山东省济南一中2022届高三上学期期末检测 名师获奖

山东省济南一中2022届高三上学期期末检测英语试题注意事项：1．本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2．答题前，考生务必用毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。3．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。4．第Ⅱ卷必须用毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域相应的位置；不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写下新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（共105分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inataxi.B.Onastreet.C.Intheoffice.2.Whenwillthemanprobablybebackintheoffice?A.Onthe28th.B.Onthe29th.C.Onthe30th.3.WhatisthebesttimetovisitHarbinaccordingtotheman?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Breathefreshairinruralareas.B.Visitsomebeautifulplacesfromtimetotime.C.Walkinthecountryfromtimetotime.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Coachandathlete.第二节（共15小题；每题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段材料，回答第6-8小题。6.Whatwillthetwospeakerstalkaboutthistime?A.Frontpage.B.Sportspage.C.Ads.7.Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrowafternoon?A.Meetafriend.B.Attendameeting.C.Gototheairport..8.Whenwillthetwospeakersmeettomorrow?A.At2:30pm.B.At3pm.C.At4:30pm.听下面一段材料，回答第9-11小题。9.Whatwasthemanprobablydoingjustnow?A.Playingamatch.B.Doingexercise.C.Doinghousework.10.What’sthematterwiththeman?A.Hisleftfoothurtsalot.B.Hislegisprobablybroken.C.Hisrightfootisbroken.11.Whowillgotothehospitalwiththeman?A.Hisparents.B.Theteamdoctor.C.Thewoman.听下面一段材料，回答第12-14小题。12.What’stheman’sprobablenationality?A.American.B.French.C.English.13.Whousuallypay(s)theeducationfeesforthestudentsintheman’scountry?A.Thestate.B.Theirparents.C.Theschools.14.Whichismentionedaboutthebenefitsofhavingastudentcard?A.Freeexhibitiontickets.B.Cheaprailtravel.C.Cheapbustickets.听下面一段材料，回答第15-17小题。15.Whydoesthemanwanttoleaveschool?A.Heistiredofstudy.B.Histeachersandclassmatesadvisehimtodoso.C.Hewantstotravelaroundtakingphotos.16.Whatdotheman’sparentswanthimtostudyincollege?A.Photography.B.Law.C.Biology.17.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Gotocollegetostudyphotography.B.Persuadehisparentstosupporthisdecision.C.Talkwithhisteacherabouthisproblem.听下面一段材料，回答第18-20小题。18.Whyistheexhibitionmostattractivetotourists?A.Thepriceoftheentranceticketsisreasonable.B.Itprovidesaguidetourforfree.C.ItbringsShakespeare’slifetotheworld.19.Howlongdoestheexhibitionopeneveryday?A.Forsixhours.B.Forsevenhours.C.Foreighthours.20.Whatdoesafamilyticketinclude?A.Twoadultsandonechild.B.Twoadultsandtwochildren.C.Twoadultsandthreechildren.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节,满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.—Excuseme,whatcanIdoforyou?—Yes.I'dliketoplace____advertisementfor_____usedcarinyourpaper. A.the;aB.an;/ C.an;aD./;the22.Wegotlostintheforestanddecidedtoremain_____wewereandwaitedforrescue． A．howB．whatC．where D．who23.____goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalShandongCuisine． A．FarfromB．RegardlessofC.InsteadofD．Apartfrom24.—I'mtryingtofindyesterday'snewspaper.Haveyouseenit? —I'mafraidthatI______itaway.Ithoughtyouhadfinishedreadingit. A.threwB.hadthrownC.throwD.willthrow25.Advertisingcaninfluenceconsumers'moods,______,inturn,caninfluenceconsumers'reactionstoproducts. A.thatB.whichC.where D.when26.Why____togoabroadtostudywhentherearesomanygooduniversitiesathome?A.imagineB.botherC.considerD.prevent27.BothClass3andourclasswon'tbeabletofinishtheworkunlessthey___eachother.A.teamupwithB.comeupwithC.putupwithD.catchupwith28.—I'llcallyou______IarriveinShenzhen． —Thanks,andgoodluck． A．while B．untilC．as D．once29.Afirebrokeoutinthebuildingat7:30onTuesdaymorning,____inthedeathofayounggirl.A.havingresultedB.resultedC.beingresultedD.resulting30.You_____readabookinthesun—it'lldoharmtoyoureyes． A．