考研考博-英语-南京艺术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京艺术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Ourcountryhadmadegreateffortstopromotethefamily-planningpolicy,but（）thebirthrateisgettinghigherandhigher.

问题1选项

A.asitwere

B.asitis

C.asitwas

D.asisit

【答案】C

【解析】asitwere可以说是，似乎就是，好像；asitis实际上，事实上，既然如此；asitwas事实上，结果

却是；asisit搭配错误。句意：我国为推行计划生育政策做出了巨大的努力，但出生率却越来越高。根据句意可知，句子的时态应该为过去时所以选项C正确。

2.问答题

ThefounderofAlibabaoncesaid“Singles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.”Headdedthat:“AlibabawillholdSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalforatleast100years,andmakeSingles’DayashoppingfestivalfornotonlyChineseconsumersbutalsopeoplearoundtheworld.ThefestivalwilllastevenlongerthanAlibabaitself.”

ChineseshoppershavespentbigovertheSingles’Dayshoppingfestival,showingthecountry’sstrongeconomicrecoveryfollowingtheCovid-19epidemic.SalesonAlibaba’se-commerceplatformTmallexceeded372.3billionyuan(56.29billionU.S.dollars)betweenNov.1and12:30a.m.onNov.11.Attheshoppingpeak,583,000ordersweremadeinasinglesecondonTmall,settinganewonlineshoppingrecord.Morethan800millionshoppers,250,000brandsand5millionmerchantshaveparticipatedin2020Singles’Dayshoppingspree,accordingtoTmall.

SomeAmericaninvestorshavealreadybeguntodoubtifthefestivalwouldcomeattheexpenseoflowspendingpowerofChineseconsumersduringtherestoftheyear,whileotherinvestorsseemedtobemuchmoreworriedifAlibabawassellingfakeproductstoconsumers.Ananalystfurtherexplainedthat:“ThemajorreasonwhyinvestorsbegintocastdoubtontheeffectofSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalisthattheyworriedthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.”

Indeed,thelarge-scalediscountactivitiesonSingles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumers’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.

ThefounderofanothermajorChineseonlineretailingplatformoncestatedtothemedia,saying,“Ithasalreadybecomeacommonpracticeforbusinessownerstoplacefakeordersononlineretailingplatforms,sinceboththeseplatformsandconsumersarewillingtorankabrandbasedonitssales.”

“Sincesomeonlineretailingplatformswouldlowerthepriceagreatdealtocompetewithotherplatformsinthepricebattle,wewouldevenbuybacktheproductsweprovidedtotheseplatformswithalowerpriceandthensoldthemwitharegularpriceontraditionalsaleschannels,”aseniorsalespersonnelofatraditionalbrandoncesuggested,“Wearealmostforcedtoplacefakeorderssincemanyconsumersprefertobuyproductswithhighersales.”

Nevertheless,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.Foronething,theyhadtospendmuchmoneyinplacingfakeordersandpromotingthemselves;foranother,theyhadtolowerthepricealotandmakeprofitmerelybylargesales,whichcouldbehighlyriskywhenthehighreturnratesistakenintoconsideration.

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext.

1)WhycannotwebetotallyoptimisticabouttheenormouslyhugesalesvolumeofAlibaba’sSingles’Dayshoppingfestival?(10points)

2)HowdoestheSingles’Dayshoppingspreeinfluenceconsumersandbusinessowners?(10points)

【答案】1)Therearetworeasonscanbelisted.ThefirstoneisthatSingles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.Thesecondreasonisthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.

2)Singles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumer’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.Atthesametime,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.

3.单选题

Lifeinsuranceisfinancialprotectionfordependentsagainstloss（）thebread-winner'sdeath.

问题1选项

A.atthecostof

B.onthevergeof

C.asaresultof

D.forthesakeof

【答案】C

【解析】副词词义辨析。atthecostof以...为代价；onthevergeof濒临于，接近于；asaresultof因此，由于；forthesakeof为了。句意：人寿保险为被保者的家属提供经济保障,以防止因养家糊口的人去世而造成的损失。选项C符合句意。

4.单选题

Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoactmoreeffectivelyincognitiveareassuchasattentionandmemory.Thisistrueregardlessofage.

