考研考博-英语-华北科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-华北科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

HeavyrainfallinthesouthofEnglandmeansthatfloodingis（

）.

问题1选项

A.imminent

B.momentous

C.transient

D.prospective

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。imminent“即将发生的；迫近的”；momentous“重要的；重大的”；transient“短暂的；路过的”；prospective“未来的；预期的”。句意：英格兰南部的暴雨意味着即将有洪水发生。选项A符合题意。

2.问答题

The(A)fantasticachievementsofmoderntechnologyandthespeed(B)withwhichscientificdiscoveriesare(C)translatedintotechnologicalapplications(D)attesttothetriumphofhumanefforts.

【答案】B；“with”改为“at”。

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：现代技术的惊人成就和科学发现转化为技术应用的速度证明了人类努力的胜利。句中“withwhich”引导定语从句，修饰先行词“speed”，因为有固定搭配“atthespeed”表示“以……的速度”，所以将B项的介词“with”改为“at”。

3.写作题

Describechildrensurfingthenetbrieflyandgiveyourcomments.

【答案】Nowadays,theInternetisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsthroughouttheworld.TheInternetisacollectionofvariousservicesandresourcesforpeople.AlmostallhouseholdshaveaccesstotheInternet；however,beforepeopleconnectingtheInternet,theyneedtobeawareofitsdisadvantagesandadvantages.Childrenofnetusershavebecomeabigconcern.MostparentsdonotrealizethedangersinvolvedwhentheirchildrenlogontotheInternet.Whenchildrenareonline,theycaneasilybeluredintosomethingdangerous.Whenchildrentalktoothersonline,theydonotrealizetheycouldactuallybetalkingtoaharmfulperson.Asaresult,therehavebeenmanycaseswherechildrenhavebeenconvincedtomeetpeopletheyhavetalkedwithonline.Inaddition,childrenmayalsoreceivepornographyonlinebymistake;therefore,causingconcernamongparentseverywhere.WhethersurfingtheWeb,readingnewsgroups,orusingemail,childrencanbeexposedtoextremelyinappropriatematerial.Pornographicsitestendtomakesuretheyarethefirstsitestobelistedinanysearcharea；thus,childrencomeacrosssuchsiteseasily.

Wecouldcontroltheissuefromthefollowingthreeaspects.Firstandforemost,parentsareresponsiblefortheirownchildrenontheInternetbecausethereareavailableservicestoprotectchildren.Further,tokeepchildrensafe,parentsandteachersmustbeawareofthedangers.Theymustactivelyguideandguardtheirchildrenonlineandshouldtalktochildrenaboutwhatisonlineandwhatmighthappenonline.Inaddition,thecompaniesshoulddevelopanumberoftoolsavailabletodaythatmayhelpkeeptheInternetenvironmentsaferforchildren.Inotherwords,childrenwanttoexplorethings；however,therearepeopleontheInternetthatarejusttoopersuasive.

4.单选题

TheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilestablishedtheICTRin1995totrytheallegedperpetratorsofthe1994（

）inRwandathatclaimedthelivesofmorethan800,000people.

问题1选项

A.genocide

B.immigration

C.discrimination

D.election

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。genocide“种族灭绝，种族屠杀”；immigration“移民”；discrimination“歧视，区别”；election“选举；当选”。句意：联合国安理会于1995年建立了卢旺达国际刑事法庭，来审判1994年导致八十多万人死亡的卢旺达大屠杀中被指控的凶手。选项A符合题意。

5.单选题

Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovementinthelatenineteenthcentury______theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical.

问题1选项

A.diffuses

B.undermines

C.supports

D.underscores

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项diffuse“扩散，传播”，B项undermine“逐渐削弱（信心、权威等），渐渐破坏”，C项support“支持，帮助，支撑”，D项underscore“强调，划线于……下”。根据句子可知，句子缺少一个谓语动词，由Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovement（积极分子为妇女选举权和禁酒运动所做的积极工作）和theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical（这两个运动是敌对的断言）可判断，这两者的关系是“削弱”，B项符合。句意：19世纪晚期，积极分子为妇女选举权和禁酒运动所做的积极工作削弱了这两个运动是敌对的论断。因此，该题选择B项。

6.单选题

（

）wecontinuetoworkhard,wecanfinishthetaskaheadofschedule.

