考研考博-英语-上海工艺美术职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海工艺美术职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

（

）trouble,I’mgoingtoforgetthewholeaffair.

问题1选项

A.Thanrathercause

B.Rathercausing

C.Ratherthancause

D.Ratherthancaused

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。Ratherthandosth.是固定搭配，意为“与其做某事”。句意：与其惹麻烦，我打算忘记整件事情。选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

Canyoufind（）atthehotelforthenight?

问题1选项

A.lodgings

B.accommodations

C.places

D.houses

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。lodging“寄宿”；accommodation“住处，膳宿”；place“地方”；house“住宅，家庭”。句意：你今晚能在酒店找到地方住吗？B项符合题意。

3.单选题

Thepresident'senemiesarespreadingillrumorsto（

）hisauthority.

问题1选项

A.assert

B.forge

C.undermine

D.remain

【答案】C

【解析】assert维护，主张，声称；forge伪造，锻造；undermine破坏，削弱；remain保持，留下。句意：总统的敌人正在散布谣言去破坏他的权威。选项C符合句意。

4.单选题

Anyonenotpayingtheregistrationfeebytheendofthismonthwillbe（

）tohavewithdrawnfromtheprogram.

问题1选项

A.contemplated

B.deemed

C.acknowledged

D.anticipated

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析题。contemplate“沉思，注视”；deem“认为，视作”；acknowledge“承认”；anticipate“预期，期望”；句意：到本月底还没有交纳注册费的人将被视为已取消该课程。B项符合句意，答案B

5.单选题

Livinginclose______toone’sneighborscanbecozyandcomforting,butlivingontopofoneanothercanbesuffocating.

问题1选项

A.homogeneity

B.proximity

C.lingering

D.access

【答案】B

【解析】考查词义辨析。A项homogeneity“同质，同种”，B项proximity“接近”，C项lingering“拖延的，迟迟不结束的”，D项access“通道，进入，机会”。根据but可知，前后句子为转折，由后面的butlivingontopofoneanothercanbesuffocating（但是住在一个邻居的上面可能会令人窒息）对比可知，前面空格处应该表示“住在邻居隔壁”，B项符合。句意：住得离邻居很近是很舒适的，但是住在一个邻居的上面可能会令人窒息。因此，该题选择B项。

6.单选题

ThisobservationflummoxedTerkel,aself-styledJewishfree-thinkerwhosaysheknowsnothingaboutGodbuteverythingabouthumannature.

问题1选项

A.inspired

B.surprised

C.bewildered

D.provoked

【答案】C

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项inspired“品质优秀的，能力卓越的，借助于灵感创作的”；B选项surprised“感到惊讶的，出人意料的”；C选项bewildered“困惑的”；D选项provoked“被激怒的，受到挑衅的”。句意：这一发现让特克尔感到困惑，他自称是犹太自由思想家，声称自己对上帝一无所知，只知道有关人类本性的一切。Flummoxed“困惑的”，C选项与该词词义最相近，因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Hedecidedhewasgoingtotake（

）forthemurderofhissister

问题1选项

A.refuge

B.testify

C.certify

D.allege

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。refuge“避难；避难所”；testify“作证，证明”，动词；certify“证明；保证”；allege“宣称；断言”。句意：他决定因为谋杀自己妹妹而寻求庇护。选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

Thepolicehavebeeninterviewingpeopleintheareainthehopethatitwill（）furtherinformationaboutthecrime.

问题1选项

A.unload

B.reveal

C.endow

D.yield

【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析题。unload

卸下,

摆脱负担；reveal揭露；endow赋予；yield屈服。句意：警方一直在采访该地区的人,

希望能够揭露更多有关这个犯罪事件的信息。选项B符合句意。

9.单选题

Twoofthechildrenhavetosleepinonebed,buttheotherthreehave（）ones.