couldn'tB．wouldn'tC．needn'tD．mustn't31.Thesurvey____inourschoollastmonthshowsthataboutthreepercentofthestudentsareaddictedtotheInternetgames.A.conductedB.wasconductedC.conductingD.tobeconducted32.—Whydomanypeoplekeepdogsaspets?—Becausetheyareour____friendsandtheyneverdeserttheirmasters. A．wise B．brave C．loyal D．handsomebyseizingeverypossible_____topracticecanyoupossiblyhopetoimproveyourspokenEnglish. A．solution B．opportunity C．experience D．touch34.Hisunclewentabroadin2022,and_______since． A．hasnotbeenheardof B．hadnotbeenheardof C．hadnotheardof D．hasnotheardof35.—Let'shaveagameoftennis;theloserhastotreattheothertoahotdog．—. A．I'mafraidsoB．It'sadealC．You'vegotapointD．Mytreat第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。DashofHope"Dash"isasymbolwhichrepresentseverydaywe'vespentaliveonearth.Therefore,howyouspendyour"dash"isimportant.RecentlyI36aboutalittlegirlnamedHope.Afterlearningmoreaboutherlife,Icouldn'thelpbutfeelitwasnotby37,norhappenstance（意外事件）,thatshehadbeennamed"Hope".Thestrongfeelingofsympathyandgenerosity38inheryoungheartmadealastingimpressiononmeandcountlessothers.39Ineverhadtheopportunitytomeether,IwishIhad.ItseemsasHopewasatwelve-year-oldgirlwhowas40a"wish"inearlyDecember2022bythe"Make-A-Wish"Foundationafterbeing41thatshehadararetypeofbonecancer.However,whenshefoundoutthatmorethan15042inherareawerewaitingfortheirwishestobeachieved,sheunselfishlyusedherwishto43thatthosechildrenhavetheirwishesgranted.Shealsoaskedthatitbedone44January16,2022.Unfortunately,however,theorganizationinformedherthather45requestcouldnotbegrantedasthefundsweresimply46.Theycalculatedthattheywouldneedtoraisemorethanone47dollarsinthirtydaysinordertograntherwish.48,butnotdiscouraged,sheturnedherdisappointmentintoanenthusiasmthatinspiredcaring49totakeuphelpinggrantthewishesoftheotherchildren,andeventually50aswell.NewspapercolumnistsandreportersforradioandTVstations51thestoryofthiscaringyounggirlwhohad52theheartsofsomanyandaswordspread,thecommunitywaschallenged.Committeeswerefannedandschools,corporationsandvariousorganizationsassistedinHereffortswerenotinvainastheycontinuetohelpothers,notonly54,butspirituallyandemotionallyaswell.Atthegatheringtocelebrateherlife,"ACelebrationofHope"onJanuary16,2022,the55wasmadethattheyhadindeedreceiveddonationstotalingmorethanonemilliondollars.Herwishhadbeengranted!36.A.heardB.thought C.cared D.talked37.A.coincidence B.independence C.convenience D.intelligence38.A.lost B.carried C.expected D.housed39.A.Until B.Unless C.Though D.If40.A.expressed B.offered C.made D.sent41.A.recognized B.informed C.reminded D.understood42.A.children B.citizens C.villagers D.relatives43.A.suggest B.ask C.arrange D.order44.A.for B.to C.on D.by45.A.final B.formal C.simple D.noble46.A.unbearable B.unbelievable C.unavailable D.uncomfortable47.A.thousand B.hundred C.million D.billion48.A.Disappointed B.Surprised C.Worried D.Embarrassed49.A.committees B.individuals C.corporations D.organizations50.A.theirs B.ours C.hers D.yours51.A.wrote B.read C.broadcast D.shared52.A.touched B.examined C.won D.opened53.A.finding B.spending C.raising D.borrowing54.A.perfectly B.physically C.healthily D.thankfully55.A.proposal B.decision C.conclusion D.announcement第三部分阅读理解（共30小题；每小题分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Forcenturies,thebody'sbloodhasbeenlinkedcloselywiththeemotions．Peoplewhoshownohumanemotionsorfeelings,aresaidtobecold-bloodedkiller．Forexample,thepolicearesearchingforacold-bloodedkiller．Heseemstokillfornoreason,andnoemotion,asiftakingsomeone'slifeasnothing． Coldcanaffectotherpartsofthebody．Theexpression"getcoldfeet"hasnothingtodowithcoldoryourfeet．