考研考博-英语-南京视觉艺术职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京视觉艺术职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Hediscovered,tohismortification,thatisyoungsonknewmuchmoreaboutthesubjectthanhedid.

问题1选项

A.surprise

B.decoration

C.delight

D.humiliation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项surprise“惊奇，诧异”，B项decoration“装饰，装潢”，C项delight“高兴”，D项humiliation“丢脸，耻辱，蒙羞”。句意：使他感到难堪的是，他发现他的小儿子在这方面比他懂得多。根据句意可知，mortification在句中表示“难堪”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是D项。因此，该题选择D项。

2.单选题

TheForeignMinistryholdsweeklypressconferencesto（）reporters（）thelatestdevelopmentindiplomacy.

问题1选项

A.confer...upon

B.burden...with

C.fill...inon

D.adjust...to

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配辨析。fillsB.inon为固定搭配,意为"详细告诉某人"。句意：外交部每周举行新闻发布会,详细向记者介绍外交的最新发展。选项C符合句意。

3.单选题

Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers£270million.Failuretoprovethatithadnopartincollusionwithothersupermarketsanddairyprocessorsmaylanditwithafineofatleast£80million.TheOfficeofFairTrading(OFT)saidyesterdaythatAsda,Sainsbury’sandtheformerSafeway,plusthedairycompaniesWiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompany,hadadmittedbeinginacarteltofixpricesformilk,butterandcheese.Theywerefinedatotalofjustover£116millionaspartofaleniencydealofferedbythewatchdogtocompaniesthatownedupquicklytoanti-competitivebehavior.

OfficialsattheOFTadmittedprivatelythattheydidnotthinktheywouldeverdiscoverwhichcompanyorindividualhadinitiatedthepricingformulA.Butthewatchdogrecognizesthatatthetimesupermarketswereunderpressurefrompoliticiansandfarmerstoraisethecostofmilktosavedairyfarming,thoughitisnotcertainthatmoneyfounditswaytofarmers.TheOFTclaimedinSeptemberthatithadfoundevidencethattheretailchainshadpassedfuturemilkpricestodairycompanies,whichthenreachedafixedpriceamongthemselves.

Theaveragecosttoeachhouseholdisthoughttobe£11.25over2002and2003.Priceswentupanextra3ponapintofmilk,15ponaquarterofapoundofbutterand15ponahalf-poundofcheese.Thereisnodirectrecompenseforconsumers,however,andthemoneywillgototheTreasury.TheNationalConsumerCouncilgavewarningthattheadmissionswoulddentconsumerconfidenceinleadinghighstreetnamesandthatpeoplewouldbecomeskepticaloftheirclaims.FarmersforAction,thegroupoffarmersthathasledprotestsoverlowmilkpricessince2000,isseekinglegaladviceonwhetheritcannowbringaclaimforcompensation.

TheOFTinvestigationiscontinuing,however,inrelationtoTesco,MorrisonandthedairygroupLactalisMcLelland,andanylegalactionisexpectedtobedelayeduntilthatiscompleted.

Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions.LucyNeville-Rolfe,itsexecutivedirector,said:“Aswehavealwayssaid,weactedindependentlyandwedidnotcolludewithanyone.Ourpositionisdifferentfromourcompetitorsandwearedefendingourowncasevigorously.Ourphilosophyistogiveagooddealtocustomers.”

MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthatthecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation,

Sainsbury’sadmittedyesterdaythatithadagreedtopay£26millioninfines,butdeniedthatithadsoughttoprofiteer.JustinKing,thechiefexecutive,saidhewasdisappointedthatthecompanyhadbeenpenalizedforactionsmeanttohelpfarmersbutrecognizedthebenefitofaspeedysettlement.Asdadeclinedtosayhowmuchitwouldpayinfinesandalsosaidthatitsintentionhadbeentohelpfarmersunderseverefinancialpressure.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wemayinferthat______.

2.Whoismostprobablytheinitiatorofthepricingformula?

3.Theword“defiant”inPara.5mostprobablymeans______.

4.WemayinferfromMorrison’sstatementthat______.

5.Thewriter’sattitudetoTescocanbesaidtobe______.

