高考英语动词讲解课件

动词动词1动词分类概念能独立作谓语的动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。有一定词义，本身不表示动作和状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。实义动词系动词助动词情态动词动词分类概念能独立作谓语的动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，2（一）实义动词_________本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。

Ilikethebook.2.___________自身意思完整，无需接宾语。

Birdscanfly.及物动词不及物动词（一）实义动词_________本身意义不完整，需要接宾语31动词+宾语IlikeEnglishverymuch.2动词+宾语+宾补Wepainttheshelfpink.加名词作宾补的词有:

call,choose,consider,elect,make,name······3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

V+sbsth

V+sthfor/tosb

及物动词1动词+宾语3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

V+sbs4

1）动词+宾语+不定式(todo)（宾补）

advise

allow

cause

enable

encourage

find

forbid

force

wish

invite

order

permit

persuaderemind

tell

warnexpect

wish·········1）动词+宾语+不定式(todo)（宾补）

advis5一have,let和make,此三动词是使役，使用它们要仔细，后接“宾补”略去“to”一感feel,二听hear,listento,三让have,let,make,四看see,lookat,observe,watch2）动词+宾语+省略to的不定式（宾补）一have,let和make,此三动词是使役，使用它们6口诀：不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词【速记口诀】一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助【妙语诠释】一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help口诀：7colour,keep,find,get,leave,make,paint,cutEg:Pleasecolouritred.Ifinditinteresting.3）动词+adj(做补语)colour,keep,find,get,leave,8get

/

leave

/

keep

/

set

/

catch

/

have

sb.

doing;

see

/

find

/

watch

/

feel

/

hear

/

listen

to

/

discover

sb.

doing

如:他让我等了整整一上午。He

kept

me

waiting

the

whole

morning.

4）动词加现在分词做补语get

/

leave

/

keep

/

set

/

cat9过去分词作宾补时，常见的词有have,get,make

havesthdone

Eg:我理发了。Ihavehadmyhaircut.我让别人明白了。Imademyselfheard.5）动词加过去分词（补语）过去分词作宾补时，常见的词有have,get,make10口诀：能接不定式，又能接动名词，但意思不同的动词或词组：

forget,goon,mean,remember,stop,try，regret,巧记，

即"四'记'力争不后悔"。四记指(记得/记住；忘记；计划/打算；继续)；力争指try；不后悔指"stop

regretting"-stop与regret。

高考英语动词讲解课件11bring,hand,lend,mail,offer,owe,passpost,read,

return,send,sell,show,take,teach,tell,throw,writeV+直宾或间宾+sb+sth/sthtosbV+直宾或间宾+sb+sth/12book,buy,choosecook,draw,fetchfind,fix,getmake,order,pickpreparesavesing

sparestealV+直宾或间宾+sbsth/sthforsbbook,buy,chooseV+直宾或间宾+sbs131.没有被动形式，如happen,occur,rise,lie,die不及物动词2.主动表示被动的词

动词+(well,poorly,easily)sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,operate,break,measure,weigh1.Drywoodburnseasily.2.Theclothwasheswell.1.没有被动形式，如happen,occur,rise,li14他跑的快。Herunsfast.他经营一家工厂。Herunsafactory.Eg:study，fly，run,change既作及物又作不及物动词的词他跑的快。既作及物又作不及物动词的词151.Shelookedforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin2.Iwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling3.Thedayhehaslookedforwardto______atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.comes4.MrSmithwarnedherson____afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive5.Shepretended_____mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseenDCBExerciseAA1.Shelookedforwardeveryspr16常见的连系动词有：be,become,turn,get,grow,keep,feel,look,seem,smell,turn,fall等。它们都表示状态的渐变或保持不变，以及表示感觉。后面接形容词构成系表结构。Eg：Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.Thebreadlooksveryfresh.Hisplansoundedpractical.

（二）系动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词有：be,become,turn,get17状态变化系动词系动词用法习惯搭配朝坏的方面变化wrong,bad,mad,hungry,blindetc.表颜色等red,green表成长中的变化strong,tall由动态到静态转变ill,sick,asleep转向好的状态true,alive常用来指人或物的状态的变化become接名词时,名词前接冠词gocometurngrowfallgetbecome状态变化系动词系动词用法习惯搭配朝坏的方面变化wrong,18

1.Theweatherwill_____hotforanothertwoweeks.

