考研考博-英语-内江职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内江职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

______aticketforthematch,hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome.

问题1选项

A.Obtainingnot

B.Notobtaining

C.Nothavingobtained

D.Notobtained

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。由后半句可知“他现在只能在家看电视”，即未买到比赛的票是既成事实，并且此事实对现在产生了影响，因此应该使用现在完成时态。主语he与动词obtain之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词的现在完成时态。因此C选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Ithaslongbeenknownthattherateofoxidativemetabolism(theprocessthatusesoxygentoconvertfoodintoenergy)inanyanimalhasaprofoundeffectonitslivingpatterns.Thehighmetabolicrateofsmallanimals,forexample,givesthemsustainedpowerandactivityperunitofweight,butatthecostofrequiringconstantconsumptionoffoodandwater.Verylargeanimals,withtheirrelativelylowmetabolicrates,cansurvivewellonasporadicfoodsupply,butcangeneratelittlemetabolicenergypergramofbodyweight.Ifonlyoxidativemetabolicrateisconsidered,therefore,onemightassumethatsmaller,moreactive,animalscouldpreyonlargerones,atleastiftheyattackedingroups.Perhapstheycouldifitwerenotforanaerobicglycolysis,thegreatequalizer.

Anaerobicglycolysisisaprocessinwhichenergyisproduced,withoutoxygen,throughthebreakdownofmuscleglycogenintolacticacidandadenosinetriphosphate(ATP),theenergyprovider.Theamountofenergythatcanbeproducedanaerobicallyisafunctionoftheamountofglycogenpresent——inallvertebratesabout0.5percentoftheirmuscles’netweight.Thustheanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothesizeoftheanimal.If,forexample,somepredatorshadattackeda100-tendinosaur,normallytorpid,thedinosaurwouldhavebeenabletogeneratealmostinstantaneously,viaanaerobicglycolysis,theenergyof3,000humansatmaximumoxidativemetabolicenergyproduction.Thisexplainshowmanylargespecieshavemanagedtocompetewiththeirmoreactiveneighbors:thecompensationforalowoxidativemetabolicrateisglycolysis.

Therearelimitations,however,tothiscompensation.Theglycogenreservesofanyanimalaregood,atmost,foronlyabouttwominutesatmaximumeffort,afterwhichonlythenormaloxidativemetabolicsourceofenergyremains.Withtheconclusionofaburstofactivity,thelacticacidlevelishighinthebodyfluids,leavingthelargeanimalvulnerableto

attackuntiltheacidisreconverted,viaoxidativemetabolism,bytheliverintoglucose,whichisthensent(inpart)backtothemusclesforglycogenresynthesis.Duringthisprocesstheenormousenergydebtthattheanimalhasrunupthroughanaerobicglycolysismustberepaid,adebtthatisproportionallymuchgreaterforthelargervertebratesthanforthesmallerones.Whereasthetinyshrewcanreplaceinminutestheglycogenusedformaximumeffort,forexample,thegiganticdinosaurwouldhaverequiredmorethanthreeweeks.Itmightseemthatthisinterminablylongrecoverytimeinalargevertebratewouldproveagravedisadvantageforsurvival.Fortunately,muscleglycogenisusedonlywhenneededandeventhenonlyinwhateverquantityisnecessary.Onlyintimesofpanicorduringmortalcombatwouldtheentirereservesbeconsumed.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,amajorlimitationofanaerobicglycolysisisthatitcan（

）.

3.Thepassagesuggeststhatthetotalanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothevertebrate’ssizebecause（

）.

4.Theauthorismostprobablyaddressingwhichofthefollowingaudiences?

