一轮复习课件book

必修①基础知识自测1.

earthquake

n.pipe

n.管；导管event

n.事件；大事4.

_c_

n.运河；水道5.

brick

n.砖；砖块6.

shelter

n.掩蔽处；避身处7.

outline

n.要点；大纲；轮廓n.

；灾祸8.

disaster

bury

vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏

burst

vi.(burst,burst)爆发11.

extremeadj.

极度的12.

sincerely

adv.地;真挚地13.

ruin

n.

废墟vt.14.

expressvt.表示;表达n.快车15.

judge

n.

裁判员;vt.断定二、单词拓展(A)单词派生n.

判断力judgment

mine

n.矿，矿山

miner

n.矿工

judge

v.判断，vt.损害;3.

injure_injury

n.损害;_injured

adj.受伤的4.

cong_ratulate

v.祝贺;恭喜_congratulation

n.

祝贺;(复数)贺词adj.

电的;导电的n.

电;电流;电学adj.与电有关的5.

electricv.(使)惊吓的frightening

adj.

令人恐惧的6.

frightenfrightened

adj.

受惊的;受electricityelectrical1.

介词后要接名词1.

Two

players

are

out

of

the

teambecause

of

injury

.(injure)2.

My

isthat

he

isto

blame.

(judge)2.形容词后接名词构成名词词组作主语al

judgment3.

I

think

it

is

dangerous

forminers

(mine)

to

work

in

suchterrible

conditions.令人恐惧的4.

His

_frightening_

(frighten)

eyes

madethe

boy

feel

frightened

.感到恐惧的5.

Bob

left

me

his

_e_lectric

(electric)fanbefore

he

went

to

London.5.形容词修饰后面的名词。right

away

立刻;马上a

_(g_reat)_number

o_f许多;大量的at_an

end

结束;终结

in

ruins

严重受损;成为废墟三、短语翻译

dig

out

掘出;发现

asif

仿佛;好像7.

insteadof代替8.

asusual

像往常一样9.be

trapped

in

/by被困住,被套住cut

across

横切two

thirds

三分之二侵袭的地区12.

disaster-hit

area_s四、课文回顾在下列文段中填入一个适当的词或在用括号中选择一个词填空，并说明理由。(完形填空的思维方法训练)Strange

things

were

happening

in

thecountryside

of

northeast

Hebei.

For

threedays

the

water

in

the

village

1

well

(rivers,wells,

ponds,dams)

roseand

fell,

rose

andfell.

Farmers

noticed

that

the

well

walls

haddeep

cracks

in

them.

A

smelly

gas

came

outof

the2

crack_s

.

In

the

farmyards,

the3chickens(fishes,

chickens,

monkeys,

tortoises)

andeven

the

pig

were

too

nervous

to

eat.Mice

ranout

ofthe

fields

looking

for

4

places

to

hide.

Fish

jumped

outof

their

bowls

andponds.

At

about

3:00

am

on

July

28,

1976,some

people

saw

5

bright

lights

in

the

sky.The

soundsof

6

planes

could

beheardoutside

the

city

of

Tangshan

even

when

noplanes

were

in

the

sky.

In

the

city,

the

water7

pipes

in

some

buildings

cracked

and

burst.But

the

one

million

people

of

the

city,

whothought

8

little

of

these

events,

were

asleepas

usual

thatnight.At

3:42

am

everything

began

to

shake.

Itseemed

as

if

the

world

was

at

an

end!

Elevenkilometers

directly

below

the

city

thegreatest

9

earthquake

of

the

20th

centuryhad

begun.

It

was

10

felt

in

Beijing,

whichis

more

than

two

hundred

kilometers

away.One-third

of

the

nation

felt

it.

A

huge

crackthat

was

eight

kilometers

long

and

thirtymeters

wide

cut

across

houses,

roads

andc

s. burst

from

holes

in

theground.Hard

11

hills

(roads,

hills,

buildings,

layers)of

rock

became

rivers

of

dirt.

Infifteenterrible

seconds

alarge

city

lay

in12

ruins

.The

13

suffering

of

the

people

was

extreme.Two-third

of

them

14

died

or

were

injuredduring

the

earthquake.

Thousands

of

familieswere

killed

and

many

15

children

were

leftwithout

parents.

The

number

of

people

whowere

killed

or

injured

reached

more

than400,000.五、课文概要以约30个词概括课文内容要点。At

3:42

am,

July

28,

1976,

thegreatest

earthquake

of

the

20th

centuryshook

Tangshan,

Hebei

Province,destroying

almost

everything.

