考研考博-英语-上海济光职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海济光职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Sheadmiredthedirectortosuchanextentthatshetookhiswords______asoracles.

问题1选项

A.divine

B.rebellious

C.faithful

D.unbearable

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项divine“神圣的；极好的”；B选项rebellious“叛逆的”；C选项faithful“忠实的”；D选项unbearable“无法忍受的”。句意：她非常崇拜她的主管，到了把他的话当作神谕一样______。根据语境，这里指把主管的话看得像神谕一样神圣，A选项divine“神圣的”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

Whatthingsinlifeareyoumostdesirous（

）attaining?

问题1选项

A.to

B.for

C.with

D.of

【答案】D

【解析】desirousof为固定搭配，意为“想要...渴望...”。选项D符合句意。

3.单选题

Theconceptofthepatient[A]asfirstandforemostanindividualwillbereplacedbyageneric“patient”[B]whoevenmoregeneric“qualityoflife”isdeterminednotbyindividualqualitiesandrelationships[C]butbyaflowchart.Insteadofdying[D]surroundedbyfriendsandfamily,wewillbesurroundedbypaper—andlawyers.

问题1选项

A.asfirstandforemost

B.who

C.butby

D.surrounded

【答案】B

【解析】考查关系词用法。B选项处who引导定语从句修饰先行词patient，但关系词后又有名词“qualityoflife”，因此关系词应该在从句中充当定语的成分，应把who改为whose。

4.单选题

WesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan___EasternNebraska.

问题1选项

A.in

B.does

C.itreceivesin

D.itdoesin

【答案】B

【解析】考查习惯表达。空格处缺失的内容实际上指receiveslesssnow这件事，在英语中为了避免重复表达，会用助动词do/does/did表示前后一样的动作，根据主干谓语receives为第三人称单数可知应该使用does。因此B选项正确。

5.单选题

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesameconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930’swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubstance,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultipleearners,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsaretheelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemploymentfrequentlyinteracttounderminethecapacityforself-support.Sincethenumberexperiencingjoblessnessatsometimeduringtheyearisseveraltimesthenumberunemployedinanymonth,thosewhosufferasaresultofforcedidlenesscanequalorexceedaverageannualunemployment,eventhoughonlyaminorityofthejoblessinanymonthreallysuffers.Foreverypersoncountedinthemonthlyunemploymenttallies,thereisanotherworkingpart-timebecauseoftheinabilitytofindfull-timework,orelseoutsidethelaborforcebutwantingajob.Finally,incometransfersinourcountryhavealwaysfocusedontheelderly,disabled,anddependent,neglectingtheneedsoftheworkingpoor,sothatthedramaticexpansionofcashandinkindtransfersdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthosefailinginthelabormarketareadequatelyprotected.

Asaresultofsuchcontradictoryevidence,itisuncertainwhetherhighlevelsofjoblessnesscanbetoleratedormustbecounteredbyjobcreationandeconomicstimulus.Thereisonlyoneareaofagreementinthisdebate—thattheexistingpoverty,employment,andearningsstatisticsareinadequateforoneoftheirprimaryapplications,measuringtheconsequencesoflabormarketproblems.

1.Whatdoesthe“labormarketproblems”referto?

2.Theauthorcontraststhe1930'swiththepresentinordertoshowthat（

）.

3.Theauthor'spurposeincitingthosewhoarerepeatedlyunemployedduringayearismostprobablytoshowthat（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,onefactorthatcausesoursocietytooverestimatethedegreeofeconomichardshipisthe（

）.

问题1选项

A.ATheoverallcausesofpoverty

B.Deficienciesinthetrainingoftheworkforce

C.Traderelationshipsamongproducersofgoods

D.Shortageofjobsprovidingadequateincome

问题2选项

A.morepeoplewereemployedinthe1930's

B.socialprogramsaremoreneedednow.