5.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthecentralideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.refuteamisconceptionaboutanaerobicglycolysis

B.explainanaerobicglycolysisanditseffectsonanimalsurvival

C.describethelimitationsofanaerobicglycolysis

D.analyzethechemistryofanaerobicglycolysisanditssimilaritytooxidativemetabolism

问题2选项

A.produceinlargeanimalsmorelacticacidthanthelivercansafelyreconvert

B.necessitateadangerouslylongrecoveryperiodinlargeanimals

C.produceenergymoreslowlythanitcanbeusedbylargeanimals

D.consumealloftheavailableglycogenregardlessofneed

问题3选项

A.largervertebratesconservemoreenergythansmallervertebrates

B.largervertebratesuselessoxygenperunitweightthansmallervertebrates

C.theabilityofavertebratetoconsumefoodisafunctionofitssize

D.theamountofmuscletissueinavertebrateisdirectlyrelatedtoitssize

问题4选项

A.Collegestudentsinanintroductorycourseonanimalphysiology

B.Historiansofscienceinvestigatingthediscoveryofanaerobicglycolysis

C.Graduatestudentswithspecializedtrainingincomparativeanatomy

D.ZoologistsinterestedinPrehistoricanimals

问题5选项

A.Thedisadvantageofalowoxidativemetabolicrateinlargeanimalscanbeoffsetbytheirabilitytoconvertsubstantialamountsofglycogenintoenergy.

B.Themostsignificantproblemfacinganimalsthathaveusedanaerobicglycolysisforenergyistheresynthesisofitsbyproduct,glucose,intoglycogen.

C.Thebenefitstoanimalsofanaerobicglycolysisareoffsetbytheprofoundcoststhatmustbepaid.

D.Themajorfactorensuringthatalargeanimalwilltriumphoverasmalleranimalisthelargeanimal’sabilitytoproduceenergyviaanaerobicglycolysis

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.文章第一段提到动作的氧化代谢率对它们生存方式造成的影响（inanyanimalhasaprofoundeffectonitslivingpatterns）；第二段解释无氧糖酵解（Anaerobicglycolysisisaprocessinwhichenergyisproduced,withoutoxygen,throughthebreakdownofmuscleglycogenintolacticacidandadenosinetriphosphate(ATP),theenergyprovider）；第三段提到了无氧糖酵解的不足以及对动物的生存产生的影响。综上所述，选项B符合题意。

2.文章第三段第一句提到了补偿的局限性（therearelimitations,however,tothiscompensation），指出动物由于无氧糖酵解所导致的大量能量消耗必须得到补偿，然后又通过小松鼠为例来说明小型动物补偿的时间短，而大型动物则需要很长的时间才能完成补偿，这就是补偿的局限性。选项B符合题意。

3.文章第二段第二句话Theamountofenergythatcanbeproducedanaerobicallyisafunctionoftheamountofglycogenpresent—inallvertebratesabout0.5percentoftheirmuscles’netweight.Thustheanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothesizeoftheanimal提到了无氧糖酵解与动物体型的关系。随后举了恐龙的例子来解释说明肌肉越多，糖原质的含量就越多，体型大，肌肉多，选项D符合题意。

4.文章主要介绍无氧糖酵解对动物的生存产生的影响，没有使用一些非常晦涩难懂的专业知识，因此作者最可能针对的是刚刚接触相关学科的人群。选项A符合题意。

5.文章主要提及了氧化代谢率较低的大型动物的不利原因。作者通过举了恐龙这种大型动物来说明自己的观点，比如一只100吨重的恐龙可以通过无氧糖酵解产生3000个人进行氧化新陈代谢（viaanaerobicglycolysis,theenergyof3,000humansatmaximumoxidativemetabolicenergyproduction.）产生的最大的能量，从而保证大型动物能在激烈的丛林中生存。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Thedirectionwereso（）thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

问题1选项

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ingenious“有独创性的”；ambitious“有野心的”；notorious“臭名昭著的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：指示太模糊了，不可能完成这项任务。选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

WhydoestheFoundationconcentrateitssupportonbasicratherthanappliedresearch?Basicresearchistheveryheartofscience,anditscumulativeproductisthecapitalofscientificprogress,acapitalthatmustbeconstantlyincreasedasthedemandsuponitrise.Thegoalofbasicresearchisunderstandingforitsownsake.Understandingofthestructureoftheatomorthenervecell,thecausesofearthquakesanddroughts,orofmanasabehavingcreatureandofthesocialforcesthatarecreatedwhenevertwoormorehumanbeingscomeintocontactwithoneanother—thescopeisstaggering,butthecommitmenttotruthisthesame.Ifthecommitmentweretoaparticularresult,conflictingevidencemightbeoverlookedor,withthebestwillintheworld,simplynotappreciated.Moreover,thepracticalapplicationsofbasicresearchfrequentlycannotbeanticipated.WhenRoentgen,thephysicist,discoveredX-ray,hehadnoideaoftheirusefulnesstomedicine.

Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.Forpracticalreasons,thesumsspentonappliedresearchinanycountryalwaysfarexceedthoseforbasicresearch,andtheproportionsaremoreunequalinthelessdevelopedcountries.Leavingasidethefundsdevotedtoresearchbyindustry—whichisnaturallyfarmoreconcernedwithappliedaspectsbecausetheseincreaseprofitsquickly—thefundstheU.S.Governmentallotstobasicresearchcurrentlymounttoabout7percentofitsover-allresearchanddevelopmentfunds.Unlessadequatesafeguardsareprovided,appliedresearchinvariablytendstodriveoutbasic.Then,asDr.Watermanhaspointedout,“Developmentswillinevitablybeundertakenprematurely,careerincentiveswillgravitatestronglytowardappliedscience,andtheopportunitiesformakingmajorscientificdiscoverieswillbelost.Unfortunately,pressurestoemphasizenewdevelopments,withoutcorrespondingemphasisuponpurescience…tendtodegradethequalityofthenation’stechnologyinthelongrun,ratherthantoimproveit.”

1.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis________.

2.Industryisprimarilyinterestedinappliedresearchbecauseit________.

问题1选项

A.TheImportanceofBasicResearch

B.Roentgen’sIgnoranceofX-rays

C.TheAttractivenessofAppliedResearch

D.BasicResearchvs.AppliedResearch

问题2选项

A.providesbetterunderstanding

B.offersimmediateprofit

C.drivesoutbasicresearch

D.solvespracticalproblems

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。

1.首尾段核心句

首段第一句提出问题：WhydoestheFoundationconcentrateitssupportonbasicratherthanappliedresearch?（为什么基金会集中支持基础研究而不是应用研究？），具体介绍基础研究。尾段第一句Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.（应用研究是为了解决具体的实际问题而进行的，它具有吸引力，因为可以直接看到和享受成果。），具体讲述应用研究。这篇文章分别介绍了这两种研究并且进行对比，由此推断本文的主旨是“基础研究与应用研究”。因此D选项正确。

2.分析文章的行文结构

本文的行文逻辑是“A—B”，分别讲述基础研究和应用研究，因此D选项正确。

排除干扰项

A选项“基础研究的重要性”：基础研究仅仅是第一段的内容，不足以概括全文，属于以偏概全。

B选项“对X射线的不了解”：关键词X-rays对应第一段最后一句discoveredX-ray,hehadnoideaoftheirusefulnesstomedicine，这个例子用来支持上一句thepracticalapplicationsofbasicresearchfrequentlycannotbeanticipated（往往无法预料基础研究的实际应用），不足以概括全文，属于以偏概全。

C选项“应用研究的吸引力”：这里只总结了第二段，也属于以偏概全。

2.事实细节题。

精确定位

根据题干定位到第二段第三句Leavingasidethefundsdevotedtoresearchbyindustry—whichisnaturallyfarmoreconcernedwithappliedaspectsbecausetheseincreaseprofitsquickly（撇开用于工业研究的资金不谈——工业研究自然更关心应用方面，因为这些能迅速带来利益），可知工业界因为应用研究带来的好处而关注它，B选项“立刻带来利益”正确。

排除干扰项

A选项“帮助更好地理解”：根据第一段第三句Thegoalofbasicresearchisunderstandingforitsownsake.（基础研究的目标是为了理解而理解。），可知这指的是基础研究而不是应用研究，属于张冠李戴。

C选项“排斥基础研究”：根据第二段第五句Unlessadequatesafeguardsareprovided,appliedresearchinvariablytendstodriveoutbasic.（除非提供充分的保障措施，应用研究往往会排斥基础研究。），这里指出的是基础研究和应用研究的关系，没有解释题干的原因，属于偷换概念。

D选项“解决实际问题”：根据第二段第一句Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractiveness（应用研究是为了解决具体的实际问题而进行的，它具有直接的吸引力），这里讲的是应用研究的目的，也就是吸引研究人员的原因，并不等工业界喜欢应用研究的原因，属于偷换概念。

5.单选题

（）,althoughhehaddonenothingtobeproudof,Johnbegantoswellouthischestandshowoff.