Soon

150，000

soldiers

arrived

and

made

the

citybreathe

again.重点词汇讲练1.burst

v.爆裂;突发原句:In

the

city,the

water

pipes

insome

buildings

cracked

andburst.城市里,一些大楼的水管破裂了。(B1P26)例句:

The

balloon

suddenly

burst.气球突然

了。burst

in

闯进来；突然插嘴burst

into

sth.突然爆发burst

out ng

sth.突然开始做burst

into

laughter=burst

outlaughing放声大笑burst

into

tears=burst

out

crying放声大哭运用填入一个恰当的词。⑴

The

audience

burst

_into

cheers.⑵

When

we

were

chatting

in

theroom,

he

burst

in

.⑶

As

she

was

talking,

the

old

manburst

_out_crying

with

excitement.2.

injure

vt.

，使受伤，损害例句

Two-thirds

of

themdied

orwere

injured

during

the

earthquake.三分之二的人在这次

中死去或受伤。理解说出下列各句的汉语意思。⑴

Three

people

were

killed

and

fiveinjured

in

the

crash.撞车事故中三人

,

五人受伤。⑵

He

injured

his

knee

yesterday.他昨天伤了膝盖。⑶

I

hope

I

didn’t

injure

her

feelings.我希望我没有

感情。⑷

Dishonest

injures

a

business.有害生意。派生injurious

adj.有害的(=harmful)

injured

adj.受伤的;受损害的

injury

n.，损害运用用injure的适当形式填空。⑴

He

suffered

serious

injuriesto

thearms

and

legs.⑵

Smoking

is

injurious

to

health.⑴

injure常指在意外事故中受伤，可指身体上或精神上的

。hurt没有injure正式，可指身体上的疼痛或精神上的痛苦，也可指感情上的

。hurt的 可与injure同样严重，也可指较轻的疼痛。wound主要指

枪等

打伤、切伤中或战斗中受伤，有时也等，多指在

用于精神上的，但远不及前两者常见。辨析injure,

wound

&

hurt请用injure,hurt或wound的适当形式填空。⑴In

that

war

he

wasseriouslywounded

by

an

enemy

bullet.⑵

You’ll

injure/hurt

her

feelings

ifyou

forget

her

birthday.⑶

No

one

wasseriously

injured

/hurt

inthe

traffic

accident.⑷

The

tight

shoe

hurt

my

foot.⑸The

injured/wounded

(伤者)wererushed

to

hospital.3.

destroy

vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭(damage

sth

so

badly

that

it

cannotberepaired

or

it

no

longer

exists,

works,etc)例句Everywhere

they

looked

nearlyevery

thingwasdestroyed.无论人们朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。⑴destroy

强烈摧毁，无法或难以修复；毁掉(名誉、希望、计划等)。如：The

houses

were

destroyed

by

a

fire.房屋被火灾所毁。⑵

ruin

(逐渐)彻底

；弄坏(美好经历或有用物)。如：Oxford

has

been

ruined

by

the

motorindustry.牛津城已经被汽车工业毁掉了。辨析destroy,ruin

&

damage⑶damage可修复的部分损坏或损害，指其价值或功能等降低。They

managed

to

repair

the

housesthat

had

been

damaged.他们设法修复了受到破坏的房屋。运用用上述词填空，并译成汉语。⑴

What

he

said

destroyedour

last

hope.他说的话摧毁了

最后的希望。⑵

She

poured

water

all

over

mypainting,

and_ruined她把水全倒在了it.画上，把画毁了。⑶

Her

heart

wasslightly

damaged

as

aresult

of

her

long

illness.由于生病，

心脏轻微受损。(功能降低)4.shock

v.(使)击；；n.休克；打例句

Sand

now

filled

the

wells

insteadof

water.

People

were

shocked.

井里满是沙子而不是水了，人们惊呆了。用法

⑴

尤指令人不愉快；⑵

作vt.时，多用于 语态；⑶

作n.表示“令人的事”时，前用a。的的派生

shocked

adj.

(人)感到

shocking

adj. (事)令人the

news.运用根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。⑴

听到这个消息，我十分

。（一句多译）a.

I

was

shocked

to

hear

the

news.b.

I

was

shocked

atc.

It

shocked

me

to

hear

the

news.d.

The

news

_gave

me

ashock.⑵听到这个令人。的消息，他感到He

was

shocked_to

hear

/at_the_shocking_news

.5.

rescue

n.