C.unemploymentnowhaslesssevereeffects

D.nowthereisagreaterproportion

问题3选项

A.thereareseveralfactorsthatcausethepaymentoflowwagestosomemembersofthelaborforce

B.unemploymentstatisticscanunderestimatethehardshipthepoorworkerssuffer

C.recurrentunemploymentinthelabormarketcancausehardshipsforindividualworkers

D.amajorityofthosewhoarejoblessatanytimedoesnotsufferseverehardship

问题4选项

A.recurrenceofperiodsofunemploymentforagroupoflow-wageworkers.

B.factthatunemploymentcountsdonotincludethosewhoworkforlowwages

C.establishmentofasystemofrecordkeepingthatmakesitpossibletocompilepovertystatistics

D.prevalenceofsecondaryearnersamonglow-wageworkersandtheunemployed

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】1.语义题。根据关键词“labormarketproblems”定位到第一段第一句“有多少人因为劳动力市场问题而遭受不幸呢?”下文随即指出“Unemploymentdoesnothavethesameconsequencestoday.如今失业不会带来同样的后果。”由此可知，这里的劳动市场问题指的是失业，选项D符合原文。

2.判断推理题。根据下文“不断增加的财富、不止一个收入者的家庭增多、失业人群中中等收入者的优势日益显现，以及社会福利保障的改善，这些都毫无疑问地减轻了失业的后果。”由此可推断，作者是想表达现在的失业问题所带来的影响没有那么严重。选项C正确。

3.作者意图题。根据题干可以定位到第二段的内容，本段的中心句为段落首句“Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.然而，我们的社会统计数据在许多方面低估了与劳动力市场相关的困难程度。”接下来进行举例说明。由此可知，作者提到那些一年内多次失业的人，是为了表明统计数据低估了贫困工人所遭受的苦难，所以选项B正确。

4.判断推理题。原文第一段指出社会统计数据在许多方面夸大了困难的程度，然后在第一段最后一句指出，计算在贫困统计之内的人大部分是年老者、残疾人或者由于家庭负担不能进入劳务市场者，因此这些贫困统计数据根本就不能精确地反映出劳动力市场所存在的问题。由此可推断，之所以会高估经济困难的程度，是因为建立了记录系统，使得编撰贫穷统计数据成为可能，这些数据不一定是真实情况的反映，所以选项C正确。

6.单选题

Thearchitectmustrespondtotheculturalconcernsofsociety______andpayattentiontothefunctionalandaestheticaspectofthebuildings.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atheart

C.atmost

D.atbest

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项atlarge“详尽的，未被捕的，整体的，普遍的”，B项atheart“本质上，内心里”，C项atmost“至多”，D项atbest“最多”。根据Thearchitectmustrespondtotheculturalconcernsofsociety______“建筑师必须回应社会……关注的文化问题”可知，“普遍的”符合语境。句意：建筑师必须回应社会普遍关注的文化问题，并关注建筑的功能和美学方面。因此，该题选择A项正确。

7.单选题

Manyofhisargumentshavenopertinencetothesubjectunderdiscussion.

问题1选项

A.significance

B.value

C.relevance

D.enlightenment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项significancen.重要性，意义；B选项valuen.价值，重要性；C选项relevancen.关联，适当，中肯；D选项enlightenmentn.启迪，启蒙运动。句意表明：他的很多观点都与正在讨论的议题无关。因此本题选择C项。

8.单选题

Therehasbeenacollision（）anumberofcarsonthemainroadtotown.

问题1选项

A.composing

B.consisting

C.involving

D.engaging

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。compose“组成，构成”；consist“由…组成”；involve“包含，涉及”；engage“雇佣，参加”。句意：在通往小镇的主路上发生了一起碰撞，涉及到许多小轿车。C项符合题意。

9.单选题

Mydaughterhaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk（）far.

问题1选项

A./

B.such

C.that

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。本句中的that就相当于so,意为“如此”,修饰副词far。选项C符合题意。such后面要接名词或者名词短语。as的语义不符。

10.单选题

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin___tohisincome.