Peoplewillbealertandreceptiveiftheyarefacedwithinformationthatgetsthemtothinkaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.Andsomeonewithahistoryofdoingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactivemind.

Manyexpertsaresoconvincedofthebenefitsofchallengingthebrainthattheyareputtingthetheorytoworkintheirownlives.“Theideaisnotnecessarilytolearntomemorizeenormousamountsofinformation,”saysJamesFozard,associatedirectoroftheNationalInstituteonAgain.“Mostofusdon’tneedthatkindofskill.Suchspecifictrainingisoflessinterestthanbeingabletomaintainmentalalertness.”Fozardandotherssaytheychallengetheirbrainswithdifferentmentalskill,bothbecausetheyenjoythemandbecausetheyaresurethattheirrangeofactivitieswillhelpthewaytheirbrainswork.

GeneCohen,actingdirectorofthesameinstitute,suggeststhatpeopleintheiroldageshouldengageinmentalandphysicalactivitiesindividuallyaswellasingroups.Cohensaysthatwearefrequentlyadvisedtokeepphysicallyactiveasweage,butolderpeopleneedtokeepmentallyactiveaswell.Thosewhodoaremorelikelytomaintaintheirintellectualabilitiesandtobegenerallyhappierandbetteradjusted.“Thepointis,youneedtodoboth,”Cohensays.“Intellectualactivityactuallyinfluencesbrain-cellhealthandsize.”

1.Peoplewhoarecognitivelyhealthyarethose______.

2.AccordingtoFozard’sargumentpeoplecanmaketheirbrainsworkmoreefficientlyby______.

3.ThefindingsofJamesandotherscientistsintheirwork______.

4.Olderpeoplearegenerallyadvisedto______.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

问题1选项

A.whocanrememberlargeamountsofinformation

B.whoarehighlyintelligent

C.whosemindsarealertandreceptive

D.whoaregoodatrecognizingdifferentsounds

问题2选项

A.constantlydoingmemorywork

B.takingpartinvariousmentalactivities

C.goingthroughspecifictraining

D.makingfrequentadjustments

问题3选项

A.remainatheorytofurtherproved

B.havebeenchallengedbymanyotherexperts

C.havebeengenerallyaccepted

D.arepracticedbytheresearchersthemselves

问题4选项

A.keepfitbygoinginforphysicalactivities

B.keepmentallyactivebychallengesthroughspecifictraining

C.maintainmentalalertnessthroughspecifictraining

D.maintainabalancebetweenindividualandgroupactivities

问题5选项

A.Howbiochemicalchangesoccurinthehumanbrain.

B.Whypeopleshouldkeepactivenotonlyphysicallybutalsomentally.

C.Howintellectualactivitiesinfluencebrain-cellhealth.

D.Whypeopleshouldreceivespecialmentaltrainingastheyage.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第一句Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoactmoreeffectivelyincognitiveareassuchasattentionandmemory.（研究人员已经确定，当人们动脑时，大脑中会发生化学变化，使其在注意力和记忆等认知领域更有效地发挥作用。）和第二段第一句Peoplewillbealertandreceptiveiftheyarefacedwithinformationthatgetsthemtothinkaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.（当人们面对的信息能让他们思考自己感兴趣的事情时，他们会变得警觉和容易接受。），说明认识健康的人大脑在注意力和记忆等感知区域的活动更加增强，变得警觉和容易接受。因此C选项“大脑是警觉的容易接受的”正确。A选项“能记住大量信息的人”，B选项“具有高度智慧的人”，D选项“善于辨别不同声音的人”在文中均没有提及，所以A,B,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句Fozardandotherssaytheychallengetheirbrainswithdifferentmentalskill,bothbecausetheyenjoythemandbecausetheyaresurethattheirrangeofactivitieswillhelpthewaytheirbrainswork.（福扎德和其他人说，他们用不同的脑力技能挑战自己的大脑，既是因为他们喜欢这些技能，也是因为他们确信他们的一系列活动将有助于他们大脑的工作方式。），说明福扎德认为脑力活动可以帮助大脑更有效地工作。因此B选项“参加各种脑力活动”正确。A选项“不断做记忆工作”，由原文Theideaisnotnecessarilytolearntomemorizeenormousamountsofinformation（关键并不一定是学会记忆大量的信息）可知，福扎德认为没有必要持续做记忆方面的活动，所以A错误。C选项“经历特定的训练”，由原文Suchspecifictrainingisoflessinterestthanbeingabletomaintainmentalalertness.（这种特定的训练不如能够保持精神上的警觉性来得有意义。）可知，福扎德认为这种特定的训练也没有必要，所以C错误。D选项“经常进行调整”在文中没有提及，所以D错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一句Manyexpertsaresoconvincedofthebenefitsofchallengingthebrainthattheyareputtingthetheorytoworkintheirownlives.（许多专家对挑战大脑的好处深信不疑，以至于他们将这一理论运用到自己的生活中。），说明科学家们自己也正在把这种理论付诸实践。因此D选项“被研究人员自己所实践”正确。A选项“仍然是一种有待进一步证明的理论”，B选项“受到了许多其他专家的质疑”，由原文可知这个理论已经被许多科学家认可，所以A,B错误。C选项“已被普遍接受”，原文没有说该理论是否被广泛接受，所以C错误。