问题1选项

A.Assoonas

B.Asfaras

C.Solongas

D.Sofaras

【答案】C

【解析】考察固定搭配。assoonas一…就；asfaras至于；sofaras到目前为止；solongas“只要”，句意：我们只要继续努力工作，就能在计划之前完成工作。选项C符合句意。

7.单选题

Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitisimpossibletoreadalltheworksrelevanttohisownsubject,______extensivelyoutsideofit.

问题1选项

A.muchmoretoread

B.muchlesstoread

C.muchlessreading

D.stillmorereading

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.muchmoretoread要读得更多

B.muchlesstoread更不用说去读

C.muchlessreading更不用说读D.stillmorereading仍然更多的阅读

【考查点】比较级的用法。

【解题思路】句子中谓语动词find的真正宾语是toread…，所以比较成分中同样要用to的不定式；而muchless为常见用法，表示“更不用说”，符合句子意思。故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】

A选项不符合句子意思，与主句语意相矛盾；

C、D选项中的reading和主句中宾语成分结构不对等。

【句意】事实上，几乎每一位科学家现在都发现，要读完与自己学科相关的所有著作是不可能的，更不用说广泛阅读学科之外的著作了。

8.单选题

Fiveyearsago,thatcoupleboughtthehouse（）_makingaquickprofitoutofit.

问题1选项

A.witheyesopento

B.ingoodeyesat

C.withaneyeto

D.byaneyeat

【答案】C

【解析】词组辨析。withaneyeto“着眼于，指望着”为固定搭配。没有A、B和D项的搭配，可排除。句意：五年前，那对夫妇买下这所房子，希望能很快从中获利。选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

Somepeoplesaythatthestudyofliberalartsisauselessluxurywecannotaffordinhardtimes.Students,theyargue,whodonotdevelopsalableskillswillfinditdifficulttolandajobupongraduation.Butthereisaprobleminspeakingof“salableskills.”Whatskillsaresalable?Rightnow,skillsformakingautomobilesarenothighlysalable,buttheyhavebeenfordecadesandmightbeagain.Skillsinteachingarenotnowassalableastheywereduringthepast20years,andthepopulationchartsindicatetheymaynotbesoonagain.Homeconstructionskillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates.What’smore,ifonewantstobuildacurriculumexclusivelyonwhatissalable,onewillhavetomakethecourseveryshortandchangethemveryoften,inordertokeepupwiththerapidchangesinthejobmarket.Butwillnottheeffortbeinvain?Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.

ASchoolthatdevotesitselftotallytosalableskills,especiallyinatimeofhighunemployment,sendingyoungmenandwomenintotheworldarmedwithonlyanarrowrangeofskills,isalsosendinglambsintothelion’sden.Ifthosepeoplegainnothingmorefromtheirstudiesthansupposedlysalableskills,andcan’tmakethesalebecauseofchangesinthejobmarket,theyhavebeencheated.Butifthoseskillsweremorethansalable,ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated.Theywillfindsomekindofjobsoonenough.Flexibility,anabilitytochangeandlearnnewthings,isavaluableskill.Peoplewhohavelearnedhowtolearncanlearnoutsideofschool.Thatiswheremostofushavelearnedtodowhatwedo,notinschool.Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills.

1.Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthattheauthorisinfavorof

______.

2.Theword“fluctuate”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans______.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whoofthefollowingismorelikelytogetajobintimesofhighunemployment?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,indevelopingacurriculumschoolsshould______.