问题1选项

A.comparison

B.proportion

C.association

D.calculation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项comparison“比较；对照；比喻；比较关系”；B选项proportion“比例，占比；部分；面积；均衡”；C选项association“协会，联盟，社团；联合；联想”；D选项calculation“计算；估计；计算的结果；深思熟虑”。句意：他在假日和奢侈品上的支出与他的收入___相当高。本句表达“在奢侈品上的支出和收入的比例”，因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Theterm"folkcustom"isverybroad,butithasbeenusedbyfolkloriststorefertothosesharedpatternsofbehaviorsinaparticularfolkgroup.Thosepatternsofbehaviorsareregardedasthetraditionalandestablishedwaysofmembersoftheparticularfolkgroup.FolkcustomistransmittedbyWordofmouth,demonstrationorimitation.ThefolkloreandfolkcustomsofEnglandarerichandvaried.Manycustomsareancient,andpasseddowngenerationaftergenerationfromourGermanicandCelticancestors.Othersaremoremodemcreations.

Oneofthegreatestproblemsinassessingmostaccountsoffolkcustomsisthattheytendtogiveonlytheantiquary'spointofview.Afterall,tomostobservers,thepeopletheywerelookingatweresimpleandilliterate,unmindfulofthetruesignificanceofthecustomstheyhadpreserved.Whyquestionthematlengthiftheydidn'tunderstandtheessentialnatureofwhattheyweredoing?Soafolkloristislikelytoemphasizeaspectsofatraditionwhichreflecthisorherowninterestsorwhichfitinwithpreconceivedideas,whilepossiblyignoringorgivingonlypassingmentiontoaspectswhichmay,infact,beofequalimportance.

Oneaspectwhichgenerallygetsleftoutofaccountsistheviewpointoftheparticipantsthemselves:forinstance,whytheyindulgeinaparticularactivityataparticulartimeofyearoroftheirlivesandwhatfeelingstheyexperiencewhiledoingso.Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesateso-widespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.Sothefolkloristisratherlikeamanstaringatasceneinamirrorwhomustbeaware,tofullyunderstandthatscene,thathisownreflectionisamajorpartofwhatheislookingat.

Itis,however,alsotruetosaythatmanycontemporarystudentsoffolklorearcfullyawareoftheproblemswhichbesettheirenquiries.Liketruescientiststheydrawtheirconclusionsbylookingatavailableevidence,rather-thanselectingevidencewhichfitsinwithexistingtheories.Somehavealsolookedawayfromthe"obviously"ancientandturnedtheirattentiontofolklorewhereitthrives,inthesociallifeofmoderncities,inindustryandsport,etc.Theymay,forexample,enduplookingattheloreofthemotorcar,orofpopularmusic,andatcustomswhich,thoughtheyhavenohintsofpaganism,neverthelesshavemuchincommonwiththeolderactivitieswhichdo.

Manyfolkloristshavegraduallycometotheconclusionthatfolkloreisnotnecessarilyathingofthepast,arelicofancientandoutmodedwaysofthinking,butthemeansbywhichpeopletrytomakesenseoftheworld(ortoconfrontitslackofsense)andtrytoalleviateboredomandsuffering.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably（）.

2.Theearlyaccountsoffolkcustomsareunreliablebecause（）.

3.Thereasonwhystudyingfolkloreisdifficulttodayisthat（）.

4.Whatisnewaboutfolkloriststoday?

5.Whatdoesparticipationinfolkcustomsmeantopeople?

问题1选项

A.FolkloreandFolkCustoms

B.ProblemsandTendencyofFolkCustoms

C.TheRevivalofFolkCustoms

D.FolkloreandFolklorists

问题2选项

A.folkloristsundervaluedtheopinionsoftheparticipants

B.theparticipantsdidnotrevealthesignificanceoftheircustoms

C.theparticipantswerenotawareofthemeaningoftheircustoms

D.folkloristsdidnotconsidertheparticipantssmartenoughtoanswerthequestions

问题3选项

A.participantsarenowinfluencedbyearlierstudiesoftheiractivities

B.participantsinsistontheaccuracyoftheirowninterpretations

C.folkloristsaretooconcernedtojustifytheirowntheories

D.folkloristsareoftenmisledbyunreliableearlierstudies

问题4选项

A.Theyarenowmorecautiousabouttheevidencetheyaccept.

