美国文学史及作品选读课件

Lecture1

TheLiteratureoftheColonialAmericaandofReasonandRevolution1ppt课件Lecture1

TheLiteratureofTeachingObjectivesandRequirements1MakethestudentsknowclearaboutAmericanPuritanismanditsinfluenceonAmericanLiterature.

2Helpthestudentstoknowaboutthemainliteraryform,contentandthemeinColonialAmericaandtherepresentativewritersofthisperiod.

3HelpthestudentsknowabouttheAmericanhistoryofIndependenceWarandtherepresentativesintheperiodofReasonandRevolution,especiallytheirinfluenceonAmericanLiterature.4MakethestudentshaveagoodunderstandingofJonathanEdwardsandBenjaminFranklin.

5MakesurethestudentsunderstandclearlyaboutBenjaminFranklin’sAutobiographyanditsinfluenceonthelatterAmericans.2ppt课件TeachingObjectivesandRequir1LiteratureoftheColonialAmerica(1607-1765)2LiteratureofReasonandRevolution(1765-Endof18thC)3ppt课件1LiteratureoftheColonialA1.1HistoricalBackgroundIn1492,ChristopherColumbusfoundthenewcontinentcalledAmerica.

Spanish(thefirsttownonthenewcontinent)

Dutch(NewYorkcity)

French(French:lotsofpeople’smothertongueinNorthAmerica);

English(firstsettledinJamestownofVirginiain1607)

In1620,thefamous“MayFlower”shipped102PuritanstoPlymouth.4ppt课件1.1HistoricalBackgroundIn1.2PuritanThoughtPuritanism:thepracticesandbeliefsofthePuritans◆Puritans:Calvinists.◆Puritanswantedto“purifythechurch”toitsoriginalstate.◆

TobeaPuritan:

religion—themostimportantthing;livingforglorifyingGod;believingpredestination,originalsin,totaldepravity,limitedatonement5ppt课件1.2PuritanThoughtPuritanism:◆LifestyleofPuritans:

pious

austereoftaste

diligent

thrift

rigidsenseofmorality

self-reliant6ppt课件6ppt课件AmericanPuritanism:thepractices

and

beliefs

oftheAmericanPuritans◆AmericanPuritanswereoriginallymembersofadivisionoftheProtestantChurch,whocameintoexistenceinthereignsofQueenElizabethandKingJamesI.◆Theywereagroupofserious,religiouspeople,advocatinghighlyreligiousandmoralprinciples.Theywantedtopurifytheirreligiousbeliefsandpractices.TheycametoAmericaoutofvariousreasons.7ppt课件AmericanPuritanism:thepr◆Theywereidealists,believingthechurchshouldberestoredtocomplete“purity”anddreamingthattheywouldbuildthenewlandtoanEdenonearth.Theyacceptedthedoctrineofpredestination,

originalsin,totaldepravity,andlimitedatonementthroughaspecialinfusionofgracefromGod.ButinthegrimstruggleforsurvivalaftertheirarrivalinAmerica,theybecamemoreandmorepractical.◆AmericanPuritans’liveswereextremelydisciplinedandhard.Theydroveoutoftheirsettlementsallthoseopinionsthatseemeddangeroustothem.8ppt课件◆Theywereidealists,believi◆Asacultureheritage,AmericanPuritanismdidhaveaprofoundinfluenceontheearlyAmericanmind.ItalsohadanenduringinfluenceonAmericanliterature.ItwasoneofthemostenduringshapinginfluencesinAmericanthoughtandAmericanliterature.Ithadbecome,tosomeextent,somuchastateofmind,somuchapartofthenationalculturalatmosphere,ratherthanasetoftenets.9ppt课件◆Asacultureheritage,AmeriInfluenceofAmericanPuritanismonliterature◆BasisofAmericanliterature:

thedreamofbuildinganEdenofGardenonearth◆Beinginstrumentalincallingintobeingaliterarysymbolism(meaningusingsymbolsinliteraryworks.Thesymbolmeanssomethingrepresentingorstandingforabstractdeepmeaning.):lotsofAmericanwriterslikedtoemploysymbolismintheirworks◆Style:

simple,freshanddirect10ppt课件InfluenceofAmericanPuritani1.3ColonialLiteratureGeneralfeatures:◆Humbleorigins:diaries,histories,lettersetc.◆Incontent:servingeitherGodorcolonialexpansionorboth◆Inform:imitatingEnglishliterarytraditions11ppt课件1.3ColonialLiteratureGenera●Representatives◆