问题1选项

A.Favored

B.Frustrated

C.Frauded

D.Flattered

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项Favored“支持；偏袒”；B选项Frustrated“挫败；阻挠”；C选项Frauded“作假”；D选项Flattered“奉承；恭维”。句意：当他被……的时候，尽管并没有做出什么值得骄傲的事情，约翰仍然开始挺胸炫耀。根据关键信息nothingtobeproudof“没什么值得骄傲的地方”，但他的反应却是showoff“炫耀的”，由此可知，约翰是被人奉承了。因此D选项符合题意。

6.单选题

AslongasHurstonremainssusceptibletowhatareessentiallypoliticaljudgments,herliteraryfortuneswillcontinuetofluctuatewiththetemperofthetimes.Criticismthatrestrictsitselftoideologymissesthebasicreasonthewriterisworthreadinginthefirstplace.HurstonbelongsamongtheAmericanclassicsnotbecauseofherpoliticsbutbecauseofherlanguage.Shewasatpainstodistinguishherselffromotherwriterswithclearlydefinedsocialandpoliticalagendas.Somewriters,Hurstoncharged,thinkthereisbraveryinwritingforthose“whowanttohearthesamethingoverandoveragaineventhoughtheyalreadyknowitbyheartItisthesamethingaswavingtheflaginapoorlyconstructedplay.”

Hurston’ssavingdistinctionwasherexquisitelysensitiveear.Shewassometimesoutoftune,aswhenshetriedtodevisemetaphorsthatwereself-consciouslyliterary(thereisabasininthemindwherewordsfloataround3’).Butwhenshedeployedcolloquialspeechandcelebrateditsabilitytomovebeyondmeredenotation,shewasaspectacularwriter,andthefarthestthingfromaflagwaver.When,forinstance,shedescribesaspeedingtrain,sheusesawordthatperfectlyconveysthesoundofthewheelsclickingoverthetrackjoints:it“schickalacked”overtherails.

Hurstonwasabrillianttranscriberofcolloquiallanguageandtelleroffolktales,butthesewereonlypartofherachievement.Whenwritinginherownvoice,sherenderstheworldinphrasesthatarepalpableandwonderfullyimmediate.Thisisawriterwhounderstoodthatspontaneousimage-makingisthemarkofalivinglanguage,thatasharedlanguageistheonlyconduitwehaveintotheinteriorlivesofotherpeople.

Hurston’srealsubject,andthisisthereasonherworkwillabide,wastheuniversaldisjunctionbetweenthelimitlesshumanimaginationandtheconstrictionswithinwhichallhumanbeingslive.ShehappenedtoknowbesthowtoexemplifythisthemebywritingaboutthelivesofBlackwomenintheAmericanSouth,whichinitselfiscauseforneitherpraisenorblame.Hurstonrejectedalltheconventionalcategories-race,class,gender-bywhichsomeofherlatestcriticsorganizeexperience.“Myinterestliesinwhatmakesamanorwomandosuch-and-so,regardlessof…color.”

1.Thepassageprimarilyconveystheauthor’s（

）.

2.Inline2,“temper”mostnearlymeans

（

）.

3.Hurstoncriticize“somewriters”(lines6-8)for

（

）.

4.Thesentencebeginning“shewassometimes...”(lines9-11)servesprimarilyto

（

）.