B.Theywanttoinvestigatethemoreobscureareasoffolklore.

C.Theyarestudyingthecreationoffolkloreinpresent-daysociety.

D.Theywanttodiscoverthelinkbetweenpaganismandsocialcustoms.

问题5选项

A.Itenablesthemtoescapetheproblemsofthemodemworld.

B.Itisanattempttoreconstructwhatislostforever.

C.Itcanbeameansofregainingancientwisdom.

D.Itcanbeofpsychologicalbenefittothem.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨题。纵观全文，文章第一段介绍了民间习俗的概念，以及民间习俗的表现形式。文章第二段提到了民俗评估者对大多数记载民俗进行的评估。根据文章第三段开头“Oneaspectwhichgenerallygetsleftoutofaccountsistheviewpointoftheparticipantsthemselves”，可知通常被忽视的这个方面就是民俗传承人自己的观点。第四段谈及研究民俗的学生能确切意识到一些问题。最后一段是全文的总结，主要讲述了民俗学者对民俗的结论和理解。选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“tomostobservers,thepeopletheywerelookingatweresimpleandilliterate,unmindfulofthetruesignificanceofthecustomstheyhadpreserved…Soafolkloristislikelytoemphasizeaspectsofatraditionwhichreflecthisorherowninterestsorwhichfitinwithpreconceivedideas…beofequalimportance.”，可知大多数观察者找的都是一些朴素的人，甚至是文盲，并不理解所保存习俗的真正含义，所以民俗家最终只维护自己的兴趣。可推断出民俗家忽略了参与者的观点。选项A符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesateso-widespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.Sothefolkloristisratherlikeamanstaringatasceneinamirror…”，可知民俗研究的结论普遍流传，这些结论很容易影响民俗传承人观点，所以民俗学者研究这些民俗时，就像照镜子一样。可推断出参与者现在会受到他早期研究结论的影响。选项A符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，“…enduplookingattheloreofthemotorcar,orofpopularmusic,andatcustomswhich,thoughtheyhavenohintsofpaganism,neverthelesshavemuchincommonwiththeolderactivitieswhichdo…”，可知那些民俗研究者转而关注现今的现代城市生活等，在一些现代化物体中发现新的跟民俗相关的东西。可推断出他们正在研究现代社会中民俗的创作物或产物。选项C符合题意。

5.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“…butthemeansbywhichpeopletrytomakesenseoftheworld(ortoconfrontitslackofsense)andtrytoalleviateboredomandsuffering.”，可知民俗是人们试图理解这个世界，试图减轻无聊和痛苦的方式。可推断出参与民俗对人们的心理带来一定的好处。选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Theremarkable（

）oflifeontheGalapagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwinto

establishhistheoryofevolution.

问题1选项

A.classification

B.variety

C.density

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。classification“分类，类别”；variety“多样化”；density“密度”；diversion“转移，消遣”。句意：加拉帕戈斯群岛上生物显著的多样性激发了达尔文去建立自己的进化论。由后半句“激发了达尔文去建立自己的进化论”可推知该岛上的生物是多样的。答案B

13.单选题

Davidistryingtogetthatpromotionbyhookorbycrook;heevenspreadrumorsdefamingothercandidates.

