高考英语北京卷逐题解析

2017年高中高考英语北京卷逐题分析2017年高中高考英语北京卷逐题分析50/50蒅PAGE50膆螁膂螄芀虿袆莂蚄薄羁蚄荿薆芇蚀莆膄蚀蚄葿袈蚈膃袄螃螃薄蕿聿袅蒁薆莂蒂蒄蕿芀芆蝿羃芅芁莄虿芇蚆芁螅袄芃芄蝿蒈肇蕿膃蒃肂膅衿虿蒈膁袅肂袁肅罿蚆薅荿莃蚁蚀肅肈袇羆羁肅蒅蚃羅膈腿莇艿蒃肄蒂袅膈莀螈螂芅蚃膁螅芈莇腿肀蚂节芄蚅莈薈莅薂莄袁羂薅蒈蝿螆袀膆螄螁蒆薈螆膇蒂薄莃薀蒆蚈羇薈螀芆羂薃莆螇芈蚅节螄薁莂芆螇蒀肆薀蒆莅肁膆膁蒇蒇衿袄羄膄肆芁蚈袈莁蚅薃袃羆莁衿艿虿肃膂蚁袆蒁袆莅膁螅螁蒀袇蒁肇螆葿芃蚄蒃螇薁芈膇肁羅芃节蚇蚀蕿薈荿蒃袂肁薇螀蒇螅袁膅蒂螀蒇袀螈膆膀薃莅袃莇羀罿薇蚂芄羄薂芇羀膀羈羀螂薃莀芇肀膇莈薂蒄膂莃袄膀莈蒅螀膆螁膂螄芀虿袆莂蚄薄羁蚄荿薆芇蚀莆膄蚀蚄葿袈蚈膃袄螃螃薄蕿聿袅蒁薆莂蒂蒄蕿芀芆蝿羃芅芁莄虿芇蚆芁螅袄芃芄蝿蒈肇蕿膃蒃肂膅衿虿蒈膁袅肂袁肅罿蚆薅荿莃蚁蚀肅肈袇羆羁肅蒅蚃羅膈腿莇艿蒃肄蒂袅膈莀螈螂芅蚃膁螅芈莇腿肀蚂节芄蚅莈薈莅薂莄袁羂薅蒈蝿螆袀膆螄螁蒆薈螆膇蒂薄莃薀蒆蚈羇薈螀芆羂薃莆螇芈蚅节螄薁莂芆螇蒀肆薀蒆莅肁膆膁蒇蒇衿袄羄膄肆芁蚈袈莁蚅薃袃羆莁衿艿虿肃膂蚁袆蒁袆莅膁螅螁蒀袇蒁肇螆葿芃蚄蒃螇薁芈膇肁羅芃节蚇蚀蕿薈荿蒃袂肁薇螀蒇螅袁膅蒂螀蒇袀螈膆膀薃莅袃莇羀罿薇蚂芄羄薂芇羀膀羈羀螂薃莀芇肀膇莈薂蒄膂莃袄膀莈蒅螀膆螁膂螄芀虿袆莂蚄薄羁蚄荿薆芇蚀莆膄蚀蚄葿袈蚈膃袄螃螃薄蕿聿袅蒁薆莂蒂蒄蕿芀芆蝿羃芅芁莄虿芇蚆芁螅袄芃芄蝿蒈肇蕿膃蒃肂膅衿虿蒈膁袅肂袁肅罿蚆薅荿莃蚁蚀肅肈袇羆羁肅蒅蚃羅膈腿莇艿蒃肄蒂袅膈莀螈螂芅蚃膁螅芈莇腿肀蚂节芄蚅莈薈莅薂莄袁羂薅蒈蝿螆袀膆螄螁蒆薈螆膇蒂薄莃薀蒆蚈羇薈螀芆羂薃莆螇芈蚅节螄薁莂芆螇蒀肆薀蒆莅肁膆膁蒇蒇衿袄羄膄肆芁蚈袈莁蚅薃袃羆莁衿艿虿肃膂蚁袆蒁袆莅膁螅螁蒀袇蒁肇螆葿芃蚄蒃螇薁芈膇肁羅芃节蚇蚀蕿薈荿蒃袂肁薇螀蒇螅袁膅蒂螀蒇袀螈膆膀薃莅袃莇羀罿薇蚂芄羄薂芇羀膀羈羀螂薃莀芇肀膇莈薂蒄膂莃袄膀莈蒅螀膆螁膂螄芀虿袆莂蚄薄羁蚄荿薆芇蚀莆膄蚀蚄葿袈蚈膆袄螆螃蒈蕿羂袅莄薆莅蒂莈蕿芄芆蚂羃腿芁芈虿膁蚆芅螅螈芃膈蝿蒂肇蒃膃莇肂膈衿蚃蒈肅袅羆袁肈罿蚀薅莃2017年高中高考英语北京卷逐题分析2017年一般高等学校全国招生一致考试（北京卷）