问题1选项

A.Tescoisthemostresoluteamongalltheretailerstodefenditsreputation

B.itisalreadyprovedthatTescohascolludedwithAsda,Wiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompanyinfixingthedairyprice

C.Tescoistryingitsbesttoproveitsinnocenceofthescandal

D.Tescoisofferedaleniencydealof£80millionbecauseofitsquickresponsetotheanti-competitivebehaviors

问题2选项

A.Retailchains

B.Farmers

C.Dairycompanies

D.Politicians

问题3选项

A.confident

B.angry

C.deficient

D.challenging

问题4选项

A.MorrisonturnouttobethemostdefensivewhendealingwithOFT

B.MorrisonisreluctanttosupporttheinquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusiness

C.industryinsiderssuggestthatMorrisonwastryingtodelaytheOFTinvestigationwithnon-cooperation

D.Morrisonindeedrefusestoadmititsinvolvementinthescandal

问题5选项

A.objective

B.biased

C.sympathetic

D.optimistic

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段。A选项“特易购是所有零售商中最坚决捍卫自己声誉的。”推测其他的零售商勾结，并没有体现出捍卫自身的声誉，可排除。B选项“事实已经证明，特易购与阿斯达、怀斯曼、乳品佳洁士和奶酪公司串通操纵乳品价格。”理解错误，特易购要证明自己并没有与其他零售商勾结。C选项“特易购正尽力证明自己在丑闻中的清白。”由题干定位到第一句“Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers£270million”中文翻译：特易购正准备打一场法律战，以澄清自己卷入这起导致消费者损失2.7亿英镑的奶制品价格操纵丑闻的名声。符合题意，因此C选项正确。D选项“由于特易购对反竞争行为的快速反应，特易购获得了8000万英镑的宽大处理。”理解错误，如果Tesco不能证明自己的清白，将面临8000万英镑的罚款。D选项可排除。综上所述，C选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据题干，A选项“Retailchains”（零售连锁店），文中所说的零售商只是将奶制品的价格提供给公司，不符合题意，可排除。B选项“Famers”（农民），文中所说的不确定农民是否得到了钱。C选项“Dairycompanies”（乳制品公司），文中所说乳制品公司操纵了的价格，符合题意，C选项正确。D选项“Politicians”（政治家），文中所说，财政部获得了补偿，因此，也可排除。综上所述，C选项正确。

3.词义辨析题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段第一句“Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions”，中文翻译为：特易购对此不以为然，并表示正准备为自己的行为进行强有力的辩护。A选项“自信的”，特易购正准备为自己的行为进行辩护，可推测他对行为很自信。A选项最符合词义。B选项“生气的”，文中没有体现特易购生气，可排除。C选项“不足的，有缺陷的”，不符合题意，可排除。D选项“挑战性的”，不符合题意，可排除。综上所述，A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第六段MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthat

thecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation.中文翻译为：莫里森支持OFT对其接管的前Safeway业务的调查，但在一份声明中表示，莫里森仍在为OFT进行“强有力的辩护”。LactalisMcLelland的发言人表示，该公司正在与OFT“合作”。业内人士暗示，这三家公司是在故意拖延OFT的调查。判断出C选项“业内人士暗示，莫里森是在试图以不合作的方式拖延OFT的调查”正确。A选项“在处理OFT时，莫里森是最具防御性的”，这里并没有体现莫里森具有防御性，可排除。B选项“莫里森不愿支持对前西夫韦公司的调查”，文中所说，莫里森支持对前Safeway公司的调查，因此，B选项错误。D选项“莫里森公司确实拒绝承认与丑闻有关”，文中并没有提及，可排除。综上所述，C选项正确。

5.观点态度题。通读全文，A选项“objective”（客观的），文中作者对Tesco的态度比较客观，符合题意，A选项正确；B选项“biased”（有偏见的），文中并没有体现作者对于Tesco的偏见，可排除；C选项“sympathetic”（同情的），不符合题意，可排除；D选项“optimistic”（积极的），不符合题意，可排除。综上所述，A选项正确。

4.单选题

Thetasteofthefoodwasso（）thatitwashardlynoticeable.