问题1选项

A.scaring

B.smearing

C.squashing

D.startling

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.scaring使害怕；使恐惧B.smearing诽谤；弄脏

C.squashing挤压D.startling使惊吓；使吓一跳

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息spreadrumors（散发谣言）可推知，defaming是指“诽谤”的意思，B项词义与之相近，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。

【句意】大卫为了得到提升不择手段；他甚至散布诽谤其他候选人的谣言。

14.翻译题

Forthoseplayingthegameofscience,themethodbywhichtheyascertainwhattheybelieveiscrucial.Theyhavetoevaluatedataandargumentsanddecideforthemselvesontheirvalidity.Scientistscommunicatingtoothershavethetaskofconvincingthehearersofthevalidityoftheirstatementsintermsofthedataandtheirexplanationsofthedata.Theyarenotplayingthegamecorrectlyiftheywinsupportbythestrengthoftheirpersonalityorprestige.Intheshortrunscientistsmayfollowanotheronthebasisofprestige,butthiscannotcontinueindefinitely.Itisuptothehearerstoevaluatewhatthescientistssayratherthanacceptitbecausetheysayit.Andtheculminationofthisenterpriseisthedeterminationofwhethertheexplanationsaccountforthedataobserved.Therelationshipbetweenscientificexplanationsanddatahelpstoensuretheintegrityofscientists.Iftheirfindingsareimportant,theycanbesurethattheirtheoriesanddatawillbeexaminedcriticallyandnewevidencewillbeattained.

Itisthesystemofdata-basedexplanationthatdistinguishessciencefromdogma.Scientistshaveboththerightandtheresponsibilitytodecideforthemselves,onthebasisofevidenceathand,thebestexplanationofasetofphenomena.Ontheotherhand,dogma(religious,economic,politicalorsocial)dependsonpronouncementsbyestablishedauthorities.

【答案】对于从事科学研究的那些人来说，确认他们所相信的东西而所使用的方法是至关重要的。他们不得不评估数据和论据，并自己确定它们的正确性。与他人进行交流的科学家们有必要依据数据和他们对数据的解释，去让听者相信他们的陈述的正确性。如果他们通过自己的品格或威望而获得支持，那么他们就不是在正确地从事科学。从短期来看，尽管科学家们可能基于威望而追随另外一个人，但是这种追随不能无限期地延续。听者应该去评估科学家所说的，而不是因为是他们所说的就相信。科学这项事业的顶峰是确定解释是否能说明所观察到的数据。科学解释与数据之间的关系帮助确保科学家们的诚实。如果他们的发现是重要的，他们可以确信他们的理论和数据将被批判性地检验，并获得新的证据。

正是基于数据的解释体系将科学与教条区分开来。根据现有的证据，科学家有权利也有责任为自己决定对一系列现象的最佳解释。另一方面，教条（宗教、经济、政治或社会）依赖于已确立的权威所做的声明。

15.单选题

Onecommonalityoffitnessisthestrongassociationofmilitaryandpoliticalmight[A]withphysicalfitnessthroughoutmankind’sadvancement.Inmanyways,thisshowshow[B]impactingourworldleaderscanbeonhealthandfitness.Themind-bodyconcepthashadatenuousdevelopment.Attimes,someculturesprescribedspiritualityattheexpenseofthebody[C]whereasothers,suchasGreeksociety,[D]upholdtheidealthatasoundmindcanonlybefoundinahealthybody.

问题1选项

A.with

B.impacting

C.whereas

D.uphold

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态。Whereas引导的句子与前面是并列关系，因此D选项处动词时态应与prescribe保持一致，因此需要将uphold改为upheld。

16.单选题

Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.

问题1选项

A.whoishe

B.whoitis

C.whoheis

D.whoisit

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.whoishe他是谁B.whoitis它是谁

C.whoheis他是谁D.whoisit它是谁

【考查点】宾语从句。

【解题思路】分析句子可知，空格处为宾语从句，跟在动词go和see的后面，根据前一句“有人在按门铃”可知，宾语从句引导要用who，从句要用陈述语气，who指的是someone，所以要用代词he，该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A、D项不是陈述语气；

B项it不指人。

【句意】有人在按门铃。去看看他是谁。

17.单选题

Theoceanbottomeventodayislargelyunexplored:untilaboutacenturyago,thedeep-oceanfloorwascompletely（

），hiddenbeneathwateraveragingover3,600metersdeep.