&

vt.援救；营救(save…from

harm

or

danger;

set

free)例句

Some

of

the

rescue

workers

anddoctors

were

trapped

under

the

ruins.有些医生和救援

被困在废墟下面。rescue…from….从……中抢救或营救……e

to

one’s

rescue援救或帮助rescue

work/workers抢救工作/救援搭配⑴rescue多指在直接的或祸患中给予迅速和有效的救援，较save更能表达拯救的紧迫性，一般指救人；它还有从监禁中救出的意思。⑵

save指通过救援不但使受害者(人或物)能脱离 或祸患，而且使其能保存下来，有时可与rescue通用。从某种状态中把拯救出来多用save。辨析rescue

&

save运用用rescue或save填空,并说明理由。Thelifeboatwassentoutto

the

sailors

from

the

sinking

ship.⑴

只有

才能救中国。Only

socialism

can_save

China.⑵救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。rescue⑶消防队员行动及时，该建筑物方免遭焚毁。The

quick

action

of

the

firemen_saved

the

building

from

being

burned

down.6.

trap

vt.使陷入困境

n.陷阱；困境ling

the allIknew.运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。They

were

trapped

in

the

burning

ho

.⑵我中计了,

把所知道的一切全都告诉了

。I

was

trapped

into⑶

诱捕鸟是很

的。It’s

cruel

to_trap

birds

.⑷

你恰恰中了

计。You

fell

right

into

_mytrap

.原句:

The

army

organizedteams

to

dig

out

those

who

weretrapped and

to

bury

the

dead.

部队组队挖掘被困

和埋葬死者。(B1P26)7.

bury

v.埋葬例句

The

dog

buried

the

bonein

the ground.

这条狗把骨头埋在了

。搭配

bury

oneself in=be

buriedin埋头于;

专心于运用用所给词的正确形式填空。⑴

Our ernment

is

taking

effectivemeasures

to

rescue

(rescue)

thosetrapped(trap)

and

buried

(bury)underground.⑵

Look!

They

_a_r_e_burying

themselves/are

buried

(bury)

in

their

work.原句

Imagine

your

home

beginstoshake

and

you

must

leave

it

right

away.想象一下你的家开始(B1P25),你必须离开。8.rightaway立刻,马上(不与进行时连用)例句

I’ll

find

you

the

address

for

youright

away.我立刻给你找地址。right

away

语气稍弱于at

once,

强调动作迅速right

now

既可表示“立刻;马上”,也可表示“就在现在”辨析:right

away,right

now运用根据中文完成句子。他病了,

你应该立即请大夫来。He

is

ill；you

should

call

in

the

doctor

rightaway

.医生现在正在给

做手术,

请不要打扰他。The

doctor

is

ng

an

operation

on

the

patient

right

now

,

please

don’tdisturb

him.9.

in

ruins成为废墟原句Infifteen

terrible

seconds

alargecitylay

inruins.在可怕的十五秒一座大城市沦为了废墟。(B1P26)例句

The

whole

building

was

in

ruins

after

aterribleearthquake.整个大楼在一次可怕的

后变为废墟。fall into

ruins

成为废墟bring

ruin

to

oneself

自取辨析ruin

指长时间的侵蚀而毁坏;把某事弄糟。damage

指部分损坏，往往可以修复。价值或用途降低。destroy

指彻底毁坏,无法修复。也可指摧毁,毁坏(名誉、计划、希望等)。运用用所给词的正确形式填空。⑴People

builtshelters

among

the

ruins(ruin)of

the

city.

(表示废墟时多用复数)⑵

The

workers

were

repairing

the

destroyed(destroy)

building.⑶

All

their

hopes

were

_damaged

(damage)

by

her

letter

of

refusal.10.at

an

end终了,结束原句

It

seemed

as

if

the

world

was

at

an

end!

似乎世界

到了。(B1P26)例句The

father’s

patience

was

atan

end

after

the

baby’s

long

crying.婴儿哭了很久后的耐心终于没有了。at of...在……的尽头,末端(指时间，地点等)by of...在……末之前(指时间，常与完成时连用)in /finally/at

last/

eventually最后；终于put

anend

to...结束……come

to

an

end………结束联想(1)

My

friend

is

waiting

for

me

at_of

the

road.运用用适当的介词填空。,

they

got

to

their(3)

In_

destination.of

lastmonth

wehadfinished

Book

4.(2)_By11.

dig

out

掘出(get

sb/sth

out

by

digging)；发现(find

sththat

hasbeenstored,

hidden,

or

forgotten

for

a

long

time)例句

The

army

organized

teams

to

dig

out

those

who

were

trapped

and

to

bury

thedead.

组成小分队，将受困的挖出来，将死者掩埋。我被困在雪下。我唯一能做的就是希望有人会来把我挖出来。.