CaptainJohnSmith:

thefirstAmericanWriter,ADescriptionofNewEngland(P16)◆

WilliamBradford:

TheHistoryofPlymouthPlantation(P16-17)◆

JohnWinthrop:

TheHistoryofNewEngland,AModelofChristianCharity

12ppt课件●Representatives12ppt课件◆

AnneBradstreet:

firstAmericanwomanpoet;aPuritanpoet;oncecalled“TenthMuse”;herfirstcollectionofpoems,“TheTenthMuseLatelySprungUpinAmerica”wasthefirstbookwrittenbyawomantobepublishedintheUnitedStates;herpoemsmainlyaboutreligiousexperience,familylifeandearlysettlers’lives;herworkalsoservesasadocumentofthestrugglesofaPuritanwifeagainstthehardshipsofNewEnglandcoloniallife,andinsomewayisatestamenttoplightofthewomenoftheage;hermostfamouspoems—“Contemplations”(P17)13ppt课件◆AnneBradstreet:firstAmeri◆

RogerWilliams:oneofthe

greatestPuritandissenters;

beginswiththehistoryofreligioustolerationinAmerica,andthehistoryoftheseparationofchurchandstate.◆

EdwardTaylor:the

best

ofthepuritan

poets;a

meditative

poet;mostofhisworktreated

religiousthemes,withpoemsbaseddirectlyonthe

Psalms>>back14ppt课件◆RogerWilliams:oneoftheg2LiteratureofReasonandRevolution(1765-Endof18thC)2.1

HistoricalBackground2.2RepresentativesintheperiodofReasonandRevolution15ppt课件2LiteratureofReasonandRev●Enlightenment(启蒙运动):◆OriginatedinEuropeinthe17thcentury(1680)◆Resources:Newton’stheory;deism（P28）;Frenchphilosophy(Rousseau,Voltaire)◆Basicprinciples:stressingeducation;stressingReason(Order);employingReasontoreconsiderthetraditionsandsocialrealities;concernsforcivilrights,suchasequalityandsocialjustice16ppt课件●Enlightenment(启蒙运动):16ppt课件◆Significance:accelerating

socialprogress;freeingpeoplefromthelimitationssetbyprevailingPuritanism;makingspiritualpreparationforAmericanRevolution◆Representatives:BenjaminFranklin,ThomasPaine,ThomasJeffersonetc.◆InfluenceonliteratureInform:imitatingEnglishclassical（古典主义）writersIncontent:utilitariantendency(forpoliticaloreducationalpurpose)17ppt课件17ppt课件●AmericanRevolution:◆1775,Lexington,beginningoftheIndependenceWar◆June4th,1776,ThomasJefferson,DeclarationofIndependence◆1778,alliancewithFrance,turningpointforAmericanarmy◆1778,Englisharmysurrendered◆1783,formalrecognitionfromBritaingovernment<<back18ppt课件●AmericanRevolution:<<back18◆Workedasaministerandwasanimportantfigurein“GreatAwakening”(aseriousofreligiousrevivalswhichoccurredinthe1730sand1740sonNorthAmericacontinent)◆Livedandmeditatedinsolitude;wrotesomebooks(TheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefended,TheFreedomofWill,TheNatureofTrueVirtue)(P29)2.2.1JonathanEdwards(1703—1758)19ppt课件◆Workedasaministerandwas◆InfluencedbythenewideasofEnlightenment,suchasempiricism◆Apious

Puritan◆HissenseofGod’soverwhelmingpresenceinnatureandinsoulanticipatedtheTranscendentalism.(P32)◆FirstmodernAmericanandthecountry’slastmedievalman20ppt课件◆Influencedbythenewideas2.2.2

