(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业选择性必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle (含解析)

PAGEUNIT2HealthyLifestyleA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空AOneoftheeasiestwaystostopthespreadofdiseaseistosimplywashyourhands.Twentysecondsofhandwashingwithsoapandwatercanreducemanykindsof1.________(illness)．However,manychildrendonothavegoodhandwashinghabits.Oneproblemis2.________theydonotwashtheirhandsoftenenoughorlongenough.3.________(solve)thisproblem,twoentrepreneurs(企业家)fromIndiacreatedaproductcalledtheSoaPen,which4.________(design)toteachkidsgoodhandwashinghabits.5.________thenamesuggests,theSoaPenisapenmadeofsoap.Childrencandrawontheirhandswiththesoappenandthenwashitoff.Iftheydonotspendenoughtime6.________(wash)itoff,thecolourswillremainontheirhands.Thisisvery7.________(help)inaclassroom,becauseateacherdoesnotoftenhavethetimetomakesurethateachchildhaswashedtheirhands8.________(proper)．Theproductcouldreallyhaveagreateffect9.________publichealth.Itisreportedthat1.5millionchildrendieeachyearasaresultofdiarrhea(痢疾),10.________goodhandwashingcanreducethatnumberby40percent.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度两名企业家研制了一种叫作SoaPen的新型香皂，让孩子们能够在玩耍中愉快地洗手。1.illnesses考查名词。illness为可数名词，manykindsof之后用名词的复数形式。2.that考查表语从句。that引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分，没有实际意义，但不可以省略。3.Tosolve考查动词不定式。Tosolvethisproblem在句中作目的状语。4.isdesigned考查时态和语态。bedesignedtodosth.为固定结构，意为“旨在做某事”。此处表示目的、意图，不强调动作，故用一般现在时。5.As考查定语从句。as引导定语从句，意为“正如”。6.washing考查固定搭配。spendtime(in)doingsth.为固定用法，意为“花时间做某事”。7.helpful考查形容词。is为系动词，后接形容词，help的形容词形式为perly考查副词。修饰动词wash应用副词，故此处用proper的副词形式properly。9.on考查固定搭配。haveagreateffecton为固定短语，意为“对……有很大影响”。10.but考查连词。结合语境可知，句子前后为转折关系，故此处用but。BInhisbook,IntentionalLiving:ChoosingaLifeThatMatters,authorJohnC.Maxwellsharesthatbackin1976,hereceivedagiftfromoneofhis1.________(assist).Asheunwrappedthegift,hesawthatitwasabook2.________(name)TheGreatestStoryEverTold.Hecouldn'twait3.________(read)it.Butwhenheopenedthebook,hewas4.________(astonish)toseethatthepageswereblank.Insidethebookwas5.________notethatsaid,“John,yourlifeisbeforeyou.Fillthesepageswithkindactsandgoodthoughtsofyourheart.Writeagreatstoryaboutyourlife.”Theintentionofwritingthestoryofhislifeexcitedhim.Then,he6.________(begin)towritehisbook.Everydayweliveoutourstorythroughourwords,actionsanddecisions.Butwemustremembertolivewithintentiontofocusonwhat7.________(matter)mostinlifeandtoregainthatfocuswhenwegetchanged.Withoutintention,wecanbecomeunfocusedinthings8.________needn'taddtoalifeofsignificanceanddifferenceinourworld.Lifeisn'tperfectandit'salwayshard,9.________weneedremindersinourlifefromfriends,authors,bloggers,pastorsorourinnerspiritstorefocusonthethingsthatmatterandmakeuslive10.________(positive)．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以作家约翰·C.麦斯威尔写作的故事为引子，告诉人们要关注生活中那些重要的事情，而且要有生活的目标，这样才能积极地生活。1.assistants考查名词的单复数。