问题1选项

A.superior

B.prime

C.topic

D.subtle

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。superior“优秀的，出众的”；prime“主要的，基本的”；topic“话题，主题”；subtle“微妙的，难以捉摸的”。根据后面的内容“几乎看不出来”，可知食物的味道是很微妙的，所以不易察觉。选项D符合句意。

5.单选题

Islifetodaymoredangerousthanitusedtobe?Itcertainlyseemsthatway.Withtheradiationemittedbyourhouses,thearsenic(砷)inthewaterandthetoxicrayscomingoutofcellphones,itisn’treallysafetosleep,drinkortalk.

LastweektheentireMetrosysteminWashingtonhadtoclosedownbecausesomeonemightbeblownontothetracksduringahurricane.ThisweekchildreninWashingtonwerenotallowedtogotoschoolforawholedaybecausestreetswereblockedbyfallentreesandpowerlines,andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.

AfterSept.11,2001,thousandsofpeoplesworeoffairplanesandbegandrivingcars.Infact,theoddsofbeingkilledinaterroristincidentin2002wereonein9million.Inthatsameyear,theoddsofdyinginatrafficaccidentwereaboutonein7,000.

Bytakingtheprecautionofnotflying,manypeopledied.

Therearesomeclearpsychologicalexplanationsforsomeofthis.It’safactthatpeoplefearman-madedisasters(terrorism)farmorethantheyfearnaturaldisasters(hurricanes),andtheyaremoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol,whichiswhydrivingacardoesfeelsaferthanflyinginanairplane.Also,althoughIhavenoproof,I’llhazardaguessthatpeoplearedisproportionatelyfrightenedbythingstheyreadaboutinthenewspaper.Bycontrast,theyaredisproportionatelywillingtodiscounttheevidenceoftheirownexperience.Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthatthefoodisn’trottenorstale.

LifeisfarsaferfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhastojustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory—andmaybethatexplainstheludicrousprecautionsthatcityofficialsandfederalbureaucratsandeveryoneelsefeelsobligatedtotakenowadaystosatisfythepublic’sdemands.Nowthatwe’veeliminatedmostofthethingsthatthehumanraceoncefeared,we’vejustinventednewonestoreplacethem.

1.ChildrenarenotallowedtogotoschoolforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT______.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthepreviousgeneration______.

3.Whichistheacceptedpsychologicalexplanationforpeople’sfearasmentionedinthepassage?

4.Itisindicatedinthepassagethatinthepast______.

5．Theauthorbelievesthat______.

问题1选项

A.fallentrees

B.fallenpowerlines

C.acominghurricane

D.brokentrafficlights

问题2选项

A.knewbetterhowtoavoiddanger

B.waslessfussyaboutdangers

C.livedinamoredangerousworld

D.wasbetteratprotectingthemselves

问题3选项

A.Peoplearemoreafraidofthingstheydonotknowthanthingstheyarefamiliarwith.

B.Peoplearemoreafraidofdangersreportedinnewspapersthanthosetheyexperience.

C.Peoplearemoreafraidofflyinginanairplanethanridingatrain.

D.Peoplearemoreafraidofterroristdisastersthannaturaldisasters.

问题4选项

A.lifewasmoreenjoyable

B.waterwaslesscleanandfresh

C.foodswereofbettertasteandquality

D.streetsweresaferforchildrentocross

问题5选项

A.peopleareoverreactingtodangersnowadays

B.peoplehavegoodreasontofearthedangerstoday

C.lifeisfullofdangers,especiallyafterthe9.11attacks

D.childrenshouldbebetterprotectedagainstdangers

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.客观细节题。A选项“倒下的树木”，B选项“掉落的电线”，由原文becausestreetswereblockedbyfallentrees（因为街道被倒下的树木和电线堵塞了）可知，A,B选项是华盛顿的孩子们不能去上学的原因，排除A,B。D选项“交通灯坏了”，由原文andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.（一些十字路口的交通灯也不能工作。）可知，D选项是华盛顿的孩子们不能去上学的原因，排除D。C选项“即将到来的飓风”，由原文可知，飓风已经发生了，所以本题选C。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.（上一代可能会在过马路前绕着倒下的树走，左右张望，但这一代的孩子显然生活在一个更加危险的世界里，我们需要保护他们。），说明上一代人更懂得如何在面对危险时保护自己。因此D选项“在保护自己方面做得更好”正确。A选项“更知道如何避免危险”，B选项“对危险不那么挑剔”在文中没有提及，所以A,B错误。C选项“生活在一个更危险的世界里”，由原文可知，是这一代的孩子生活在更危险的世界里，所以C错误。