4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第二句Cohensaysthatwearefrequentlyadvisedtokeepphysicallyactiveasweage（科恩说，随着年龄的增长，我们经常被建议保持体育锻炼），说明多做体育活动是对老年人的一个普遍建议。因此A选项“通过参加体育活动来保持身体健康”正确。B选项“通过特定的训练来应对挑战，保持思维活跃”，C选项“通过特定的训练保持精神上的警觉性”，D选项“保持个人和集体活动的平衡”均不符合题意，所以B,C,D错误。

5.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章阐述了除了体育活动，人们还应多参加脑力活动，保持思维的活力。因此B选项“为什么人们不仅在身体上而且在精神上都应该保持活跃”最能概括文章主旨。A选项“人脑中的生化变化是如何发生的”，C选项“智力活动如何影响脑细胞的健康”在文中没有提及，所以A,C错误。D选项“为什么人们在年老时应接受特殊的脑力训练”只是文章的一个方面，不能全面地概括文章主旨，所以D错误。

5.单选题

Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe（）us.Ithinkit’shightimewe（）strongactionsagainsthim.

问题1选项

A.betrayed…take

B.hadbetrayed…took

C.hasbetrayed…took

D.hasbetrayed…take

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和虚拟语气。当句子里有序数词first/second/third...、副词only或最高级best/worst/most的时候，后面的定语从句要用完成时态。例如：ItisoneofthemostinterestingbooksI’veeverread．(这是我看过的最有趣的书之一。)，因为thatwasnot句子是过去时，这里应该用过去完成时：hadbetrayed。It’s(high)time（是做……的时候了），后面的句子要用谓语要用过去时或者should+动词原形，表示虚拟语气，所以这里要用took。句意：这已经不是他第一次背叛我们了，是我们采取强有力的行动对抗他的时候了。所以本题的正确答案是B选项。

6.单选题

HumidityissointenseinsomepartsofthetropicsthatEuropeansfindthattheyareunableto______it.

问题1选项

A.maintain

B.persist

C.endure

D.sustain

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。maintain“维持”；persist“坚持；持续”；endure“忍耐，容忍”；sustain“维持，支撑”。句意：热带部分地区的湿度过于强烈以至于很多欧洲人难以忍受。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

Wemust（）theproblemofpovertyassoonaspossible.

问题1选项

A.abolish

B.tackle

C.remove

D.encounter

【答案】B

【解析】abolish废除；tackle解决,

处理,

对付；remove移除；encounter遭遇,

邂逅。句意：我们必须尽快处理贫困问题。选项B符合句意。

8.单选题

MotherNaturehasoutpacedscienceonceagain:thebarehumanfootisbetterforrunningthanonecushionedbyshoes.Whataboutthose$125hi-techrunningshoeswith648customcombinations?Tossthem,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinNature.