A.last

B.remain

C.get

D.turn2.Thehotweatherwill

____anothertwodays.

A.last

B.remain

C.get

D.turn3.Theboss

madethem_____12hoursaday.

A.work

B.towork

C.worked

D.working4.Theyweremade_______12hoursaday.

A.work

B.towork

C.worked

D.workingBAABExercise1.Theweatherwill_____hotf195.----Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?----No,thetickets______wellandthey_______outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;sold

A6.Don’tgetthatinkonyourwhiteshirtforit______.A.won’twashoutB.doesn’twashawayCisn’twashingoutD.hasn’twashedaway7.Theytriedtogetthecar_______,butitwon’t______.A.started;startB.tostart;startC.started;startedD.tostart;tostartAA5.----Haveyougotaticketfo20助动词是“辅助性”动词，一般没有词义，不能单独作谓语，但可用来帮助构成谓语，表示不同的时态，语态，和数的变化。

常见的助动词有：（1）be(am,is,are,was,were,being,been)与现在分词结合构成各种进行时态，或与过去分词结合构成被动语态。Eg:I’mlookingformypen.（现在进行时）Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?(过去进行时)

ThesecupsaremadeinChina.（被动语态）（三）助动词（三）助动词21（2）have(has,had,having)与过去分词结合构成完成时。

Eg:

Theyhaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.（现在完成时）

Hehadbuiltachemistrylabforhimselfattheageoften.（过去完成时）（3）助动词do(does,did)后只能跟动词原形，与not及其他动词结合构成否定句，或置于主语之前构成疑问句。

Eg:HedoesnotspeakEnglish.

Whendidhecomeback?（2）have(has,had,having)与过去分22（4）will(would),shall(should)：

will能用于一般将来时的任何人称后；would是will的过去时，能用于过去将来时；两者后面都接动词原形。

Eg:

Theplanewillarriveintenminutes.飞机十分中后将要到达。

Iwassurethatwewouldwin.我确信用我们会赢。shall与should这两个助动词本身没有词义，shall只能用于一般将来时的第一人称后；should是shall的过去时，只能用于过去将来时的第一人称后；两者后面都接动词原形。Eg:

Weshallmeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.我们明天将在校门口见。

ItoldthemthatIshoulddotheworkalone.我告诉他们我将独自做那项工作。（4）will(would),shall(should23①

情态动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态，包括请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。②

情态动词的种类：原

形过去式词

义cancould能maymight可以（或许）mustmust(hadto)必须（不得不）willwould愿意shallshould应该needneeded需要daredared敢于（四）情态动词①情态动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或24★can’thelpbutdo=can’tbutdo=havetodoIcan’thelpbuttellhimthetruth.1.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing2.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff

DC★can’thelpbutdo=can’tbutd251)can的主要用法是：

A.

_________：

Thegirlcandanceverywell.B.

_____________：

Canthenewsbetrue?C._____________:CanIsithere?can&could：表示能力表示推测可能性表请求或允许（多用于疑问否定句中）1)can的主要用法是：can&could262)could的主要用法是：

A.__________________________________________________:Weallknewthattheyoungmancouldn’tbeadoctor.

我三岁就能看书了。

FathersaidIcouldgooutwithmyfriends.could是can的过去式,表示过去的能力,许可和推测B.could可代替can表示请求,语气委婉(主要用于疑问句）Couldyoulendmeyourbike?

CouldIuseyourbike?-Yes，youcan.2)could的主要用法是：could是can的过去式,273)Theycan't/couldn’t

havegoneoutbecausethelightisstillon.can’t/couldn’thavedone过去否定猜测mustdo/be现肯猜can'tdo/be现否猜musthavedone过肯猜3)can’t/couldn’thavedone281)._________________Wemustalldie.

人总要死的。

2).______________________Youmustgetupearly.

你必须早起来。must:表示必然性。表示强制/义务。1)._________________must:表29

Wemustn’twasteourtime.

----MayItakethismagazineout?

----No,youmustn’t.

3).mustnot:“禁止”。4).must用于一般疑问句的时候，肯定回答用yes,please或者I’mafraidso,其否定回答用needn’t或者don’thaveto3).mustnot:“禁止”。4).mu305).表示推测，意为“一定是”,语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用在肯定句。must+v对现在的推测

Itmustbeeleveno’clocknow.