3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段第一、二句Therearesomeclearpsychologicalexplanationsforsomeofthis…andtheyaremoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol（对此有一些明确的心理学解释……人们更害怕自己无法控制的东西），说明对恐惧的公认心理学解释是人们更害怕未知的无法控制的东西。因此A选项“人们更害怕他们不知道的东西，而不是他们熟悉的东西。”正确。B选项“人们更害怕报纸上报道的危险，而不是他们所经历的。”，C选项“比起坐火车，人们更害怕坐飞机。”，D选项“比起自然灾害，人们更害怕恐怖主意灾难。”都是具体的事例，而不是心理学解释，所以B,C,D错误。

4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章倒数第二段最后一句Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthatthefoodisn’trottenorstale.（如果环顾你的社区，你会注意到水是干净的——这在100年前不一定是干净的，而且食物也没有腐烂或变质。），说明过去的水质没有现在的好。因此B选项“水没有那么干净”正确。A选项“生活更令人愉快”，C选项“食物的味道和质量都更好”和原文的意思相反，所以A,C错误。D选项“对孩子来说街道更安全”，由原文LifeisfarsaferfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhastojustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory（普通美国人的生活比人类历史上任何时候的任何人都要安全得多），现在的生活比过去更安全，所以D错误。

5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句maybethatexplainstheludicrousprecautionsthatcityofficialsandfederalbureaucratsandeveryoneelsefeelsobligatedtotakenowadaystosatisfythepublic’sdemands.（也许这就解释了为什么城市官员、联邦官员和其他所有人都觉得有义务采取可笑的预防措施来满足公众的需求。），说明作者认为这些预防措施是可笑的，也就是说人们面对危险的反应过激了。因此A选项“现在的人对危险反应过激了”正确。B选项“人们有充分的理由害怕今天的危险”，C选项“生活中充满了危险，特别是在9.11事件之后”，由原文Nowthatwe’veeliminatedmostofthethingsthatthehumanraceoncefeared,we’vejustinventednewonestoreplacethem.（现在我们已经消除了大多数人曾经害怕的东西，我们只是发明了新的东西来取代它们。）可知，现在的生活中没有那么多危险，所以B,C错误。D选项“儿童应该得到更好的保护，以避免危险的发生”不符合题意，所以D错误。

6.单选题

Accordingtothelatestreport,consumerconfidence（

）

abreathtaking15pointslastmonth,toitslowestlevelin9years.

问题1选项

A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted

D.fluctuated

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析和上下文语义。soared飙升；mutated突变，变异；plummeted骤然下跌；fluctuated波动。根据下句“lowestlevelin9years”可推测，这里指下跌，所以选项C符合语境。

7.单选题

The（）ofthewordisunknown,butitiscertainlynotfromGreek.

问题1选项

A.origin

B.generation

C.descent

D.cause

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项origin“起源、来源”，往往与过去的活动、风俗、事件等有关；B选项generation“产生、发生”，通常经过生产、操作等过程；C选项descent“遗传，派生，世系”；D选项cause“原因，因由”，一般指某事件、后果等的起因。句意：那个词的起源虽不为人所知，但肯定不是来自希腊语。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

"Museum"isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion,amuses’shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples―notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)—hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters,whilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition,Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant“Muses’shrine”

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold-enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,andlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot"collected"either,"butsite-specific",andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem—andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation,andsocouldbeconsideredMuses'shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly"inspirational"collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary"modem"workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceived:thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylumgalleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtookoff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-InselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKunsthistorischesandNalurhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（）.

2.TheideathatMuseumcouldmeanamountainorallobjectsoriginatesfrom（）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat（）.

4.Paintingandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere（）.