“Mostpeopletodaythinkbarefootrunningisdangerousandhurts,”DanielLieberman,aprofessoratHarvard,saidinapreparedstatement.“Butactuallyyoucanrunbarefootontheworld’shardestsurfaceswithouttheslightestdiscomfortandpain...Itmightbelessinjuriousthanthewaysomepeopleruninshoes.”

Liebermanused3-Dinfraredtrackingtostudythestrikestyleofthreegroupsofrunners:peoplewhohadalwaysrunbarefoot,peoplewhohadalwaysrunwithshoes,andpeoplewhohadswitchedfromshoetoshoeless.

Theyfoundthatwhenrunnerslaceuptheirmodernrunningshoesandtakeoff,about80percentlandheel-first.Barefootrunners—asHomosapienshadevolvedtobe—usuallylandtowardthemiddleorfrontofthefoot.

Withoutshoes,landingontheheelispainfulandcantranslateintoacollisionforcesome1.5to3timesbodyweight.“Barefootrunnerspointtheirtoesmoreatlanding,”whichhelpslessentheimpactby“decreasingtheeffectivemassofthefootthatcomestoasuddenstopwhenyouland,”MadhusudhanVenkadesan,anappliedmathematicspostdoctoralresearcherwhoalsoworkedonthestudy,saidinastatement.Butascushionedkickshavehitthestreets,thatinitialpainhasdisappeared,andrunnershavechangedtheirstride,leadingtoawayofhigh-impactrunningthathumanphysiologywasn’tevolvedfor—onethattheresearcherspositcanleadtoahostoffootandleginjuries.

Perhapsitshouldcomeasnosurprisethatourbodiesarestillbetterengineeredthanthosehi-techtrainers.Whentakingintoaccountourancientancestors,“humanshaveengagedinendurancerunningformillionsofyears,”theresearcherswroteintheirstudy.“Butthemodernrunningshoewasnotinventeduntilthe1970s.”

Despitethegrowingmovementofbarefootrunners,manyresearchersarecallingformoreevaluationbeforeallthosesweatyshoesareabandoned.“Thereisnohardproofthatrunninginshoes...causesinjuries,”WilliamJungers,aprofessoratStonyBrookUniversity,wroteinacommentarythataccompaniesthenewstudy.But,heasserted,“inmyviewthereisnocompellingevidencethatitpreventsthemeither.”And,asaboosttothebarefootargument,headded,“therearedatathatimplicateshoesmoregenerallyasaplausiblesourceofsometypesofchronicfootproblems.”

21.By“MotherNaturehasoutpacedscienceonceagain”,theauthormaymeanthat______.

22.Towhichofthefollowingcanthephrase“Homosapiens”(Para.4)bemostprobablyassociated?

23.Whydobarefootrunnerstendtopointtheirtoesmoreatlanding?

24.WhatisWilliamJungers’attitudetowardbarefootrunning?

25.Thebesttitleforthistextmaybe______.

问题1选项

A.MotherNaturemaynotnecessarilymakepeoplehealthy

B.theevolutionofNatureisfasterthantheprogressofscience

C.scientificdevelopmentcannotalwaysexcelthatofNature

D.Natureismoredependablethanmodernexercise

问题2选项

A.Researchersintheexperiment.

B.Peoplewearingshoes.

C.Barefootrunners.

D.Modernhumans.

问题3选项

A.Toreducethefriction.

B.Toenablethemtorunfaster.

C.Tobearmorebodyweight.

D.Tochangetheirstride.

问题4选项

A.Disagreeing.

B.Supporting.

C.Doubtful.

D.Indifferent.