Hemustgocrazy.must+have+过去分词对过去的推测must+be+v-ing对将来或现在进行时的推测6).表示“偏偏”，表达对某事的不满或责备等情绪。WhymustitrainonSunday?5).表示推测，意为“一定是”,语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味31may&might：

may常用来表示：

A._______________

MayIcomein?Yes,please.B.________________表示请求、允许;--IbelievethemanisfromEngland.--ButImaybewrong.Theguestmayarrivethisafternoon表示猜测答语避免使用may，以免显得太严肃或太不客气may&might：表示请求、允许;--Ib32Theroadmaybeblocked.

这条路可能不通了。

Theroadcan

beblocked.

这条路可能会是不通的。

在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。如：Wherecanhebe?他会在哪呢？可能性从大到小:must.cancouldmaymightTheroadmaybeblocked.可能33

C._____________________

Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!表示祝愿;语气较正式:多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。也可以表示现在的可能性，但是比may表示的可能性更小，且might可以用于虚拟语气，may不可以。might的用法有:

Shesaidthathemighttakeherbike.

她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。

Youmightgetsomehelpfromherifshewerehere.C._____________________表示34

1).

Iwill

tellyousomethingimportant.

我将要告诉你一些重要的事。will&would：Nancywillsticktoherwayoflife.Itoldhimnottodoit,buthewould.

will是助动词或是情态动词用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表“意志/决心”是情态动词。would亦同理，只是表过去。1).will&would：Nancywil352)._______________________________

Ifyouwanthelp,letmeknow,willyou?

如果你需要帮助,让我知道,好吗?

Wouldyoutypethis,please?

请打印这个，好吗？

Won'tyousitdown?

请坐下，好吗？疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求表委婉不是表过去2)._________________________36Thiswillbethebookyouwant.Hewillhavearrivedbynow.Theguestswouldhavearrivedbythattime.Ithoughtyouwouldhavefinishedthisbynow.Thiswillbethebuildingyouarelookingfor.3).用“willbe”和“will(would)+have+过去分词”的结构表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测，后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。Thiswillbethebookyouwant374)._________________________Wouldyouhelpus,please?请您帮助我们，好吗？I’dgotherewithyou.我要和你一块到那儿去。

Teacherwouldn’tallowit.老师不会允许这件事。（表请求）would比will客气委婉。（表意愿）（表许可）4)._________________________（表381).

PerhapsIshallpayavisittoEnglandthiswinter.可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。（构成一般将来时,助动词）shall&should：shall用于构成将来时是助动词。1).shall&should：shall用于构39（表“决心”，情态动词）Shallwegobytrain,Mom?

妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？Shallhecomein?要他进来吗？

2).用于征求意见,是情态动词,一般用于第一一人称和第三人称（表“决心”，情态动词）2).用于征求意见,是情态动词,一40（表“决心”，情态动词）Don’tworry,youshallgetthebook.Nothingshallstopus.Youshallgetwhatyoudeserve.Heshallbepunishedifhebreakstherule.Nooneshallsmokehere.

3).用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令,或颁布法令规定等。用于二三人称。（表“决心”，情态动词）3).用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令414).

Youshouldkeepyourpromise.你应该遵守诺言。

Youshouldcallthepolice.*表示“按理说”。

It’s8o’clocknow,heshouldbehereatanymoment.*表埋怨，用于“Shouldn’t…?”Shouldn’tyoubedoingyourhomeworknow?

