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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宜宾职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Childrenare____tobenoisywhiletheyareplaying.

问题1选项

A.easy

B.liable

C.likely

D.apt

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.easy容易的B.liable可能的

C.likely可能的D.apt易于……;有……倾向的

【答案】D

【考查点】近义词辨析

【解题思路】原句语义为“当孩子们在玩耍的时候,他们____吵闹的。”D选项apt“易于……;有……倾向的”,apttobenoisy指的是有吵吵闹闹的自然倾向,表达的是孩子们在玩耍的时候常常是吵闹的一种自然倾向或状态,D选项语义最恰当。

【干扰项排除】

A选项easy“容易的”,代入语境指孩子们玩耍的时候吵闹起来很容易,一点都不难,表达的是难易程度,语义没有D选项恰当;

B选项liable“可能的”,代入语境指孩子们玩耍的时候可能是吵闹的,表达的是一种可能性,语义没有D选项恰当;

C选项likely“可能的”,代入语境指孩子们玩耍的时候可能是吵闹的,表达的是一种可能性,语义没有D选项恰当。

【句意】孩子们玩耍的时候往往很吵闹。

2.单选题

Astatelessyoungmanmayhavefeltintimidatedafterhavingbeendeniedasylumandnightofresidencebymanycountries.

问题1选项

A.unsafe

B.initiated

C.intrigued

D.credulous

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.unsafe不安全的;危险的B.initiated使开始;发起

C.intrigued很感兴趣的;着迷的D.credulous轻信的;易受骗的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息afterhavingbeendeniedasylumandnightofresidencebymanycountries(在被许多国家拒绝庇护和夜间居住后)可知,feltintimidated表示的是“感觉到害怕”,intimidated表示的是“害怕”的意思,A项词义与之相近,故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。

【句意】一个无国籍的年轻人在被许多国家拒绝庇护和夜间居住后可能会感到害怕。

3.单选题

Morethan100()catsthatusedtoroamthestreetsinaChineseprovincehavenowbeencollectedandorganizedintoatramtofightrodentsthataredestroyingcrops.

问题1选项

A.loose

B.tamed

C.wild

D.stray

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。loose“宽松的”;tamed“驯服的,平淡的”;wild“野生的”;stray“迷路的,流浪的”。句意:100多只曾经在中国某个省份街上流浪的猫被收留并被组织去对付破坏庄稼的啮齿动物。

4.单选题

Elaine,Justin’smom,hadsetdownthehouseruleswithself-confidentassurance.Onlythemostobtusepersonwouldhavefailedtounderstand:notattoos,nobodypiercingsandnoco-edsleepoverswhilelivinginthehouseofElaineTuckerBrown.Still,thedayJustinturned18,heliedtohismotheraboutwherehewasgoingandheadedstraighttothetattooparlor,asifimpervioustohismother’swrath.Hegotalightblueheart,thesizeofanorangepermanentlyetchedonhisarm.Abovethisworkofartwastheword“Blessed”.No,Justinwasnotstupid,buthewasobstinate.Elainesawthisasanactofsheerdefiance.Shewasincensed,herangerexacerbatedbythefactthatJustinhadbreezedintothehouse,foundherinthekitchen,takenoffhisshirtwithasmileandsaid,“Gotit!”“No,Justin.Letmetellwhatyou'vegot,”Elainesaidangrily.“You'vegotfiveminutestogoupstairsandpackabag.IamtakingyoutoPop-Pop's.”TheridetoPop-Pop’shousewaschilly,tosaytheleast.ElaineberatedJustinforeverythingshecouldthinkof,whichwasn’tmuchbecausehewasastraightAseniorwithafullacademicscholarshiptohistopcollegepick.Hehadakindheartandstartedafoundationintheninthgrade,whichdonatedusedsportingequipmenttounderprivilegedkidsinSouthAfrica.Elainepulleduptoherfather’sdoorandorderedJustinout.Not10minuteslater,hercellphonerang.“Elaine,haveyoulostit?Youarekickingaboyasgoodashimoutthehouseforatattoo-thatsays‘Blessed’,noless?”herfatherasked,incredulous.“Youwillmisshimsomuch.Don’tcutoffyournosetospiteface,Elaine.Comepickthisyoungmanup.”Elaine,havinggrownupobeyingmostofherparents’demands,turnedhercararoundandwentbacktopickupherson.Justinwassurprisinglycontrite.“Sorryforbeingsodisrespectful,Mom,”hesaidearnestly.“Iwilltrytofollowhouserulesfromnowon.”