Theexpressionmeansbeingafraidtodosomethingyouhavedecidedtodo．Forexample,youagreetobepresidentofanorganization．Butthenyoulearnthatalltheotherofficershaveresigned,andalltheworkoftheorganizationswillbeyourresponsibility．Youarelikelytogetcoldfeetaboutbeingpresidentwhenyouunderstandthesituation． Theexpression"givesomeonethecoldshoulder"probablycomesfromthephysicalactofturningyourbacktowardsomeone,insteadofspeakingtohimfacetoface．Youmaygiveacoldshouldertoafriendwhohasnotkeptapromisehemadetoyou．Or,tosomeonewhohasliedaboutyoutoothers． Acoldfishisnotafish．Itisaperson．Butitisapersonwhoisunfriendly,unemotionalandshowsnoloveorwarmth．Acoldfishdoesnotoffermuchofhimselftoanyone．Someonewhoisacoldfishcouldbecold-hearted．Nowacold-heartedpersonissomeonewhohasnosympathy．Severalpopularsongsinrecentyearswereaboutcold-heartedmenorcold-heartedwomenwho,withoutfeelings,broketheheartsoftheirlovers． "Outinthecold"meansnotgettingsomethingthateverybodyelsegot．Apersonmightsaythateverybodybuthimgotapayraise——hewasleftoutinthecold．Anditisnotapleasantplacetobe．56．Thereare_____expressionsrelatedtocoldthatarementionedinthepassage．A．3B．4C．657．Whenyourefusetospeaktoamanandtreathiminadistantway,youmayexpressby"_____"． A．Igivehimthecoldshoulder B．Ithinkheisacold-bloodedman C．Ithinkheisacoldfish D．I'mlikelytogetcoldfeet58．IfSueshowsabsolutelynoreactiontothoseawfulpicturesofstarvingchildreninAfrica,youwillsay______． A．sheisacold-bloodedkiller B．shegetscoldfeet C．sheisacoldfish D．sheisoutinthecold59．Wecanusetheexpression"_____"todescribeamanwhoabandonsorhurtshisloverwithoutmercy． A．cold-blooded B．coldshoulder C．coldfeetD．cold-hearted60．Thetopicofthispassageisabout_____． A．therelationshipbetweencoldandourbody B．someexpressionsaboutfriendship C．someexpressionsconnectedwithcold D．howcoldweathercomesintobeingBBabygirlsmaketheirwaydirectlyfordollsassoonastheycancrawl,whileboyswillheadforthetoycars,astudyhasshown.Thefindings,thefirsttoshowdifferencesinveryyoungbabies,suggestthereisabiologicalbasistotheirpreferences.PsychologistsDrBrendaToddfromCityUniversityLondoncarriedoutanexperimentinvolving90infantsagedninemonthsto36months.Thebabieswereallowedtochoosefromseventoys.Somewerestereotypicallyboys'toys-acar,adigger,aballandablueteddy.Therestweregirls’toys:apinkteddy,adollandacookingset.Theywereplacedameterawayfromthetoys,andcouldpickwhichevertoytheyliked.Theirchoiceandtheamountoftimetheyspentplayingwitheachtoywererecorded.Oftheyoungestchildren(nineto14months),girlsspentsignificantlylongerplayingwiththedollthanboys,andboysspentmuchmoretimewiththecarandballthanthegirlsdid.Amongthetwo-andthree-year-olds,girlsspent50percentofthetimeplayingwiththedollwhileonlytwoboysbrieflytouchedit.Theboysspentalmost90percentoftheirtimeplayingwithcars,whichthegirlsbarelytouched.Therewasnolinkbetweentheparents’viewonwhichtoysweremoreappropriateforboysorgirls,andthechildren’schoice.DrBrendaToddsaid:“Childrenofthisagearealreadyexposedtomuchsocialization.Boysmaybegiven‘toysthatgo’whilegirlsgettoystheycancarefor,whichmayhelpshapetheirpreference.Butthesefindingsagreewiththeformerideathatchildrenshownaturalinterestsinparticularkindsoftoys.Therecouldbeabiologicalbasisfortheirchoices.Malesthroughevolutionhavebeenadaptedtoprefermovingobjects,probablythroughhuntinginstincts（本能）,whilegirlspreferwarmercolorssuchaspink,thecolorofanewbornbaby.”61．Babyboysandgirlshavedifferenttoypreferencesprobablybecause. A．babyboysaremuchmoreactive B．babygirlslikebrightcolorsmore C．theirparentstreatthemdifferently D．thereisanaturaldifferencebetweenthem62．Bothbabyboysandbabygirlsliketoplaywithaccordingtothestudy. A．aball B．ateddy C．acar D．adoll63．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3? A．Nine-month-oldbabyboysdon’tplaywithdollsatall. B．