问题5选项

A.Hi-techShoesareHarmful

B.Don’tTossYourShoesAway

C.RunningBarefootIsaFashion

D.PeopleBorntoRun—Barefoot

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】21.【选项释义】

21.By“MotherNaturehasoutpacedscienceonceagain”,theauthormaymeanthat______.21.通过说“大自然再次超越了科学”，作者的意思可能是______。

A.MotherNaturemaynotnecessarilymakepeoplehealthyA.大自然不一定使人健康

B.theevolutionofNatureisfasterthantheprogressofscienceB.自然的进化比科学的进步快

C.scientificdevelopmentcannotalwaysexcelthatofNatureC.科学的发展不可能总是超越自然的发展

D.NatureismoredependablethanmodernexerciseD.大自然比现代运动更可靠

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干可以定位文章第一句“自然之母又一次胜过了科学：赤脚跑步比穿运动鞋跑步更加有利”，从中可知，光着脚跑步比穿鞋子跑步更好，那么推断，作者说这句话的意思是想表达遵循自然会比现代运动更好，故D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

B选项中的evolution在该处没有提到，属于出处错位；

C选项表述太绝对，属于曲解原文。

22.【选项释义】

22.Towhichofthefollowingcanthephrase“Homosapiens”(Para.4)bemostprobablyassociated?22.第四段中的“Homosapiens”一词最可能与下列哪一个词相联系？

A.Researchersintheexperiment.A.实验中的研究人员。

B.Peoplewearingshoes.B.穿鞋的人们。

C.Barefootrunners.C.赤脚跑步者。

D.Modernhumans.D.现代人。

【考查点】词义推测题。

【解题思路】首先定位至第四段第二句“正如Homosapiens进化到的那样（hadevolvedtobe），赤脚跑步者通常是用脚的中部或前部着地”，结合上一句“他们发现，当跑步者系上现代跑鞋开始跑步时，大约80%的人脚跟先着地”；综合理解可知，赤脚跑步者一般是脚的中部或前部着地，而穿上鞋的跑步者为了适应鞋子，用脚跟先着地；那么可推断，Homosapiens指的就是穿上现代鞋子的跑步者，B项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A、D选项不符合原文意思，属于曲解原文；

C选项与原文相反，属于反向干扰。

23.【选项释义】

23.Whydobarefootrunnerstendtopointtheirtoesmoreatlanding?23.为什么赤脚跑步的人倾向于在着地时脚趾更指向地面？

A.Toreducethefriction.A.减少摩擦。

B.Toenablethemtorunfaster.B.让他们跑得更快。

C.Tobearmorebodyweight.C.承受更多的体重。

D.Tochangetheirstride.D.改变他们的步幅。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据文章第五段第一句“不穿鞋子跑步，用脚后跟着地是很痛苦的，而且会产生1.5到3倍体重的碰撞力”，以及第二句“赤脚跑步者在着地的时候更多地用到脚趾，这样通过降低足部在突然停止时候的有效质量，从而有利于减轻冲击力”，可知，赤脚跑步如果用脚后跟着地会产生较大的摩擦力，所以赤脚跑步者更倾向于用脚趾先着地。因此，该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B、C、D选项均不符合原文，属于曲解原文。

24.【选项释义】

24.WhatisWilliamJungers’attitudetowardbarefootrunning?24.威廉•荣格斯对赤脚跑步持什么态度？

A.Disagreeing.A.不同意的。

B.Supporting.B.支持的。

C.Doubtful.C.怀疑的。

D.Indifferent.D.冷漠的。

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】根据文章最后一句“而且，为了支持赤脚的观点（asaboosttothebarefootargument），他补充说，‘有数据表明，鞋子更普遍地是某些类型的慢性足部问题的可信来源。’”可知，威廉•荣格斯对赤脚跑步的态度是支持的。因此，该题选择B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

C、D选项不符合原文，属于曲解原文。

25.【选项释义】

25.Thebesttitleforthistextmaybe______.25.这篇文章最好的标题可能是______。

A.Hi-techShoesareHarmfulA.高科技鞋有害健康

B.Don’tTossYourShoesAwayB.不要扔掉你的鞋子

C.RunningBarefootIsaFashionC.赤脚跑步是一种时尚

D.PeopleBorntoRun—Barefoot

D.赤脚者，天生就会跑步的人

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】首先定位文章首尾段中心句，第一段第一句“自然之母又一次胜过了科学：赤脚跑步比穿运动鞋跑步更加有利”，以及最后一段第一句“尽管赤脚跑步的风潮越来越热，许多研究者呼吁在完全扔掉那些臭烘烘的运动鞋之前，仍然需要进行更多的评估”；然后看到文章行文结构，文章结构是总分总的结构，中间五段都是对赤脚跑步者和穿鞋跑步者的比较，用来支持赤脚跑步比穿鞋跑步更有利，而且其中最后一段在描述赤脚跑步提到了growingmovement（蓬勃发展的运动）。综合理解，可知，该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项中的Harmful没有提到，属于无中生有；