5.Intheunderlinedlines22-23(“she...blame”)，theauthormostdirectlyimpliesthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.enthusiasmaboutHurston’ssocialactivism

B.amusementatthosewhomisunderstandHurston’sviews

C.skepticismaboutHuston’spermanenceasaliteraryicon

D.appreciationforHurston’sliterarytalents

问题2选项

A.courage

B.composure

C.mood

D.resiliency

问题3选项

A.relyingontheappealofpopularthemes

B.abandoningtheirwritingwhentheyencounterdifficultiesingettingpublished

C.shirkingpatrioticdutiesduringtimesofpersonalhardship

D.beingunwillingtowritewhatthepublicmostwantstoread

问题4选项

A.noteanexceptiontotheclaimmadeintheprevioussentence

B.provideanexampleofHurston'seffectiveuseofpoeticlanguage

C.emphasizetheauthor’scentralargumentaboutHurston’sstyle

D.revealalittle-knownaccomplishmentofHurston’s

问题5选项

A.thecharactersinHurston'sfictionwereoftenmorecontroversialthattheirreal-lifecounterparts

B.toomuchshouldnotbemadeofHurston'schoiceofwhomtowriteabout

C.Hurstonfeltcompelledtoapologizeforwritingaboutwhatwasmostinterestingtoher

D.Hurston’speerscouldnotidentifywithhercharacters

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.考察作者意图。文章第一段第三句HurstonbelongsamongtheAmericanclassicsnotbecauseofherpoliticsbutbecauseofherlanguage提到Hurston成为美国经典不是因为她的政治地位而是她的文字，可以看出作者对Hurston的文学才能是表示赞赏的，选项D符合题意。

2.考察词义。文章第一段第一句AslongasHurstonremainssusceptibletowhatareessentiallypoliticaljudgments,herliteraryfortuneswillcontinuetofluctuatewiththetemperofthetimes.提到Hurston的文学命运随着时代的“脾气”不断的起伏。选项C中的mood与之相近，符合题意。

3.考察细节事实。文章第一段Somewriters,Hurstoncharged,thinkthereisbraveryinwritingforthose“whowanttohearthesamethingoverandoveragaineventhoughtheyalreadyknowitbyheartItisthesamethingaswavingtheflaginapoorlyconstructedplay.”提到Hurston认为有些作家写的内容都是陈词滥调，过分迎合大众的口味，没有新意。选项A符合题意。

4.考察判断推理。文章第二段第二句Shewassometimesoutoftune,aswhenshetriedtodevisemetaphorsthatwereself-consciouslyliterary(thereisabasininthemindwherewordsfloataround)提到了Hurston的写作风格，喜欢用暗喻的手法，选项C符合题意。

5.考察判断推理。文章最后一段第二句话ShehappenedtoknowbesthowtoexemplifythisthemebywritingaboutthelivesofBlackwomenintheAmericanSouth,whichinitselfiscauseforneitherpraisenorblame提到Hurston碰巧最懂得如何通过描写美国南部黑人妇女的生活来例证这一主题，而这本身既不值得赞扬，也不应该受到指责。由此可知作者认为没有必要将注意力过多放在Hurston写的人物身上。选项B符合题意。

7.翻译题

1.Eversinceitscreationover40yearsago，theInternethasremainedapredominantlyunre-strictedplace.Itisaplacewhereanyonecanpresentthemselvesinanyformtheychoose，butwhathappenswhenyourdigitalidentitybeginstomergewithyourreal-worldidentity?Arethosewhochoosetohidetheirrealnamesindangeroflosinganonymityonline?

2.Suchisthepowerofanonymityonthewebthatithasmadeitpossibleforpeople—someof

whommightnormallyberestrictedfromcommunicatingwiththeoutsideworld—tospeakoutwithoutfearingtherepercussionsoftheiractions.Actionscouldputthemindangerifcarriedoutusingtheirrealnames.Concealingone’strueidentityonlinehasmadeitpossibleforfreespeechtobreakthroughthephysicalbarriersenforcedbygovernmentsanddictatorshipsacrosstheworld.

3.Beinganonymousonthewebalsomakesitpossibleforpeopletodiscusssensitivesubjects，suchasmedicalconditions,physicalabuseandsexualorientation，withouttheseactionsaffectingtheireverydaylivesinanegativeorpotentiallyharmfulway.