问题1选项

A.inevitable

B.indefinite

C.incomparable

D.inaccessible

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容词辨析。“inevitable”不可避免的；“indefinite”不确定的；“incomparable”不可比拟的；“inaccessible”难到达的，难接近的。句意：海洋底部甚至时至今日仍然有大部分未被探索：直到大约一个世纪以前深海底部完全无法到达的局面才得以改变，这些区域都深藏在平均深度在海面3600米以下的深海处。选项D符合句意。

18.单选题

Shewasextremely（）,alwaysreadytoagreewithotherpeople’swishes.

问题1选项

A.mellow

B.supple

C.adaptable

D.obstinate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项mellow“圆润的，柔和的；成熟的；芳醇的”；B选项supple“柔软的；灵活的；顺从的；易弯曲的；逢迎的”；C选项adaptable“适合的；能适应的；可修改的”；D选项obstinate“顽固的；倔强的；难以控制的”。句意：她是非常能适应的，总是准备着去赞同别人的愿望。结合此处句意，C选项正确。

19.单选题

Bodypaintorfacepaintisusedmostlybymeninpreliteratesocietiesinordertoattractgoodhealthorto（

）disease.

问题1选项

A.setaside

B.wardoff

C.shrugoff

D.giveaway

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。setaside意为“留作……之用，置……于不顾”；wardoff意为“躲开，防止（危险、疾病等）”；shrugoff意为“把……不当回事，对……置之不理”；giveaway意为“捐赠，错失，泄露”。句意：在前文化社会中，身体涂料或脸部彩绘主要是用来保持身体健康或者抵御疾病。

20.单选题

______wastoreturntoschool.

问题1选项

A.Thatreallyinterestedhim

B.Whatreallyinterestedhim

C.Whichreallyinterestedhim

D.Thatinteresthimreally

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Thatreallyinterestedhim这让他很感兴趣B.Whatreallyinterestedhim让他很感兴趣的是

C.Whichreallyinterestedhim哪一个让他很感兴趣D.Thatinteresthimreally这让他很感兴趣

【答案】B

【考查点】主语从句。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，句子缺少一个主语，结合选项可知空格处为一个主语从句。That引导主语从句，从句的成分应该完整，that在从句中不充当任何成分。而本句中，从句缺少主语，引导词在从句中充当主语，因此排除that。which与what的区别在于，which有选择性，在给出几个已知选项时，可用which，而what不需要；但是结合选项可知主语从句并没有选择性，所以该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项由解题思路可知，不符合句子语法。

【句意】真正使他感兴趣的是回到学校。

21.单选题

CordiaHarringtonwastiredofstandingupalldayandsmellinglikeFrenchfriesatnight.SheownedandoperatedthreeMcDonald’sshopsinIllinois,butasadivorcedmotherofthreeboys,sheyearnedforabusinessthatwouldprovideforherchildrenandletherspendmoretimewiththem.

Herluckymomentcame,strangelyenough,aftershewasnominatedin1992tobeontheMcDonald'sbuncommittee.“Thecompanypickedmeupinacorporatejettoseebakeriesaroundtheworld.”Sherecalls.“EverytimeIwenttoameeting,Ilovedit.Thiswasglobal!”

Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.WhenMcDonald’sdecideditwantedanewbunsupplier,Harringtonbecamedeterminedtowinthecontract,eventhoughshehadnoexperiencerunningabakery.

Harringtonstudiedthebakerybusinessandmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives’radar.“Ifyouhaveadream,youcan’twaitforpeopletocallyou,”shesays.“SoI’dvisitamillandsendthemphotosofmyself,inabaker’shatandjacket,holdingasignthatsays“Iwanttobeyourbaker.”Afterfouryearsand32interviews,herpersistencepaidoff.

Harringtonsealedthedealwithahandshake,soldhershopsandborrowed$13.5million.Shewasreadytobuildthefaster,mostautomatedbakeryintheworld.