should表示义务/建议/劝告，意为“应该”。4).should表示义务/建议/劝告，意为“应该”。42----____Igoouttoplay,mum?----No,you___.Youshoulddoyourhomeworkfirst.A.Might;wouldn’tB.May;hadbetternotC.Must;mustn’tD.Need;mustn’tB----____Igoouttoplay,mu432.---WhereisEmma?---Ican’tsayforsurewheresheis,butshe___beoutshopping.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.mayD2.---WhereisEmma?D443.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it____cleaned.A.can’thavebeenB.couldn’tbeC.mayhavebeenD.wouldbeA3.Theroomisinaterriblem454.How____yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.mayA4.How____yousaythatyoure465.——Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?——“Noperson_____smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisareas.”A.WillB.mayC.shallD.mustC5.——Whatdoesthesignovert476.—HasMr.TomWhitearrived?—Yes,already_____hewaitoutsideorjustcomein?ShallB.MayC.CouldD.MustA6.—HasMr.TomWhitearrived?A487.---JanehasjustcomebackfromChinaandshelookshappy.---She_________hertripverymuch.mustenjoyB.musthaveenjoyedC.mayenjoyDshouldhaveenjoyedB7.---Janehasjustcomeback498.—Theterribleaccidentisunderinvestigation.—Actually,quickeraction_____thoseworkerstrappedinthemine.A.mighthavesavedB.musthavesavedC.shouldhavesavedD.couldhavesavedD8.—Theterribleaccidentisu509.Hechosetoteachinawesternprovince,thoughhe____inthecityforabetterlife.couldstayB.wouldstayC.couldhavestayedD.hadstayedC10.We_____hereatlunchtime;weweredelayedattheairport,though.A.couldbeB.shouldbeC.musthavebeenD.wouldhavebeenD9.Hechosetoteachinawest5111.HowIwishI___mymouthbeforeIshoutedatmyum!A.shutB.haveshutC.hadshutD.wouldshutC12.Wemustapplywhatwehavelearnttoourdailyworkbecauseinnocase___frompractice.shouldtheoryseparateB.shouldtheorybeseparatedC.theoryshouldseparateD.theoryshouldbeseparatedB11.HowIwishI___mymouth5213.—Whohasmadeamessinmyroom?—Whoelse___itbutyournaughtyson?A.coulddoB.couldhavedoneC.shoulddoD.ShouldhavedoneB14.It’sreallyawonderthatallthepassengersonboard___whiletheplaneitselfsankintothefreezingHudsonRiverinNewYork.musthavebeensavedshouldhavebeensavedwouldbesavedD.mightbesavedB13.—Whohasmadeamessinm5315.You___lateforyesterday’classmeeting,asitwassoimportant.couldn’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.oughtn’ttohavebeen16.—Butforyourtimelywarning,we____intogreattrouble.—Youknowwe’refriends.wouldgetB.musthavegotC.wouldhavegotD.can’thavegotDC15.You___lateforyesterday541)insist2)order,command4)advise,suggest,propose,recommend4)demand,ask,require,request1.Heorderedthatwe(should)leaveatonce.2.Hisorderthatwe(should)leaveatoncewasright.延伸1：接虚拟语气的词1)insist2)order,command553.Heinsistedthathisbrother_____there.A.goB.wentC.goingD.togo4.Heinsistedthathe______nothingwrongand______setfree.A.do;beB.haddone;wasC.haddone;beD.did;was5.Hisvoicesuggestedthathe______angry.A.isB.beC.wasD.were6.Hesuggestedthattheboy_____senttohospitalatonce.A.wasB.beC.isD.wereACCB3.Heinsistedthathisbrother56口诀：一坚持，二命令，三建议，四要求

其宾语从句用“should+动词原形”，

should既可以省略，should也可以保留。

一坚持，即insist；二命令，即order,command；三建议，即suggest,propose,advise；四要求，即ask,demand,require,request。

口诀：57go,come,leave,start,return,arrive,stop,finish,borrow,lend,open,close,die,become,break,join,kill,marry,graduate,buymarry--bemarriedseat--beseatedhide--behiddenengage--beengageddie--bedeadbegin--beonjoin--beinborrow--keepcome--be/stayleave--beawaybuy--have=havegot延伸2：瞬间非延续性动词go,come,leave,start,return581.Hediedtenyearsago,that’stosay,hehas_____fortenyears.A.beendiedB.beendeadC.diedD.beendying2.WhenJackarrivedhelearnedMary____foralmostanhour.A.hadgoneB.hadsetoffC.hadleftD.hadbeenawayBD1.Hediedtenyearsago,that’s59Heis

leavingforBeijingtomorrow.Theboyissosickthatheis

dyingfast.Thebusis

coming.Thetrainis

leaving.HeisleavingforBeijingtomo60intend,mean,hope,plan,expect,think,want,suppose,promiseIhad

hopedtocomehere,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.延伸3：表计划未能实现的动词intend,mean,hope,plan,expe61表示人的内在感受的动词encourage,excite,inspire,interest,amaze,satisfy,delight,please,move,frighten,surprise,astonish,shock,disappoint,discourage,puzzle,worry,tire,touch,relax延伸4：情感动词类表示人的内在感受的动词延伸4：情感动词类621.Thenewssounds_____________.(encourage)2.Theplaywasso___________thatnearlyeverybodywas_________totears.(move)3.Lookingatherpaper,shenoddedwitha___________smileonherface.(satisfy)4.Helookedatmewitha__________look.(puzzle)encouraging

moving

satisfiedmoved

puzzled1.Thenewssounds____________63believe,imagine,suppose,think,feel,guess1.Idon’tthinkhecanfinishthework,____?A.can’theB.canheC.doID.don’tI2.Wedon’tbelievesheknowsit,______?A.doessheB.doesn’tsheC.doweD.don’twe3.Youdon’tthinkhecanfinishit,______?A.doyouB.don’tyouC.canheD.can’the延伸5：否定前移类BAAbelieve,imagine,suppose,thi64口诀：“否定转移”的5个常用词：