1.Whattitlewouldbestfitthispassage?

2.WhatwasJustin’sattitudewhenheshowedhismotherthetattoo?

3.WhichofthefollowingdetailsdoesnotmakethereadersympathetictoJustin?

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationoftheunderlinedidiomintheparagraph?

问题1选项

A.“HouseRules”

B.“VisitingPop-Pop”

C.“StraightA’s”

D.“BodyPiercings”

问题2选项

A.cautiouslyjubilant

B.willfullydefiant

C.convincinglycontrite

D.noticeablymelodramatic

问题3选项

A.Heisdescribedasobstinate.

B.Heisportrayedaskind-hearted.

C.HeisdescribedasastraightAstudent.

D.Heisdescribedasreceivingafullscholarshiptocollege.

问题4选项

A.Callingsomethingbadthatisnot.

B.Tryingtoteachsomethingtoodifficult.

C.Lovingapersonlessforwhathehasdone.

D.Pursuingrevengeandhurtingyourselfintheprocess.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Whattitlewouldbestfitthispassage?1.什么标题最适合这篇文章?

A.“HouseRules”A.“家规”

B.“VisitingPop-Pop”B.“拜访爷爷”

C.“StraightA’s”C.“优等生”

D.“BodyPiercings”D.“身体穿刺”

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】根据文章首尾两句“贾斯汀的妈妈伊莱恩自信满满地定下了家里的规矩”,以及“从现在开始,我会尽量遵守家里的规矩”,可以知道,首尾两句都提到了houserules(家规)这个词语,可见本文主要是围绕家规展开的。故该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】B项“‘拜访爷爷’”、C项“‘优等生’”和D项“‘身体穿刺’”都是文中的细节,不是主旨,属于以偏概全。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.WhatwasJustin’sattitudewhenheshowedhismotherthetattoo?2.当贾斯汀给他妈妈看纹身时,他是什么态度?

A.cautiouslyjubilantA.谨慎地高兴

B.willfullydefiantB.故意挑衅

C.convincinglycontriteC.令人信服地忏悔

D.noticeablymelodramaticD.引人注目地夸张

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至文章第六、七、八句“不,贾斯汀不笨,但他很固执(obstinate)。伊莱恩认为这是公然的挑衅(anactofsheerdefiance)。她被激怒了,贾斯汀轻快地走进房子(Justinhadbreezedintothehouse),发现她在厨房里,他脱下了衬衫,微笑着(withasmile)说,‘知道了!’”,由Justinhadbreezedintothehouse(贾斯汀轻快地走进房子)和withasmile(带着微笑)可以看出,贾斯汀的态度是任性固执又带有挑衅的,B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“谨慎地高兴”和D项“引人注目地夸张”根据解题思路可知,该两项不符合原文,属于曲解原文;

C项“令人信服地忏悔”,是贾斯汀去了爷爷家之后的态度,不复合题干,属于张冠李戴。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.WhichofthefollowingdetailsdoesnotmakethereadersympathetictoJustin?3.以下哪一个细节不能让读者同情贾斯汀?

A.Heisdescribedasobstinate.A.他被描述为固执。

B.Heisportrayedaskind-hearted.B.他被描绘成一个善良的人。

C.HeisdescribedasastraightAstudent.C.他被描述成一个优等生。

D.Heisdescribedasreceivingafullscholarshiptocollege.D.他获得了大学全额奖学金。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据原文可知,贾斯汀是一个心地善良的人,每门学科都拿A,获得了全额奖学金,这些都是他的优点,能够引起读者的同情,但他固执这一点,无法引起读者的同情,所以本题选A项“他被描述为固执”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】B项“他被描绘成一个善良的人”、C项“他被描述成一个优等生”和D项“他获得了大学全额奖学金”,根据解题思路可知,这三项都是让读者同情的地方,属于反向干扰。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationoftheunderlinedidiomintheparagraph?4.下面哪一项是对段落中划线习语的最佳诠释?

