考研考博-英语-安徽信息工程学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽信息工程学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Unlikegirlsandboysinearliergenerations,whotendedtospendagooddealoftimeplayingtogether,today’s12-year-oldsaretypicallygivenseveralelectronicdevices,sothey

wouldinclinetoplayalone.

问题1选项

A.gooddealoftimeplaying

B.today’s12-year-olds

C.typicallygiven

D.wouldinclinetoplay

E.没有错误

【答案】D

【解析】动词误用。incline改为tend。此处表达的是：倾向（做…），而inclinetodosth.为：倾向于（认为某个信念或观点是正确的）。

2.单选题

Thisisacommonor（）dispute.

问题1选项

A.door

B.toilet

C.garden

D.kitchen

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。commonorgarden“普通的，常见的，一般的”。句意：这是一个常见的争论。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Surprisingly,nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation.Properrecordsarejustnotkept.

Weknowthatmorethan850,000childrengothroughhospitaleachyear,andthateverychildofschoolagehasalegalrighttocontinuetoreceiveeducationwhileinhospital.Wealsoknowthereisonlyonehospitalteachertoevery1,000childreninhospital.

Littlewonderthelatestsurveyconcludesthattheextentandtypeofhospitalteachingavailabledifferagreatdealacrossthecountry.ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEngland,whichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhasonlyapart-timeteacher.Thespecialchildren’shospitalsinmajorcitiesdobestgeneralhospitalsinthecountryandholidayareasareworstoff.

Fromthissurvey,onecanestimatethatfewerthanoneinfivechildrenhavesomecontactwithahospitalteacher—andthatcontactmaybeaslittleastwohoursaday.Mostchildreninterviewedweresurprisedtofindateacherinhospitalatall.Theyhadnotbeenpreparedforitbyparentsoftheirownschool.Iftherewasateacher,theyweremuchmorelikelytoreadbooksanddomathornumberwork,withoutateachertheywouldonlyplaygames.

Reasonsforhospitalteachingrangefrompreventingachildfallingbehindandmaintainingthehabitofschooltokeepingachildoccupied,andthelatterisoftenalltheteachercando.Thepositionandinfluenceofmanyteacherswassummedupwhenpatentsofferedtothemas“thelibrarylady”orjust“thehelper”.

Childrentendtorelyonconcernedschoolfriendstokeepintouchwithschoolwork.Severalparentsspokeofrequestsforworkbeingignoredorrefusedbytheschool.Oncebackatschoolchildrenrarelygetextrateaching,andaretoldtocatchupasbesttheycan.

Manyshort-staychild-patientscatchupquickly.Butschoolsdoverylittletoeasetheanxietyaboutfallingbehindexpressedbymanyofthechildreninterviewed.

1.Theauthorpointsoutatthebeginningthat______.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthelatestsurveythat______.

3.Childreninhospitalusuallyturnto______inordertocatchupwiththeirschoolwork.

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethattheauthoris______.

问题1选项

A.everychildinhospitalreceivessometeaching

B.notenoughisknownabouthospitalteaching

C.hospitalteachingisofpoorquality

D.thespecialchildren’shospitalsareworstoff

问题2选项

A.hospitalteachingacrossthecountryissimilar

B.eachhospitalhasatleastoneparttimeteacher

C.allhospitalsurveyedoffereducationtochildren

D.onlyone-fourthofthehospitalshavefull-timeteachers

问题3选项

A.hospitalteachers

B.schoolmates

C.parents

D.schoolteachers

问题4选项

A.unfavorabletowardschildrenreceivingeducationinhospitals

B.infavorofthepresentstateofteachinginhospitals

C.unsatisfiedwiththepresentstateofhospitalteaching

D.satisfiedwiththeresultsofthelatestsurvey

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation（没有人知道有多少孩子能在英国的医院接受教育，更不用说教育的内容和质量了）可知B选项“对医院教学知之甚少”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEngland,whichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhasonlyapart-timeteacher.（据发现，英国有一半的医院没有教师。另外四分之一的医院只有兼职教师）可推测只有四分之一的医院有全职教师，因此选D。

3.细节事实题。由文章倒数第二段中的Childrentendtorelyonconcernedschoolfriendstokeepintouchwithschoolwork.（孩子们往往依靠相关的学校朋友来赶上学校的功课）可知选B。

4.观点态度题。本文主要介绍了医院中的存在的教学问题，比如教师的严重缺少。根据调查结果及文章最后一段中的Butschoolsdoverylittletoeasetheanxietyaboutfallingbehindexpressedbymanyofthechildreninterviewed.（但学校在缓解许多受访儿童对落后的焦虑方面收效甚微）可知作者对当前的医院教学现状是不满意的，因此选C。

4.单选题

Wecarriedout（）checksonthevehiclesbeforetheyleavethedepot.

问题1选项

A.spot

B.pot

C.rain

D.coat

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项spot“地点，斑点，认出，弄脏”；B选项pot“壶，盆，罐”；C选项rain“雨，下雨，雨天，雨季”；D选项coat“外套，覆盖……的表面”。spotcheck意为抽查。其他关于spot的固定搭配还有onthespot“立刻，当场，在危险中，处于负责地位”；aspotof“少量的，一点儿”等，因此A选项正确。

5.单选题

InvestorsarebeingencouragedtocontinueploughingtheirsavingsintothestockmarketaftersharesinLondonrecoveredallthelossesincurredsinceSeptember11.TheadvicecomesdespiteAmerica’sDowJonesindustrialaveragetumblingonFridayafteracaseofanthraxwasdiagnosedinNewYork.ConsumerspendinginAmericaalsoslumpedbymorethanthreetimeseconomists’predictionsinSeptember,pushingsharepricesbackbelowpre-attacklevels.