Therearemanypositivewaystouseanonymityontheweb,buttherecansometimesbeveryde-structivesideeffectstoo，suchasbullying,racism,impersonationofanindividualorindividualswhobelievetheyareunidentifiable.84.Whenthiskindofdamagingactivityiscarriedoutonline，howcantheoffendereverbeheldaccountablefortheiractionswhentheyarealmostentirelyuntraceableinavirtualworld?

85.Alotofthetimetheysimplycannotbeidentifiedandthereforecannotbeheldaccountable，theoffendingindividualhidesbehindapseudonym，maskinghisorhertrueidentityandprotectingthemselvesfromtherepercussionsoftheiractions.Thisallsoundsverycomplicatedtoachieve，butinrealityit’sassimpleassettingupanemailaddress，creatinganonlineprofileunderafalsenameandcarryingoutmaliciousactsfromarandom,nondescriptlocation.

【答案】1.互联网从创立以来已有40多年的历史，但它现在仍然是一个相当不受约束的地方。

在互联网上，任何人都可以按他们意愿选择任何方式来展示自己。但是当你的电子身份和现实生活中的身份开始合二为一时，会发生什么事情呢？

2.网络匿名的好处是：它可以使那些可能通常被限制与外界沟通的人畅所欲言，并且不用担心他们的这些行为造成的影响。

3.在网络上匿名还可以让人们讨论一些敏感话题，比如医疗条件、身体虐待、性取向等话题。这些行为并不会对他们的日常生活产生消极的或潜在的不利影响。

4.当网络上出现这种破坏性行为时，违法者在现实世界中几乎完全无迹可寻，在这种情况下，他们该如何对自己的行为负责呢？

5.大多数时候，他们因为身份无法确定而不能被问责。这些违法的个体隐藏在假名后面，以遮掩他或她的真实身份，同时保护他们不受自身行为的影响。

8.单选题

InsuranceinrespectofthepropertywillbeaffectedbytheSocietyinaccordancewiththeRulesandthemortgageconditions.TheSocietyhasawideexperienceofinsurancecompaniesastheSocietymaydetermineandplacesinsurancewithmanycompanieswhoareabletoprovideacoverwhichthesocietyconsidersnecessary.YoumayliketheSocietytoinsurewithaparticularcompany,andifsopleasecontactimmediatelytheBranchOfficetowhichyousubmittedyourapplicationforloan,andsolongasthatcompanyanditstermsareacceptabletotheSocietythecoverwillbearrangedaccordingly.IfyoushouldsuggestacompanyanditisnotonewithwhichtheSocietydoesbusinessyouwillbeinformedandofferedachoiceofothercompanies.YourmayrequestchangeofinsurancesCompanyatanytimeduringthelifeofthemortgage.Ifyourmortgageisundertheendowmentschemeorsupportedbyaninsuranceguaranteeorifthedocumentsoftitlespecifythecompanytobeuseditmaynotbepossibletoacceptyourchoice.

Theinitialsuminsuredwillbethefigureshownundertheheading“AmountofPropertyInsurance”inDetailsofLoan.ThisfigureistheamountrecommendedbytheSociety’svalue,ashisestimatesofthereplacementcostofthebuildingatthedateofvaluation,unlesssomeotheramounthasbeenagreedinwritingbetweenyouandSociety.Nowarrantyisgivenorimpliedthattheamountofinsurancewillcovercompleteloss.

Youareremindedthatthemarketvalueofyourpropertybearsnorelationshiptothecost,atthetimeofreplacement.Theamountforwhichthepropertyisinsuredshouldthereforerepresentnotlessthanthecost,atthetimeofrepairorreplacement,orrebuildingallthepropertycoveredinthesamematerials,form,styleandconditionaswhenitisnew.Itshouldalsoincludeanyarchitects,surveyorsandlegalfeeswhichmaybepayableandanycostswhichmaybeinsuredincomplyingwiththerequirementsoftheLocalAuthorityandinremovingdebris(残骸),etc.Theterm“property”includesdomesticoutbuilding,garages,walls,landlords’fixturesandfittingsetc.,butexcludesthevalueoftheland.