A.Callingsomethingbadthatisnot.A.说一些并不坏的事情。

B.Tryingtoteachsomethingtoodifficult.B.试图教一些太难的东西。

C.Lovingapersonlessforwhathehasdone.C.爱一个人不是因为他所做的事。

D.Pursuingrevengeandhurtingyourselfintheprocess.D.在报复的过程中伤害了自己。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位到划线句子所在处,即文章倒数第五句“不要割下自己的鼻子来和脸过不去(Don’tcutoffyournosetospiteface)”,结合上下文语境:贾斯汀因为纹身惹恼了妈妈,妈妈生气地把车开到爷爷家,将贾斯汀赶下车自己走了。爷爷打来电话告诉贾斯汀的妈妈:这么优秀的孩子,你会十分想念他的。由此可以推断,划线句意为不要为了报复反而伤害了自己。选项D符合原文。

【干扰项排除】A项“说一些并不坏的事情”、B项“试图教一些太难的东西”和C项“爱一个人不是因为他所做的事”根据解题思路可知,属于曲解原文。

5.单选题

Hewantstofollowinhisfather’sfootstepstobeateacherbecauseheregardsteachingasanhonorable().

问题1选项

A.calling

B.task

C.employment

D.duty

【答案】B

【解析】句意:他想追随他父亲的脚步成为一名教师,因为他认为教学是一项光荣的任务。选项A和C表示职务,教学不是职务,所以不正确;选项B更符合语境。

6.单选题

The()emphasisonexaminationsisbyfartheworstformofcompetitioninschools.

问题1选项

A.negligent

B.edible

C.fabulous

D.disproportionate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项“疏忽的,粗心大意的”;B选项“可食用的”;C选项“惊人的,大量的”;D选项“不成比例的,太多的”,句意:()强调考试是目前学校中最糟糕的竞争形式。而本题空格处讲的应该是过多地强调考试,因此D选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Whileadmiringthatthisforecastwas()uncertain,thescientistswarnedagainsttreatingitasacryofwolf.

问题1选项

A.anyhow

B.somewhere

C.somewhat

D.anyway

【答案】C

【解析】副词辨析。句意:虽然承认这次预报不确定,但科学家仍警告不要把它当作危言耸听。anyhow总之,无论如何;somewhere在某处,到某处;somewhat有点,稍微;anyway总之,无论如何。因此,C项符合句意。

8.单选题

Therateatwhichsoilcanabsorbwater(

)withcontinuouswetting,sothelongera(

)lasts,orthegreatertherateofprecipitation,thehigherthepercentageofwaterthatwillflowacrossthegroundasrunoffandenterstreamchannels.

问题1选项

A.rises...deluge

B.diminishes...drought

C.increases...shower

D.decreases...rainstorm

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析和名词词义辨析。rise“提升,增加”;deluge“洪水,暴雨”;diminish“使减少,使变小”;drought“干旱,缺乏”;increase“增加,增长”;shower“淋浴,阵雨”;decrease“减少,减小”;rainstorm“暴风雨,大暴雨”。句意:土壤吸收水分的速度随着湿度加大而降低,所以暴雨持续时间较长,降水率越大,地面径流和汇入河流的水就越多。选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

Momflippedher()whenshefoundoutIwaspregnant.

问题1选项

A.chart

B.finger

C.side

D.lid

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。Flipone’slid是一句美国俚语,意为发怒,发火,失去控制,变得狂热,大发脾气。句意:妈妈发现我怀孕后大发雷霆。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Hehadbeenillformonths,andweweredisturbedbyhis______complexion.

问题1选项

A.dark

B.sallow

C.fair

D.white

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项dark“黑暗的;深色的”;B选项sallow“(人的皮肤或面色)蜡黄色的”;C选项fair“白皙的”;D选项white“白色的”。句意:他病了好几个月了,我们为他______而不安。根据语境,这里指生病许久,身体应该是虚弱的,B选项sallow“(人的皮肤或面色)蜡黄色的”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Althoughthetownhadbeen()bythestormseveraltimes,littledamagewasdone.

问题1选项

A.attacked

B.injured

C.banned

D.struck

【答案】A

【解析】句意:尽管这个城镇几次遭到暴风雨的袭击,但几乎没有造成什么损失。

考查动词辨析。attack攻击,抨击,动手干;injure伤害,损害:harm伤害,危害,损害;struck罢工,打击。此处是动词的过去分词形式表被动,动作的发出者是thestorm(暴风雨),故选A项。

12.单选题

W.SomersetMaughamafterwardswalkedthewardsofSt.Thomas’sHospital______practicinginmedicine.