问题1选项

A.teachingpracticalskillsthatcanbesoldinthecurrentjobmarket

B.aflexiblecurriculumthatchangeswiththetimes

C.aliberaleducation

D.keepingabalancebetweenthesupplyanddemandinthelabormarket

问题2选项

A.remainsteady

B.changeinanirregularway

C.followasetpattern

D.becomeworseandworse

问题3选项

A.Apersonwiththeabilitytolearnbyhimself

B.Aconstructionworker

C.Acarrepairman

D.Apersonwithquiteafewsalableskills

问题4选项

A.predictthesalabilityofskillsinthefuturejobmarket

B.takethecurrentjobmarketintoconsideration

C.considerwhatskillaresalable

D.focusontheabilitytoadapttochanges

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.（在一个人们可以自由学习他们想要的东西、在他们想要的地方工作、在他们想要的地方投资的社会里，我们不可能使劳动力的供求完全一致）可知作者没有特地支持哪一种教育，而是支持他们自由地学习。C选项“自由的教育”，符合文章内容，C选项正确。A选项“教授一些实用的技能，这些技能可以在当前的就业市场上得到销售”，作者在文中写到，不确定哪些技能值得推销，可排除A选项。B选项“随时代变化的灵活课程”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“保持劳动力市场供求平衡”，文章提到并不能做到劳动力供求一致，D选项可排除。因此C选项正确。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文中第一段Homeconstructionskillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates（随着就业市场的波动，住房建造技能的变化是销售能力变化的另一个例子）。选项B“不规则的变化”，文章所说，就业市场的波动，可以理解为不规则的变化，选项B正确。选项A“保持稳定”，不符合文章的内容，可排除。选项C“依照成法”，不符合文章内容，可排除。D选项“日就衰败”，不符合文章内容，可排除。因此B选项正确。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到文章第二段第三句Butifthoseskillsweremorethansalable,ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated.Theywillfindsomekindofjobsoonenough（但如果这些技能很受欢迎，如果学习能让他们更好地了解周围的世界，并能更好地适应不断变化的世界，那么他们就没有受骗。他们很快就会找到工作的）。由此句可推测，那些拥有自学能力的人，可以在高失业率下找到工作。A选项“有自学能力的人”，符合文章内容，A选项正确。B选项“建筑工人”，文章没有提到此内容，B选项排除。C选项“汽车修理工”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。D选项“一个有相当多的销售技巧的人”，一所完全致力于销售技能的学校，尤其是在高失业率的时候，就是把男女送进虎穴，可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Peoplewhohavelearnedhowtolearncanlearnoutsideofschool.Thatiswheremostofushavelearnedtodowhatwedo,notinschool.Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills.（学会了如何学习的人可以在校外学习。那是我们大多数人学会做我们所做的事情的地方，而不是在学校。学会学习是最高的自由技能之一）。由此句可推测，要学会如何学习，关注适应变化的能力。D选项“关注适应变化的能力”，符合文章内容，因此D选项正确。A选项“预测技能在未来就业市场的销售能力”，销售能力只是有限的技能，A选项排除。B选项“把当前的就业市场也考虑进去”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。C选项“考虑什么技能是可以销售的”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除C选项。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Mary（）myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

问题1选项

A.hasreceived

B.oughttohavereceived

C.couldn'thavereceived

D.shouldhavereceived

【答案】C

【解析】辨析题。句意：Mary不可能收到了我的信,

否则她早就回复我了。只有选项C符合句意。

11.单选题

Althoughtherehasbeenagreatdealofconstructionattheuniversityinthelastfewyears,butthecampusstillfeelsfairlyopenanduncluttered.

问题1选项

A.therehasbeen

B.attheuniversityinthelast

C.butthe

D.feelsfairlyopenanduncluttered

E.没有问题

【答案】C

【解析】连词多余。去掉but。句子中已经有了从属连词although，故并列连词but多余。

12.填空题

Inthe8thcenturygigakufellintodisfavorbecauseitsfrivolous(愚蠢的)character________theJapaneserulersoftheperiod.(please)

【答案】displeased

【解析】【考查点】动词。

【解题思路】because引导原因状语从句，横线处为谓语动词。根据时间8thcentury，可知句子时态为一般过去时。这里指的是伎乐愚蠢可笑的特点让统治者______，因此伎乐不受欢迎，displease的意思为“使恼怒，使生气，使不悦”，符合语境，其过去式为displeased。

【句意】在8世纪，伎乐因其愚蠢可笑的特点，当时的日本统治者听了不悦，因此不受欢迎。

13.单选题

Theartisthasmadea()ofcombiningthefirst-ratephotographyanddesignwithadvancedtechnologyineverypieceofworkheproduces.

