外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习7：必修2 Unit 1　Food for thought(含解析)

课时质量评价(七)必修第二册Unit1FoodforthoughtA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空AWhilemanycountriesaretryinghard1.________(deal)withincreasingratesofchildhoodobesity(肥胖),Japanstandsout.Thecountryhasbothhighscoresfornutritionandverylowobesityrates.Where2.________(do)thecountry'ssecretlie?Somesayit'sschoollunches3.________matteralot.AccordingtoaUNICEFreport,Japantopsthechartsforchildhoodhealthindicators,withlowratesofinfant(婴儿)deathsandfewunderweightchildren.Italsohasthe4.________(low)rateofchildhoodobesityamongthe36membercountriesoftheOrganisationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment.Certainly,therearevariousfactorsatwork,includingahealth­conscioussocietyand5.________(regular)scheduledhealthcheck­ups.6.________，anationwideschoollunchprogrammeactuallyplaysakeyrole.Inschools,thelunchesarecompulsory,whichmeansthatnopackedlunches7.________(allow).Whiletheyarenotfreeformost,theyarefinanciallysponsored,makingthemaffordable8.________students.Eachmealisdesignedtohavearound600－700calories,9.________(balance)betweencarbohydrates(碳水化合物),proteinsandvegetables.Atypicalmealisricewithgrilledfishandaleafyvegetable,10.________isservedwithsoupwithpork,alongsidemilkanddriedfruit.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。日本在经济合作与发展组织的36个成员国中，儿童肥胖率最低。文章介绍了日本儿童肥胖率低的原因。1.todeal考查非谓语动词。trytodosth.表示“努力做某事”。故填todeal。2.does考查动词的时态。此处为特殊疑问句，且句中lie为实义动词，故空处需填助动词。结合上下文可知，此处为一般现在时，且本句主语为secret，故助动词应用does。故填does。3.that考查强调句。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“itis/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他”，本句中被强调部分为schoollunches，故应用that。故填that。4.lowest考查形容词的最高级。句意：在经济合作与发展组织的36个成员国中，它的儿童肥胖率也是最低的。结合句意可知此处表示“最低的”，应用形容词最高级形式。故填lowest。5.regularly考查副词。修饰本空后的形容词scheduled应用其副词形式regularly，表示“定期地”。故填regularly。6.However/Yet考查副词。句意：然而，全国性的学校午餐计划实际上起到了关键作用。根据句意可知，此处上下文为转折关系，应用连接副词however/yet。句首字母要大写。故填However/Yet。7.areallowed考查动词的时态和语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文中的“means”可知，此处为一般现在时。主语为lunches，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填areallowed。8.for/to考查介词。此处表示“对……；为了……”应用介词for或to。故填for/to。9.balancing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，balance在句中作非谓语动词，主语eachmeal和动词balance在逻辑上为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填balancing。10.which考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为atypicalmeal，且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which引导。故填which。BFewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese1.________(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners2.________cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealisehowcheap3.________canbetoeatout.Istillremember4.________(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI5.________(shock)whenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto6.________(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe7.________(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven8.________(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein9.________(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum'shome10.________dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者介绍了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。1.dishes考查名词的单复数。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。2.who/that考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。3.it考查it的用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是itcanbecheaptoeatout。其中不定式toeatout是真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填it。4.visiting考查非谓语动词。此处指记得拜访过一个在这里住了五年的朋友。表示“记得做过某事”用“rememberdoingsth.”，故填visiting。5.wasshocked考查形容词。此处表示“我”感到很震惊。shock的主语是I，用形容词和系动词组成系表结构，表示过去发生的事，系动词用过去式。