英语

本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必然答案答在答题卡上，在试

卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案

转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应地址。听完每段对话后，学￥科网你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Whatisthemangoingtoread?A.Anewspaper.B.Amagazine.C.Abook.答案是A1.Whenwillthefilmstart?A.At5:00.B.At6:00.C.At7:00.2.Whichclubwillthemanjoin?A.Thefilmclub.B.Thetravelclub.C.Thesportsclub.3.Whatwastheweatherlikeinthemountainsyesterday?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Snowy.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttocutoutofpaper?A.Afish.B.Abird.C.Amonkey.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Atabookstore.C.Inamuseum.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应地址。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6短资料，回答第6至7题。Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?

Tomakeaninvitation.

Toaskforinformation.

Todiscussaholidayplan.

Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopayfortheminibus?

A.$50.B.$150.C.$350.听第7段资料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatarethetwosperkersmainlytalkingabout?A.Electronicwaste.B.Soilpollution.C.Recylingbenefits.9.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodowithhercellhponeintheend?A.Throwitaway.B.Keepitathome.C.Sellittoberecycled.听第8段资料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthesperkers?A.Friends.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Businesspartners.11.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Inaschool.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inatravelagency.12.Whatarethetwosperkersgoingtodo?A.Totakeatrip.B.Tohaveacoffee.C.Toattendameeting.听第9段资料，回答第13至15题。13.Whathasbeenimprovedaccordingtothespeaker?A.Thetrainstation.B.Thebusservice.C.Theparkinglot.14.Howdoesthespeakergettoherofficetoday?A.Bybusandonfoot.B.Bytrainandbybus.C.Bytrainandonfoot.15.Whoisthespeaker?A.Areporter.B.Apoliceman.C.Aphotographer.第三节（共5小题；每题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成16至20五道小题，每题仅填一个词。听对话前，你将有20．．秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。Pick-upAppointmentFormItem（物品）A16andsomemagazinesDestinationOverseasto17Delivery■Air□regularTimetopickup5:00afternoonPackingAmediumboxCustomer'sinformation1989Street,Chicago,20Tel:4159786第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每题1分，共15分）

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题

卡大将该项涂黑。

21.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,_________easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.

【答案】C

【分析】察看神情动词。Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书，表示能

力，用

can，应选

C。

22.Peter,pleasesenduspostcards________we

Noproblem.

’llknowwhereyouhavevisited.

【答案】

D

【分析】察看连词。Peter，请给我们寄明信片，因此我们就会知道你们去哪旅游过。前后

因果关系，用so，应选D。

23.Everyyear,________makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.

【答案】

B

【分析】察看时态。每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。主语从句，

依照意思可知答案，应选B。________thatcompanytoseehowtheythinkofourproductyesterday?

Yes.Theyarehappywithit.

【答案】A

【分析】察看时态。你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？发

生在过去，用过去式，应选A。

25.________birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.

【答案】C

【分析】察看连词。尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来遨游，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途，前后之

间是退步关系，应选C。

26.Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing________shewasheading.