问题1选项

A.discipline

B.principle

C.proposal

D.principal

【答案】A

【解析】discipline学科，纪律，训练，惩罚；principle原则，原理；proposal建议，提议；principal首长，校长。句意：这位艺术家在他的每一件作品中都把一流的摄影和设计与先进的技术结合起来。选项A符合句意。

14.单选题

________theythinkitwillcometoanendthroughthehandsofGod,oranaturaldisasterorapoliticalevent,whateverthereason,nearly15percentofpeopleworldwidethinktheendoftheworldiscoming,accordingtoanewpoll.

问题1选项

A.Either

B.Whether

C.Neither

D.If

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：一项最新调查显示，全世界近15%的人认为世界末日即将来临。要么是通过上帝之手，要么是天灾或者政治事件。根据题干中…or…可知空格处应填写与之搭配的词语，只有either…or…符合要求。因此A选项符合题意。

15.问答题

Indealingwithastudentwhoisactingaggressivelytowardhisclassmates,youwanttosendastrongmessagethataggressivebehaviorwillnotbetoleratedinyourclassroom.Inaddition,youwanttohelphimdevelopmoreappropriatewaysofsettlingdisputeswithhispeers.

Iftwoelementaryschoolstudentsareengagedinafight,useastrongloudvoicetostopit.Ifthatdoesn’twork,youmightsaysomethingodd(“Lookup!Theceilingisfalling!”)todiverttheirattention.Iftheystilldon’tstopandyoucan’tseparatethem,sendastudenttotheofficetogethelp.Ifacrowdofchildrenisgathering,insistthattheymoveawayorsitdown,perhapsclappingyourhandstogettheirattention:(1)Aftertheincidentisover,meetwiththecombatantstogethersotheycangiveyoutheirversionsofwhathappenedandyoucanhelpthemresolveanylingeringproblems.Alsonotifytheparents.

Speakinafirm,no-nonsensemannertostopastudent’saggressivebehavior:usephysicalrestraintasalastresort.Whenrespondingtothestudent,payattentiontoyourverbalaswellasnon-verballanguage.Evenifheisyellingatyou,staycalm.Allowhimtoexpresswhatheisupsetaboutwithoutinterruptinghimandthenacknowledgehisfeelings.Avoidcrossingyourarms,pointingafingerormakingthreats:(2)anyofthoseactionscouldintensifyhisangerandstiffenhisresistance.

Youmightconcludethatastudent’saggressivebehaviorwarrantsseparatinghimfromtherestoftheclass,eithertosendhimastrongmessagethatwhathedidmeritsaseriousconsequenceortoprotecttheotherstudents.Youcandothatbygivinghimatimeoutinclassorbysendinghimtotheoffice.

Althoughhemightexpectyoutoreact(3)punitively,surprisehimbyreactingsupportively.Expressyourconfidencethathecanresolveproblemswithoutbeinghurtfultohispeers.Tellhimthatyouthinkhemustbeupsetaboutsomethingtolosecontrolashedidandyouwanttounderstandwhatmightbebotheringhim.Ifhedoesopenuptoyou,listenattentivelywithoutinterrupting.(4)Speakinginacalmvoice,tellhimthatyouunderstandwhyhewasupset,butstressthathehastofindawaytoexpresshisangerwithwordsratherthanwithhishands.

Youdon’twanttoforceanaggressivestudenttosayheissorrybecausethatmightfuelhisanger,however,youdowanttostronglyencouragehimtomakeamendswiththestudenthehit.(5)Ifheiswillingtodothat,itwillhelpsoothehurtfeelingsandavoidfutureconflicts.

【答案】答：

1.Youneedtochatwithcombatantsengagedinthefightsoonafterwards,toknowthedetaileddescriptionofincidentsandhelptoreconcilethebothside,andinformtheirparents.

2.Anycriticalspeechandactivitywillintensifyaggressivestudent’sangerandstiffenhisresistance.