问题1选项

A.withaviewto

B.withregardto

C.withtheaimat

D.withtheobjectfor

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.withaviewto着眼于,以……为目的B.withregardto关于,至于

C.withtheaimat目的在于D.withtheobjectfor目的是为了

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】由walkedthewardsofSt.Thomas’sHospital(在圣托马斯医院的病房里巡视)可知,______practicinginmedicine(行医)中的空格处应该表示“目的是……”,而withaviewtodoingsth.为固定用法,表示“为了做某事”。故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】

B选项不符合句意;

C、D选项没有这个用法。

【句意】后来,萨默塞特•毛姆在圣托马斯医院的病房里巡视,目的是能从医。

13.单选题

Theshort,smilingmanwhointroducehimselfasthemanagerdeniedthatwehadpaidmorethanotherpeople,thoughhedidadmitthatwehadbeenputina“special”room.

问题1选项

A.whointroducehimself

B.asthemanagerdenied

C.didadmit

D.hadbeenput

E.没有错误

【答案】A

【解析】语法题。时态错误。introduce改为introduced。谓语动词为denied,是一般过去时,因此A项定语从句中的动词Introduce也应该用过去式。

14.单选题

Americansnolongerexpectpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.Nordotheyaspiretosuchcommandthemselves.Inhislatestbook,DoingOurOwnThing:TheDegradationofLanguageandMusicandWhyWeShouldLike,Care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960scounter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.

Blamingthepermissive1960sisnothingnew,butthisisnotyetanothercriticismagainstthedeclineineducation.Mr.McWhorter’sacademicspecialtyislanguagehistoryandchange,andheseesthegradualdisappearanceof“whom”,forexample,tobenaturalandnomoreregrettablethanthelossofthecase-endingsofOldEnglish.

Butthecultoftheauthenticandthepersonal,"doingourownthing",hasspeltthedeathofformalspeech,writing,poetryandmusic.Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpentopaperbeforethe1960s,eventhemostwell-regardedwritingsincethenhassoughttocapturespokenEnglishonthepage.Equally,inpoetry,thehighlypersonal,performativegenreistheonlyform,thatcouldclaimrealliveliness.InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.

Illustratedwithanentertainingarrayofexamplesfrombothhighandlowculture,thetrendthatMr.McWhorterdocumentsisunmistakable.Butitislessclear,totakethequestionofhissubtitle:WhyWeShould,Like,Care.Asalinguist,heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive—thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.Heisnotarguing,asmanydo,thatwecannolongerthinkstraightbecausewedonottalkproper.

Russianshaveadeeplovefortheirownlanguageandcarrylargechunksofmemorizedpoetryintheirheads,whileItalianpoliticianstendtoelaboratespeechthatwouldseemold-fashionedtomostEnglish-speakers.Mr.McWhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecessary,andproposesnoradicaleducationreforms—heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful.WenowtakeourEnglish“onpaperplatesinsteadofchina”.Ashame,perhaps,butprobablyaninevitableone.

1.AccordingtoMcWhorter,thedeclineofformalEnglish(

).

2.Theword“talking”(Line6,Paragraph3)denotes

).

3.TowhichofthefollowingstatementswouldMcWhortermostlikelyagree?

4.ThedescriptionofRussians’loveofmemorizingpoetryshowstheauthor’s

).

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,“paperplates”isto“china”as(

).

问题1选项

A.isinevitableinradicaleducationreforms

B.isbutalltoonaturalinlanguagedevelopment

C.hascausedthecontroversyoverthecounter-culture

D.broughtaboutchangesinpublicattitudesinthe1960s

问题2选项

A.modesty

B.personality

C.liveliness

D.informality

问题3选项

A.Logicalthinkingisnotnecessarilyrelatedtothewaywetalk.

B.BlackEnglishcanbemoreexpressivethanstandardEnglish.

C.Non-standardvarietiesofhumanlanguagearejustasentertaining.

D.Ofallthevarieties,standardEnglishcanbestconveycomplexideas.