B选项与文章大意相反，属于反向干扰；

D选项没有提到赤脚者天生会跑步，属于无中生有。

9.单选题

Thereisgrowing（）amongecologiststhatbiodiversitycannotbeadequatelyconservedbyprotectedareasalone.

问题1选项

A.consensus

B.concession

C.conception

D.contention

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项consensus“共识，一致”，B选项concession“让步，妥协”，C选项conception“构想，怀孕”，D选项contention“争论，观点”。句意:生态学家们越来越一致认为，仅靠保护区是不能充分保护生物多样性的。因此，A选项符合句意。

10.单选题

Thesamefactorspushwagesandpricesuptogether,theone（

）theother.

问题1选项

A.emphasizing

B.reinforcing

C.multiplying

D.increasing

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。emphasize强调；reinforce加强，加固；multiply增加；increase增强，提高。

句意：相同的因素推动工资和物价同时上涨，二者相互促进。这里指由于相互促进而增强，所以选项B最为恰当。

11.单选题

2.

问题1选项

A.Takeaholidayfromwork.

B.Worrylessaboutwork.

C.Takesomesleepingpills.

D.Workhardertoforgetallhertrouble.

【答案】B

【解析】W:IsthereanythingelseIcandotohelpmesleeptonight?

M:Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork.Iknow,Iknow,easiersaidthandone.

W:ShouldIstayhomefromwork?

M:No,Idon’tthinkthat’snecessary,justremembertostaycalm.

Q:Whatdidthedoctorsuggestthewomando?

【解析】细节题。医生建议：Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork（少想工作），故选B。

12.单选题

Idon’tthinkhe’syetfoundhis______inlife.

问题1选项

A.field

B.track

C.aquatic

D.archaic

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项field“领域，牧场，旷野”，B项track“轨道，足迹，踪迹”，C项aquatic“水上运动，水生植物或动物”，D项archaic为形容词，表示“古代的，陈旧的”。由life（生活、人生）可知，C、D项可排除；把A、B项代入，只有B项最符合。句意：我觉得他还没找到自己的人生轨迹。因此，该题选择B项。

13.单选题

StandingontherimoftheGrandCanyon,gazingacrossthisgiantwoundintheEarth’ssurface,avisitormightassumethatthecanyonhadbeencausedbysomeancientconvulsion.Infact,theeventsthatproducedthecanyon,farfrombeingsuddenandcataclysmic,simplyadduptotheslowandorderlyprocessoferosion.

Manymillionsofyearsago,theColoradoPlateauintheGrandCanyonareacontained1,000morefeetofrockthanitdoestodayandwasrelativelylevel.Theadditionalmaterialconsistedofsome14layeredfonnationsofrock.IntheGrandCanyonregiontheselayerswerelargelywornawayoverthecourseofmillionsofyears.

Approximately65millionyearsagotheplateau’sflatsurfaceintheGrandCanyonareabulgedupwardfrominternalpressure;geologistsrefertothisbulgingactionasupwarping;itwasfollowedbyageneralelevationofthewholeColoradoPlateau,aprocessthatisstillgoingon.Astheplateaugraduallyrose,shallowriversthatmeanderedacrossitbegantorunmoreswiftlyandcutmoredefinitecourses.Oneoftheserivers,locatedeastoftheupwarp,wastheancestoroftheColorado.AnotherriversystemcalledtheHualapai,flowingwestoftheupwarp,extendeditselfeastwardbycuttingbackintotheupwarp;iteventuallyconnectedwiththeancientColoradoandcaptureditswaters.Thenewriverthenbegantocarveoutthe277-miIe-longtrenchthateventuallybecametheGrandCanyon.Geologistsestimatethatthisinitialcuttingactionbegannoearlierthan10millionyearsago.