问题1选项

A.similar

B.singular

C.different

D.separate

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。句意：两个孩子必须睡在一张床上，而另外三个孩子睡在不同的床上。根据语境可知，这里指分开的独立的床，选项D符合语境。

10.填空题

WhileMexico’soveralleconomic________showedanincreaseinforeigntradeaftertheinstitutionofNAFTA,realwagescontinuedtofallthroughoutthecountryandpovertyratesremainedconstant.(indicate)

【答案】indicators

【解析】【考查点】名词。

【解题思路】showed是句子的谓语动词，Mexico’soveralleconomic________是句子的主语，economic为形容词，所以横线所在内容应为名词；economicindicators的意思为“经济指标”，符合语境。

【句意】虽然墨西哥的总体经济指标显示，在北美自由贸易协定建立后，对外贸易有所增长，但全国各地的实际工资继续下降，贫困率保持不变。

11.翻译题

PleasetranslatethefollowingtenEnglishsentencesintoChinese.

Withahistoryofmorethan5,000years,Chinaisoneoftheoldestancientcivilizationsoftheworld.

Chinawasdividedforshortperiodsofitshistory,withdifferentregionsbeingruledbydifferentgroups.

FromXiaDynastyinthe21stcenturyBCtoQingDynasty,Chinaexperienceddozensofdynastiesinhistory.

Eachdynastyachieveduniqueaccomplishmentsinthefieldsofpolities,economy,culture,scienceandtechnology,etc.

HanDynastywasthemostadvancedempireatthattime,whichcontributestotheformationofthename“theHanNationality”.

TangDynastyimpressedChineseforitslongtimeunificationandpowerfulnationalstrength,becauseofwhichoverseasChinesecallthemselves“Tangpeople”abroad.

SongDynastyandMingDynastywereperiodswheneconomy,culture,educationandsciencewerehighlyprosperous.

Butthechangefromonedynastytoanotherusuallyledtolong-lastingwars,whichbroughtunspeakablesufferingforthemasses.

On1October1949,MaoZedongproclaimedthePeople’sRepublicofChina.

MaoistthoughtwaswidelyappliedastheguidingpoliticalandmilitaryideologyoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

【答案】中国有5000多年的历史，是世界最古老的文明之一。

历史上，中国在短期内被划分为多个部分，并且不同的区域由不同的群体管辖。

从公元前21世纪的夏朝开始至清朝结束，中国历史上经历过几十个朝代的变更。

每个朝代在政治、经济、文化和科学技术等领域都有独特的成就。

汉朝是当时世界上最先进的帝国,“汉族”这一名称就得名于汉朝。

唐朝因统一时间长、国力强盛而被国人铭记，因此在海外的中国人自称为“唐人”。

宋朝和明朝是经济、文化、教育与科学高度繁荣的时代。

但朝代的更替一般会导致连年战争，给人民大众带来了难以言表的痛苦。

1949年10月1曰，毛泽东宣布中华人民共和国的成立。

毛泽东思想作为中国共产党的政治和军事指导思想被广泛应用。

12.填空题

13.Wearehavingsome（1）withthemachinethatweimported（2）Japanlastyear.Ithas（3）downtwicealready.Eachtimewehave（4）toaskatechniciantocometoBeijingto（5）it.Thegoodnewsisthatourtechnicianshave（6）completedtheirtraininginTokyo.Thenexttimewehavea（7）,wewon’tneedtosendforaJapanesespecialist.

句意:

我们去年从日本进口的这台机器正有些故障。它已经发生过两次故障了。每次故障发生时，我们都不得不让日方派技术员来北京修理它。好消息是我们自己的技术员己经结束了他们在东京的培训。下次该机器再有故障时，我们就不需要邀请日本专家了。

【答案】1.trouble

2.from

3.broken

4.had

5.repair

6.already

7.breakdown

【解析】1.固定搭配。Havetroublewith…有故障。

2.固定搭配。importedfrom从…进口。

3.固定搭配。breakdown损坏，分解，发生故障，分词为brokendown。

4.固定搭配。Haveto不得不。have后加动词过去分词表完成时态，故这里应填had。

5.语义题。修理用repair。

6.语义题。Havealready已经。

7.语义题。haveabreakdown损坏,出故障。

13.单选题

Toachievesustainabledevelopment,the（

）ofresourcesisassumingnewimportance.