3.involvingpunishment

4.Speakingtohimcalmlytotellyourunderstandingabouthisupset,youstressthatheshouldlearntoexpressintenseemotionwithwordsratherthanwithfightingways.

5.Onceanaggressivestudentiswillingtosaysorrywithoutinstruction,itwillhelpsoothothers’hurtfeelingandavoidfutureconflicts.

【解析】1.原文句意是：事件结束后，与打架的双方学生见面，让他们告诉你发生了什么，帮助他们化解相互之间的矛盾，同时还要通知家长。通过分析原文句子，该句的意思是两层：一是在打架后和学生谈话并了解情况，二是通知家长。故该句子可以改写为Youneedtochatwithcombatantsengagedinthefightsoonafterwards,toknowthedetaileddescriptionofincidentsandhelptoreconcilethebothside,andinformtheirparents（你需要和打架同学交谈，了解事件的详情，帮助调解双方，并告知他们的父母）。

2.原文句意是：任何这些行为都可能加剧他的愤怒和加强他的抵抗。根据原文可知原句中的thoseactions指的是上文所提到的行为，上文提到Evenifheisyellingatyou,staycalm.（即使他对你大喊大叫，你也要保持冷静）和Avoidcrossingyourarms,pointingafingerormakingthreats（避免交叉双臂，用手指或威胁），由此可知，thoseactions指的是言语和动作上的行为，所以该句可以扩充改写为Anycriticalspeechandactivitywillintensifyaggressivestudent’sangerandstiffenhisresistance（任何批评性的言论和活动都会加剧好斗学生的愤怒，加强他们的反抗）。

3.原文中这个词语的意思是“惩罚地”；整个句子的意思是：虽然他可能期望你的反应是惩罚性的，但让他惊讶的是你的反应是支持的。这里可以把punitively副词形式改写为非谓语动词形式involvingpunishment（设计惩罚）。

4.原文句意是：用平静的声音告诉他，你理解他为什么难过，但强调他必须用语言来表达愤怒，而不是用手。原文的clam（冷静的）可以改为副词，即calmly（冷静地）；anger（愤怒）可以换一种说法，即intenseemotion（强烈的感情）；那么整个句子就是Speakingtohimcalmlytotellyourunderstandingabouthisupset,youstressthatheshouldlearntoexpressintenseemotionwithwordsratherthanwithfightingways（平静地和他说话，告诉他你理解他的难过，强调他应该学会用语言而不是用争斗的方式表达强烈的情感）。

5.原文句意是：如果他愿意这样做，这将有助于安抚受伤的感情，避免未来的冲突。这个句子我们要理解原句中that所指代的内容；原文最后一段第一句提到youdowanttostronglyencouragehimtomakeamendswiththestudenthehit.（你确实想要强烈鼓励他向他打过的学生赔罪），由此可知，that所指代的内容就是鼓励学生道歉；那么这个句子可以解释为Onceanaggressivestudentiswillingtosaysorrywithoutinstruction,itwillhelpsoothothers’hurtfeelingandavoidfutureconflicts（一旦一个好斗的学生愿意在没有得到指导的情况下说对不起，这将有助于缓解他人受到的伤害，避免未来的冲突）。

16.单选题

Sinceitwaslastsubstantiallyreformed30yearsago,theU.S.PostalServicehasusuallyturnedaprofit:itsgovernment-mandatedmonopolyisonereason.Butsizeisanother.WhenU.S.postageratesareincreasedbyasinglepenny,another$1billonpoursintotheUSPS.Thismonopolyhasplentyofaddedbonuses.Lettercarriersreceivefederalbenefitsanddon’thavetopayparkingtickets.Theservicepaysnosalesorpropertytaxes,nolicensefeesforitsmailtrucks.Thepostalservicealsoplanstoincreasethecostofmailingmagazines15%,amovethathasraisedtheangerofmagazinepublishers.