故填wasshocked。6.havebecome考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“inrecentyears”可知，用现在完成时，seemto后用动词原形，故填havebecome。7.affordable考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词后用形容词作表语，此处表示“负担得起的”，故填affordable。8.higher考查形容词的比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。9.weight考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。10.for考查固定搭配。表示去母亲家吃饭，fordinner表示“吃晚饭”，故填for。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.在警察到来前，我们最好让现场保持原样。(as)We'dbetterleavethingsastheyareuntilthepolicearrive.2.多么好的一部小说啊！我从来没有读过比这更感人的小说。(否定词＋比较级)Whatawonderfulnovel!Ihaveneverreadamoremovingone.3.最令我们担忧的是母亲患有严重的心脏病。(sufferfrom)Whatworriedusmostwasthatourmothersufferedfrombadheartdisease．4.那个问题太复杂，我们无法解决。(too...to...)Theproblemistoocomplicatedforustosolve．B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·广东湛江调研)ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberries(树莓)containalittlemoreprotein,ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质).Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoids(类胡萝卜素)weturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries,theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft­serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.1.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.2.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.3.Whatis“ajuicer”underlinedinthelastparagraph?A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.4.Whichisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.【语篇解读】本文是一篇日常生活类说明文。文章介绍了人们热爱水果丰盛的七月，这个时候的各种水果营养丰富且含有对人体有益的微量元素，尤其是香蕉。我们可以利用它做一些孩子喜欢的甜点或冰激凌。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asforcherries,theyaresodeliciouswhocares？”可知，作者在乎的是它的美味。故选C。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.”可知，往香蕉上滴新鲜的柠檬汁是为了防止香蕉变成褐色，故新鲜的柠檬汁是被用来保持香蕉的颜色的。故选B。3.D词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow”可知，ajuicer就是一台机器。故选D。4.B文章出处题。文章首先指出七月是盛产水果的季节，并指出各种水果富含的营养，最后一段指出我们可以为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故本文最可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。故选B。BWearewhatweeat.Thatisanoldexpression,butoneworthknowing.Arecentlookatdietsaroundtheworldshowsthatpeoplewhoeathealthyfood—andnottoomuchofit—livelonger.Butwhichareasoftheworldhavethebestdiets?Researchersfoundthatfoodsinsomeofthehealthiestdiets—Mediterraneandiet,NewNordicdiet,JapanesedietandFrenchdiet—maybeverydifferent,buttheyareallheavyonlocalandseasonalfoods,whichincludemorevegetablesandseafoodandlessredmeat.Mediterraneandietcontainslotsoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandoliveoil.Thediethasproperamountsoffishandpoultry(家禽肉).Redmeatandfoodshighinsugarandsaltarenotbigpartsofthisdiet.NewNordicdiethaswholegrainslikeoatsandrye,vegetablessuchascarrots,broccoliandeggs,seafood,fruits,oil,low­fatmilkandcheese.Sugarydessertsarenotcommoninthisdiet.Japanesepeoplearesomeofthelongestlivingpeopleontheplanet,withwomenupto87yearsoldandmenupto80.TheJapanesedietisthereasonforsuchlengthsoflife.Thediethasmanyfoodsthatarelowincaloriesandhighinnutrients.Japanesepeopleeatalotofseaweed,tofu,rice,vegetablesandfish.Thetraditionthereistostopeatingwhenyourstomachfeels80percentfull.However,Frenchpeopleeatfattyfoodsbutdonotgetfat.Andtheylivealongtime.Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“FrenchParadox”.ThereasonwhytheFrencheatfattyfoodswithoutgettingfatmaybesimple.Theyeatless.ServingsizesinFrenchrestaurantsandofproductssoldinstoresaresmallerthanthoseinmostcountries.Andgenerallyspeaking,mostFrenchpeopledonotsnack.Thismeanstheydonoteatfoodbetweenmeals.