Sincethen,thecanyonforminghasbeencumulative.Tothecorrosiveforceoftheriveritselfhavebeenaddedotherfactors.Heatandcold,rainandsnow,alongwiththevaryingresistanceoftherocks,increasetheopportunitiesforerosion.Thecanyonwallscrumble;theriveracquiresacuttingtool,tonsofdebris;rainfallrunningoffthehighplateaucreatesfeederstreamsthatcarvesidecanyons.Pushingslowlybackwardintotheplateau,thesidecanyonsexposenewrocks,andthepatternoferosioncontinues.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.InthefirstsentencetheauthorreferstotheGrandCanyonasa“wound”toindicatethat（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingconclusionsabouttheGrandCanyoncanbedrawnfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Patternsoferosionindifferentmountainranges.

B.ForcesthatmadetheGrandCanyons.

C.TheincreasingpollutionoftheColoradoRiver.

D.ThesuddenappearanceoftheGrandCanyon.

问题2选项

A.itwascausedbysomeancientconvulsion

B.itspresenceisanembarrassmenttotheStateofColorado

C.itlookslikeaninjuryontheEarth’ssurface

D.itiscausedmanyvisitorstoinjurethemselves

问题3选项

A.Itscontoursareconstantlychanging.

B.Itcontainsapproximately14milliontonsofrock.

C.Itseruptionshaveincreasedinrecentyears.

D.Itisbeingerodedbytoxicwasteandpollutants.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了大峡谷主要是由于缓慢而有序的侵蚀作用形成；第二三段对大峡谷形成的原因和过程进行了仔细分析；最后一段进一步介绍大峡谷的进一步形成是由于各种力的作用。因此B选项“大峡谷形成的各种力”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的StandingontherimoftheGrandCanyon,gazingacrossthisgiantwoundintheEarth’ssurface,avisitormightassumethatthecanyonhadbeencausedbysomeancientconvulsion.（站在大峡谷的边缘，凝视着地球表面这个巨大的伤痕，游客可能会认为峡谷是由一些古老的震动造成的）可知C选项“看上去像是地球表面的伤痕”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的Pushingslowlybackwardintotheplateau,thesidecanyonsexposenewrocks,andthepatternoferosioncontinues.（缓慢地向后推进高原，旁边的峡谷露出新的岩石，侵蚀模式继续进行）可知大峡谷的轮廓在不断变化，因此选A。

14.单选题

By1914,tenoftheWesternstateshadgrantedwomentherighttovote,but（

）.

问题1选项

A.onlyoneintheEast

B.onlyoneeasternstate

C.intheEastonlyonestatedid

D.onlyoneintheEasthad

【答案】A

【解析】考查语法。前后句子的谓语相同，故后半句的谓语部分可省略。句意：到1914年，西部的十个州已经赋予妇女投票权，但是东部只有一个州的妇女有投票权。故A项正确。

15.单选题

Atfirst,the（

）ofcolorpicturesoveralongdistanceseemedimpossiblebutwithpainstakingeffortsandatgreatexpense,itbecameareality.

问题1选项

A.transaction

B.transmission

C.transformation

D.transition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析题。A选项transaction“办理，处理；业务，交易”；B选项transmission“播送，发射，传送”；C选项transformation“变化，转化”；D选项transition“转变，转换”。句意：起初，远距离传输彩色图片似乎是不可能的，但随着人们的艰苦努力和花费的巨大的代价，它终于变成了现实。结合句意，表示传输彩色图片，故B选项正确。

16.单选题

JimandMiketriedtomovethelargerockbuttheycouldnot（

）it.

问题1选项

A.arouse

B.provoke

C.budge

D.dodge

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。arouse“引起；唤醒；鼓励”；provoke“驱使；激怒；煽动；惹起”；budge“使让步；挪动”；dodge“躲避，避开”。句意：吉姆和迈克试图把那个大石头搬走，但他们不能移动它。选项C符合题意。

17.单选题

Thailand'sPrimeMinistertoldthenationonalivetelevisionthatthegovernmentwasgoingto（）terrorists（）the"red-shirt"protesters.