Thereisnoshortageofcritics.Newspaperheadlinebemoanthe“PostalDisservice”andcryforprivatization.Oklahomalegislatorshavepassedaresolutionchallengingtheservice'stax-exemptstatus.FederalstudieschargetheUSPSwitheverythingfrommismanagementtomisappropriation.Accordingtothefederallimes,thepostoffice’sInternationalBusinessUnitwasgivenfundingandastaffof200tocreateanextensivegloballogisticsnetworkthatwassupposedtogenerate$10billioninrevenueby2005.Theprograms,knownasGlobalPriorityMailandGlobalPackageLink,flopped.YetanotherauditfoundthattheUSPSlossesmorethan$1billonayearbynotcollectinginternationaldutiesonpackages.Perhapsworstofall,CNFTransportation,whichownsEmeiyWorldwide,issuingthepostofficefornotpayingitsbillsonanoverseas-deliveryjointventure.

Newalliances-liketheonewithFedEx-maybetheUSPS’sbestchanceforsurvivalinadigitalworld,wheresuccessislessaboutdeliveringenvelopesthanaboutoptimizingnetworksandmanaginginformation.

Ultimately,however,therealbeneficiaryofaUSPS-FedExalliancewillbetheMemphis-basedpowerhouse.Besidesgainingaccesstothat“lastmile”tosomeone'smailbox,FedExcouldleveragethearrangementbyplantingdrop-offboxesinpost-officelobbies.Evenifgovernmentregulatorslimitthecombinationonantitrustgrounds,FedExissteamingaheadwithotherjointventures,includingadealwiththeFrenchpostalagencyLaPoste.FredSmithhasalreadyprovedFedEx'sglobalstrength.Mostanalystsseehisdomesticstrategyasacleverwaytopositionhis29-year-oldcompanyforwhatmanybelievewillbetheUSPS’inevitabledissolution.

Unlessitundergoesradicalreformsoon,theU.S.PostalService'sdaysareprobablynumbered.Evenitsprimarymarket,firstclassmail,isexpectedtoshrink27%overthenextdecade,representingthelossofanadditional$17billioninrevenues.AndsomeanalystswarnthatdealswithprivatecarrierswillsimplyundercutUSPSassets,leavingitwithlittlemorethanitsmostrural-andleastprofitable-routestoserve.

PostmasterGeneralHendersonresistseventhesuggestionthatPostalServicecoulddisappearandhasvowedtoshakeuphismassiveorganization.YetintestimonytoCongresslastmonth,heseemedresignedtoafatethatisuncertainatbest.Ashearguedforsupportofthepostalreformbillthathaslanguishedincommitteeformanyyears,theUSPSveteranfellbackonasentimentalplea.Hecitedstatisticsshowingthat66%ofallAmericanbelievethemailisourmostprivateandsecurefromofcommunication.“Thesefindingsareatestimonytotheenduringstrengthanduniquepowerofthemail,”saidHenderson.“Peoplelookforwardtothemail,andwhenitarrives,theygiveittheirundividedattention.”

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisthecorrectreasonwhyUSPSiscriticized?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.TherealchanceforthesurvivaloftheUSPSinthepresentdigitalworldis（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,therealbeneficiaryofaUSPS-FedExallianceis（）.

5.Whatisthecorrectmeaningtotheworld“languish”inthelastparagraphofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Thegovernment-mandatedmonopolyoftheUSPS.

B.Thetax-exemptstatusoftheUSPS.

C.ThemisuseoffundsoftheUSPSwhichcausesgreatlossesforthegovernment

D.Allofabove.

问题2选项

A.Newprograms,likeGlobalPriorityandGlobalPackageLinkmakeprofitsforUSPSaswell.

B.Thegovernment-mandatedmonopolygivesUSPSmanyopportunitiestoearnmoney.

C.TheavoidingofpayingtaxesisanotherwaythatUSPSusestoincreaseitsprofit.

D.ThebigsizeisonereasonthatUSPSmakesprofitsinthelast30years.

