考研考博-英语-北京协和医学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京协和医学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Doyouwantflyfirstor（

）class?

问题1选项

A.economic

B.economical

C.economy

D.economics

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。economicalclass“经济舱”。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas（）inashortperiodoftime.

问题1选项

A.beingcreated

B.tohavebeencreated

C.havingbeencreated

D.tobecreated

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们的现代文明不应该被认为是在短时间内创造出来的。根据civilization被create确定用被动语态，根据create的动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，并且将持续下去确定用现在完成时，C选项havingbeencreated符合题意。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Googleisnottheonlysearchutilityintown,butitcomeswithsucha(n)（

）collectionoftoolstofocusyoursearchthatitistheengineofchoiceformanyofus.

问题1选项

A.comparable

B.formidable

C.innumerable

D.compatible

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词辨析。comparable“可比较的”；formidable“强大的”；innumerable“无数的”；compatible“兼容的”。句意：谷歌并非唯一的搜索工具，不过，它有强大的工具集合，使其能够强化搜索能力，因此谷歌是大多数人选择使用的搜索引擎。选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

The“EchoHouse”willdemonstratehowwecanlivewithhighlyefficientinsulation,solarheating,energyefficient______andorganicgardening.

问题1选项

A.applicators

B.applications

C.applicants

D.appliances

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项applicators“涂药器；敷帖器；上涂装置”；B选项applications“应用；申请；应用程序；敷用；（对事物、学习等）投入”；C选项applicants“申请人，申请者；请求者”；D选项appliances“器具；器械；装置；应用”。原句中有几个并列成分：highlyefficientinsulation，solarheating，energyefficient____，和organicgardening，根据上下文，这些都是与生存环境有关的词语，因此我们不难排除掉与此无关的选项A选项和C选项。另外，原句中的几个并列成分都是具体名词。因此可以推断B选项application“应用；申请；应用程序；敷用；（对事物、学习等）投入”与题意不符。句意：“回音屋”将向我们展示如何使用高效隔热、太阳能饮食、节能电器和有机园艺来生活。因此D选项正确。

5.单选题

Between1897and1919,atleast29motionpicturesinwhichartificialbeingswereportrayed______.

问题1选项

A.hasproduced

B.havebeenproduced

C.wouldhaveproduced

D.hadbeenproduced

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：1897年至1919年间，至少29部出现人造生命的电影被制作出来。根据主语motionpictures和谓语动词produce的关系确定用被动语态，根据事件发生在过去以及wereportrayed确定用过去完成时，D选项hadbeenproduced符合题意。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

TheFBIkeptthehouseunderconstant______inthehopeofcapturingallthecriminalsatonetime.

问题1选项

A.cessation

B.surveillance

C.guidance

D.supervision

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项cessation表示“停止，中止”，B项surveillance表示“监督，（对犯罪嫌疑人或可能发生犯罪的地方的）监视”，C项guidance表示“指导，引导”，D项supervision表示“监督，管理”，指活动或行动过程中的监督，尤指批判性地指导。根据关键词FBI（联邦调查局）和criminals（罪犯）可知，“监视”符合语境。句意：联邦调查局不断监视这所房子，希望能一次性抓获所有罪犯。因此，该题选择B项正确。

7.单选题

I’veheardthesaying,“Thebestgiftparentscanevergivetotheirchildrenistoloveeachother.”

I’vehadthepleasureofwitnessingthetruthofthisstatementforover40years.FromasfarbackasIcanremembermyMomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.Theyweremorethanjustapartnership.Itwasasiftheywereoneperson.

Sure,theyargued,buttherewasneveranydoubtinourmindsthatanydisagreementswouldbeworkedthroughandresolved.MomandDadbegantheirmarriedlifepoor,buttheyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaverysuccessfulbusiness.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youneversawtheweaknesses,justthestrengths.

Dadwastheoutgoing,morepublicpersonwithwhompeoplemetandfellinlovewithrightaway.EveryoneknewDad!Then,whentheygottomeetMom,theyfelttheexactsamewayaboutheraswell.Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.

Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.Haveyoueverheardhusbandsandwives,whenspeakingtoothers,makeunkindremarksabouttheirspouses?It’soneofthosethingspeoplejustseemtodo.Sure,they’re“onlykidding”ormaybetheyarenot.Butwordsmatter.Andwordsteach,whetherpositivelyornegatively.

Youwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheofhim.Thislessonmadesuchanimpressiononme.IstillrememberwhenIwasage12andweweregettingcarpetinstalledinourhome.Thecrewbosswasoneofthosestereotypicalbeerguzzling,hard-livingguys,whowouldhaveprobablybelongedtoRalphKramden’sRaccoonLodgefromtheoldHoneymooner’sTVshow.Forlunch,myfolksboughtpizzaforthecrew.Dadwenttotalkwiththebossaboutthejob.Iwasaroundthecomerlistening.

Thebosssaid,“Thisisanexpensivejob.Womenwillreallyspendyourmoney,won’tthey?”Dadresponded,“Well,I’lltellyou,whentheywererighttherewithyoubeforeyouhadanymoney,it’sapleasuretodoanythingforthemyoupossiblycan.”

Thiswasn’ttheanswerthecarpetinstallerexpectedtohear.Hewaslookingfornegativebanteraboutwiveswhich,tohim,wasnatural.Hetriedagain:“But,gee,they’llreallyplayoffthatandspendalltheycan,won’tthey?”Dadreplied,asIknewhewould,“Hey,whenthey’rethereasonyou’resuccessful,youwantthemtodothethingstheyenjoy.There’snogreaterpleasure.”

Thecrewbosstriedonemoretime.Andthey’lltakethatasfarastheycan,huh?Dadresponded.“She’sthebestthingthateverhappenedtome.I’ddoanythingtomakeherhappy.”

Iwastryingnottolaugh.IknewhewantedDadtogiveinjustalittlebitandsay,“Yeah，Iguessthat’strue.Butitwouldn’thappen...notinamillionyears!”

Finally,theinstallergaveupandwentbacktowork,probablyshakinghisheadinbewilderment.Witnessingmydadinthatmomenttaughtmemoreaboutlovingandrespectingyourwifethananythinghecouldeverhavetoldmeaboutthesubject.

MomandDadarenowretiredandenjoyingtheirlifetogether,justhangingout,reading,andvisitingtheirchildrenandgrandchildren.Theyrecentlycelebratedtheir43rdweddinganniversary.Theystillholdhands,andtheyaremoreinlovethanever.Throughouttheyears,wheneverMomwouldremindmethatIshouldbelookingtogetmarried,I’dsay,“Ma,Ihaveplentyoftime.”She’djokinglyreplythatIdon’thave“that”muchtime.MyDadwouldthenlookatmeinthatwisdom-filled,citystreetsbredwayofhisandsay,“Hey,youtakeallthetimeyouneed.Ifyoumarrysomeonejusthalfthewomanyourmotheris,you’llhaveagreatlife.”Ishouldonlybesolucky.

1.Whataretheauthor’smother’scharacteristics?

2.Howdidtheauthor’sparentsteachhimthemostimportantthingaboutmarriage?

3.Whydidtheauthor’sfamilybuypizzaforthecrew?

4.Whichofthefollowingisleastlikelytobeacceptedbythiscrewboss?

5.Whatkindofimpactdidtheconversationbetweenhisfatherandtheinstallerhaveontheauthor?

问题1选项

A.Sheismorepublicanddetermined.

B.Sheismorepatientandcomfortable.

C.Sheismoreagreeableandpaysmoreattentiontodetails.

D.Sheisinchargeofaccountingandrunningthebusiness.

问题2选项

A.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youonlysawthestrengths.

B.Theyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaveryprosperousbusiness.

C.MomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.

D.Theyalwaysspokeofeachotherinapositiveway.

问题3选项

A.Theywereputtingacarpetinplaceinourhome.

B.Myfatherhadsomethingtoaskfromthecrewhead.

C.ThecrewbosscamefromRalphKramden’sRaccoonLodge.

D.Thecrewbosswasastereotypicalbeerloving,hard-livingguy.

问题4选项

A.Womenwillsparenocostwhentheyjustwanttodoit.

B.Womengivefullplaytotherightsmengrantthem.

C.Womenarethepowerhousebehindmensuccessstory.

D.Womenaretheruinofmen.

问题5选项

A.Menshouldloveandrespecttheirwives.

