“Thenewspaperreader,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour”，看报的人并不需要投入太多的精力，因此C项与原文不符。D：报纸读者偏爱故事，而不喜欢从头到尾读。根据“Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough”，许多读报者只是略读，仅仅粗略看看故事而不是精读，因此D项正确。

第5题:5.判断推理题。文章讲述了新闻写作的特点与要求。因为看报者通常会花较少的时间浏览报纸各版面，所以新闻作品要迎合读者口味，吸引他们的注意力。故本题选A项“让读者花费更多的时间去阅读报纸”。

15.单选题

Therisingofpriceswill______offdemandsforpayincreases.

问题1选项

A.trigger

B.nudge

C.trail

D.switch

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。A选项trigger“触发；引起”；B选项nudge“（常用肘为引起注意）轻推”；C选项trail“没精打采地慢走；拉”；D选项switch“转变；交换；调班”。句意：物价上涨会______涨工资的要求。根据语境，这里指物价上涨以后人们就想要涨工资，A选项trigger“触发；引起”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

16.单选题

Thelegislationofacountryrecentlyconsideredabilldesignedtoreducetheuncertaintyinherentintheownershipofartbyspecifyingcertainconditionsthatmustbemetbeforeanallegedlystolenworkofartcanbereclaimedofbyaplaintiff.Thebillplacestheburdenofproofinreclamationlitigationentirelyontheplaintiff,whomustdemonstratethattheholderofanitemknewatthetimeofpurchasethatithadbeenstolen.Additionally,thebillcreatesauniformnationalstatuteoflimitationsforreclamationofstolenculturalproperty.

Testifyinginsupportofthebill,JamesD.Burke,acitizenofthecountryandoneofitsleadingartmuseumdirectors,specificallypraisedtheinclusionofastatuteoflimitations;otherwise,hesaid,othercountriescouldseektoreclaimvaluableartobjects,nomatterhowlongtheyhavebeenheldbythecurrentownerorhowlegitimatelytheywereacquired.Anycountrycouldenactapatrimonylawstatingthatanythingevermadewithintheboundariesofthatcountryisitsculturalproperty.Burkeexpressedthefearthatwidespreadreclamationlitigationwouldleadtoruinouslegaldefensecostsformuseums.

However,becausesuchreclamationsuitshavenotyetbeenaproblem,thereislittlebasisforBurke’sconcern.Infact,theproposedlegislationwouldestablishtoomanyunjustifiablebarrierstothelocationandrecoveryofstolenobjects.Themainbarrieristhatthebillconsiderstheannouncementofanarttransactioninamuseumpublicationtobeadequateevidenceofanattempttonotifyapossibleowner.Therearefartoomanysuchpublicationsforthevictimofathefttosurvey,andwithonlythisformofdisclosure,astolenobjectcouldeasilyremaintheobjecttoascholarforverificationthatitisnotstolen,butitisarareacademicwhoisawareofanybutthemostpublicizedartthefts.Moreover,thetimelimitspecifiedbythestatuteoflimitationsisveryshort,andtherequirementthattheplaintiffdemonstratethattheholderhadknowledgeofthetheftisunrealistic.Typically,stolenartchangeshandsseveraltimesbeforerisingtothelevelinthemarketplacewhereacuratororcollectorwouldseeit.Atthatpoint,theobjectbearsnotraceoftheinitialtransactionbetweenthethiefandthefirstpurchaser,perhapstheonlyoneinthechainwhoknowinglyacquiredastolenworkofart.

Thus,theneedfornewlegislationtoprotectholdersofartisnotobvious.Rather,whatisnecessaryislegislationremedyingthedifficultiesthatlegitimateownersofworksofart,andcountriesfromwhichsuchworkshavebeenstolen,haveinlocationandreclaimingthesestolenworks.

51.Whichoneofthefollowingmostaccuratelysummarizesthemainpointofthepassage?

52.WhichoneofthefollowingisanexampleofthekindofactionthatBurkefearedwouldposeaseriousthreattomuseumsinhiscountry?

53.Accordingtothepassage,Burkeenvisagedthemostformidablepotentialadversariesofhiscountry’smuseumsinreclamationlitigationtobe______.

54.Whichoneofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardtheproposedbill?

55.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexemplifiesthesortoflegislationconsiderednecessarybytheauthorofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Variouslegaldisputeshaverecentlyarisenthatdemonstratetheneedforlegislationclarifyingthelegalpositionofmuseumsinsuitsinvolvingtherepossessionofculturalproperty.

B.Abillintendedtopreventothergovernmentsfromrecoveringculturalpropertywasrecentlyintroducedintothelegislatureofacountryatthebehestofitsmuseumdirectors.

C.Abillintendedtoprotectgood-faithpurchasersofworksofartfromreclamationlitigationisunnecessaryandfailstoaddresstheneedsoflegitimateownersattemptingtorecoverstolenartworks.

D.Clashesbetweenmuseumprofessionalsandmembersoftheacademiccommunityregardinggovernmentallegislationoftheartscanbestberesolvedbynegotiationandarbitration,notbylitigation.

问题2选项

A.Thepassageofalawbyanothercountryforbiddingthefutureexportofanyarchaeologicalobjectsuncoveredatsitswithinitsterritory.

B.Aninternationalaccordestablishingstrictcriteriafordeterminingwhetheraworkofartcanbeconsideredstolenandspecifyingthecircumstancesunderwhichitmustber