我认为（think）猜想（suppose）与想象（imagine）都不可相信（believe），我期待（expect）等着你的回答。eg:Idon’tthinkhe’llcometomorrow.

高考英语动词讲解课件65动词动词66动词分类概念能独立作谓语的动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。有一定词义，本身不表示动作和状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。实义动词系动词助动词情态动词动词分类概念能独立作谓语的动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，67（一）实义动词_________本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。

Ilikethebook.2.___________自身意思完整，无需接宾语。

Birdscanfly.及物动词不及物动词（一）实义动词_________本身意义不完整，需要接宾语681动词+宾语IlikeEnglishverymuch.2动词+宾语+宾补Wepainttheshelfpink.加名词作宾补的词有:

call,choose,consider,elect,make,name······3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

V+sbsth

V+sthfor/tosb

及物动词1动词+宾语3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

V+sbs69

1）动词+宾语+不定式(todo)（宾补）

advise

allow

cause

enable

encourage

find

forbid

force

wish

invite

order

permit

persuaderemind

tell

warnexpect

wish·········1）动词+宾语+不定式(todo)（宾补）

advis70一have,let和make,此三动词是使役，使用它们要仔细，后接“宾补”略去“to”一感feel,二听hear,listento,三让have,let,make,四看see,lookat,observe,watch2）动词+宾语+省略to的不定式（宾补）一have,let和make,此三动词是使役，使用它们71口诀：不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词【速记口诀】一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助【妙语诠释】一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help口诀：72colour,keep,find,get,leave,make,paint,cutEg:Pleasecolouritred.Ifinditinteresting.3）动词+adj(做补语)colour,keep,find,get,leave,73get

/

leave

/

keep

/

set

/

catch

/

have

sb.

doing;

see

/

find

/

watch

/

feel

/

hear

/

listen

to

/

discover

sb.

doing

如:他让我等了整整一上午。He

kept

me

waiting

the

whole

morning.

4）动词加现在分词做补语get

/

leave

/

keep

/

set

/

cat74过去分词作宾补时，常见的词有have,get,make

havesthdone

Eg:我理发了。Ihavehadmyhaircut.我让别人明白了。Imademyselfheard.5）动词加过去分词（补语）过去分词作宾补时，常见的词有have,get,make75口诀：能接不定式，又能接动名词，但意思不同的动词或词组：

forget,goon,mean,remember,stop,try，regret,巧记，

即"四'记'力争不后悔"。四记指(记得/记住；忘记；计划/打算；继续)；力争指try；不后悔指"stop

regretting"-stop与regret。

高考英语动词讲解课件76bring,hand,lend,mail,offer,owe,passpost,read,

return,send,sell,show,take,teach,tell,throw,writeV+直宾或间宾+sb+sth/sthtosbV+直宾或间宾+sb+sth/77book,buy,choosecook,draw,fetchfind,fix,getmake,order,pickpreparesavesing

sparestealV+直宾或间宾+sbsth/sthforsbbook,buy,chooseV+直宾或间宾+sbs781.没有被动形式，如happen,occur,rise,lie,die不及物动词2.主动表示被动的词

动词+(well,poorly,easily)sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,operate,break,measure,weigh1.Drywoodburnseasily.2.Theclothwasheswell.1.没有被动形式，如happen,occur,rise,li79他跑的快。Herunsfast.他经营一家工厂。Herunsafactory.Eg:study，fly，run,change既作及物又作不及物动词的词他跑的快。既作及物又作不及物动词的词801.Shelookedforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin2.Iwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling3.Thedayhehaslookedforwardto______atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.comes4.MrSmithwarnedherson____afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive5.Shepretended_____mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseenDCBExerciseAA1.Shelookedforwardeveryspr81常见的连系动词有：be,become,turn,get,grow,keep,feel,look,seem,smell,turn,fall等。它们都表示状态的渐变或保持不变，以及表示感觉。后面接形容词构成系表结构。Eg：Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.Thebreadlooksveryfresh.Hisplansoundedpractical.