根据形容词性物主代词his可知，此处应填名词，又根据“oneof＋可数名词的复数形式”结构可知，此处应填复数形式，故填d考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作名词book的后置定语，且name与book之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填named。3.toread考查固定搭配。can'twaittodosth.为固定搭配，意为“迫不及待地做某事”，故填toread。4.astonished考查形容词。设空处在系动词was后作表语，应用形容词。本句的主语是人，设空处形容主语的状态，应用astonished，表示“(感到)惊讶的”，故填astonished。5.a考查冠词。note作“短笺，便条”讲时，为可数名词，此处泛指一个便条，应用不定冠词，note以辅音音素开头，故填a。6.began考查时态。文章讲的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，故填began。7.matters考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，此处what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示单数概念，所以谓语动词应用单数形式；此处陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，故填matters。8.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导定语从句，先行词为things，指物，故应用that或which引导该从句。9.so考查连词。根据句意可知，设空处前后为因果关系，故填so。10.positively考查副词。设空处修饰动词live，应用副词，故填positively。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.这位年轻的作家下定决心在这个月底完成他的作品。(makeupone'smind)Theyoungwritermade_up_his_mind_to_finish_his_workbytheendofthismonth.2.刚被引入市场时，这些产品就取得了巨大的成功。(状语从句的省略结构)When_first_introducedtothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.3.骑自行车上班的优点是我们可以过一种低碳生活。(that引导表语从句)Theadvantageofcyclingtoworkisthat_we_can_live_a_low­carbon_life.4.给我一次机会，我决不会辜负您的期望。(祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句)Give_me_a_chance,_andI'llliveuptoyourexpectations.5．专心于画画，约翰没有注意到夜晚已经降临。(absorb)Absorbed_in_painting,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解AIfyoushowereveryday,you'reprobablyoverdoingit.Infact,showeringtoooftencanactuallyhurtyourbodyinthelongrun.AsTime'spublichealthcolumnexplains,dailyshowersarecommonduetosocialnormsmorethananyproperhealthneed.Weconnectbeingfreshlyshoweredwithbeingattractiveandpleasing,sowetendtoshoweringoftentofeelbetter.Butwhat'stheidealshowerfrequency?Intermsofyourhealth—nothowyoulookorsmell—probablyonceortwiceaweek,assistantprofessorofdermatologyatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity,DrC.BrandonMitchellsays.“Yourbodyisnaturallyawell­oiledmachine，”hesays.“Adailyshowerisn'tnecessary.”Ofcourse,yoursituationmayvary.Ifyouhaveajoblikecarmaintenanceorconstruction,you'llobviouslyhaveavisiblelayerofdirtyou'llneedtowashoffeverysingleday.Similarly,ifyouworkouteveryday,youmaynothaveanyhealthrisksbywashingeveryday,butyou'llstillbesmelly.Ifyoufeellikeyouneedtotakedailyshowersforaesthetic(审美的)reasons,atleastmakemostofthemlightshowers.“Itellpatientswhoshowerdailynottosoaptheirwholebodies，”Mitchellsays.“Hityourpits,buttandgroin,whicharetheareasthatproducestrongsmells.Therestofyourbodydoesn'tneedmuchsoaping.”Toomuchtimespentunderthehotwatercandryoutyourskin,causecracks(裂纹)thatcanleadtoinfectionsorgermsgettingintoyourskin,andtakeawaythenaturaloilsonyourskinthathelpkeepithealthy.So,evenifyou'reaimingtobeyourmostpresentable,besuretokeepitmoderatetoavoidhurtingyourskininthelongrun.1.Accordingtothepassage,whydomostpeopleshowerdaily?A.Tomeethealthneed.B.Towashoffdirt.C.Toaddtoattraction.D.Togetrelaxation.2.Whichofthefollowingpeoplemightbeadvisedtoshoweronceortwiceaweek?A.Officestaff.B.Carmaintainers.C.Buildingworkers.D.Gym­goers.3.Theunderlinedphrase“lightshowers”inParagraph4referstotheshowersinwhich________.A.brightlightsareequippedB.alittlesoapingisinvolvedC.gentleskintouchesareallowedD.lesshotwaterisused4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ShoweringDailyBecomesaCustomB.DailyShowerDoesNoGoodtoYouC.ProtectYourSkinWhenShoweringD.YouProbablyNeedn'tShowerDaily【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体有害。如果不是从事每天身上都会沾污垢或每天都出很多汗的工作，普通人一周洗一两次淋浴就足够了。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Weconnectbeingfreshlyshoweredwithbeingattractiveandpleasing,sowetendtoshoweringoftentofeelbetter.”可知，大多数人每天淋浴是为了增加吸引力。2.A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Ifyouhaveajoblikecarmaintenanceor...butyou'llstillbesmelly.”可知，那些从事每天身上都会沾污垢或每天都出很多汗的工作的人，才需要每天淋浴，B、C和D的工作都属于这些类型，A项“办公室职员”不是，故选A。3.B词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Itellpatientswhoshowerdailynottosoap...needmuchsoaping”可知，“lightshowers”指的是只在一些部位涂肥皂，而不需要全身涂抹太多肥皂。4.D标题归纳题。本文主要讲了从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体有害。如果不是从事每天身上都会沾污垢或每天都出很多汗的工作，普通人一周洗一两次淋浴就足够了。所以这篇文章最佳的标题是D项(你可能不需要每天淋浴)。B(2021·全国重点中学模拟)MichaelSurrellwasthelastpersonwhoshouldhaverunintoaburningbuilding—hislungsdidn'tfunctionwellandwereworserecently.Butthatdidn'tstophim.Hehadjustparkedaroundthecornerfromhishousewhenhesmelledsomethingsmoky,andwasworryingthathiscardidn'tworkwell.Atthemoment,anurgentcallfromAlice,hiseldestgirl,gotthatacross.Shockedandanxious,hethenwenttothehousenextdoorimmediately.“Eight­year­oldTiaraRobertsisstillonthesecondfloor！”oneofthewomencried.Thoughthefiremenhadbeencalledandwereontheway,Surrell,then60,whoonceexperiencedsuchasituationandknewitsurgency,raninsidewithouthesitation.Thethicksmokemadehimalmostimpossibletobreathe.Theconditionswouldhavebeendangerousforanyone,butforSurrell,theyweremoreseriousandlife­threatening.Afterafewminutesinthesmoke­filledhouse,hecameouttocatchhisbreath.Takingadeepbreath,hewentinasecondtime.Becausethehousehadasimilardesigntohis,hefoundthestairsandmadeittothesecondfloor.Histhroatandlungsburnedasifhehadbreathedinfire.Thesmokehurthiseyessothathisvisionwaspoorer.Thenasoftbutclearpainfulsoundcouldbeheard.Stillunabletosee,Surrellthrewhimselfontothehotwoodfloor.Hecrawled(爬)towardthesound,feelingaroundforanysignofthegirl.Finally,hetouchedashoe,andthenanankle.Shewasn'tbreathing.Heheldherintohisarmsandstood.Hefelttheheatoftheflamesonhischeeks,foughtthroughtheburningwoodandmadetheirwayoutside.SurrellputTiaradownontheporchandoneneighbourcarriedoutfirstaid.Shecoughedandopenedhereyesatlast.Tiarasurvivedthefiresafely.However,Surrelltookextramedicationthathelpedopenhisairways.“It'sasmallpricetopay，”hesaid.