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)●Life—Jack

ofalltrades：◆Ascientistwithlotsofinventionsandafamousexperiment(kite,electricity,thunderstorm)◆Afamousstatesman(theonlyAmericanwhooncesignedallthefourdocumentsthatcreatedthenewcountry)(P33)◆AnexamplewhomadeAmericanDreamcometrue21ppt课件2.2.2

BenjaminFranklin(1706-●Literaryworks：◆PoorRichard’sAlmanac《穷查理的年历》Modeledonfarmers’annualcalendar;keptpublishingformanyyears;includesmanyclassicalsayings,suchas“Apennysavedisapennyearned.”(P34)22ppt课件●Literaryworks：22ppt课件◆TheAutobiography—first

ofitskindin

literature：

Writingwhenhewas65AnintroductionofhislifetohisownsonIncludingfourpartswrittenindifferenttimeTellingreaderstodaywhatlifewasin18thcenturyAmerica,areflectionof18thcenturyidealismThepreeminentworkthatmythologizesaherooftheAmericanrevolutionTheonlyenduringtokenthatenshrinesallthefacetsofFranklin’sdiversenaturePresentingAmericanstodaywithagreatherofromthepastwhohelpedestablishthetraditionofAmericanDreamAgoodexampleofwhyFranklinis“thefirstAmerican”23ppt课件◆TheAutobiography—firstofi

Puritanism’sinfluence[apuritandocument:arecordofself-examinationandself-improvement(timetable,thirteenvirtues,lifestyle);aconvincingillustrationofthePuritanethic(beingindustrious,frugalandprudent)]Enlightenmentspirits[aneloquentelucidationofthefactthatFranklinwasspokesmanforenlightenmentandthatherepresentedinAmericaallitsideas

Style:simple,clearinorder,directandconcisePopular,stillwell-readtoday,hisvaluesandstyle

influencedlotsofAmericans24ppt课件Puritanism’sinfluence[ap2.2.3OtherRepresentatives●ThomasPaine(1737-1809):

AmericanCrisisandCommonSense●ThomasJefferson(1743-1826):

DeclarationofIndependence●PhilipFreneau(1752-1832)：

Themostimportantpoetinthe18thcentury.“FatherofAmericanPoetry”.“ThepoetoftheRevolution”

ThesymbolofAmericaintheAgeofEnlightenment

25ppt课件2.2.3OtherRepresentatives●TThemostnotablerepresentativeofdawningAmericannationalisminliteratureHispoemspresentedRomanticspiritsbuthisformandtasteweremainlyinfluencedbyClassicismMostfamouspoems:“TheWildHoneySuckle”and“TheIndianBuryingGround”26ppt课件ThemostnotablerepresentaReflectionQuestionsandAssignmentsReflectionQuestions：1HowdidFranklinandhiswritingshelptheformationoftheAmericanDream?2Whatfiguresofspeechareusedin“TheDeclarationofIndependence”?3Analyzeanddiscussthetheme,rhymeschemeandsomedifficultdictionsin“TheWildHoneySuckle”.Assignments：1DiscusstheinfluenceofPuritanisminAmericanliterature,withemphasisontheelementsofPuritanthoughtintheworksofthecolonialwriters.2CompareJonathanEdwardsandBenjaminFranklin.27ppt课件ReflectionQuestionsandAssig28ppt课件28ppt课件Lecture1

TheLiteratureoftheColonialAmericaandofReasonandRevolution29ppt课件Lecture1

TheLiteratureofTeachingObjectivesandRequirements1MakethestudentsknowclearaboutAmericanPuritanismanditsinfluenceonAmericanLiterature.

2Helpthestudentstoknowaboutthemainliteraryform,contentandthemeinColonialAmericaandtherepresentativewritersofthisperiod.

3HelpthestudentsknowabouttheAmericanhistoryofIndependenceWarandtherepresentativesintheperiodofReasonandRevolution,especiallytheirinfluenceonAmericanLiterature.4MakethestudentshaveagoodunderstandingofJonathanEdwardsandBenjaminFranklin.