问题1选项

A.conservation

B.reservation

C.exhaustion

D.devastation

【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。A选项conservation“保存，保护”；B选项reservation“预定，保留”；C选项exhaustion“耗尽，枯竭”：D选项devastation“毁坏”；空格前一句是目的状语“实现可持续发展”，所以空格所在句应是‘资源保护有新的意义。’A选项正确。

14.单选题

Surelyitshouldbeobviousthedimmestexecutive[A]thattrust,thatmostvaluableofeconomicassets,[B]iseasilydestroyedandhugelyexpensivetorestore—andthat[C]fewthingsaremorelikelytodestroytrustthanacompanylettingsensitivepersonaldata[D]gettingintothewronghands.

问题1选项

A.thattrust

B.iseasilydestroyed

C.fewthings

D.gettingintothewronghands

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定用法。Let后面接动词原形。因此D选项应改为getintothewronghands。

15.单选题

Foreigncurrencycanbeconvertedatthisbank.

问题1选项

A.altered

B.changed

C.bought

D.sold

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项altered“改变，改动（往往用于法律条文、合同等的修改）”；B选项changed“改变（有变更，变换的意思）”；C选项bought“买”；D选项sold“卖”。句意：这家银行可以兑换外币。而兑换外币一般会用change，B选项符合题意。

16.填空题

Directions:Inthispartyouwillreadapassageandasummaryofit.Thenfillinthespacesinthesummarywithamaximumofthreewordsfromthepassage.WriteyouranswersOntheAnswerSheet.

ToughSensorCanTaketheHeatAnewgassensormadefromanickel’sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater,accordingtoitsinventorsatArgonneNationalLaboratoryinIllinois.Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.

Conventionalsiliconsensorsdonotworkwellattemperaturesabove150°F.ButArgonne’snewsensor,madeofceramicsandmetals,isnotaffectedbyhightemperatures.“Thematerialsinthissensorbehavewellthroughawiderangeoftemperatures.”saysMichaelVogt,acontrolsystemsengineeratArgonne.

Vogtandhiscolleaguesmadethesensorbyfilm-screeninglayersofceramicandmetalonaceramicsubstrate—thenfiringthesensorinanindustrialovenatmorethanl000°C.TheArgonneresearcherssetouttobuildasensorthatwoulddetectoverheatingcomputercomponents.Beforeanoverheatingcomponentfails,andpossiblyignites,epoxyinthecircuitboardsreleasesagas.TheArgonnesensorcandetectthisvaporandcutoffpowertothecircuit.

Thedevicesensesgasesbyapplyingasteadilyincreasingvoltageacrossitselectricalleadsandmonitoringcurrentspikesinducedasgasesreactonthesensor’ssurface.Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage,andthesizeofthecurrentspikeindicatesthe“signature”ofseveralrepresentativeorganicsolvents.

Thesensorcouldbeusedtomonitorhydrocarbonemissionsfromcars;today’stypicalsensorsonlymeasureoxygen.Thesensorcouldalsomonitorgasesinindustrialchemicalprocesses.

Summaryofthepassage:

Anewsensormadeofceramicsandmetalscanendurecorrosion,vibrations,exposuretowater,and66__,whilenotaffectedby67__.Aseachgasreactsata68__,thedeviceappliesasteadilyincreasingvoltageandmonitorscurrentspikesinduced.69ofwhichindicatestheconcentrationofthegases.Conventionalsensorsontheotherhand,donotworkwellattemperaturesabove150°Fandcouldbeusedonlyto70__.

【答案】66.detectgases

67.hightemperatures

68.characteristicvoltage

69.the“signature”

70.measureoxygen

【解析】66.文章开篇描述了Anewgassensormadefromanickel’sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater...Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.（一种由镍含量的材料制成的新型气体传感器可以经受高温、腐蚀、振动和暴露在水里……这个微小的传感器能探测到各种气体），其他几个在摘要提到了，所以这里需要写的是侦察气体。因此填detectgases。

67.文章开篇描述了Anewgassensormadefromanickel'sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater...Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.（一种由镍含量的材料制成的新型气体传感器可以经受高温、腐蚀、振动和暴露在水里……这个微小的传感器能探测到各种气体），上一空已经提到了侦察气体，所以这一空应该填入抗高温，因为前面有否定词not，所以空格处填入hightemperatures。

68.根据第四段第二句话提到Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage（每种气体在一个特征电压下反应）可知，空格处应该填入characteristicvoltage。