“I'ddoitagaininaheartbeat.”5.HowdidMichaelSurrellknowthefire?A.Hesmelledthesmokeinthedistance.B.Hisdaughtertelephonedtotellhim.C.Heheardthecallfromawoman.D.Hesawthefiremenontheway.6.WhyweretheconditionsmoredangerousforSurrell?A.Becausehewasold.B.Becausehehadlungdisease.C.Becausehisvisionwaspoor.D.Becausehelackedexperience.7.WhichwordcandescribeSurrell'sfirstattempt?A.Useless. B.Successful.C.Hopeless. D.Surprising.8.WhatcanbelearntaboutSurrellwhilehewassavingTiara?A.Hischeekswerehurtbyflames.B.Helostthewaytothesecondfloor.C.Hetookpainstoconfirmthegirl'sposition.D.Hisfirstaidknowledgehelpedsavethegirl.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。邻居家发生了火灾，患有肺病的60岁的MichaelSurrell冒着生命危险奋不顾身地冲进火海救出了8岁女孩Tiara，Surrell的英勇行为值得歌颂。5.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whenhesmelledsomethingsmoky,andwasworryingthathiscardidn'tworkwell.Atthemoment,anurgentcallfromAlice,hiseldestgirl,gotthatacross.”以及后面对Surrell去火灾现场的描述可知，Surrell闻到了烟味，但不知道是从哪里传来的，接到大女儿的电话后他明白了原因：邻居家着火了。故选B。6.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“MichaelSurrellwasthelastpersonwhoshouldhaverunintoaburningbuilding—hislungsdidn'tfunctionwellandwereworserecently.”以及第二段中的“Thethicksmokemadehimalmostimpossibletobreathe.Theconditions...moreseriousandlife­threatening.”可知，Surrell患有肺病，浓烟会让他呼吸更困难，他是最不该冲进火海的人，故B项符合题意。7.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Afterafewminutesinthesmoke­filledhouse,hecameouttocatchhisbreath.”可知，进入失火的房子几分钟后，Surrell跑出来喘气。因此，第一次救人的尝试是徒劳的。useless“无用的，无效的，无价值的”符合题意。8.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thenasoftbutclearpainfulsoundcouldbeheard.Stillunabletosee,Surrellthrewhimselfontothehotwoodfloor.Hecrawled(爬)towardthesound,feelingaroundforanysignofthegirl.”可知，Surrell扑倒在很烫的木板上匍匐前行，搜寻着女孩，故C项正确。Ⅱ.七选五Fishingisagreatfamilysport，andafunsummertimeactivity.1.Ifyouhaveneverfishedbefore,itcanseemverycomplicated.Expertfishersknowwhenandwheretofindcertainfishandthebesttechniquetocatcheachfish.Expertknowledgecomesfromyearsofexperience.2.Asabeginneryouwillwanttouseatechniquecalled“Bait(鱼饵)Fishing”.Thistypeoffishingisprobablytheeasiesttechniqueforcatchingfish.Youwillneedsomebasicfishingequipment，whichyoucangetatalmostanyoutdoorgearstore.Youwillhavetohavearodandfishingline,hooks,somebaitandifyouareplanningonkeepingthefish,youwillneedsomethingtostorethefish.Thebestwaytolearnhowtofishistolearnfromsomeonewhoalreadyknows,sowhenplanningyourfishingtrip,besuretobringalongsomeonewhohasfishedbefore.3，youwillneedtodecidewheretogofishing.Probablyforthefirsttimeyouwillwanttogotoalocallake,wherethewateriscalmandthereareplentyoffish.Youshouldalsotrytoresearchthedifferenttypesoffishthatliveintheplaceyoudecidetofish,soyouknowwhattypesofbaittheyliketoeatandwhatyouwanttodowiththefishonceyouhavecaughtit.4，youprobablywanttocleanthefish，thenstoreitbeforecontinuingfishing.Ifyouwanttoreleasethefish，beextracarefulwhenremovingthehook，soitdoesn'tgethurttoobadly,thengentlyholdthefishinthewaterandallowittoswimawayoutofyourhands.5.Takesometimetolearnfromanexpertandyouwillbeabletocatchalltypesoffishusingawidevarietyofmethods.A.IfyouwanttokeepthefishB.AfteryouhavedecidedtogofishingC.Onceyourhookandbaitisint