B.It’simmoraltospeakillofsomeonewithouttheperson’spresence.

C.Achildshouldlearntoprotectpatents’goodimages.

D.Weshouldvaluethedayswespendtogetherwithourspouses.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由第四段“Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.妈妈，虽然一点也不害羞，但做一个幕后的人更舒服。她更注重细节，经营账本，据父亲说，她是真正让生意运转起来的人。”可知C项“她更和蔼可亲，注重细节”正确。

2.细节事实题。由第五段“Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.我父母教给我们孩子关于爱情和婚姻的最重要的一课就是如何谈论你的配偶。”以及第六段“Youwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheofhim.你永远不会从我父母那里听到这样的事情。爸爸总是用最赞美、最热烈的语言谈论妈妈。她对他也一样。”可知作者的父母总是对外人互相赞美对方。故D项正确。

3.细节事实题。由第六段“IstillrememberwhenIwasage12andweweregettingcarpetinstalledinourhome.我还记得我12岁的时候，我们家正在铺地毯。”可知A项正确。

4.推理判断题。由父亲与工人的谈话可知，工人认为女人只会花钱，对女人是持贬低的态度。A项“女人只要想做就会不惜任何代价”；B项“妇女充分发挥了男人赋予她们的权利”；C项“女人是男人成功故事背后的动力”；D项“女人是男人的祸根”。可知C项工人最不可能接受。

5.推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Witnessingmydadinthatmomenttaughtmemoreaboutlovingandrespectingyourwifethananythinghecouldeverhavetoldmeaboutthesubject.在那一刻，我的父亲教会了我爱和尊重你的妻子，这比他告诉我的任何事情都要多。”可知A项“男人应该爱和尊敬他们的妻子”正确。

8.单选题

TheObamaadministration______thehealthcarereforminMarch,2010.

问题1选项

A.initiated

B.anticipated

C.expected

D.predicated

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项initiate“开始，创始”，B项anticipate“预料，预期”，C项expect“期望，指望”，D项predicate“断言，暗示”。根据关键词thehealthcarereform“医疗改革”可知，空格处填A项符合句意。句意：奥巴马政府于2010年3月启动了医疗改革。因此，该题选择A项正确。

9.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说：“简而言之,我们所谓的科学革命,主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用,而这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展无所不及。”

自由和尊严是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的,是要求一个人对自己的行为负责,并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。

很显然,我们已然摒弃了“父母之命、媒妁之言”的婚姻方式及为使女孩们守身如玉而将她们深锁闺中的农业习俗。

现在我们被迫从那种以人们之间相互猜忌和敌视为标志的关系跃进到一个人们之间必须相互尊重和理解的世界。

同样地,语言之所以有价值是因为人们承认它是思维的符号,是人与人之间传输思想的媒介。

【答案】Aleaderfromthenewschoolinsistedonthat“theso-called'scientificrevolution'canbebrieflyexplainedastheimprovement,inventionandapplicationofseriesofequipment,whichinturnprovidesanomnipotentscientificdevelopment.”

Freedomanddignityarepossessedbyself-reliantpeopleintherangeoftraditionaltheory,andtheybothserveessentialprerequisitesforresponsibilitiestowhattheyhavebehavedandappraisaltowhattheyhaveperformed.

Obviously,wehaveabandonedthemarriagethatarrangedbyparentsandmatchmakersandalsothecorruptedcustominagriculturalperiodthatgirlsareconfinedintheirchambersforvirginity.

Nowweareforcedtoleapforwardtotheworldthatdemandsmutualrespectandunderstandingsfromrelationsthatfeaturedbymutualsuspicionandhostility.

Similarly,thereasonwhylanguagespossesswiththeirownvaluesisthat,aspeoplehaveacknowledged,theyaresymbolsofthoughtsandalsomediaforthoughtexchanges.

10.单选题

AsbefitsanationmadeupofimmigrantsfromallovertheChristianworld,AmericanshavenodistinctiveChristmassymbols;butwehavetakenthesymbolsofallthenationsandmadethemourown.TheChristmastree,thehollyandtheivy,themistletoe,theexchangeofgifts,themythofSantaClaus,andthecarolsofallnations,theplumpuddingandthewassailbowlareallelementsintheAmericanChristmasofthemid-twentiethcentury.ThoughwehavenoChristmassymbolsofourown,theAmericanChristmasstillhasadistinctiveaurabyvirtueoftwocharacteristicelements.