69.根据第四段第二句话提到Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage,andthesizeofthecurrentspikeindicatesthe“signature”ofseveralrepresentativeorganicsolvents.（每种气体在一个特征电压下反应，而脉冲的大小表明了几种代表性有机溶剂的“特征”）可知，脉冲的不同特征暗示了不同气体，所以空格处应该填入the“signature”。

70.根据最后一段第一句today’stypicalsensorsonlymeasureoxygen（今天的典型传感器只测量氧气）可知，传统的传感器在150°F以上的温度下不能很好地工作，只能用于测量氧气；所以空格处应该填入measureoxygen。

17.单选题

Insomewaystheyareamarketer’sdream.Theyhavebillionsofdollarsinincome—andspendmostofit.Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall,theybuyregularly,ofteninresponsetopeerpressure.Theyareheavilyinfluencedbytelevisionadvertising.And,asaresultoftoday’ssmallerfamiliesandtheincreaseinthenumberoftwo-incomehouseholds,theyhavemoretosayaboutfamilypurchasedecisionsthaneverbefore.

“They”arechildren,ofcourse,agroupwhosespendinghabitsareattractingtheattentionofmoreandmoremarketers.OnerecentstudyestimatesthatthethirtymillionU.S.children4to12yearsoldreceiveabout$4.7billionannuallyfromallowances,gifts,andoddjobs.Ofthatamount,theyspendatotalof$4.2billioneachyearonavarietyofgoods.Butchildren’sfinancialmuscledoesnotendthere.Researchersestimatethatchildrendirectlyinfluencemorethan$40billioninadultpurchaseseachyear.Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenareextremelyawareofbrandsandhaveconsiderableinputintotheirparents’selectionsofapparels,cereals,snacks,cars,videocassetterecorders,televisions,andpersonalcomputers.Manychildrenareinvolvedinactualhouseholdpurchasing,especiallyfood;inarecentTeenageResearchstudy,halftheteengirlssurveyedreportedshoppingforgroceriesatleastonceaweek.Recognizingthisindirectpurchasingpowerthatchildrenhave,agrowingnumberofmarketersareapproachingtheyouthsdirectly.TheNationalDairyBoard,forexample,nowairsmilkcommercialswithyouthapparel,andProcter&Gamblehasdevelopedacrestforkids’toothpaste.

Howdidchildrenacquiresuchbuyingpower?Researcherspointtoseveralfactors.Asthenumberofworkingcouplesandsingle-parenthouseholdsincreased,manyparentsshiftedcertainhouseholdresponsibilitiesontochildren’sshoulders.Thrustintoadultroles,childrenhaveendedupwithmoreinfluenceoverthefamily’spurchases,andtheyalsotendtospendincreasedamountsofmoneythemselves.Inaddition,manyolder,professionalcoupleshavefewerchildren.Theseparentscanaffordtolavishmoreontheirchildren,includingextraspendingmoneyforsuchitemsasFisher-PriceToys’$255children’scamcorderandtheMyFirstSonylineofelectronicsgearforchildren.Thebandwagoneffectisyetanotherfactor:whenonemarketerbeginstofocusonchildren,competitorsfollowsuit,encouragingevenmorechildren’spurchases.McDonald’sCorp.,forexample,hasaimedadvertisementsforitshamburgers,mealkits,andpartiesatchildrenforyears;nowHardee’sFoodSystemsInc.andWendy’sInternationalInc.aredoingthesame.

Intelligentmarketersrealizethatchildrenactuallyrepresentthreemarkets:currentconsumers,influentialconsumers,andfuturebuyers.Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawarenessandproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,evencompaniesnotsellingyouthproductspersearebeginningtopayattentiontochildren.Marketersareovercomingtheirtraditionalreluctancetoselldirectlytochildren,realizingthat,outtheresomewhere,tomorrow’sbig-ticketcustomerisplayingvideogamestoday.

1.Thestatementthatchildren“havebillionsofdollarsinincome—andspendmostofit”impliesthatchildren（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingchildren’sbuyingbehaviors?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmarketersbelievechildrenwhodevelop“brandawareness”whentheyareyoungwill（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingsumsupthemamideaofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.havenosenseofvalueregardingmoney

B.shouldnotwastemuchoftheirmoney

C.havethepotentialtobuymorethaneverbefore

D.shouldnotbegivensomuchmoneybytheirparents

问题2选项

A.Theyarenotinfluencedbyadvertising.