问题4选项

A.interestintheirlanguage

B.appreciationoftheirefforts

C.admirationfortheirmemory

D.contemptfortheirold-fashionedness

问题5选项

A.‘"temporary’’isto“permanent”

B.“radical”isto“conservative”

C.“functional”isto“artistic”

D.“humble”isto“noble”

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Mr.McWhorter’sacademicspecialtyislanguagehistoryandchange,andheseesthegradualdisappearanceof“whom”,forexample,tobenaturalandnomoreregrettablethanthelossofthecase-endingsofOldEnglish.(Mr.McWhorter的学术专长是语言的历史和变化,例如,他认为“谁”这一词的逐渐消失是自然的,并不比失去古英语中的词格尾缀的消失更令人遗憾)可知Mr.McWhorter认为正式英语的衰变是一种自然的现象,因此选B。

2.词义题。根据题干关键词talking定位到文章第三段中的InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.(在英语口语和书面语中,交谈战胜了演讲,自然表达胜过了精雕细琢),分析句子可知talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft是对应关系,talking对应的spontaneity,specking对应craft,可推测演讲是需要精心准备的,而谈话则是自然随意的,因此D选项“非正式的”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。由文章第四段中heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive—thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas(他承认,人类语言的所有种类,包括非标准语言,包括黑人英语这样非标准语言,都具有很强的表达力。世界上没有一种语言或方言不能表达复杂的思想)可知A选项“逻辑思维不一定与我们说话的方式有关”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的Mr.McWhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecessary,andproposesnoradicaleducationreforms—heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful.(Mr.McWhorter承认,正式的语言并不是绝对必要的,他并没有提出任何激进的教育改革——他其实只是为那些美好而不是实用品的消逝而感到遗憾)可知Mr.McWhorter认同俄罗斯记住诗歌的做法,认为是somethingbeautiful,对其做法是赞同的,因此B选项“赞赏他们的努力”。

5.推理判断题。由heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful(他其实只是为那些美好而不是实用品的消逝而感到遗憾)可推测paperplates(纸盘)指的是实用性,而china(瓷盘)指美,具有艺术性,因此选C。

15.单选题

TheWorldBankhasfundedmanyimprovementschemes(),includingshantytownandtransportimprovements.

问题1选项

A.global

B.overall

C.worldwide

D.universally

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项global“全球的,总体的”;B选项overall“全部的,全体的”;C选项worldwide“遍及全球地”;D选项universally“普遍地,到处”。句意:世界银行资助了很多世界各地的改善计划,包括贫民区和交通的改善。根据句意,只有A、C选项符合意思。题干中的scheme是个名词,之后可以加副词作为定语修饰名词,而A选项是个形容词,故排除。所以本题的正确答案是C选项。

16.单选题

OnceIwasunawareofthecriticalpointsinvolved,mychoicewouldbeboundtoberelatively______.

问题1选项

A.arbitrary

B.irrational

C.indispensable

D.negligent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项arbitrary“任意的;武断的;专制的”,是由偶然、一时兴起或冲动而非由必然、推理或原则决定的;B选项irrational“不合理的(即与理想状况相比有差距);无理性的;荒谬的”;C选项indispensable“不可缺少的;绝对必要的;责无旁贷的”;D选项negligent“疏忽的;粗心大意的”。句意:一旦我不知道其中的关键点,我的选择必然是相对______。如果不知道关键点,做出选择前心里就不会有一个理想答案,所以选择就会相对随意,所以A选项正确。

17.单选题

OneofthelargestearthquakeseverrecordedhitonBoxingDay2004.TheresultingtsunamidevastatedhugeswathsoftheIndianOceancoastlineandleftanestimatedquarterofamillionpeopledeadacrossIndonesia,SriLanka,IndiaandThailand.Aidagenciesquicklyarrivedtohelpbatteredandtraumatisedsurvivors.

MentalhealthcarewasamassivepartoftheemergencyresponsebuttheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)promptlydidsomethingithasneverdonebeforeorsince.Itspecificallydenouncedatypeofpsychologicaltherapyandrecommendedthatitshouldn’tbeused.Thetherapywasasinglesessiontreatmentcalled“psychologicaldebriefing”,whichinvolvedworkingwithdisastervictimstoencouragepeopletosupposedly“process”theintenseemotionsbytalkingthroughtheminstages.Itwasintendedtopreventlatermentalhealthproblemsbyhelpingpeopleresolvedifficultemotionsearlyon.Theonlytroublewasthatitmadethingsworse.Studieshadshownthatpeoplegivenpost-disasterpsychologicaldebriefingweresubsequentlymorelikelytosuffermentalhealthproblemsthanpeoplewhohadhadnotreatmentatall.