5MakesurethestudentsunderstandclearlyaboutBenjaminFranklin’sAutobiographyanditsinfluenceonthelatterAmericans.30ppt课件TeachingObjectivesandRequir1LiteratureoftheColonialAmerica(1607-1765)2LiteratureofReasonandRevolution(1765-Endof18thC)31ppt课件1LiteratureoftheColonialA1.1HistoricalBackgroundIn1492,ChristopherColumbusfoundthenewcontinentcalledAmerica.

Spanish(thefirsttownonthenewcontinent)

Dutch(NewYorkcity)

French(French:lotsofpeople’smothertongueinNorthAmerica);

English(firstsettledinJamestownofVirginiain1607)

In1620,thefamous“MayFlower”shipped102PuritanstoPlymouth.32ppt课件1.1HistoricalBackgroundIn1.2PuritanThoughtPuritanism:thepracticesandbeliefsofthePuritans◆Puritans:Calvinists.◆Puritanswantedto“purifythechurch”toitsoriginalstate.◆

TobeaPuritan:

religion—themostimportantthing;livingforglorifyingGod;believingpredestination,originalsin,totaldepravity,limitedatonement33ppt课件1.2PuritanThoughtPuritanism:◆LifestyleofPuritans:

pious

austereoftaste

diligent

thrift

rigidsenseofmorality

self-reliant34ppt课件6ppt课件AmericanPuritanism:thepractices

and

beliefs

oftheAmericanPuritans◆AmericanPuritanswereoriginallymembersofadivisionoftheProtestantChurch,whocameintoexistenceinthereignsofQueenElizabethandKingJamesI.◆Theywereagroupofserious,religiouspeople,advocatinghighlyreligiousandmoralprinciples.Theywantedtopurifytheirreligiousbeliefsandpractices.TheycametoAmericaoutofvariousreasons.35ppt课件AmericanPuritanism:thepr◆Theywereidealists,believingthechurchshouldberestoredtocomplete“purity”anddreamingthattheywouldbuildthenewlandtoanEdenonearth.Theyacceptedthedoctrineofpredestination,

originalsin,totaldepravity,andlimitedatonementthroughaspecialinfusionofgracefromGod.ButinthegrimstruggleforsurvivalaftertheirarrivalinAmerica,theybecamemoreandmorepractical.◆AmericanPuritans’liveswereextremelydisciplinedandhard.Theydroveoutoftheirsettlementsallthoseopinionsthatseemeddangeroustothem.36ppt课件◆Theywereidealists,believi◆Asacultureheritage,AmericanPuritanismdidhaveaprofoundinfluenceontheearlyAmericanmind.ItalsohadanenduringinfluenceonAmericanliterature.ItwasoneofthemostenduringshapinginfluencesinAmericanthoughtandAmericanliterature.Ithadbecome,tosomeextent,somuchastateofmind,somuchapartofthenationalculturalatmosphere,ratherthanasetoftenets.37ppt课件◆Asacultureheritage,AmeriInfluenceofAmericanPuritanismonliterature◆BasisofAmericanliterature:

thedreamofbuildinganEdenofGardenonearth◆Beinginstrumentalincallingintobeingaliterarysymbolism(meaningusingsymbolsinliteraryworks.Thesymbolmeanssomethingrepresentingorstandingforabstractdeepmeaning.):lotsofAmericanwriterslikedtoemploysymbolismintheirworks◆Style:

simple,freshanddirect38ppt课件InfluenceofAmericanPuritani1.3ColonialLiteratureGeneralfeatures:◆Humbleorigins:diaries,histories,lettersetc.◆Incontent:servingeitherGodorcolonialexpansionorboth◆Inform:imitatingEnglishliterarytraditions39ppt课件1.3ColonialLiteratureGenera●Representatives◆

CaptainJohnSmith:

thefirstAmericanWriter,ADescriptionofNewEngland(P16)◆

WilliamBradford:

TheHistoryofPlymouthPlantation(P16-17)◆

JohnWinthrop:

TheHistoryofNewEngland,AModelofChristianCharity

40ppt课件●Representatives12ppt课件◆

AnneBradstreet:

firstAmericanwomanpoet;aPuritanpoet;oncecalled“TenthMuse”;herfirstcollectionofpoems,“TheTenthMuseLatelySprungUpinAmerica”wasthefirstbookwrittenbyawomantobepublishedintheUnitedStates;herpoemsmainlyaboutreligiousexperience,familylifeandearlysettlers’lives;herworkalsoservesasadocumentofthestrugglesofaPuritanwifeagainstthehardshipsofNewEnglandcoloniallife,andinsomewayisatestamenttoplightofthewomenoftheage;hermostfamouspoems—“Contemplations”(P17)41ppt课件◆AnneBradstreet:firstAmeri◆

RogerWilliams:oneofthe

greatestPuritandissenters;

beginswiththehistoryofreligioustolerationinAmerica,andthehistoryoftheseparationofchurchandstate.◆

EdwardTaylor:the

best

ofthepuritan

poets;a

meditative

poet;mostofhisworktreated

religiousthemes,withpoemsbaseddirectlyonthe

Psalms>>back42ppt课件◆RogerWilliams:oneoftheg2LiteratureofReasonandRevolution(1765-Endof18thC)2.1

HistoricalBackground2.2RepresentativesintheperiodofReasonandRevolution43ppt课件2LiteratureofReasonandRev●Enlightenment(启蒙运动):◆OriginatedinEuropeinthe17thcentury(1680)◆Resources:Newton’stheory;deism（P28）;Frenchphilosophy(Rousseau,Voltaire)◆Basicprinciples:stressingeducation;stressingReason(Order);employingReasontoreconsiderthetraditionsandsocialrealities;concernsforcivilrights,suchasequalityandsocialjustice44ppt课件●Enlightenment(启蒙运动):16ppt课件◆Significance:accelerating

socialprogress;freeingpeoplefromthelimitationssetbyprevailingPuritanism;makingspiritualpreparationforAmericanRevolution◆Representatives:BenjaminFranklin,ThomasPaine,ThomasJeffersonetc.◆InfluenceonliteratureInform:imitatingEnglishclassical（古典主义）writersIncontent:utilitariantendency(forpoliticaloreducationalpurpose)45ppt课件17ppt课件●AmericanRevolution:◆1775,Lexington,beginningoftheIndependenceWar◆June4th,1776,ThomasJefferson,DeclarationofIndependence◆1778,alliancewithFrance,turningpointforAmericanarmy◆1778,Englisharmysurrendered◆1783,formalrecognitionfromBritaingovernment<<back46ppt课件●AmericanRevolution:<<back18◆Workedasaministerandwasanimportantfigurein“GreatAwakening”(aseriousofreligiousrevivalswhichoccurredinthe1730sand1740sonNorthAmericacontinent)◆Livedandmeditatedinsolitude;wrotesomebooks(TheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefended,TheFreedomofWill,TheNatureofTrueVirtue)(P29)2.2.1JonathanEdwards(1703—1758)47ppt课件◆Workedasaministerandwas◆InfluencedbythenewideasofEnlightenment,suchasempiricism◆Apious

Puritan◆HissenseofGod’soverwhelmingpresenceinnatureandinsoulanticipatedtheTranscendentalism.(P32)◆FirstmodernAmericanandthecountry’slastmedievalman48ppt课件◆Influencedbythenewideas2.2.2

BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)●Life—Jack

ofalltrades：◆Ascientistwithlotsofinventionsandafamousexperiment(kite,electricity,thunderstorm)◆Afamousstatesman(theonlyAmericanwhooncesignedallthefourdocumentsthatcreatedthenewcountry)(P33)◆AnexamplewhomadeAmericanDreamcometrue49ppt课件2.2.2

BenjaminFranklin(1706-●Literaryworks：◆PoorRichard’sAlmanac《穷查理的年历》Modeledonfarmers’annualcalendar;keptpublishingformanyyears;includesmanyclassicalsayings,suchas“Apennysavedisapennyearned.”(P34)50ppt课件●Literaryworks：22ppt课件◆TheAutobiography—first

ofitskindin

literature：

Writingwhenhewas65AnintroductionofhislifetohisownsonIncludingfourpartswrittenindifferenttimeTellingreaderstodaywhatlifewasin18thcenturyAmerica,areflectionof18thcenturyidealismThepreeminentworkthatmythologizesaherooftheAmericanrevolutionTheonlyenduringtokenthatenshrin