Thefirstoftheseisthat,asmightbeexpectedinanationasdedicatedtothecarryingonofbusinessastheAmericannation,thedominantroleoftheChristmasfestivitieshasbecometoserveasastimulustoretailbusiness.ThethemesofChristmasadvertisingbegintoappearasearlyasSeptember,andtheopenseasononChristmasshoppingbeginsinNovember.Fiftyyearsago,ThanksgivingDaywasregardedastheopeningdayoftheseasonforChristmasshopping;today,theseasonopensimmediatelyafterHalloween.Thus,virtuallyawholemonthhasbeenaddedtotheChristmasseason-forshoppingpurposes.

Second,theChristmasseasonoffestivitieshasinsensiblycombinedwiththeNewYear’scelebrationintoonelengthenedperiodofSaturnalia.Thisstartswiththe“officeparties”afewdaysbeforeChristmas,continuesonChristmasEve,nowtheoccasioninAmericaofoneoftwolarge-scalerevelsthatmarktheseason-savethattheChristmasEverevelsareoftenpunctuatedbyavisittooneofthelargerchurchesformidnightMass,whichhasincreasinglytendedtobecomeblendedintoapartoftheentertainmentaspectoftheseason-andcontinuesinspiritedeuphoriauntilNewYear’sEve,thesecondofthelarge-scalerevels.NewYear'sDayisspentresting,possiblyregrettingone’sexcesses,watchingafootball“bowl”game,andindulginginthelenitiveofone'schoice.January2marks,formost,thereturntotemperanceanddecorumandbusinessasusual.

1.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthemannerinwhichChristmasiscelebratedintheUnitedStatesisoneof（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingwouldbemostinaccordwiththemainideasofthepassage?

3.WhatwouldtheauthorofthepassagelikelysaybywayofanalysisoftheuseofChristmascardsbyAmericanstocelebrateChristmas?

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestbeinferredfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.greatdisapproval

B.humorousconfusion

C.laudatoryacclaim

D.objectiveanalysis

问题2选项

A.InPuritanMassachusettsBayColony,itwasacrime,punishablebythestocks,tofailtoobserveChristmas.

B.ChristmascustomsinEuropeandAmericathatareassociatedwiththeFeastoftheNativitywerenotoriginallyChristian.

C.RudolphtheRed-nosedReindeerhasbecomeatraditionalaspectofChristmas,yetwascreatedonlyafewyearsagobycommercialinterests.

D.Inwidelyseparatedareasoftheworld,religiousobservancestendtoclusteraroundstrikingnaturalphenomena.

问题3选项

A.ThesendingoflargenumbersofexpensivecardsislargelyanextensionofthebusinessaspectoftheAmericanChristmascelebration.

B.Thereachingouttomanyfriends,bothcloseandfar,throughthecards,isanextensionofthefestivespiritoftheAmericanChristmascelebration.

C.ThemultiplicityofcardsandformsisareflectionoftheveryheterogeneousviewsofAmericansonthecelebrationofChristmas.

D.TheextensionoftheChristmasseasonhaspermittedmorecardstobesentandhandledbytheoverworkedpostalsystem.

问题4选项

A.Thegreatwavesofimmigrantsfrommanycountriesinthelate1800’sandearly1900’shadasignificanteffectontheAmericancelebrationofChristmas.

B.OnlytheearliestsettlersbroughttraditionsonwhichtheAmericanChristmascelebra-tionisbased.

C.EveryyearseesthestartofanewChristmas“tradition.”