Themarketvalueofahouseisthereforelikelytobelessthanthecostofrebuilding,especiallyifthepropertyiselderly.Evenifthepropertyisrecentlybuilt,theworkinvolvedinreinstatementwillbemoreexpensivethanthebuildingcostwhichcanbeachievedbyabuilderbuildingonanestatebasis.

1.Thepassageappearstobefrom（）.

2.Thetoneofthispassagecouldbestbedescribedas（）.

3.Accordingtothepassageifthecustomersuggestsaninsurancecompany（）.

4.Thepassagestatesthatwhenyouinsureyourproperty（）.

5.Thepassageimpliesthatrebuildingapropertycostsmorethanitsmarketvalue（）.

问题1选项

A.anadvertisement

B.aninformationbooklet

C.anewspaperarticle

D.aformalspeech

问题2选项

A.academic

B.light-hearted

C.formal

D.subjective

问题3选项

A.itisimpossibletochangethatcompanylateron

B.theSocietywillprovidealistofalternativecompanies

C.theSocietywillnotacceptresponsibilityforthepolicy

D.theSocietymaynotbeabletoagreetothecompany

问题4选项

A.youshouldnottakethelandvalueintoaccount.

B.youshouldusethemarketvalueasaguide

C.youshouldtaketheadviceofourLocalAuthority

D.garagesandgardenshedsarenotusuallyincluded

问题5选项

A.onlyifthepropertyisold

B.particularlyifthepropertyisnew

C.whatevertheageoftheproperty

D.becauseofrisingbuildingcost

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。本文讲述的是有关财产保险的情况。文章就如何办理保险、怎样确定保险公司、涉及房产保险时如何估价等一系列问题提供了大量有用的信息，因此可以判断，文章内容应该是节选于有关保险的信息手册，因此B选项“一个信息小册子”正确。A选项“广告”；C选项“报纸上的文章”以及D选项“正式的演说”都不正确。

2.判断推理题。因为本文是一篇科普类型的文章，为读者提供了大量相关的信息，例如第一段有提到TheSocietyhasawideexperienceofinsurancecompaniesastheSocietymaydetermineandplacesinsurancewithmanycompanieswhoareabletoprovideacoverwhichthesocietyconsidersnecessary.（本协会在保险公司方面有着广泛的经验，因为本协会可以确定并向许多能够提供必要保险的公司提供保险。）可以看出这篇文章应该是用非常正式的语气在为读者解惑的，因此C选项正确。A选项“学术的”，不妥；B选项“轻松的，无忧无虑的”，也不是原文的语气；D选项“主观的”，这是一篇科普文，因此不会是主观态度的。

3.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段的第四句IfyoushouldsuggestacompanyanditisnotonewithwhichtheSocietydoesbusinessyouwillbeinformedandofferedachoiceofothercompanies.（如果你建议一家公司，而该公司不是与协会有业务往来的公司，你会得到通知，并可以选择其他公司。）因为有协调的可能性，因此说明确实会存在保险协会不同意客户选择保险公司的情况，D选项“该协会可能无法同意该公司的意见”正确。A选项“之后更换公司是不可能的”，在第一段youwillbeinformedandofferedachoiceofothercompanies（你会得到通知，并可以选择其他公司），说明是可以换公司的；B选项“协会将提供一份可供选择的公司名单”不全面；C选项“协会将不承担该政策的责任”，保险协会要根据客户选定的保险公司与自己是否有业务合作来判断是否同意这家公司为客户进行投保，因此C不正确。

4.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第三段的最后一句butexcludesthevalueoftheland（但不包括土地价值），因此A选项“你不应该把土地价值考虑在内”正确。B选项“你应该以市场价值为指导”，在第三段的第一句Youareremindedthatthemarketvalueofyourpropertybearsnorelationshiptothecost,atthetimeofreplacement.（请注意，你的物业的市场价值与重置时的成本无关。）因此B错误；C选项“你应该采纳我们当地当局的建议”在倒数第二段complyingwiththerequirementsoftheLocalAuthority（可能是被保险人遵守当地政府的要求），并没有说从LocalAuthority（当地当局）那里得到建议，因此C选项错误；D选项“车库和花园棚屋通常不包括在内”，定位到倒数第二段Theterm“property”includes...garages,wall,landlords’fixturesandfittingsetc.,butexcludesthevalueoftheland（“财产”一词包括住宅附属建筑、车库、墙壁、业主的固定装置及设备等，但不包括土地价值），可见D选项表达与原文矛盾。