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthehealthiestdietsaroundtheworld?A.Theycontainabundantcalories.B.Theytendtobeexpensive.C.Theysharecertainsimilarities.D.Theyreflectpopulartastes.6.WhatisconsideredasaharmfuleatinghabitinJapanesetradition?A.Goinglowincalories.B.Eatingtothefullest.C.Havingmuchseafood.D.Pickingmanyfoods.7.Howdoestheauthordevelopthecentralideainthelast4paragraphs?A.Bybuildingconnections.B.Byexploringreasons.C.Bylistingexamples.D.Byanalysingfigures.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。5.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“maybeverydifferent,buttheyareallheavyonlocalandseasonalfoods,whichincludemorevegetablesandseafoodandlessredmeat”可知，世界上最健康的饮食有一定的相似之处。故选C。6.B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thetraditionthereistostopeatingwhenyourstomachfeels80percentfull.”可知，吃得很饱在日本被认为是不良的饮食习惯。故选B。7.C写作手法题。通读后四段可知，作者列举了这些健康饮食中的食物，故本文后四段是通过举例子的方式来说明中心观点的。Ⅱ.完形填空Astarathletestoppedbymyofficeandshewaseatenupbyself­criticismaftercommittingafewerrorsduringaweekendmatch.“I'matpeak1andIpractisehard.Howisthishappening？”Thisstudent,likemanyIteach,believessheshouldbeableto2theoutcomesofherlifebyvirtueofherhardwork.Istudyandwriteaboutresilience(抗逆力),andI'mnoticinga(n)3increaseinstudentslikethisathlete.Whentheywin,theyfeelpowerfulandsmart.Whentheyfallshortofwhattheyimaginetheyshould4.However,theyarecrushedbyself­blame.Weoftentalkaboutyoungadultsstrugglingwithfailurebecausetheirparentshaveprotectedthemfrom5.Butthereissomethingelseatplayamongthemostadvantagedinparticular:a6promisethattheycanachieveanythingiftheyarewillingtoworkforit.Psychologistshavesourcedthisphenomenontoamisapplicationof“mind­set”research,whichhasfoundthatpraisingchildrenfor7willincreaseacademicperformance.DevelopedbyStanfordpsychologistCarolDweck,mind­seteducationhasspreadacrossclassroomsworldwide.Buta2018analysisfoundthatwhilepraisinghardworkoverabilitymaybenefiteconomicallydisadvantagedstudents,itdoesnot8helpeveryone.OnepossibleexplanationcomesfromNinaKumar,whoarguedinaresearchpaperlastyearthatforteensinwealthy,pressure­cookercommunities,“Itisnota9ofmotivationandperseverancethatisthebigproblem.10，itisunhealthyperfectionismanddifficultywithbackingoffwhentheyshould,whenthefiercedriveforachievementsisoverthetop.”Thiscan11physicalandemotionalstress.Ina2007study,psychologistGregoryMillerdeterminedthatadolescentgirlswhorefusedtogiveupthe12goalsshowedelevatedlevelsofCRP,aproteinthatservesasamarkerofsystemicinflammation(炎症)linkedtodiabetes,heartdiseaseandothermedicalconditions.Thecruelrealityisthatyoucandoeverythinginyourpowerandstillfail.Thisknowledgecomesearlytounderrepresentedminoritieswhoseexperienceofdiscrimination(歧视)andinequalityteachesthemto13whatis,fornow,largelybeyondtheircontroltochange.Yetforothers,thebeliefthatsuccessisalwayswithintheirgraspisasetup.Insteadofallowingourkidstobeatthemselvesupwhenthingsdon'tgotheirway，weshouldallquestionaculturethathastaughtthemthathowtheyperformforothersismoreimportantthanwhat14inspiresthemandthatwheretheygotocollegemattersmorethanthekindofpersontheyare.Weshouldbewisetoremindourkidsthatlifehasawayofdisappointinguswhenweleast15it.It'softenthepeoplewholearntosay“stuffhappens”whogetupthefastest.1.A.coolness B.fitness C.goodness D.readiness2.A.control B.change C.adjust D.celebrate3.A.amusing B.inspiring C.troubling D.touching4.A.apply B.approve C.appreciate D.accomplish5.A.disbelief B.disagreement C.discovery D.discomfort6.A.bright B.false C.general D.flexible7.A.virtue B.ability C.effort D.status8.A.originally B.obviously C.necessarily D.regularly9.A.choice B.command C.display D.lack10.A.Instead B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.However11.A.resultfrom B.applyfor C.associatewith D.leadto12.A.immoral B.impersonal C.impossible D.impolite13.A.challenge B.accept C.assess D.inquire14.A.plainly B.probably C.immediately D.actually15.A.