D.TheSaturnaliaofChristmasweekisa,releasefromthehardworkoftheChristmasshoppingseason.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。由第一段“AsbefitsanationmadeupofimmigrantsfromallovertheChristianworld,AmericanshavenodistinctiveChristmassymbols.以及ThoughwehavenoChristmassymbolsofourown,theAmericanChristmasstillhasadistinctiveaurabyvirtueoftwocharacteristicelements.作为一个由来自基督教世界各地的移民组成的国家，美国人没有独特的圣诞符号。以及虽然我们自己没有圣诞节的象征，美国圣诞节仍然有独特的气场的两个特征元素。”由此可知作者对于美国庆祝圣诞节的方式的态度是客观的，没有掺杂主观情绪在其中。故D项正确。A项“不同意”；B项“幽默的混乱”；C项“赞美的赞誉”；D项“客观分析”。

2.判断推理题。A项“在马萨诸塞湾的殖民地，某清教徒犯罪，被处罚金，不能庆祝圣诞节”不符合题意。B项“在欧洲和美国，与耶稣诞生节相关的圣诞节习俗最初并不是基督教的。”不符合原文。C项“红鼻子驯鹿鲁道夫(Rudolph)已经成为圣诞节的传统元素，但它是几年前才由商业利益创造出来的。”圣诞老人的出现并不是由于商业原因。D项“在世界广泛的区域，宗教纪念活动往往与惊人的自然现象紧密相连。”由Second,theChristmasseasonoffestivitieshasinsensiblycombinedwiththeNewYear’scelebrationintoonelengthenedperiodofSaturnalia.其次，圣诞节的庆祝活动与新年的庆祝活动不知不觉地结合在一起，成为一个延长的农神节。”可知D项符合题意。

3.判断推理题。这篇文章主要说明了美国圣诞节的两个特色：一方面促进零售业的大发展，另一方面整个节日时间变长了。根据第一个特色，可知寄送大量昂贵的贺卡是为了拓展圣诞节期间的生意。A项“寄大量昂贵的贺卡在很大程度上是美国圣诞节庆祝活动商业方面的延伸。”B项“通过贺卡向许多远近的朋友伸出援手，是美国圣诞节庆祝活动节日精神的延伸。”C项“卡片和形式的多样性反映了美国人对庆祝圣诞节的不同看法。”D项“圣诞假期的延长使得超负荷工作的邮政系统可以发送和处理更多的贺卡。”A项符合题意。

4.判断推理题。由TheChristmastree,thehollyandtheivy,themistletoe,theexchangeofgifts,themythofSantaClaus,andthecarolsofallnations,theplumpuddingandthewassailbowlareallelementsintheAmericanChristmasofthemid-twentiethcentury.可知20世纪中期以前，世界各地移民对美国的圣诞庆祝方式有很大的影响。A项“19世纪晚期和20世纪初，来自许多国家的移民浪潮对美国的圣诞节庆祝活动产生了重大影响。”符合题意。试题答案A。

11.单选题

Themassmediaisabigpartofourculture,yetitcanalsobeahelper,adviserandteachertoouryounggeneration.Themassmediaaffectsthelivesofouryoungbyactingasa/an（21）foranumberofinstitutionsandsocialcontacts.Inthisway,itfulfilsavarietyoffunctionsinhumanlife.

Thetimespentinfrontofthetelevisionscreenisusuallyatthe（22）ofleisure:thereislesstimeforgames,amusementandrest.（23）bywhatishappeningonthescreen,childrennotonlyimitatewhattheyseebutdirectlyidentifythemselveswithdifferentcharacters.Americanshavebeenconcernedabouttheprevalenceofviolenceinthemediaandits（24）harmtochildrenandadolescentsforatleastfortyyears.Duringthisperiod,newmedia（25）,suchasvideogames,cabletelevision,musicvideos,andtheInternet.Astheycontinuetogainpopularity,thesemedia,alongwithtelevision,（26）publicconcernandresearchattention.

Anotherlargesocietalconcernonouryounggeneration（27）bythemedia,isbodyimage.（28）forcescaninfluencebodyimagepositivelyornegatively.Forone,societalandculturalnormsandmassmediamarketingimpactourconceptsofbeauty.Inthemassmedia,theimagesof（29）beautyfillmagazinesandnewspapers,beamfromourtelevisionsandentertainusatthemovies.Eveninadvertising,themassmediaplayonacceptedculturalvaluesofthinnessandfitnessforcommercialgain.Youngadultsarepresentedwitha（30）definedstandardofattractiveness,anidealthatcarriesunrealisticphysicalexpectations.