Guidancefromtheworld’smostinfluentialhealthauthorityhadlittleeffect,andthetherapywasextensivelyused.Thereluctancetodothingsdifferentlywastiedupwithsomeoftheleast-appreciatedfactsaboutourreactionstodisaster.Inourtrauma-focusedsociety,itisoftenforgottenthatthemajorityofpeoplewhoexperiencetheravagesofnaturaldisaster,becomethevictimsofviolenceorloselovedonesintragedywillneednoassistancefrommentalhealthprofessionals.

Mostpeoplewillbeshakenup,distressedandbereaved,butthesearenaturalreactions,notinthemselvesdisorders.Onlyaminorityofpeople一rarelymorethan30%inwell-conductedstudiesandoftenconsiderablyless—willdeveloppsychologicaldifficultiesasaresultoftheirexperiences,andthesinglemostcommonoutcomeisrecoverywithouttheneedofprofessionalhelp.Butregardlessoftheeventualoutcome,youarelikelytobeatyourmoststressedduringthedisasterandyourstresslevelswilldecreaseafterwardseveniftheydon’treturntonormal.Yourbodysimplycannotmaintainpeaklevelsofanxiety.

Theseareimportantfactstobearinmindbecause,fromthepointofviewofthedisastertherapist,psychologicaldebriefingseemstowork一stresslevelsgenuinelydrop.Butwhattheindividualtherapistcan’tseeisthatthiswouldhappenmoreeffectively,leavinglesspeopletraumatised,iftheydidnothing.

1.InParagraph1,theunderlinedword“battered”means(

).

2.InParagraph2,“psychologicaldebriefing”iscloseto

).

3.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?

4.Psychologicaldebriefingwasstillwidelyusedbecause

).

5.Paragraph4indicatesthat

).

6.AccordingtoParagraph5,weshouldbearinmindthat(

).

问题1选项

A.bruised

B.shocked

C.tortured

D.destroyed

问题2选项

A.neurotherapy

B.behaviortherapy

C.physicaltherapy

D.psychotherapy

问题3选项

A.Theemergencyresponsedidnotinvolvepsychologicaldebriefing.

B.Mentaltherapyreducedtheincidenceofemotionalproblems.

C.Psychologicalinterventioncausedmoreseriousemotionalproblems.

D.PsychologicalinterventionwasnotrecommendedbytheWHO.

问题4选项

A.itwasprovedtobehighlyeffectivebysurvivors

B.theWHOremindedpeopletogetassistancefrommentalhealthprofessionals

C.professionalspaidalotofattentiontothenecessityofpsychologicalintervention

D.themajorityofsurvivorsdevelopedmentaldisorders

问题5选项

A.mostsurvivorswillgetovertraumawithoutprofessionalassistance

B.onethirdofsurvivorswillhavementalillnessesafterdisasters

C.itisdifficultforsurvivorstoreturntonormallevelsofmentalhealth

D.peaklevelsofanxietywillleadtomentaldisorders

问题6选项

A.psychologicaldebriefingmainlydealswithstresslevels

B.psychologicaldebriefinghaslittleeffect

C.moreprofessionalaidshouldbegiventosurvivors

D.stresslevelsarethekeytomentalbreakdowns

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:B

【解析】1.词汇推断题。根据题干信息,将信息点定位至原文第一段。句中的battered与traumatised并列修饰survivors,由此可判断,battered和traumatised意义相同,表示“受创伤的”。从而得出本题答案。

2.细节推断题。根据题干信息,将信息点定位至原文第二段。根据“...whichinvolvedworkingwithdisastervictimstoencouragepeopletosupposedly“process”,theintenseemotionsbytalkingthroughtheminstages.Itwasintendedtopreventlatermentalhealthproblemsbyhelpingpeopleresolvedifficultemotionsearlyon.(…参与处理灾难受害者鼓励人们所谓的“过程”,讨论他们的情绪阶段。它的目的是通过帮助人们在早期解决困难的情绪来预防后来的心理健康问题)”即可得出本题答案。

3.细节推断题。根据题干信息,可将信息点定位至原文第二段。根据“Itspecificallydenouncedatypeofpsychologicaltherapyandrecommendedthatitshouldn’tbeused.(它明确谴责了一种心理疗法,并建议不应该使用这种疗法)”“givenpost-disasterpsychologicaldebriefingweresubsequentlymorelikelytosuffermentalhealthproblems(考虑到灾后心理汇报更容易出现心理健康问题)”即可进行合理推断,从而得出本题答案。