All

Icould

do

was

hope

that

someonewould

come

and

dig

meout

.I

_was

trapped

under

thesnow运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。人12.a

great

number

of

许多,大量原句

Such

a

great

number

of

peopledied

because

the

quake

happened

whilethey

were

slee .

因为

是在人们睡觉的时候发生的,

所以造成了这么多的。(B1P27)例句

I

have

a

large

number

ofletters

to

answer.我有许多信要回。a(great,large)

number

of(+复数名词)许多the

number

of(+复数名词)…的数目比较“a

number

of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数;“thenumber

of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。注意:运用用所给词的适当形式填空或完成their

lives

in

the

terribledisaster.句子。⑴

The

number

of

the

people

invitedtothe

party

_w_as

(be)50

last

night,

butanumber

of

them_w_ere_

(be)absentfordifferent

reasons.1⑵_A

number

of

people

(许多人)lost写作句型仿写1.

It

seemed

asif…

看上去好像……;似乎……原句

Itseemedas

if

theworld

wasat

anend!世界似乎到了

!(B1P26)例句

It

seemed

as

if

the

sky

wouldfalldown.

似乎天要塌下来了。说明其中as

if

可用as

though替代;也可说It

seems

that...仿写根据汉语意思,完成英文句子。⑴看上去好像除了我之外别人都知道。

It

seems

as

if

everybody

knows

it

except

me.。.⑵听她说话的口气她好像去过It

seemed

as

if

she

had

been

to

⑶好像这个问题没有解决的办法。

It

seems

as

if

there

is

no

solution

tothis

problem.America

from

her

words原句Everywhere

they

lookednearly

everything

was

destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切都几乎被毁了。(B1P26)2.

Everywhere...

无论哪里……(引导状语从句)例句

Everywhere

she

goes,

shewill

receive

warm e.无论她走到哪,

她都会受到热烈欢迎。说明

everywhere引导一个状语从句时,

相当于wherever。⑴无论他走到哪儿,我都会找到他。

Everywhere

he

goes

,

I

willfind

him.⑵他们不论出现在哪儿,都会遇到议。

Everywhere

they

appeared

_,

theywould

meet

with

strong

s.抗仿写根据汉语意思,完成英语句子。原句

All

hope

was

not

lost.

不是所有的希望都破灭了。(B1P26)例句All

students

can

not

go

to

keyuniversity

after

they

graduate

frommiddleschool.不是所有的学生中学毕业后都能上重点大学。3.all...not=not

all...并非都……仿写

根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴不是所有的学生都通过了考试。

Not

allthe

students

have

passed

theexam.说明

all, both,

each, always,

every及every的

词与not连用时表部分否定。⑵并不是每个人都像你那么自私。

Not

everyone

isasselfishasyou.⑶

不是

两个都有机会去

。Both

ofyou

can’t

have

theopportunity

togo

to

America.4.

too+

adj/

adv.

+(for

sb.)

to

do

sth.太……以至于不……原句

The

chickens

and

even

thepigsweretoo

nervous

to

eat.鸡甚至猪也太紧张了以至于不吃东西了。例句The

man

istoo

honest

to

play

atrick

likethat.这个人很诚实,不会搞那样的恶作剧的。当形容词是表心情的ready,glad,

happy,eager,willing等时,表肯定；和never,not

连用时,意为“非常,怎么做也不过分”。在too前加上only,

but,

all,

simply

或just时,表肯定,

且带有一定的感 彩。说明

在以下三种情况下,此结构是肯定意义：I’m

too

eager_

to

seeyou.仿写根据汉语意思完成英文句子。过马路时再

都不为过。You

can

not

be

too

carefulwhen

crossingthe

road.这个箱子太重了,我搬不动。The

box

is

too

heavy

for

me

to

carry

it.我十分渴望见到你。5.think

little

of不重视；没把……当成回事例句But

the

one

million

people

of

thecity,who

thought

little

of

these

events,were

asleep

as

usual

that

night.但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常睡着了。联想think

much

of

重视；赞扬think

nothing

of不把……放在心里think

highly

of

对……评价高think

badly/ill

of对……评价很糟仿写根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴

他不重视

建议。He

thought

little

ofmysuggestion.⑵她没把每天走30里路当回事。She

thinks

nothing

of

walking30aday难句结构分析原句

Your

speech

was

heard

by

agroup

of

five

judges，all

of

whomagreed

that

it

was

the

best

onethisyear.评委会的五位评委听了你的，都认为你的

是今年最好的。(P3