问题1选项

A.alternative

B.preference

C.substitute

D.representative

问题2选项

A.risk

B.mercy

C.height

D.expense

问题3选项

A.Absorbed

B.Attracted

C.Aroused

D.Addicted

问题4选项

A.disposed

B.seeming

C.implicit

D.potential

问题5选项

A.merged

B.emerged

C.immerged

D.submerged

问题6选项

A.promote

B.propel

C.prompt

D.prosper

问题7选项

A.inspired

B.imposed

C.delivered

D.contributed

问题8选项

A.External

B.Exterior

C.Explicit

D.Exposed

问题9选项

A.generalized

B.regularize

C.standardized

D.categorized

问题10选项

A.barely

B.carefully

C.narrowly

D.subjectively

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:C

【解析】21.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项alternative“二中择一，可供替代的选择”；B选项preference与介词for搭配时意为“对……的偏爱，爱好”；C选项substitute“替代品，代替品”，常与介词for连用；D选项representative“代表，典型”，一般指人。句意：大众传媒作为一些机构和社会关系的（），影响着我们年轻人的生活。根据句意可知空格处应填最能体现大众传媒和一些机构之间的关系的名词，因此C选项正确。

22.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项“attheriskof（冒……的危险）”；B选项“atthemercyof（受……支配）”；C选项“attheheight（在……的最盛时，在……的高潮中）”；D选项“attheexpenseof（以……为代价）”。句意：花在电视屏幕前的时间通常是以休闲为（）的：用于游戏、娱乐和休息的时间更少了。根据句意可知后半句是前半句的补充说明，所以D选项更符合句意，意为“花在电视屏幕前的时间通常是以休闲为代价的……”，因此D选项正确。

23.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项absorb常与介词in搭配，表示“注意力集中于，被……吸引”；B选项attract常和介词by搭配，意为“被……吸引，对……感兴趣”；C选项arouse“使行动起来，激发”；D选项addict常与介词to搭配动词，意为“使入迷，使成瘾”。句意：孩子们被屏幕上发生的事情（），不仅模仿他们所看到的，而且直接把自己和不同的人物联系起来。空格处是过去分词结构作状语，因此填入的分词要和后面的介词by搭配，而且要符合上下文意。因此B选项正确。

24.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项disposed“有……倾向的；打算做……的”；B选项seeming“表面上的，看似的”；C选项implicit“（语言上）含蓄的，暗示的”；D选项potential“潜在的，可能的”，指将来可能形成的。句意：美国人关注媒体中暴力的流行及其对儿童和青少年的（）危害至少有40年了。由上下文中的“concernabout（关注）”和“foratleastfortyyears（至少40年了）”可知，人们担忧的是一种潜在的危害。因此D选项正确。

25.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项merge“结合，融合”；B选项emerge“出现，显现，浮现”；C选项immerge“浸入，隐没”；D选项submerge“淹没，完全掩盖”。句意：这一时期，电子游戏、有线电视、音乐视频、互联网等新媒体不断（）。media的修饰词是new，因此空格处应当表达“出现”的含义，因此B选项正确。

26.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项promote“促进，推动”；B选项propel“推进，促使”；C选项prompt“促使，导致，激起”；D选项prosper“（使）繁荣，昌盛”。句意：随着它们的不断普及，这些媒体和电视一起，引起了公众的关注和研究的注意。因此C选项正确。

27.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项inspired“激发，鼓舞”；B选项imposed“迫使，把……强加于”；C选项delivered“递送，发表，履行诺言，移交”；D选项contributed“有助于，促成”。句意：媒体对我们年轻一代施加的另一个社会关注是身体形象。因此B选项正确。

28.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项external“外界的，外来的，指与其他物体分离或没有关系的外部，不涉及内容”；B选项exterior“外部的，外表的，外面的，强调位于事物的外表以上，但仍是该事物的一部分”；C选项explicit“清楚明白的，直截了当的”；D选项exposed“遮蔽的，无保护的（常用来修饰地方或人）”。句意：外部力量可以正面或负面地影响身体形象。因此A选项正确。

29.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项generalized“广义的，普遍的，无显著特点的”；B选项regularized“使有规律的，使正规化”；C选项standardized“标准的，标准化的”；D选项categorized“分类的”。句意：在大众媒体中，标准的美女形象充斥着杂志和报纸，从电视中出现，在电影中为我们带来欢乐。因此C选项正确。