【答案】

B

【分析】察看连词。Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，

依照句

意可知选B。

Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonline________theirvaluabletime.

【答案】C

【分析】察看非谓语动词。好多航空公司现在赞同乘客网上打印他们的登机牌来节约时间，

动词不定式表目的，选C。

Ifyoudon’understandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople

________youfigureitout.

【答案】C

【分析】察看连词。若是你无法理解某个东西，你可能会研究，学习和他人商议直到你解决

为止，依照句意可知选C。

Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphones

________yet.’tinvented’tbeeninvented

C.hadn’tinventedD.hadn’tbeeninvented

【答案】D

【分析】察看时态。在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，而且

无线电话还根本没有发明出来。依照句意可知用被动语态，消除AC，事情发生在过去，与

现在没关，消除B，应选D。

30.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,________frombutterfliestoelephants.

【答案】A

【分析】察看非谓语动词。国家公园有好多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生

动物和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，应选A。

Thelittleproblems________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.

【答案】A

【分析】察看连词。我们在平常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语

从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。

32.Jimhasretired,buthestillrememberthehappytime________withhisstudents.

【答案】D

【分析】察看非谓语动词。依照句意：吉姆已经退休了，但他依旧记得与学生在一起的快乐

岁月。此处需要用分词修饰happytime，time与spend之间为被动关系，用过去分词，应选

D。

33.People________betteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,andthey’relivinglongera

result.

【答案】B

【分析】察看时态。人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险，结果他们更长寿。与过去比较是现在，

而且后一句用的就是现在时态，故前面也用现在时态，应选B。

34.Ifthenewsafetysystem________touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.

【答案】A

【分析】考虚气。若是个新的安全系被投入使用的，个事故就不会生了。

依照主句确定是去情况的虚，因此从句用

haddone形式，句意又是被，故

A。

35.Manypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealiving________fishingindustry.

【答案】

B

【分析】考介。依照句意：多住在海上的人都是在个域生的。makealivingin⋯industry，“在某个域生”，故B。

第二完形填空（共20小；每小1.5分，共30分）

下面短文，掌握其马虎，从每所的A、B、C、D四此中，出最正确，

并在答卡大将涂黑。

HannahTaylorisaschoolgirlfromManitoba,Canadafiveyearsold,shewaswalkingwith

hermotherwhyhedidthatandhermothersaidthatthemanwashomelessandhungryHannah

wasvery____37____shecouldnotunderstandwhysomepeoplehadtolivetheirliveswithout

shelterorfoodHannahStartedtothinkabouthowshecould____38____heisnotalotonefive-year-oldcandotosolvethehungryofhomelessness.awomen,madeHannahverysad,andevenmoretohermotheraboutthelivesofhomelesstochangetheproblemthatmadehersad,shewouldn’t____43____asbad.HannahbegantospeakoutaboutthehomelessnessinManitobaandthatinotherprovinces.Shehopedto____44____hermessageofhopestartedtheLadybugFoundation,anorganizationaimingatgettingoutofhomeless.Shebeganto____45____“BigBosses”lunches,whereshewouldtrytopersuadelocalbusinessleadersto____46____tothecause.Shealsoorganizedafundraising(募捐)drivein“LadybugJars”tocollecteveryone'ssparechangeduring"MakeChange"month.Morerecently,thefoundationbegananother____47____

calledNationalRedScarfDay—adaywhenpeopledonate$20andwearredscarvesinsupport

ofCanada’s____48____andhomeless.

ThereisanemergencyshelterinWinnipegcalled’sPlace“Hannah,”somethingthatHannah’isvery____49____of.HannahsPlaceisdividedintoseveralareas,providingshelterforpeople

Hannahbeganheractivities,shehasreceivedalotof____51____.Forexample,shereceivedthe

2007BRICKAwardrecognizingthe____52____ofyoungpeopleto____53____allthis,Hannahstillhasthe____54____lifeofaWinnipegschoolgirl,exceptthatshepaysregularvisitstohomelesspeople.Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewhoaremakinga____55____intheworld.Youcan,too!2.53.