问题3选项

A.newalliance

B.thedealwithforeignpostalagencyLaPoste

C.thesupportofthepostal-reformbill

D.radicalreform

问题4选项

A.USPS

B.Memphis

C.FedEx

D.otherjointventures

问题5选项

A.plea

B.support

C.decay

D.suggest

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪些陈述是USPS受到指责的正确原因？”文章第二段提到报纸头条叹息USPS在邮政上帮倒忙并呼吁私有化（Newspaperheadlinebemoanthe“PostalDisservice”andcryforprivatization），由此可知选项A是其中之一，排除；第二段提到俄克拉荷马州的立法者通过了一项决议，决定改变邮政服务的免税状态（Oklahomalegislatorshavepassedaresolutionchallengingtheservice’stax-exemptstatus），由此可知选项B是受指责的原因之一；第二段倒数第二句话提到USPS投资的全球化优先邮件和全球包裹链公司的失败可知选项C是受指责的原因之一。综上，选项D“全部都是”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章，下列哪个陈述是不正确的？”文章第一段前两句提到自从30年前最后一次实质性的改革以来，美国邮政服务通常都是盈利的：其中一个原因是政府强制的垄断；另一个原因是规模（Sinceitwaslastsubstantiallyreformed30yearsago,theU.S.PostalServicehasusuallyturnedaprofit:itsgovernment-mandatedmonopolyisonereason.Butsizeisanother.），因此选项B与D表述是正确的，排除；文章第一段提到“这种垄断有很多额外的好处。邮递员可以销售联邦不利，而且不需要支付停车费。这项服务不需要支付销售或者资产税，也不需要为其有车支付许可证费用”（Thismonopolyhasplentyofaddedbonuses.Lettercarriersreceivefederalbenefitsanddon’thavetopayparkingtickets.Theservicepaysnosalesorpropertytaxes,nolicensefeesforitsmailtrucks.），由此可知选项C“避税是USPS增加利润的另一种方式”表述正确。综上，选项A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“USPS在当今数字世界中生存的真正机会是……”。文章第五段第一句话提到“除非进行彻底的改革，否则美国邮政服务的日子可能快到头了”（Unlessitundergoesradicalreformsoon,theU.S.PostalService'sdaysareprobablynumbered），由此可知选项D“彻底的改变”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“在作者看来，USPS与FedEx的联合真正受惠者是……”。文章第四段第二句话提到“除了真正实现至某人邮箱‘最后一英里’，联邦快递公司可以通过在邮局大厅设立了投递箱来合理安排”，由此可知真正受惠的是FedEx公司，因此选项C符合题意。

5.词义题。题目问的是“文章最后一段languish这个单词的意思是什么？”该词出现在句子Ashearguedforsupportofthepostalreformbillthathaslanguishedincommitteeformanyyears,theUSPSveteranfellbackonasentimentalplea，根据句子中support与plea可以排除选项B与C；suggest前要有执行主语，显然将其代入句子中缺少执行主语，因此只有选项A符合题意。

17.单选题

Thelocalbusinesswasnotmuch___bythesuddenoutbreakoftheepidemic.

问题1选项

A.intervened

B.insulated

C.hampered

D.pampered

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项intervened“介入（intervene的过去式和过去分词）”；B选项insulated“有隔热（或隔音、绝缘）保护的”；C选项hampered“受阻碍的”；D选项pampered“饮食过量的；饮食奢侈的”。句意：这种流行病的突然爆发并没有给当地的商业带来多大的___。本句表达“当地的商业并没有受阻碍”，因此C选项正确。

18.单选题

WhichoftheitalicizedpartsindicatedCONTRAST?

问题1选项

A.Sheopenedthedoorandquietlywentin.

B.VictorialikesmusicSamisfondofsports.

C.Thinkitoveragainyou’llgetananswer.

D.Heissomewhatarrogant,Idon’tlikethis.

【答案】B

【解析】考查连词用法。题干：哪个斜体部分表示对比？

A选项表示并列；B选项表示对比；C选项表示递进；D选项表示转折。

19.写作题

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteapassageinatleast200wordsonthefollowingtopic.Youshoulduseanappropriatetitleforyourpassage.

Moreandmorestudentschoosetogoabroadforhighereducation.Doyouthinkthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsassociatedwithit?

【答案】GoAbroadforHigherEducation,ADouble-edgedSword20.单选题

The________thatshesuggestedfordiscussionwerebasedonthemostrecentmedicalresearch.