Two-year-oldbabygirlssometimesplaywithcarsandballs. C．Theolderthebabiesare,themoreobvioustheirpreferenceis. D．Parentsshouldteachtheirbabiestoshareeachother’stoys.64．WhatconclusiondidDr.BrendaTodddrawfromtheresultsofthestudy? A．Adultspurposelyinfluencetheirbabiespreference. B．Babies’preferenceisn’taffectedbysocialsurroundings. C．Babyboyspreferringtomovingtoyswillbegoodathunting. D．Babygirlspreferringwarmercolorswillbewarm-hearted.65．Wemayreadthisarticleinasectionofanewspaper. A．science B．healthC.educationD．entertainmentC MostAmericanstudentsgototraditionalpublicschools．Thereareabout88,000publicschools,allovertheUS．Somestudentsattendabout3000independentpublicschoolscalledcharterschools． Charterschoolsareself-governing．Privatecompaniesoperatesomecharterschools．Theyaresimilarinsomewaystotraditionalpublicschools．Theyreceivetaxmoneyjustasotherpublicschoolsdo．Charterschoolsmustprovetolocalorstategovernmentsthattheirstudentsarelearning．Thesegovernmentsprovidetheschoolswiththeagreementcalledacharterthatpermitsthemtooperate． Charterschoolsaredifferentbecausetheydonothavetoobeymostlawsgoverningtraditionalpublicschools．Local,state,orfederalgovernmentscannottellthemwhattoteach．Eachschoolcanchooseitsowngoalsanddecidethewaysitwantstoreachthem．Classsizeisusuallysmallerthanintraditionalpublicschools． TheBushAdministrationstronglysupportscharterschoolsasawaytore-organizepublicschoolsthatarefailingtoeducatestudents．Butsomeeducationagenciesandunionsopposecharterschools．Oneteachers'unionhasjustmadepublictheresultsofthefirstnationalstudycomparingtheprogressofstudentsintraditionalschoolsandcharterschools． TheAmericanFederationofTeacherscriticizedthegovernment'sdelayinreleasingtheresultsofthestudy,whichiscalledtheNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgress．Unioneducationexpertssaythestudyshowsthatcharterschoolstudentsperformedworseonmathandreadingteststhanstudentsinregularpublicschools． Someexpertssaythestudyisnotafairlookatcharterschoolsbecausestudentsinthoseschoolshavemoreproblemsthanstudentsintraditionalschools．Othereducationexpertssaythestudyresultsshouldmakecharterschoolofficialsdemandimprovedstudentprogress．66．Ifaprivatecompanywantstooperateacharterschool,itmust______． A．trynewmethodsofteaching B．proveitsmanagementability C．obeythelocalandstatelaws D．getthegovernment'spermission67．Charterschoolsareindependentbecause_____． A．theymakegreaterprogress B．theirclasssizeissmaller C．theyenjoymorefreedomD．theyopposetraditionalways68．What'sthegovernment'sattitudetowardcharterschools? A.DoubtfulB.Supportive.C.Subjective．D.Optimistic．69．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext? A．Morestudentschoosetoattendcharterschools． B．Charterschoolsarebetterthantraditionalschools． C．Studentsincharterschoolsarewelleducated． D．Peoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutcharterschools．70．Itcanbeinterredfromthetextthat___. A．charterschoolsarepartofthepubliceducationsystem B．one-on-oneattentionshouldbepaidtostudents C．thenumberofcharterschoolswillbelimited D．charterschoolsareallprivatelyfinancedDEachnewschoolyearbringsfreshremindersofwhateducatorscallthesummerlearninggap.Somecallitthesummerlearningsetback.Simplyspeaking,itmeansthelongerkidsareoutofschool,themoretheyforget.Theonlythingtheymightgainisweight.MostAmericanschoolsfollowatraditionalnine-monthcalendar.Studentsgetwinterandspringbreaksandabouttenweeksofsummervacation.Someschoolsfollowayear-roundcalendar.Theyholdclassesforabouteightweeksatatime,withafewweeksoffinbetween.TheNationalAssociationforYear-RoundEducationsaystherewerefewerthanthreethousandsuchschoolsatlastcount.Theywerespreadamongforty-sixofthefiftystates.Butmanyexpertspointoutthatthenumberofclassdaysinayear-roundschoolisgenerallythesameasinatraditionalschool.LeadresearcherPaulvonHippelsaid,"Year-roundschoolsdon'treallysolvetheproblemofthesummerlearningsetback.Theysimplyspreaditoutacrosstheyear."Acrossthecountry,researchshowsthatstudentsfrompoorfamiliesfallfartherbehindoverthesummerthanotherstudents.Expertssaythiscanbeprevented.Theynotethatmanyschoolsandlocalgovernmentsofferprogramsthatcanhelp.Butcallingthem"summerschool"couldbeaproblem.ThedirectorofthesummerlearningcenteratJohnsHopkins,RonFairchild,saidresearchwithgroupsofdifferentparentsinChicagoandBaltimorefoundthatalmostallstronglydislikedthetermsummerschool”.InAmericanculture,theideaofsummervacationisconnectedtobeliefsaboutfreedomandthejoysofchildhood.Theparentswelcomedothertermslike"summercamp,""enrichment,""extratime"and"hands-onlearning."71．Accordingtothefirstparagraphthesummerlearninggap. A．helpschildrentogainweight B．leadschildrentoworkharder C．improveschildren’smemories D．affectschildren’sregularstudies72．Comparedtotraditionalschools,studentsintheyear-roundones. A．performbetterandhavemorelearninggains B．havemuchlesstimeforrelaxationeveryyear C．havegenerallythesamenumberofclassdays D．holdmoreclasseswithmorefreeweeksoff73．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue? A．Studentsfrompoorfamiliesoftenfallbehindafterthevacation. B．Year-roundschoolscansolvetheproblemofthelearninggap. C．Thereareschoolsineachstatefollowingayear-roundcalendar. D．Nothingcanhelpthestudentswhofallbehindafterthevocation.74．Whydidalmostallparentsdisliketheterm“summerschool”? A．Theycherishthechildren’srightsoffreedomverymuch. B．Theyareworriedaboutthequalityofthe“summerschool”. C．Theywanttheirchildrentobeforcedtomakeupthegap. D．Theycan’taffordtothefurtherstudyduringvacation.75．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthispassage? A．OpeningSummerCamps B．ForbiddingSummerSchools C．SpreadingYear-RoundEducation D．MindingtheSummerLearningCapE“InonlysixdaysIlostsevenpoundsofweight.”“Twofullinchesinthefirstthreedays!”Thesearethekindsofstatementsusedinmagazine，newspaper,radioandtelevisionads,promisingnewshapesandnewlookstothosewhobuythemedicineorthedevice.Thepromotersofproductssaytheycanshapethelegs,slimtheface,smoothwrinkles,orinsomeotherwaytoaddtobeautyordesirability.Oftensuchproductsarenothingmorethanmoney-makingthingsfortheirpromoters.Theresultstheyproducearequestionable,andsomearedangeroustohealth.Tounderstandhowtheseproductscanbelegallypromotedtothepublic,itisnecessarytounderstandsomethingofthelawscoveringtheirregulation.Iftheproductisadrug,FDA(FoodandDrugAdministration)canrequireproofundertheFood,Drug,andCosmeticActthatissafeandeffectivebeforeitisputonthemarket.Butiftheproductisadevice,FDAhasnoauthoritytorequirepremarketingproofofsafetyoreffectiveness.Ifaproductalreadyonthemarketisadangertohealth,FDAcanrequesttheproducerordistributortoremoveitfromthemarketvoluntarily,oritcantakelegalaction,includingseizure(查封)oftheproduct.OnenotablecaseafewyearsagoinvolvedanelectricaldevicecalledtheRelaxacisor,whichhadbeensoldforreducingthewaistline.TheRelaxacisorproducedelectricalshockstothebodythroughcontactpads.FDAtooklegalactionagainstthedistributortostopthesaleofthedeviceonthegroundsthatitwasdangeroustohealthandlife.Obviously,mostofthedevicesonthemarkethaveneverbeenthesubjectofcourtproceedings(法律诉讼)，andnewdevicesappearcontinually.Beforebuying,itisuptotheconsumertojudgethesafetyoreffectivenessofsuchitems.canbeinferredthattheadsmentionedinthetextare..A.objectiveB.costlyC.unreliableD.illegal77.