B.Theyarecarefulaboutspendingonfastfood.

C.Theyarenotinfluencedbymilkcommercials.

D.Theyareverymuchinfluencedbytheirfriends.

问题3选项

A.staypracticalwhenitcomestobuyingproducts

B.betiredofthebrandswhentheybecomeadults

C.getusedtobuyingthosebrandsintoadulthood

D.becomeinterestedinpurchasingotherproducts

问题4选项

A.Childrenhavegreatpowerasbuyersandconsumers.

B.Childrenshouldermorehouseholdresponsibilities.

C.Childrenhavemoretosayaboutfamilydecisions.

D.Childrenareimportantmembersofsociety

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据下文“Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall,theybuyregularly...”尽管他们个人购买的东西很少,但他们会定期购买,以应对来自同龄人的压力。在第二段也提及,孩子们购买东西所占比例越来越大,不仅如此,他们还会影响大人们消费,由此可知,孩子们的购物潜力比以往要大得多。所以选项C正确。

2.根据第一段第三句“...theybuyregularly,ofteninresponsetopeerpressure.”他们会定期购买,以应对来自同龄人的压力。由此可推断,孩子们买东西很容易受到同龄人的影响,所以选项D符合原文。

3.根据最后一段第二句“Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawarenessandproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,...”因为孩子们正在稳步发展自己的品牌意识和产品偏好,这些有朝一日会转化为购买决定。也就是说,孩子们成年后会习惯购买年轻时认定的品牌。选项C符合原文。

4.结合全文内容可知,本文主要是讲孩子们的消费能力在未来不可小觑,所以选项A最能概括全文。

18.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

【答案】Whatisthesignificanceoflife?Isthereanycriterionforitsmeasurement?Difficultasitistoadvanceanabsoluteone,itwillnotbesotojudgetheverymeaningofone’sexistencegenerallyfromwhetherheisseriousaboutlifeandwhathisattitudeistowardsworkandlife.

Throughouttheages,allpeopleofaccomplishmenttaketheirlivesseriously.Aslongastheyarealive,theywouldratherdevotethemselvestomoreworkandstudythanletasingleminuteslipbyinvain.Andthesameistrueofthecommonlabourersaswellasthegreatstatesmenandthinkersinourcountry.

19.单选题

Theterm“remotesensing”referstothetechniquesofmeasurementandinterpretation

ofphenomenafromadistance.Priortothemid-1960’stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth’sgeologicfeatures.Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.Digitalmultispectralimaginghasnowbecomethebasictoolingeologicremotesensingfromsatellites.

Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessing.Withdigitalprocessing,itispossibletocombinealargenumberofspectralimages.Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner(MSS)aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.LandsatMSSdataarenowbeingappliedtoavarietyofgeologicproblemsthataredifficulttosolvebyconventionalmethodsalone.Theseincludespecificproblemsinmineralandenergyresourceexplorationandthechartingofglaciersandshallowseas.

Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.Suchreconstructionshaveimportantpracticalapplicationsbecausetheconditionsunderwhichrockunitsandotherstructuralfeaturesareformedinfluencetheoccurrenceoforeandpetroleumdepositsandaffectthethicknessandintegrityofthegeologicmediainwhichthedepositsarefound.

Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources.Withremote-sensingtechniquesitispossibletoobtainmuchgeologicinformationmoreefficientlythanitcanbeobtainedontheground.Thesetechniquesalsofacilitateoverallinterpretation.Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.However,somecriticalinformationcannotbeobtainedthroughremotesensing,andseveralcharacteristicsoftheLandsatMSSimposelimitationsontheacquisitionofdiagnosticdata.Someoftheselimitationscanbeovercomebydesigningsatellitesystemsspecificallyforgeologicpurposes;buttobemosteffective,remote-sensingdatamuststillbecombinedwithdatafromfieldsurveysandlaboratorytests,thetechniquesoftheearliertwentiethcentury.

1.Byusingtheword“interpretative”inline32.Theauthorisindicatingwhichofthefollowing?

2.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutgeologicmappingwouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

3.Accordingtothepassage,measurementsofwhichofthefollowingcanbeprovidedbytheoptomechanicalscannerbutnotbyvisible-lightphotography?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajordisadvantageofphotographicimagingingeologicmappingisthatsuchphotography.