5.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

问题2选项

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

问题3选项

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

问题4选项

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

问题5选项

A.Theevolutionofmuseums

B.Collectionandcollectors

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。slippery意为狡猾的，不稳定的。再根据下一段的内容可以推测，这里是指它的意思多年来已经改变了。所以选项B正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希腊语中)是献给缪斯的任何东西:一座小山、一座神殿、一座花园、一个节日，甚至是一本教科书。”由此可知选项D正确。

3.细节事实题。根据原文句意：随着它们的增加和扩大，作为补充，造假者的技艺变得越来越精湛。选项C符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据第四段第一句“theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它们不是被“收藏”,而是“特定场地的”,被认为是建筑不可或缺的一部分。选项B符合原文。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了“museum”一词的演变及其现代意义的由来，所以选项A最能概括本文主旨。

9.不定项选择题

ManypeopleinvestinthestockmarkethopingtofindthenextMicrosoftandDell.However,know（1）personalexperiencehowdifficultthisreallyis.Formorethanayear,Iwas（2）hundredsandsometimesthousandsofdollarsadayinvestingthemarket.Itseemedsoeasy.Idreamedof（3）myjobattheendoftheyear,ofbuyingasmallapartmentinParis,oftravelingaroundtheworld.Butthesedreams（4）toasuddenanddramaticendwhenastockI（5）,Texascellularphonewholesaler,fellbymorethan75percent（6）aoneyearperiod.Onthe（7）day,itplungedbymorethan$15ashare.Therewasrumorthecompanywas（8）salesfigures.ThatwaswhenIlearnedhowquicklyWallStreet（9）companiesthatmisrepresentthe（10）.Ina（11）,Isoldallmystockinthecompany,paving（12）margindebtwithcaseadvancesfrommy（13）card.BecauseIownedsomayshares,I（14）asmallfortune,halfofitfrommoneyIborrowedfromthebrokeragecompany.Onemonth,Iama（15）,thenextaloser.Thisonebiglosswasmyfirstlessoninthemarket.

Myfatherwasstockbroker,aswasmygrandfather（16）him.(Infact,hefoundedoneofChicago’searliestbrokeragefirms.)Butlikesomanythinginlife,wedon’tlearnanythinguntilwe（17）itforourselves.Theonlywaytoreallyunderstandtheinner（18）ofthestockmarketistoinvestyourownhard-earnedmoney.Whenallyourstocksaredoing（19）andyoufeellikeawinner,youlearnverylittle.It’swhenallyourstocksarelosingandeveryoneisquestioningyourstock-picking（20）thatyoufindoutifyouhavewhatittakestoinvestinthemarket.

问题1选项

A.at

B.in

C.from

D.by

问题2选项

A.making

B.spending

C.selling

D.buying

问题3选项

A.losing

B.retiring

C.getting

D.quitting

问题4选项

A.turned

B.came

C.went

D.seemed

问题5选项

A.owned

B.owed

C.rented

D.sold

问题6选项

A.over

B.by

C.from

D.with

问题7选项

A.busy

B.slow

C.worst

D.fast

问题8选项

A.cheating

B.exaggerating

C.announcing

D.beating

问题9选项

A.punishes

B.defeats

C.tells

D.shows

问题10选项

A.trade

B.truth

C.lie

D.lies

问题11选项

A.despair

B.worry

C.panic

D.moment

问题12选项

A.all

B.off

C.over

D.up

问题13选项

A.credit

B.identity

C.identification

D.loan

问题14选项

A.won

B.lost

C.gained

D.found

问题15选项

A.winner

B.champagne

C.genius

D.mentor

问题16选项

A.after

B.before

C.for

D.and

问题17选项

A.remember

B.live

C.imagine

D.experience

问题18选项

A.workings

B.innings

C.price

D.shares

问题19选项

A.more

B.great

C.much

D.up

问题20选项

A.facility

B.faculty

C.ability

D.power

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:C

第12题:B

第13题:A

第14题:B

第15题:A

第16题:B

第17题:D

第18题:A

第19题:C

第20题:C

【解析】第1题:考查介词词义辨析。at和in表示“在（地点；场所；时间；空间）”；by“通过；被；依据；经由”；from“来自；从；由”，表示“从当中知道”时，know应该与介词from搭配，句意：从个人经验中知道这有多难。故正确答案为C。

第2题:考查动词词义辨析。making“做；使得”；spending“花费”；selling“卖”；buying“买”，根据dollars“美元”可知此处应该选择一个动词来与之搭配，所以此处应该选择一个词表示“花费”的意思，句意：我每天在市场上投资成百上千美元。故正确答案为B。