4.细节推断题。根据题干信息,将信息点定位至原文第三段。根据“willneednoassistancefrommentalhealthprofessionals.(不需要心理健康专家的帮助。)”即可进行合理推断,从而得出本题答案。

5.细节推断题。根据题干信息,将信息点定位至原文第四段。根据“thesearenaturalreactions,notinthemselvesdisorders(这些都是自然反应,而不是疾病本身)”“recoverywithouttheneedofprofessionalhelp(不需要专业帮助就能恢复)”,即可得出本题答案。

6.细节推断题。根据题干信息,可将信息点定位至原文第五段。根据“leavinglesspeopletraumatised,iftheydidnothing(如果他们什么都不做,就会让更少的人受到创伤)”即可进行合理推断,从而得出本题答案。

18.单选题

Oftencriticismmaybemoreeffectivelymadeby(

)thanbydirectcensure.

问题1选项

A.deception

B.innuendo

C.malignity

D.collusion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。deception欺骗,欺瞒;innuendo讽刺,挖苦;malignity恶意;collusion共谋,勾结。句意:通常情况下,讽刺口吻似的批评比直接指责更有效。由directcensure“直接严厉斥责”可知空格处所填单词应与其相反,故B项最符合句意。

19.单选题

Walkingthroughmytrainyesterday,staggeringfrommyseattothebuffetandback,IcountedfivepeoplereadingHarryPotternovels.Notchildren-thesewererealgrown-upsreadingchildren’sbooks.

Maybethatwouldhavebeenunderstandable.Ifthesepeoplehadjumpedwhole-heartedlyintoasecondchildhooditwouldhavemademoresense.Buttheywerecard-carryinggrown-upswithlaptopsandspreadsheetsreturningfromsalesmeetingsandseminars.Yettheychosetoreadachildren’sbook.

Idon’timagineyou’llfindthisheadcountexceptional.YoucannolongergetontheLondonTubeandnotseeaHarryPotterbook.Norisitjustthefilm;thesethrowbackreaderswereoutthereindroveslongbeforethemoviecampaignopened.

SowhoaretheseadultreaderswhohavemadeJ.K.Rowlingthesecond-biggestfemaleearnerinBritain(afterMadonna)AsIhavetrampedalongstreetsknee-deepinHarryPotterpaperbacks,I’vementallyslottedthemintothreegroups.

FirstcometheNever-Readers,whomHarryhasenticedintoopeningabook.Isthisabadthingprobablynot.Writinghasmanyadvantagesoverfilm,butitcannevercompetewithitsmagneticpunch.Ifthesebookscanre-establishthenovelasathrillingexperienceforsomepeople,thenthiscanonlybeforthebetter.Ifittakesobsession-levelhypetolurethemintoabookshop,that’sfinebyme.Butwilltheygoontoreadanythingelseagain,wecanonlyhope.

ThesecondgrouparetheOccasionalReaders.Thesepeopleclaimthattiredness,workandchildrenallowthemtoreadonlyafewbooksayear.Yetnow—tobepartofthecrowd,tosaythey’vereadit—theyputHarryPotterontheiroh-so-selectreadinglist.It’sinfuriating,andmaddening.Yes,I’mawritermyself,currentlywritingdifficult,unreadable,hopefullyunsettlingnovels,buttherearesomanyothergoodbooksoutthere,somuchrewarding,enlightening,enlargingworksoffictionforadults;andyetthesesadcasesaresweptalongbythehype,thefaddism,intoreadingachildren’sbook.

ThethirdgrouparetheRegularReaders,forwhomHarryissandwichedbetweenMcEwanandBalzac,RothandDickens.Thisistherealbaffler—whatonearthdotheygetoutofreadingit?Whybother?Butiftheycallrattlethroughitinaweekjusttosaythey’vebeenthere—likegoingtoLongleatortheEiffelTower—theworstthey’redoingisencouragingothers.

1.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Theauthorbelievesthatmanyadultsread().

3.Accordingtotheauthor,theNever-Readers().

4.TheOccasionalReadersarereferredtoassadcasesbecause().

5.What’sthebadeffectofthewaytheRegularReadersreadHarryPatter?

6.ThemainculpritforthismadnessaboutHarryPotterismostprobably().