问题1选项

A.contributions

B.occupations

C.expostulations

D.amendments

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“contribution”，意为“贡献，捐款”；B选项“occupation”,意为“占有权，职业”；C选项“expostulation”意为“劝导，忠告”；D选项“amendment”，意为“改善，修正建议”。句意：她建议讨论的修正案是基于最新的医学研究。因此，D选项符合题意。

21.翻译题

改革开放以来，中国找到了一条适合自己国情的促进和发展人权的道路。中国是一个历史悠久、人口众多、资源和财富相对短缺的东方发展中国家。在这样一个国家促进人权，既不能照搬西方发达国家的人权发展模式，也不能因袭其他发展中国家的做法，只能从中国的国情出发，探索具有自身特点的发展道路。改革开放以后，中国在总结历史经验和教训的基础上，找到了一条真正符合中国国情的促进人权发展的道路。这就是：将生存权和发展权放在首位，在改革、发展、稳定的条件下，全面推进人权。这条道路的特点是：在发展人权的基本方向上，坚持发展生产力和共同富裕的原则，立足于改善全国人民的生活和促进全国人民人权的发展。在促进人权的轻重缓急上，强调生存权、发展权的首要地位，同时兼顾公民的政治、经济、社会、文化权利和个人、集体权利的全面发展；在促进和保障人权的方式上，强调稳定是前提，发展是关键，改革是动力，法制是保障。20多年来，由于中国坚持了这条正确的发展道路，不仅使全国人民的生活状况和精神风貌大为改观，而且形成了一整套比较完备的保障人民民主权利的政治制度和法律体系，从而使人权建设在制度化、法律化的轨道上取得了长足的进展，人权状况呈现出不断改善的良好态势。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahasfoundaroadforthepromotionanddevelopmentofhumanrightsthatsuitsitsreality.ChinaisanOrientaldevelopingcountrywithalonghistory,alargepopulationandrelativelyscarceresourcesandwealth.Topromotehumanrightsinsuchacountry,ChinamustneitherimitateindiscriminatelyWesterncountries’developmentmodeofhumanrightsnorfollowotherdevelopingcountries’methodsbutstartfromChina’sactualconditionsandexplorearoadwithitsowncharacteristics.Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahas,onthebasisofsumminguphistoricalexperiencesanddrawinglessonsfromthem,foundawaytobuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,andthereforehasfoundawaytopromoteanddevelophumanrightsthatisagreeabletoChina’sreality.Thismeansputtingtherighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentinthefirstplaceandpushingforwardhumanrightsinanall¬roundwayundertheconditionsofreform,developmentandstability.Thefeaturesofthisroadaretoadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingproductiveforcesandpromotingcommonprosperity,basedonimprovingthelifeofpeoplealloverChinaandpromotingthedevelopmentofhumanrightsofalltheChinesepeopleintermsofthebasicorientationofdevelopinghumanrights.Asfortheorderofimportanceandurgencyofdevelopinghumanrights,therighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentshouldbeputinthefirstplaceandinthemeantime,considerationshouldbegiventodevelopinginanall-roundwaycitizens’political,economic,socialandculturalrightsaswellasindividualandcollectiverights.Asforthewayofpromotingandguaranteeinghumanrights,itshouldbeemphasizedthatstabilityistheprerequisite;developmentisthecrux;reformisthedrivingforce;andgovernmentaccordingtolawistheguarantee.Overthepasttwodecades,China’sadherencetothiscorrectroadtodevelopmenthasledtonotonlytheimprovementofChinesepeople’slivingconditionsandtheirmoralebutalsotheformationofawholesetofrelativelycompletepoliticalandlegalsystemsensuringpeople’sdemocraticrights.Thus,greatprogresshasbeenmadeinputtinghumanrightsintoalegalandinstitutionalframework,andChina’shumanrightsdevelopmenthasbeenimprovingincessantly.

22.单选题

Mr.Smithrecentlyhas（）tennistorelaxhimselfinsparetime.

问题1选项

A.takenup

B.takenin

C.taken