第3题:考查动词辨析。losing“输掉”；retiring“退休”；getting“得到”；quitting“停止”，根据上下文可知作者妄想通过炒股赚钱，实现人生梦想。根据oftravellingaroundtheworld“环球旅行”，可知此处表达的是作者辞掉工作，这样才有时间环球旅行。句意：我梦想在年底辞掉工作。故正确答案为D。

第4题:考查固定搭配。turned“转动；使旋转；转弯；翻过来”；came“来；开始；出现；发生；变成；到达”；went“走；达到；运转；趋于”；seemed“似乎；像是；装作”，cometoa...end是固定搭配，表示“导致一个……样的结果”，故正确答案为came。句意：但这些梦想突然戏剧性地结束了。判断出此处B选项正确。

第5题:考查动词词义辨析。owned“拥有”；owed“欠”；rented“租”；sold“卖”，根据后文可知此处要表达的意思是“我拥有的一只股票”，故正确答案为A。

第6题:考查介词词义辨析。over“越过；在……之上”；by“通过；被；依据；经由”；from“来自；从；由”；with“用；和；随着”，此处表达的是“在一年之中”，此处表示时间的经过时要用介词over。句意：在一年的时间里下降了75%以上。由此可知，答案为A选项。

第7题:考查形容词词义辨析。busy“忙的”；slow“缓慢的”；worst“最糟糕的”；fast“快速的”，根据下文可知此处是要选择一个形容词来描述“一天之内跌了$15”的一天，这一天肯定是十分糟糕的。句意：在最糟糕的一天，它的股价下跌了超过15美元。故正确答案为C选项。

第8题:考查动词词义辨析。cheating“欺骗；骗取”；exaggerating“使扩大；使增大”；announcing“宣布；诉说”；beating“打；打败”，根据rumor“谣言；谣传”可知此处表达的是这个公司的一个不光彩的动作，在salesfigure“销售数据”上夸大了，作假了。句意：有传闻说公司在夸大销售数字。故正确答案为选项B。

第9题:考查动词词义辨析。punishes“惩罚”；defeats“打败”；tells“告诉；分辨”；shows“显示；说明”，根据上下文可知该公司因为在销售数据上作假，所以导致其股票价格不停地下跌，这是华尔街对这个公司的惩罚。句意：那时我才知道华尔街惩罚公司的速度有多快。故正确答案为A。

第10题:考查名词词义辨析。trade“贸易；交易；行业”；truth“真理；事实”；lies“谎言”。misrepresent是“歪曲”的意思，所以根据上文提到的夸大销售数据可知此处应该是“歪曲事实”，故正确答案为truth。

第11题:考查名词词义辨析。despair“绝望”；worry“担心”；panic“恐慌”；moment“片刻；瞬间”，此处选择的名词与Ina搭配，表示的是作者当时的心理状态，联系上下文，作者在目睹自己的股票在一夜之间下跌15美元之后，心理状态应该是十分惊慌的，所以他才将股票全部卖出，inapanic表示“惊慌地”，故正确答案为C。

第12题:考查固定搭配。payall“付出一切”；payoff“付清；还清”；payover无此搭配；payup“全部付清”，根据debt“债务”可知此处应该从payoff和payup两个词组中选择，payup是不及物的，接名词时后面还应该加介词，所以此处应该选择payoff，句意：用预付款来偿还保证金债务。因此正确答案为B选项。

第13题:考查固定搭配辨析。credit“信用”；identify“确定；鉴别”；identification“身份证明”；loan“贷款”，联系上文可知此处指的是creditcard“信用卡”，因为他炒股票输了钱，只能用信用卡来偿还，故正确答案为credit。因此正确答案为A选项。

第14题:考查动词词义辨析。won“赢得”；lost“失去；输掉”；gained“得到”；found“发现；找到”，根据asmallfortune“一小笔财富”与上文中作者所购买的股票下跌可知此处表达的是作者输掉了一小笔钱，故正确答案为lost。因此正确答案为B选项。

第15题:考查名词词义辨析。winner“赢家”；champagne“香槟酒”；genius“天才”；mentor“指导者”，根据全文意思以及句子结构，可知此处填的名词应该与loser“输家”相对立，所以应该选择winner。因此正确答案为A选项。