（二）系动词本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词有：be,become,turn,get82状态变化系动词系动词用法习惯搭配朝坏的方面变化wrong,bad,mad,hungry,blindetc.表颜色等red,green表成长中的变化strong,tall由动态到静态转变ill,sick,asleep转向好的状态true,alive常用来指人或物的状态的变化become接名词时,名词前接冠词gocometurngrowfallgetbecome状态变化系动词系动词用法习惯搭配朝坏的方面变化wrong,83

1.Theweatherwill_____hotforanothertwoweeks.

A.last

B.remain

C.get

D.turn2.Thehotweatherwill

____anothertwodays.

A.last

B.remain

C.get

D.turn3.Theboss

madethem_____12hoursaday.

A.work

B.towork

C.worked

D.working4.Theyweremade_______12hoursaday.

A.work

B.towork

C.worked

D.workingBAABExercise1.Theweatherwill_____hotf845.----Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?----No,thetickets______wellandthey_______outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;sold

A6.Don’tgetthatinkonyourwhiteshirtforit______.A.won’twashoutB.doesn’twashawayCisn’twashingoutD.hasn’twashedaway7.Theytriedtogetthecar_______,butitwon’t______.A.started;startB.tostart;startC.started;startedD.tostart;tostartAA5.----Haveyougotaticketfo85助动词是“辅助性”动词，一般没有词义，不能单独作谓语，但可用来帮助构成谓语，表示不同的时态，语态，和数的变化。

常见的助动词有：（1）be(am,is,are,was,were,being,been)与现在分词结合构成各种进行时态，或与过去分词结合构成被动语态。Eg:I’mlookingformypen.（现在进行时）Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?(过去进行时)

ThesecupsaremadeinChina.（被动语态）（三）助动词（三）助动词86（2）have(has,had,having)与过去分词结合构成完成时。

Eg:

Theyhaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.（现在完成时）

Hehadbuiltachemistrylabforhimselfattheageoften.（过去完成时）（3）助动词do(does,did)后只能跟动词原形，与not及其他动词结合构成否定句，或置于主语之前构成疑问句。

Eg:HedoesnotspeakEnglish.

Whendidhecomeback?（2）have(has,had,having)与过去分87（4）will(would),shall(should)：

will能用于一般将来时的任何人称后；would是will的过去时，能用于过去将来时；两者后面都接动词原形。

Eg:

Theplanewillarriveintenminutes.飞机十分中后将要到达。

Iwassurethatwewouldwin.我确信用我们会赢。shall与should这两个助动词本身没有词义，shall只能用于一般将来时的第一人称后；should是shall的过去时，只能用于过去将来时的第一人称后；两者后面都接动词原形。Eg:

Weshallmeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.我们明天将在校门口见。

ItoldthemthatIshoulddotheworkalone.我告诉他们我将独自做那项工作。（4）will(would),shall(should88①

情态动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态，包括请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。②

情态动词的种类：原

形过去式词

义cancould能maymight可以（或许）mustmust(hadto)必须（不得不）willwould愿意shallshould应该needneeded需要daredared敢于（四）情态动词①情态动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或89★can’thelpbutdo=can’tbutdo=havetodoIcan’thelpbuttellhimthetruth.1.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing2.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff

DC★can’thelpbutdo=can’tbutd901)can的主要用法是：

A.

_________：

Thegirlcandanceverywell.B.

_____________：

Canthenewsbetrue?C._____________:CanIsithere?can&could：表示能力表示推测可能性表请求或允许（多用于疑问否定句中）1)can的主要用法是：can&could912)could的主要用法是：

A.__________________________________________________:Weallknewthattheyoungmancouldn’tbeadoctor.

我三岁就能看书了。

FathersaidIcouldgooutwithmyfriends.could是can的过去式,表示过去的能力,许可和推测B.could可代替can表示请求,语气委婉(主要用于疑问句）Couldyoulendmeyourbike?

CouldIuseyourbike?-Yes，youcan.2)could的主要用法是：could是can的过去式,923)Theycan't/couldn’t

havegoneoutbecausethelightisstillon.can’t/couldn’thavedone过去否定猜测mustdo/be现肯猜can'tdo/be现否猜musthavedone过肯猜3)