【答案】

36-40BDCAD

41-44BACDC

46-50AABCB

51-55ADCCD

【分析】

本文述HannahTaylor通自己的努力来建立公益筹集金帮助那些无家可忍

挨的人。

36.考。

吃

哭

个人从垃圾桶里西吃，依照后文的

hungry

可知答案

B。

37.考形容。A.annoyed生气的B.nervous的C.ashamed惭愧的D.upset的。

Hannah很，D。

38.考。A.behave表,行止B.manage成功做C.help帮助D.work工作。Hannah

开始思虑她如何能帮到他，故C。

D.holding握。物必然是推着

的，故A。

40.考名。A.goods物B.bottles瓶子C.foods食品D.bags包。上堆了包，D。

感谢的。她更加下定信心把件事做好，故B。

42.考。A.since自从B.unless除非C.although尽管D.as因。此是指自从他第一次看到无家可的人，A。43.察看。依照前文

Hannah的帮助他人不会她感和以前一糟糕，

可知

feel

最吻合境，故

C。

察看。A.exchange交，B.leave走开，C.keep保持，D.spread播。依照句意，

它希望她的希冀可以播开来，故D。

察看。本句表达的意思是Hannah在午餐活，可知host最吻合境，故C。

46.察看。依照句意：她那些商能献力量。

做献”吻合境，故A。

contribute⋯“to⋯⋯⋯

D.trial。此指又一

运，故

A。

年大的的C.lonely孤独的D.sick生病的。此处是指为那些饥饿的人和无家可归的人，选

B。

49.察看形容词。

意识的

害怕的

骄傲的

D.sure必然的。

此处是指

Hannah特别骄傲的东西，应选

C。

50.察看动词。

睡

玩。当天冷到在室外

睡觉就意味着死的时候，应选

B。

51.察看名词。A.praises赞美B.invitations邀请C.replies回复D.appointments约会。她收到了好多的赞美。因为下文有这方面的举例，答案为

A。

52.察看名词。

兴趣

D.efforts努力。此处是指

这个奖项是为了认可年轻人改变这个世界所作出的努力，应选

D。

53.察看介词。

为了

经过

其他

沿着。但是除了所

有的这些之外，

Hannah依旧过着

Winnipeg

学校一名女生的一般的生活。选

C

54.察看形容词。

健康的

公共的

正常的，一般的

困难的。依照上题题意可知答案为

C。

55.察看名词。A.choice选择B.profit利润C.judgement判断D.difference不同样。此处为固定短语：makeadifference：起作用，有影响，选D。

第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每题2分，共30分）

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡

大将该项涂黑。

A

ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm,

Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered(发抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.

Thetwodidn’tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.

Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground,

“Paris

’seyerolledback,

”

Taylorsays.

“Shesta

Iknewitwasanemergency.”

Itcertainlywas,Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,

Pariswoulddie.

“DoesanyoneknowCPR?

”

CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson

’schestsothatblood

quickly.

thinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegan

doingCPR,“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,”saysTaylo

Taylorgettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevices(

器械)thatcanshockthe

heartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris

’heartbeatreturned.

“IknowIwasreallylucky,

”Parissaysnow.

“Mostpeopledon

mylife”

ExpertssayParisisright:Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalis

havingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.

nurse.

“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,

”Taylorsays.

“IknowIcanactunderpressure

ascarysituation.”WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?A.Shecaughtabadcold.

WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?

WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?A.Enthusiasticandkind.

B.Courageousandcalm.

C.Cooperativeandgenerous.

D.Ambitiousandprofessional.【答案】56B57C58B

【分析】

本文表达TaylorBisbee经过CPR挽救了一名学生的生命的故事。

56.B事实细节题。依照第三段第一行的“Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure”可

知。

57.C事实细节题。依照文中倒数第二段“ExpertssayParisisright⋯quickly”可知。58.B推理判断题。依照文中Taylor可以迅速给伙伴做CPR可知她既沉稳又勇敢。BInspiringyoungminds!

TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’publishing,bringingaunique

combinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.

WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine?Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—

insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbecomeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy（哲学）

—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.

What’sinside?

Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake—themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.

Soundstoogoodtobetrue?

Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthing

whentheyseeitandrecommendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.

HappyBirthdayAllYear!

Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepscomingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?The

firstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.

SUBSCRIBENOW

AnnualSubscription

Europe￡55RestofWorld￡65AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPack

IncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscription

Europe￡60RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoney

back.

WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A.Itentertainsyoungparents.

B.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements.C.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions.D.Itcombinesfunwithcomplexconcepts.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?A.Onlinecourses.

B.Articlesonnewtopics.

C.Lecturesonabalancedlife.

D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.

Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-mouthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?

A.￡55.B.￡60.C.￡65.D.￡70.

【答案】59D60B61D62B

【分析】

试题分析：文章介绍了一本杂志TOKNOWMagazine。

TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibleto

children可知，TOKNOW使复杂的理论变得拥有吸引力，可以被孩子们接受，应选D。

Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwith

articles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake可知，每个月杂志都会用文章，实验，创新作来

引出新话题，应选B。

所在部分可知答案是D。

62.依照文章最后一句“thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.”可知，28天内可全额退款，应选B。

C

Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearly

wipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).But

thediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementand

misinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreported

intheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.

vaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.

Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”which,protectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthose

whocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleon

whomthevaccinedoesn’twork.

vaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.

That’exactlyswhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrange

County,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea

17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.

Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmall

risk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.

parentstogetanexemption（宽免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonally

objecttoavaccine.

noonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.

opinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey

existonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.

63.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____________.

’ll

Herdimmunityworkswellwhen_________.

exemptionsareallowed

severalvaccinesareusedtogether

thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin

newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws

Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?

Theoveruseofvaccine.

Thelackofmedicalcare.

Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.

Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.

Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

Tointroducetheideaofexemption.

Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.

Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.

Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.

【答案】63A64C65D66C

【分析】

本文表达麻疹在历史上造成的危害及现状，以及以致病例上升的原因。

63.A事实细节题。依照第二段第一句“Thenumbermightsoundsmall,buttheyarethe

leadingedgeofadangeroustrend”可知，应选A。

C事实细节题。依照第三段第一行“Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin”可知，应选C。

65.D事实细节题。依照文中可知麻疹的再次流行是因为人们抵制注射疫苗，应选D。

C目的推断题。本文介绍了麻疹的再次流行是因为人们反对注射疫苗的原因，旨在强

调注射疫苗的重要性。其他选项与题意不符，应选C。

D

mathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics,putitthisway:“Ifwtoachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干预),wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposewhichwereallydesire.”Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-born,norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratingthemindsof

firewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.

Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecure

againstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.

SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnot

theproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnot

intelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933,famousphysicistErnestRutherford

“switchthemoff

stated,withconfidence,

“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationofthese

atomsistalkingmoonshine.”However,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedthe

neutron-induced(中子引诱)nuclearchainreaction.

67.Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay_________.

’srealdesires

Machineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeableto_________.

Accordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallsto_________.

’affectingtheworld

Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A.ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.

B.Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.

C.Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.

【答案】

67A68A69D70C

【分析】

本文述人工智强者生活的影响，以及可能会的。

事。依照第一段第二行“Therealproblemrelates

⋯wereally”可want知，故

A。

事。依照文中第二段第二行“awishtopreserveitsownexistence”可知，故

A。

事。依照文中第三段第三行“usingthemtoanswer⋯therealworld”可知，

故D。

事。依照最后一段第一句“Solvingthesafetyproblem⋯butnoteasy”可知，

故C。第二节（共

5小题；每题

2分，共

10分）

依照短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。

选项中有两项为

节余选项。

knowthat,while

awake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.

Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经

元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestofromthenextday.

____73____

Nowweh