第16题:考查介词词义辨析。after“在……之后”；before“在……之前”；for“因为；为了”；and“和；而且”，根据句子表达的意思，作者的父亲和爷爷都是股票经纪人，按照常识可知作者的爷爷应该是先于作者的父亲的，故正确答案为before。因此正确答案为B选项。

第17题:考查动词词义辨析。remember“记住”；live“度过”；imagine“想象”；experience“经历；体验”，根据全文的主题，可知作者此处要表达的观点是任何事情都需要经历之后才能了解它，此处应该选择experience，表示经历某种事情，故正确答案为experience。因此正确答案为D选项。

第18题:考查名词词义辨析。working“工作”；innings“局；回合”；price“价格”；shares“份额；股份”，此处要表达的意思是真正去了解股票市场的内部的东西，四个选项中只有working最恰当，句意：真正了解股票市场内部运作的唯一方法是用你自己的血汗钱投资，故正确答案为working。因此正确答案为A选项。

第19题:考查词义辨析。more“更多”；great“伟人”；much“许多；大量”；up“上升；繁荣”，此句要表达的意思是如果你的股票上涨，你就会感觉自己像个赢家，此处doingmuch是“上涨；赢钱”的意思，句意：当你所有的股票都表现出色，你觉得自己是个赢家的时候，故正确答案为much。因此正确答案为C选项。

第20题:考查名词词义辨析。facility“设施；设备”；faculty“全体教员”；ability“能力”；power“力量”，根据前半句“当你的股票输钱的时候，所有人都会来质疑你股票选择的”，四个选项中只有ability最为恰当，句意：当你所有的股票都在下跌，每个人都在质疑你选股的能力时，你才会发现自己是否具备在市场上投资的能力。故正确答案为ability。因此正确答案为C选项。

10.单选题

Whilehiseffortsweretremendoustheresultsappearedtobevery（）.

问题1选项

A.trigger

B.meager

C.vigor

D.linger

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近词辨析。trigger诱发meager贫瘠的vigor精力linger消磨，徘徊。句意：尽管他付出了巨大努力，但是结果却不令人满意(收获很小)答案B。while表转折，可知前后形成对比。

11.单选题

Governor(州长)PatersonandMayorBloombergagreeonatleastonething—thatthetoppriorityforrebuildingGroundZeroisthecreationofamemorial,whichcouldbebuiltbythe10thanniversaryofSeptember11Attack.

“Imentionedthattothemayor,andheagreedwholeheartedly,”Patersonsaidafterahalf-hourCityHallmeetingwithBloomberg.“Iwantedhimtoknowthatifwecanagree,we’dworkonbothendstotrytomakethathappen.WewillbegoinginadirectionthatIthinkallNewYorkerswouldbeproudof.”ThegovernorsaidthatwhilethePATHstationandthecommercialprojectsplannedforthecitywerealsoimportant,finishingthememorialwillsendapowerfulmessagetothepeopleofNewYork.“Ijustexpressedtothemayor,andheexpressedthesamethingtomethatithasalottodowiththemorale(士气，民心)ofthecity,”Patersonsaid.

Earlier,onhisweeklyradioshow,themayorchairedtheNationalSeptember11Memorial&MuseumattheWorldTradeCenter,whichraisedthe$350millionnecessaryforbuildingthecomplexandisnowraisingmoneyforamuseumendowment(捐赠).Fifteenrelativesof9/11victimswrotealetterlastweekcallingforfasterprogress,saying,“Wehopethatyouensureeverythingpossibleisdonesothatwecanshareabeautifulandinspiringmemorialwiththeworldon9/11.”

1.PatersonandBloombergagreedthatthecreationofamemorialwillbebuiltin______.

2.“We’dworkonbothendstotrytomakethathappen”means______.

3.Themayorchaired“theNationalSeptember11Memorial&Museum”inthistextreferstoa______.

4.WhatdidthemayordotorespondPaterson?

5.Thetitleofthetextwouldbe______.

问题1选项

A.2011

B.2008

C.2010

D.2009

问题2选项

A.bothofourgroupswouldworkhardtoaccomplishthebuilding

B.youandIwouldworkhardtopromoteit

C.wewouldworkcontinuallywithoutastop

D.bothofuswouldworkhardsothatitcouldhappen

问题3选项

A.meetingheldattheWorldTradeCenter

B.certaindateonwhichameetingwil