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Thecourtisinchargeofremovingdangerousproducts.B.Newproductsaremorelikelytobequestionable.C.TheproductionofadevicemustbeapprovedbyFDA.D.Thepromotersusuallyjustcareaboutprofits.78.FDAcanaskfortheproofofsafetyandeffectivenessofaproductA.ifitisadrugB.ifitisadeviceC.ifitsconsumersmakecomplaintsD.ifitsdistributorschallengeFDA’sauthority79.TheRelaxacisorismentionedas.A.aproductwhichwasdesignedtoproduceelectricityB.aproductwhosedistributorwasinvolvedinalegalcaseC.asuccessfuladvertisementofabeautyproductD.anexampleofaqualitybeautyproduct80.TheauthorintendstoA.makeconsumersawareofthepromoters’falsepromisesB.showtheweaknessofthelawonproductsafetyC.giveadviceonhowtokeepyoungandbeautifulD.introducetheorganizationofFDAFFiveyearsago,DavidSmithworeanexpensivesuittoworkeveryday.“Iwasaclothesaddict,”hejokes.“IusedtocarryafreshsuittoworkwithmesoIcouldchangeifmyclothesgotwrinkled.”TodayDavidwearscasualclothes—khakipantsandsportsshirt—totheoffice.Hehardlyeverwearsanecktie.“I’mworkingharderthanever,”Davidsays,“andIneedtofeelcomfortable.”Moreandmorecompaniesareallowingtheirofficeworkerstowearcasualclothestowork.IntheUnitedStates,thechangefromformaltocasualofficewearhasbeengradual.Intheearly1990s,manycompaniesallowedtheiremployeestowearcasualclothesonFriday,butonlyonFriday.Thisbecameknownas“dress-downFriday”or“casualFriday”.“Whatstartedoutasanextraone-day-a-weekbenefitforemployeeshasreallybecomeaneverydaything.”saidbusinessconsultantMaislyJones.Whyhavesomanycompaniesstartedallowingtheiremployeestowearcasualclothes?Onereasonisthatit’seasierforacompanytoattractnewemployeesifithasacasualdresscode.“Alotofyoungpeopledon’twanttodressupforwork,”saystheownerofasoftwarecompany,“soit’shardtohirepeopleifyouhaveaconservativedresscode.”Anotherreasonisthatpeopleseemhappierandmoreproductivewhentheyarewearingcomfortableclothes.InastudyconductedbyLeviStraussCompany,85percentofemployerssaidthattheybelievethatcasualdressimprovesemployeemorale（士气）.Only4percentofemployerssaidthatcasualdresshasanegativeeffectonproductivity.Supportersofcasualofficewearalsoarguethatacasualdresscodehelpsthemsavemoney.“Suitsareexpensive,ifyouhavetowearoneeveryday,”onepersonsaid.“Forthesameamountofmoney,youcanbuyalotmorecasualclothes.”81.DavidSmithreferstohimselfashavingbeen“aclothesaddict,”because

__________.A.heoftenworekhakipantsandasportsshirtB.hecouldn’tstandacleanappearanceC.hewantedhisclothestolookneatallthetimeD.hedidn’twanttospendmuchmoneyonclothes82.DavidSmithwearscasualclothesnow,because

__________.A.theymakehimfeelateasewhenworkingB.hecannotaffordtobuyexpensiveclothesC.helookshandsomeincasualclothesD.henolongerworksforanycompany83.Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?A.Manyemployeesdon’tlikeaconservativedresscode.B.Comfortableclothesmakeemployeesmoreproductive.C.Acasualclothescodeiswelcomedbyyoungemployees.D.AlltheemployersintheU.S.areforcasualofficewear.84.Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Companyworkersstartedtodressdownabouttwentyyearsago.B.Dress-downhasbecomeaneverydayphenomenonsincetheearly1990s.C.“Dress-downFriday”wasfirstgivenasafavorfromemployers.D.Manyworkerswanttowearcasualclothestoimpresspeople.85.Inthispassage,thefollowingadvantagesofcasualofficeweararementionedexcept__________.A.savingemployees’money B.makingemployeesmoreattractiveC.improvingemployees’motivationD.makingemployeeshappier第II卷（共40分）请将二卷所有答案统一写到答题纸上第一节阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文回答问题，将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（注意题后的字数要求）。IntheUnitedStates,traintransportationisunpopularcomparedwithcarsandairplanes.Mostpeopleliketravelingbycarorbyair.OfficialsoftheUnitedStatesDepartmentofTransportationmadeastudyin2022.ThestudyisabouthowmanymilesAmericanstraveledbydifferentmeansoftransportation.Theyonlystudiedtripslongerthan50miles.Thestudyshowedthatfifty-sixpercentofall