问题1选项

A.hinder…from

B.distinguish…from

C.prevent..from

D.distinct…from

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。hinder…from妨碍，阻止；distinguish…from区分，辨别；prevent..from预防，防止；distinct…from与…不同。句意：泰国总理阿披实星期一在电视上对全国人民说，将把恐怖分子和红衫军抗议者区分开。只有B项符合句意。

18.单选题

AfterworkingwithEllenformanyyears,wekneweachotherverywellandestablishedagood________.

问题1选项

A.rapport

B.rapine

C.prospect

D.rapture

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“rapport”，意为“亲善；融洽；和睦关系”；B选项“rapine”，意为“掠夺；劫掠”；C选项“prospect”，意为“前途；预期；景色”；D选项“rapture”，意为“狂喜；欢天喜地；兴高采烈”。句意：和艾伦一起工作多年后，我们彼此非常了解，并建立了__良好的关系__。本句表示“因为和艾伦一起工作多年，彼此也十分了解，两人之间建立了亲密、和谐的良好关系”。因此A选项符合题意。

19.单选题

问题1选项

A.Hestayedupverylateattheparty.

B.Hedidn’tgohomeaftertheparty.

C.Hesuffersfromsleeplessness.

D.Heusedtobeinpoorhealth.

【答案】A

【解析】3.W:Youlooksobad.What’sup?

M:Myheadisspinning.Ihadabunchofmyfriendsoverlastnightandweparteduntilthethreehours.IguessIjustcan’ttakelatenightslikeIusedto.

Q:Whatistrueabouttheman?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：有关这个男人，下列哪一项是正确的？由文中“Ihadabunchofmyfriendsoverlastnightandweparteduntilthethreehours.（昨天晚上我和一群朋友玩到很晚，直到三点才散。）”，可知A选项“Hestayedupverylateattheparty.（他熬夜参加聚会到很晚。）”符合原文。B选项“聚会结束后他没有回家”；C选项“他失眠”；D选项“他过去身体不好”不符合原文。

20.单选题

Therearenotmanyteacherswhoarestrong（

）oftraditionalmethodsinEnglishteaching.

问题1选项

A.sponsors

B.contributors

C.advocates

D.performers

【答案】C

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。Sponsor“赞助者”；contributor“捐赠者”；advocate“倡导者，支持者”；performer“表演者”。句意：很多老师都不再强烈倡导传统英语教学法了。选项C符合题意。

21.单选题

Manycratersontheearth'ssurfacewereprobablyformedbyverylargemeteorites（）.

问题1选项

A.smashingintothegroundandexploding

B.whichsmashedintothegroundandanexplosion

C.whensmashedintothegroundwasanexplosion

D.theysmashedintothegroundandexploded

【答案】A

【解析】分析句子结构可知,meteorites为本句的逻辑主语,动作与逻辑主语构成主动关系,这里是分词短语做后置定语。所以选项A正确。

22.单选题

Hewasthekingoffarceandthemostinfluentialneoclassicalplaywright.Hischaracterswereusedto（）realpeople,andhewasinterestedinshowingtherealityofhumanweaknessasmuchaspossible.

问题1选项

A.depict

B.ridicule

C.amuse

D.imitate

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。depict“描述”；ridicule“嘲笑”；amuse“娱乐”；imitate“模仿”。句意：他是喜剧之王，也是最具影响力的新古典主义剧作家。他的剧中人物都用来描述真正的人物，并且他对尽可能展现人性的弱点充满兴趣。选项A符合题意。

23.单选题

Iabsolutelyopposethe（

）thatprivatization（私有化）isnowinevitableinourindustry.

问题1选项

A.notice

B.notion

C.impression

D.conscience

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。notice通知；notion概念，见解；impression印象；conscience道德心，良心。

句意：我完全反对认为私有化在我们这个行业是不可避免的这种见解。选项B符合句意。

24.单选题

Oneofthechieffunctionsofslangwordsistoconsolidateone’s（）withagroup.

问题1选项

A.introduction

B.superstition

C.identification

D.specification

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项introduction“介绍；引进；入门”；B选项superstition“迷信”；C选项identification“辨认；认