30.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A选项barely“仅仅，勉强，几乎不”；B选项carefully“小心地”；C选项narrowly“狭隘地，狭窄的，勉强地”；D选项subjectively“主观地，臆想地”。句意：年轻人面对的是一个狭隘的吸引力标准，一个带有不切实际的生理期望的理想。因此C选项正确。

12.翻译题

Oncethefirstlaughterhadbeenlaughedbyprimitiveman,withsuchapparentlypleasurableeffectsallaround,laughterbegantotakeonanintrinsicvaluewithinthesocietyofman.Thepersonpossessingtheabilitytocommunicatepleasureinaloudlaughbegantoenjoysocialadvantagesoverhismoreseriouscolleagues,hebecamea“goodmixer”sociallyselectedandlikedbysociety.Thustheprocessofnaturalselection(thesurvivalofthefittest)wouldtendtooperateinfavorofthoseabletoexpresstheirpleasurablestatesinlaugher,ascomparedwiththosenotsoable.Throughoutthecourseofevolution,laughterwouldbecomeestablishedthroughoutthehumanspeciesasafunctionofsociologicalandpsychologicalvalue.

Thuslaughtergraduallybecameestablishedasacapacityamongvirtuallyallhumanbeings.Inaddition,laughter’sinfectionsqualityhelpeddistributeitasacharacteristiccommontoallmankind.Laughterwasadvantageous;thereforeitsurvived.

【答案】【参考译文】原始人一旦第一次开口大笑了，笑声就因其对周围所产生的那些明显的愉快的效果，开始具有了人类社会所特有的价值。具有用爽朗的笑声来传播愉快能力的人，开始比他的较为严肃的同事更能享受到社会的优势。他成了个“善于交际的人”，在社交方面成了大家所推举的人，受到社会的喜爱。因此，自然选择（适者生存）的过程往往有利于那些能够在笑中表达快乐状态的人，而不是那些不这么做的人。在整个进化的过程中，根据其具有的社会学和心理学价值，笑声一直保持下来。

这样，笑就逐渐成为全人类的一种能力。此外，笑的感染力有助于将其作为全人类共有的一种特性进行传播。笑是有益的，所以笑就流传了下来。

13.单选题

TheeconomicexpansionpromptedbytheSecondWorldWartriggeredaspectacularpopulationboomintheWest.Ofcourse,theregionwasnostrangertopopulationbooms.Throughoutmuchofitshistory,westernsettlementhadbeencharacterizedbyspurts,ratherthanbyapatternofgradualandsteadypopulationgrowth,beginningwiththegoldandsilverrushesofthe1850’sand1860’s.ThedecadeaftertheFirstWorldWar—the1920’s—witnessedanothermajorsurgeofpeoplepouringintotheWest,particularlyintourbanareas.Buttheeconomicdepressionofthe1930’sbroughtthisexpansiontoahalt;someofthemoresparselysettledpartsoftheregionactuallylostpopulationasmigrantssoughtworkinmoreheavilyindustrializedareas.By1941whentheUnitedStatesenteredtheSecondWorldWarandbegantomobilize,newjobopportunitieswerecreatedinthewesternpartofthenation.

Iftheexpansionofindustries,suchasshipbuildingandaircraftmanufacturing,wasmoststrikingonthepacificcoast,italsoaffectedinteriorcitieslikeDenver.Phoenix,andSaltLakeCity,EquallydramaticweretheeffectsoftheestablishmentofaluminumplantsisOregonandWashingtonandtheburgeoningsteelindustryinUtahandCalifornia.Theflowofpeopleintotheseareasprovidedanenormousimpetustotheexpansionoftheserviceindustries—banks,healthcareservicesandschools.Althoughstrainedtothelimitbytheinfluxofnewcomers,westerncommunitieswelcomedthevastreservoirofnewjobopportunities.Atthesametime,theunprecedentedexpansionofgovernmentinstallationsintheWest,suchasmilitarybases,createdthousandsofnewcivilianopenings.Aslandhadservedasamagnetforwesternmigrantsinthelatenineteenthcentury,sowartimemobilizationsetinmotion.

Thereisanothermajorexpansionofpopulation.Indeed,itcouldbesaidthattheentirewesternUnitedStatesbecameagiantboomtownduringtheSecondWorldWar.ThiswasespeciallytrueofCalifornia:OfmorethaneightmillionpeoplewhomovedintotheWestinthedecadeafter1940,one-halfwenttothePacificcoast.Infact,between1940and1950,California’spopulationsurgedbymorethanthreemillionpeople.