5.事实细节题。根据题干定位到最后一段Themarketvalueofahouseisthereforelikelytobelessthanthecostofrebuilding...abuilderbuildingonanestatebasis.（因此，房屋的市场价值很可能低于重建成本，特别是如果房屋是老房子的话。即使房产是最近建造的，修复工作的费用也会比建筑商按地产建造的建筑成本更昂贵）说明无论房屋的使用年限长短，其重建价值都会高于市场价值，因此C选项“无论财产的年龄”正确。同时A选项“除非房子是旧的”和B选项“特别是当房产是新的时候”错误；D选项“因为不断上涨的建筑成本”与题干没有关系。

9.单选题

Whenfacedwithdoubtsfromsomeadvisersontheattemptedinvasion,thepresidentignoredthem.

问题1选项

A.failedtonotice

B.putupwith

C.stoodupfor

D.refusedtoconsider

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。根据句意：当面对一些顾问对入侵企图的质疑时，总统……了他们。ignore意为“忽略，忽视”。A选项failtonotice“没有注意到”；B选项putupwith“容忍，忍受”；C选项standupfor“支持，拥护”；D选项refusetoconsider“拒绝考虑”。选项A与之意思最为接近，代入符合语境。

10.单选题

Marcyis______bystandardizedtests,butsheislearningtodealwithherfears.

问题1选项

A.pondered

B.impoverished

C.disillusioned

D.intimidated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项ponder“仔细考虑，衡量”，B项impoverish“使贫穷，使枯竭”，C项disillusion“使醒悟，使不再抱幻想”，D项intimidate“恐吓，威胁”。根据后面的fears（恐惧）可知，D项正确。句意：玛西被标准化考试吓倒了，但她正在学习处理她的恐惧。因此，该题选择D项。

11.单选题

[A]Althoughpearlsmaybeformedbyanyshelledmollusk,themostvaluablepearlsareobtainedfrom[B]theoysters.Exceptfor[C]imitationpearls,whichareentirelyman-made,allpearlsareformedasecretionaroundanirritatingbodythatentersthesofttissueofamollusk.[D]Iftheirritatingbodyentersthemolluskbyaccident,anaturalpearlforms.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.theoysters

C.imitationpearls

D.Iftheirritatingbody

【答案】B

【解析】考查冠词用法。B选项处oysters是复数形式，表示泛指，前面不应加定冠词the。

12.单选题

Mostofthepeoplewhoappearmostoftenandmostgloriouslyinthehistorybooksaregreatconquerorsandgeneralsandsoldiers,whereasthepeoplewhoreallyhelpedcivilizationforwardareoftennevermentionedatall.Wedonotknowwhofirstsetabrokenleg,ormaturedafield;butweknowallaboutthekillersanddestroyers.Ithinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.

Itisjustpossibletheyare,buttheyarenotthemostcivilized.Tobegoodatfightingistobegoodinthewaywhichananimalorasavageisgood,butitisnottobecivilized.Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficientlyisnotbeingcivilized.Peoplefighttosettlequarrels.Fightingmeanskilling,andcivilizedpeoplesoughttobeabletofindsomewayofsettlingtheirdisputesotherthanbeseeingwhichsidecankilloffthegreaternumberoftheotherside,andthensayingthatthesidewhichhaskilledthemosthaswon.Andnotonlyhaswon,but,becauseithaswon,hasbeenintheright.Forthatiswhatgoingtowarmeans;itmeanssayingthatmightisright.

Thatiswhatthestoryofmankindhasonthewholebeenlike.Evenourownagehasfoughtthetwogreatestwarsinhistory,