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatLandsatimagesdifferfromconventionalgeologicmapsinthatLandsatimages.

6.ThepassageprovidesinformationabouteachofthefollowingtopicsEXCEPT（

）.

7.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthe“conventionalmethods”mentionedinline24?

问题1选项

A.Somemapsarebasedmoreondatafromaerialphotographythanondatafromfieldoperations.

B.Somemapsarebasedalmostexclusivelyonlaboratorymeasurements

C.Somemapsarebasedonincompletedatafromfieldobservations.

D.Somemapsshowonlylargegeologicfeatures.

问题2选项

A.Geologicmappingisbasicallyanartandnotascience.

B.Geologicmappinghasnotchangedsignificantlysincetheearly1960’s

C.Geologicmappingwillhavelimitedpracticalapplicationsuntilremote-sensingsystemsareperfected.

D.Adevelopmentalmilestoneingeologicmappingwasreachedin1972.

问题3选项

A.Theamountofvisiblelightreflectedfromoceans.

B.ThedensityoffoliageinremoteareasontheEarth’ssurface.

C.DailytemperaturechangesofareasontheEarth’ssurface.

D.ThedegreeofradioactivityemittedbyexposedrocksontheEarth’ssurface.

问题4选项

A.cannotbeusedatnight.

B.cannotfocusonthedetailsofageologicarea.

C.mustbechemicallyprocessed.

D.isalwaysenhancedbydigitalreconstruction.

问题5选项

A.revealtheexactsizeofpetroleumdepositsandoredeposits.

B.indicatethecontinuityoffeaturesthatmightnototherwisebeinterpretedascontinuous.

C.predictthemovementsofglaciers.

D.providehighlyaccuratedataabouttheoccurrenceofmineraldeposits.

问题6选项

A.theprincipalmethodofgeologicremotesensingpriortothemid-1960*s

B.someofthephenomenameasuredbydigitalmultispectralimagesinremotesensing.

C.someofthepracticalusesofregionalgeologicmaps.

D.thespecificlimitationsoftheLandsatmultispectralscanner.

问题7选项

A.Theyconsistprimarilyoffieldsurveysandlaboratorymeasurements.

B.Theyarenotusefulinprovidinginformationnecessaryforreconstructinggeologicevolution.

C.Theyhaverarelybeenusedbygeologistssince1972.

D.Theyareusedprimarilytogathercompositionalinformationaboutgeologicfeatures.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources—地质图采集了数量繁多、形形色的一整套具体的实地测量和实验室测量数据，但是因为实地测量受到岩石裸露、可到达程度以及人力资源的限制，所以这一地质图必须进行分析。确定C选项‘一些地图的数据是来源于实地观察的不完整地数据’正确。

2.根据文章第二段：Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner（MSS）aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.1972年，安装在Landsat卫星上的多谱线扫描仪传送出来的首批多谱线的数字数据，吸引了整个地学界的注意。确定D选项‘1972年成为地质制图发展的里程碑’正确。

3.根据文章第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.随着光机械扫描仪的发展，科学家开始利用那些超出可见光摄影术感知范围的数据构造数字化多谱线图像。这些图像的建造是通过用机械手段对一些现象的图像进行整理，如可见光谱外光波的反射，无线电波的折射以及地球表面一些地区日常温度的变化。确定C选项‘地球表面许多地区温度的日间变化’正确。

4.根据文章第二段：Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessing.相对于其它的摄影成像，数字成像的优点是明显的，产生的数字化数据可以被精确地理解，并且不会受到难以控制的化学过程的不规则性的影响。确定C选项‘必须经过化学过程’正确。

5.根据文章第四段：Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.由于详尽知地质绘图一般在小的范围内进行，所以那些具有断断续续和多变量的区域特征的连续性就经常不能被认可，但是Landsat卫星的全方位的观察角度，能将这一连续性呈现出来。确定B选项‘指明特征的连续性并不能解释为连续性‘正确。