TheTennesseeBunCompanyopenedaheadofschedulein1997intimeforaslumpinUSfast-foodsalesforMcDonald’s.BeforeHarringtonknewit,shewasdowntoherlast$20,000,notenoughtocoverpayroll.AndheragreementwithMcDonald’srequiredthatshesellexclusivelytothecompany.“Icriedmyselftosleepmanynights,”sherecalls.“IreallydidthinkIamgoingtogobankrupt”.

ButHarringtonworkedoutanagreementtosupplyPepperideFarmaswell.“McDonald’scouldseebenefitifourproductionwentupandpriceswentdownandnobenefitifwewentoutofbusiness,”shesays.“Thatdealsavedus.”

Overthenexteightyears,Haringtonbranchedoutevenmore:Shestartedherowntruckingbusiness,addedacold-storagecompany,andnowhasthreebakeriesproducingfreshbunsandfrozendough—allnowknownastheBuncompanies.Speedisstillapriority:Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.

Gratefulforthebreaksshe’shad,Harringtonispassionateaboutprovidingopportunitiestoall230employees.“Financialsuccessisthemostfunwhenyoucangiveitaway,”shesays.

Thecurrenteconomyischallenging.Someofherclients’saleshavedeclined,butshe’sfoundnewclientsandimprovedefficienciestohelpsustaintheeconomy’sdouble-digitgrowth.

CordiaHarringtondoesn’thavetostandonherfeetalldayanymore.Twoofherthreesonsnowworkforher.Andshe'smarriedherhusband,Tom,isnowherCFO.

"Thisismorethanajob,”saysHarrington.“It'samission.I'malwaysthinking.Howcanwebestserveouremployees?Ifwesupportthem,they’lldotheirbesttolookafterourclients.That’showitworkshere.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasmostsignificantinHarrington’searlycareer?

2.“Harringtonmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives‘radar’"(ParagraphFour)meansthatshe（）.

3.Howdidshesurvivethecrisisofthebakerybusiness?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTindescribinghercurrentbusiness?

5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisfundamentaltoHarrington’ssuccess?

问题1选项

A.Hertravelandthevisitstobakeriesaroundtheworld.

B.HernominationontheMcDonald’sbuncommittee.

C.Abusinesscontractwithlocalbunsuppliers.

D.Theinterviewsandexperienceinrunningabakery.

问题2选项

A.herselfwantedtobeacompanyexecutive

B.meanttohireexecutivestorunthebusiness

C.meanttokeephermanagementknowledgeandskills

D.focusedonthemanagementofthebakerybusiness

问题3选项

A.Byopeningherbuncompanyaheadofschedule.

B.Bysupplyingbunsforanothercompany.

C.BykeepingsuppliesupforMcDonald.

D.BymakinganewagreementwithMcDonald.

问题4选项

A.Itisfastgrowing.

B.Itisdiversified.

C.Itsclientsarealllocal.

D.Itismoreefficient.

问题5选项

A.Perseveranceandconcernforemployees.

B.Businessexpansionandfamilysupport.

C.Efficiencyandloveforthefamily.

D.Opportunitiesandspeed.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。根据第三段的首句“Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.这次经历使她看到了商机”，也就是说，在哈林顿的早期职业生涯中最重要的是这次经历。再根据上一段的内容可知，这次经历是在她被任命为麦当劳的面包委员会委员后，公司派专机接她去看世界各地的面包房。所以选项A符合原文。本题容易错选B，但被任命后如果没有那些经历，也不能对她的职业产生影响，所以重要的还是“experience”。

第2题:2.判断推理题。根据原文句意“哈林顿学习了怎样经营面包店，并且确保自己从来没有离开过管理层的视线”，由此可知，她这样做是为了保持她的管理知识和技能，所以选项C正确。选项A“她自己想成为一名公司主管”不正确，因为她是想自己经营一家公司而不是成为主管；选项B“打算雇佣管理人员来经营企业”不正确，这时候她自己还没有开公司，所以谈不上雇佣；选项D“专注于面包房业务的管理”也不正确，因为上一段提到她没有经营面包店的经验，所以她学习的是如何经营面包店，而不是业务管理。只有选项C符合原文。