问题1选项

A.TheworldwidepopularityofHarryPotter.

B.AdultsbenefitingfromreadingHarryPotter.

C.TheoriginofHarryPotterasachildren’sbook.

D.ReflectionsonHarryPotter’spopularityamongadults.

问题2选项

A.tofollowsuit

B.toenjoyasecondchildhood

C.tokilltime

D.toshareHarry’sadventure

问题3选项

A.willtakeupreadingastheirlifelonghobby

B.havegotmorefromthebookthanfromthefilm

C.maybarelygetinterestedinotherbooksthanHarryPotter

D.canhardlybedrivenbythecrowdstoreadanybook

问题4选项

A.they’retoobusytoenjoyregularreading

B.they’resufferingfromtheheavyworkload

C.theyhaveahardtimeselectingwhattoread

D.theirreadingtasteisaffectedbyfashion

问题5选项

A.Itwillpromotetoomanyvisitstotheplacesthebookmentions.

B.Itwilldiscouragepeoplefromreadingrealmasterpieces.

C.Itwillfosterreadingaspartofafast-foodculture.

D.Itwillcauseaconfusionoffaddismwithclassics.

问题6选项

A.JKRowing

B.thepublisher

C.themediahype

D.itsthrillingstories

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。从整篇文章读下来,前四段是作者在火车上发现有成年人在读《哈利•波特》的现象以及作者的所想,后三段作者将阅读《哈利•波特》的成年人群分为三组,分析《哈利•波特》受欢迎的原因,由此可知D选项“《哈利•波特》受成年人欢迎的反思”符合题意。

2.事实细节题。定位到文章第五段中的Ifittakesobsession-levelhypetolurethemintoabookshop,that’sfinebyme.(如果这需要痴迷程度的宣传来吸引他们进入书店,对我来说没问题)可知A选项“为了跟风”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。定位到文章第五段中的Butwilltheygoontoreadanythingelseagain,wecanonlyhope.(但我们只能希望,他们还会继续读别的书吗?)可知C选项“除了《哈利•波特》,对其他书籍几乎没有兴趣”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。定位到文章第六段中的Thesepeopleclaimthattiredness,workandchildrenallowthemtoreadonlyafewbooksayear.Yetnow—tobepartofthecrowd,tosaythey’vereadit—theyputHarryPotterontheiroh-so-selectreadinglist.(这些人声称疲劳,工作和孩子使他们一年只能读几本书,然而现在,作为人群中的一员,说他们已经读过它了,他们把《哈利•波特》列入了他们的“超精选”阅读清单)可知D选项“他们的阅读品味受到时尚的影响”符合题意。

5.推理判断题。定位到文章第七段ThethirdgrouparetheRegularReaders,forwhomHarryissandwichedbetweenMcEwan(英国当代作家)andBalzac,Roth(德国现代诗人)andDickens可了解到文化的混乱,因此D选项正确。

6.事实细节题。定位到文章第六段andyetthesesadcasesaresweptalongbythehype,thefaddism,intoreadingachildren’sbook.(然而,这些令人悲伤的案例却被大肆宣传和时尚潮流席卷,变成了儿童读物)表明媒体炒作使得《哈利•波特》的宣传十分到位且疯狂,因此选项C正确。

20.单选题

TheAppleProject,code-named“Titan”,employedseveralhundredpeopleworkingafewmilesfromApple’sheadquartersinCupertino,and()autoindustryexperts.

问题1选项

A.allowed

B.sponsored

C.gathered

D.recruited

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项allowed表示“允许,承认,接受”,B选项sponsored表示“赞助,发起,筹款”,C选项gathered表示“聚集,集中”,D选项recruited表示“招聘,雇佣,招募”。分析句子结构可知,空缺处缺少部分为句子谓语动词。由前文关键信息“employedseveralhundredpeople”可知,后文也应表示“招聘了一些自动化专家”,因此本题正确答案为D选项。

21.单选题

Inthefilmwesawlastnight,thehero()hiswifetodeathwithhissword.

问题1选项

A.throat

B.thrust

C.trust

D.thread

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近异义动词辨析。A选项throat“用嗓音说”;B选项thrust“插入,猛刺”;C选项trust“信任”;D选项thread“通过,穿线于”。句意:在我们昨晚看的电影中,英雄用剑刺死了他的妻子。选项B符合语境。

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