6.根据文章第一段：Priortothemid-1960stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth'sgeologicfeatures.在20世纪中叶之前，对胶片的解释是对地球地质特征进行遥感的主要方法。所以A选项‘地质遥感的主要方法在20世纪60年代之前就出现’符合原文。根据文章第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.随着光机械扫描仪的发展，科学家#始构造数字化多谱线图像，利用那些超出可见光影敏感范围的数据。所以B选项‘出现了在遥感中利用数字化多谱线图像进行测量的现象’符合原文。根据文章第三段：Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.：区域地图向重构地质进化过程，提供了成分、结构及时间顺序等信息。所以C选项‘一些地区地质图有实用性’符合原文。用排除法确定D选项‘Landsat卫星扫描仪有特殊限制‘文中未提及，符合题意。

7.根据文章第三段：Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.遥感更基本的应用是增强传统的大范围的地质绘图的方法。Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.区域地图向重构地质进化过程，提供了成分、结构及时间顺序等信息。再根据文章第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements...地质图采集了数量繁多、形形色的一整套具体的实地测量和实验室测量数据。确定A选项‘它们主要包括实地考察生实验室测量’正确。

20.单选题

Someareasofthemoonaresofullofcraters（）anextremelyroughsurface.

问题1选项

A.thattheypresent

B.presenting

C.whichpresent

D.topresent

【答案】C

【解析】考查从句。空格后anextremelyroughsurface（极其粗糙的表面）是修饰空格前名词craters（火山口），句意：月球的某些区域充满了环形山，呈现出极其粗糙的表面。因此C选项正确，构成定语从句，从句的引导词which在定语从句中做主语；A选项代入后成为同位语从句，同位语从句是解释说明之前的词，在这里不符合句意；现在分词作后置定语表示被修饰名词正在进行的动作，表示被修饰名词的特征，B选项排除；动词不定式修饰物表示某物要做某事，D选项排除；因此C选项正确。

21.单选题

Heisverytired.Heneeds（

）.

问题1选项

A.agoodnightrest

B.goodrestofanight

C.agoodrestnight

D.agoodnight’srest

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词所有格。表示有生命的东西的名词及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加“’s”来表示所有关系，此处表示他需要一个晚上的休息，night为名词，后面加“’s”表示与rest的所有关系，因此选D。句意：他非常累，他需要一个晚上的休息。

22.填空题

Inmyoffice（1）deskisbythewindowandthereis（2）largebookshelfalongthewall.Twoyearsagoanair（3）wasinstalledintheoffice,sonowIcanworktherecomfortablyevenonsummerafternoons.Ihaveadesktop（4）intheoffice,butlatelyithasn’tbeenveryreliable;asa（5）,Iusuallybringmylaptopwithme.

大意:在我办公室，靠窗边有把椅子，沿墙靠着一个大书架。两年前，办公室装了一台空调，所以，现在即使是夏天的午后，我也可以舒服地工作。办公室有台台式电脑，但是，后来它并不可靠。结果，我经常带手提电脑来办公室。

【答案】1.the

2.a

3.conditioner

4.computer

5.result

【解析】1.语法题——定冠词。这里的desk特指办公室靠窗的椅子,因此填定冠词the。

2.语法题——不定冠词。此处为thereis,而且空格处修饰名词的单数bookshelf，因此空格处填不定冠词a。

3.词汇题。根据后面的sonowIcanworktherecomfortablyevenonsummerafternoons以及空前的air推测此处填conditioner。Airconditioner空调。

4.语义题。后文中出现了laptop(手提电脑),据此推测空格处填computer。Desktopcomputer桌面电脑。

5.固定搭配。Asaresult因此/结果。

23.单选题

Corporationsandlaborunionshave（

）greatbenefitsupontheiremployeesandmembersaswellasuponthegeneralpublic.

问题1选项

A.conferred

B.granted

C.flung

D.submitted

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。句意:公司和工会已经给它们的员工、会员以及大众了许多的福利。

confer:授予（称号、学位、权力等），赋予;grant:同意，承认，准予;flungifling的过去分词，挥动，猛冲;submit提交，服从，呈递。

24.单选题

Thefactthatthegoldeneagleusuallybuildsitsnestonsomehighcliffs（

）italmostimpossibletoobtaintheeggsortheyoungbirds.

问题1选项

A.renders

B.reckons

C.regards

D.relates

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项render“致使”；B选项reckon“计算；认为，把