第3题:3.细节事实题。根据第七段的最后一句话“那笔交易救了我们”，这里的交易指的是本段首句提到的“达成协议为Pepperide农场供应面包”。所以选项B“向另一家公司供应面包”正确。

第4题:4.细节事实题。根据第八段的最后一句“Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.面包店的11个人每小时要为来自40个州、南美洲和加勒比海地区的客户制作6万个面包。”由此可知，她的客户不仅仅是当地的，所以选项C不正确。

第5题:5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的内容“‘这不仅仅是一份工作，’哈林顿说。‘这是一个任务。我总是思考。我们怎样才能更好地为员工服务？如果我们支持他们，他们就会尽力照顾我们的客户。这就是这里的运作方式。’”由此可知，关心员工是哈林顿成功的根本原因之一。除此之外，还有原文前面所提及的她自己付出的努力，以及自己坚持不懈的精神是她事业成功的另一个根本原因。所以选项A正确。

22.单选题

InternationalVaccination:A.jabintimeSomeWesterncountrieshavelowervaccinationratesthanpoorpartsofAfrica.Anti-vaxxersarenotthemainculprits.

Eradicatingadiseaseisthesortofaimthatrichcountriescomeupwith,andpooronesstruggletoreach.Butforsomediseases,thepatternisreversed.Thesearetheailmentsforwhichvaccinationsexist.Manypoorcountriesrunhighlyeffectivevaccinationprogrammers.Butasmemoriesofthetollfrominfectiousdiseasesfadesacrosstherichworld,insomeplacestheyaremakingacomeback.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)reckonsthatvaccinessave2.5mlivesayear.Smallpoxwaseradicatedin1980withthehelpofavaccine;polioshouldsoonfollow.Inbothcases,richcountriesledtheway.Thenewpatternlooksverydifferent.

Thetrendismostevidentformeasles,whichishighlycontagious.Atleast95%ofpeoplemustvaccinatetostopitsspread(athresholdknownas"herdimmunity").Althoughusuallymild,itcanleadtopneumoniaandcausebraindamageorblindnessthecountrieswiththelowestvaccinationratesareallverypoor,butmanydevelopingcountriesrunexcellentprogrammes(seechart).Eritrea.RwandaandSriLankamanagetovaccinatenearlyeveryone.Bycontrast,severalrichcountries,includingAmerica,Britain.FranceandItaly,arebelowherdimmunity.LastyearEuropemissedthedeadlineithadsetitselfin2010toeradicatemeasles-andhadalmost4,000Cases.Americawasdeclaredmeasles-freein2000;in2014ithadhundredsofcasesacross27statesandlastyearsawitsfirstdeathfromthediseaseinmorethanadecade.Thetrendsforothervaccine-preventablediseases,suchasrubella,whichcancausecongenitaldisabilitiesifapregnantwomancatchesit,arealarming,too.

ThissorrystateofaffairsJsoftenblamedonhardline"anti-vaxxers:parent’suhorefusesallvaccinesfortheirchildren.Theyarcamotleylot.TheAmishinAmericaspurnmodernmedicine,alongwithalmosteverythingelseinventedsincethe17thcentury.Somevegansobjecttotheuseofanimal-derivedproductsinvaccines'manufacture.TheProtestantDutchReformedChurchthinksvaccinesthwartdivinewill.Anthroposophy,foundedinthe19thcenturybyRudolfSteiner,anAustrianmystic-cum-philosopher,preachesthatdiseasesstrengthenchildren'sphysicalandmentaldevelopment.

Inmostcountriessuchrefuseniksareonly2-3%ofparents.Butbecausetheytendtoliveinclusters,theycanbethesourceofou