16.Whatisthemainpointofthepassage?

17.Theword“triggered”isclosetinmeaningto________.

18.Whydoestheauthormention“thegoldandsilverrushesofthe1850’sand1860’s”inthefirstparagraph?

19.Accordingtothepassage,thedepressionofthe1930’scausedwhichofthefollowing?

20.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheshipbuildingindustryissuggestedbythepassage?

问题1选项

A.CaliforniadominatedtheeconomicgrowthoftheWestduringtheSecondWorldWar.

B.Industrialgrowthduringthe1940’sattractedlargenumbersofpeopletotheWest.

C.Themilitarydrewpeopleawayfromcivilianjobsthe1940’s.

D.TheWestexperiencedgradualandsteadyeconomicgrowthfrom1900to1940.

问题2选项

A.wasconnectedto

B.generated

C.interferedwith

D.illuminated

问题3选项

A.Ascausesofgradualpopulationgrowth.

B.Ascontraststolatepatternsofpopulationgrowth.

C.Asillustrationsofamarketeconomy.

D.Asexamplesofwesternpopulationbooms.

问题4选项

A.AlackofpopulationgrowthintheWest.

B.Thebuildingofnewsuburbs.

C.Acreationofmorejobopportunities.

D.Agrowthinimmigrationfromabroad.

问题5选项

A.ItcameintobeingduringtheFirstWorldWar.

B.ManynewshipbuildingyardswereestablishedonthePacificcoastduringthe1940’s.

C.Denverwasconsideredtobeapoorlocationforshipbuildingfactories.

D.ShipbuildingwasthedominantindustryinOregonandWashington.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】16.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲经济扩张使西部人口激增，第二段讲述工业发展吸引人到西方，又因为人口流动推动服务业发展创造许多工作机会，再次推动人口流向这里，第三段具体讲述人口的流动情况，所以B选项“20世纪40年代的工业发展吸引了大量的人到西方”正确。A选项“加州在第二次世界大战期间主导了西部的经济增长”：根据第二段第二句Phoenix,andSaltLakeCity,EquallydramaticweretheeffectsoftheestablishmentofaluminumplantsisOregonandWashingtonandtheburgeoningsteelindustryinUtahandCalifornia.（俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的铝厂的建立，以及犹他州和加利福尼亚州蓬勃发展的钢铁工业，都产生了同样引人注目的影响。），可知不只加州推动了经济增长，表述错误。C选项“20世纪40年代，军事工业把人们从文职工作中吸引过来”：根据第二段倒数第二句theunprecedentedexpansionofgovernmentinstallationsintheWest,suchasmilitarybases,createdthousandsofnewcivilianopenings.（西部政府设施的空前扩张，如军事基地，出现数千个新的平民的工作机会。），创造的新的工作机会大多被移民进来的平民消化，而不是把做文职工作的人转移到军事行业。D选项“从1900年到1940年，西方经历了缓慢而稳定的经济增长”文章没有提到。因此B选项正确。

17.语义推测题。Trigger的意思为“触发，引发”。根据第一段第一句TheeconomicexpansionpromptedbytheSecondWorldWartriggeredaspectacularpopulationboomintheWest.（第二次世界大战引起的经济扩张在西部引发了大规模的人口激增。），可推测这里在讲经济扩张和人口激增的关系，结合第一段第三句westernsettlementhadbeencharacterizedbyspurts,ratherthanbyapatternofgradualandsteadypopulationgrowth,beginningwiththegoldandsilverrushesofthe1850’sand1860’s.（从19世纪50年代和19世纪60年代的淘金热开始，美国西部移民的特点是人口的快速增长，而不是逐渐稳定的增长模式。），可推测经济扩张导致人口激增，所以B选项“引发”正确；A选项“有联系”不具体，不是最佳答案；C选项“妨碍”和D选项“照亮”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

18.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句TheeconomicexpansionpromptedbytheSecondWorldWartriggeredaspectacularpopulationboomintheWest.（第二次世界大战引起的经济扩张在美国西部引发了大规模的人口激增。）和第二句Ofcourse,theregi