TheFTSE100indexofBritain’slargestcompaniesclosedonFridayat5,145—up112pointsonitsSeptember10close.TheDowinNewYorkralliedlateontocloseat9,344,down66points.Althoughmostexpertsarepredictingfurthervolatilityinthecomingmonths,theyremaincautiouslyoptimisticthattheFTSE100willbeginasustained,ifrocky,rallytowards5,500bytheendoftheyear.Theimmediateeconomicoutlookisstillbleak.SomecommentatorspredictthatAmericawillendurearecessionlastingsixmonths.TheyalsoexpectBritaintosufferasharpslowdown.Butanalystssaythemarketiswellplacedtoabsorbanyfurtherbadnews.

Sharpeconomicdownturnscan,perversely,begoodforthemarketbecausetheyforcefirmstobemorecost-efficient.Therefore,anyannouncementsaboutrisingunemploymentorcorporatestreamliningcouldhaveapositiveeffectonshares.Ofmoreconcerntoprivateinvestorsistheimpactthatanotherterroristattackwouldhaveonshares.Ifthisweretohappen,themarketwouldalmostcertainlyslumpagain.Buthistorysuggeststhatitwould,onceagain,makeupanylostgroundwithinweeks.

Expertsarethereforeurgingprivateinvestorsnottorepeattheirpastmistakes,whentheywaitedforasustainedrallybeforefeelingconfidentenoughtoinvest.Crosssaid,“It’speculiarthatinvestorsfeelit’ssafertoinvestafterthemarkethasrisenby25%thanwhenithasfallenby25%.Commonsensesuggeststhattheoppositewouldbemoreappropriate.”MikeLenhoffofGerrard,thestockbroker,saidthatifthemarkethit5500andremainedaroundthatlevelforsomeweeks,itwouldbeasignthatfurther,sustainedgainswereimminent.Hesaid,“Gettingbackto5500wouldbeimportant,becauseiftheindexstayedatthatlevel,thepsychologyofthemarketwouldchangesubstantially.Defensiveshareswouldbecometooexpensiveandbiginvestorswouldstartmovingintovaluestocks,whicharethetypeoffirmsthatdowellinaneconomicrecovery.”

Butprivateinvestorscouldbeforgivenfortheirpessimisticmood,asnearlyallIsabuyershavesufferedbiglosses.Butinvestorscantakesomecomfortfromthefactthatthenextthreemonthsaretraditionallythebest-performingperiodoftheyearforthestockmarket.DavidSchwartz,thestock-markethistorian,saidtheindexalmostalwaysroseintheperiodbetweenNovemberandApril.Since1974,themarketwentupon24occasionsbetweenNovemberandApril,byanaverageof15%,anddroppedonlythreetimes.Schwartzsaid,“It’snoguaranteeforthisyear,buthistoryisonourside.”

1.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.ThereasonwhysomeexpertsremaincautiouslyoptimisticabouttheFTSEisthattheybelievethat（）.

3.Inthepresentsituation,corporatedownsizingmay（）.

4.Expertsadviseprivateinvestorstoavoidtheirpastmistakesby（）.

5.Fromthelastsentenceofthepassage,wemayinferthatSchwartzbelievesthat（）.

问题1选项

A.FTSE100indexfellimmediatelyafterSeptember11

B.DowJonesindustrialindexisnowbeginningtopickup

C.Consumerspendingishavingapositiveeffectonthestockmarket

D.SharepricesinAmericahaverisencontrarytomostpredictions

问题2选项

A.theAmericaneconomywillbeabletoresistfurtherdownturn

B.theDowJonesindexinNewYorkwillstoptumblingsoon

C.themarketwillabsorbanyfurthershockfrombadnews

D.theeconomicsituationinBritainandAmericawilltakeanupturnin6months

问题3选项

A.sharpeconomicdownturn

B.produceapositiveeffectonshares

C.causethemarkettoslumpagain

D.enablethemarkettoregainanylostground

问题4选项

A.withholdinganyinvestmentuntilthemarkethasrisenby25%

B.investingwhentheFTSEralliesbackto5500

C.investingonlyinthosefirmswhichshowsignsofrecovery

D.investingwhenthestockmarketshowssignsofupturn

问题5选项

A.themarketwillbemostlikelytogoupbetweenNovemberandApril

B.themarketwilldropbyanaverageof15%betweenNovemberandApril

C.themarketwillnotlikelygoupinthenextthreemonths

D.itisquiterationaltotakeapessimisticaltitudetowardsthestockmarket

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段的内容，在伦敦股市收复了9.11以来的全部损失后，投资者被鼓励继续将他们的储蓄投入股市。尽管美国道琼斯工业平均指数在纽约被诊断出炭疽病例后在周五暴跌，该建议还是出现了。九月份，美国的消费支出也下跌了超过经济学家预测的三倍，将股价推回到袭击前的水平之下。由此可知，“9•11”事件后，英国富时100指数立即下跌，选项A符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段最后两句“SomecommentatorspredictthatAmericawillendurearecessionlastingsixmonths.TheyalsoexpectBritaintosufferasharpslowdown.Butanalystssaythemarketiswellplacedtoabsorbanyfurtherbadnews.一些评论家预测，美国将经历长达6个月的经济衰退。他们还预计英国经济将急剧放缓。但分析师表示，市场已经做好准备，可以消化任何进一步的坏消息。”A选项“美国经济将能够抵御进一步的衰退”和B选项“纽约的道琼斯指数将很快停止下跌”在文中没有提及，选项D“英国和美国的经济形势将在6个月内好转”不符合原文。选项C“市场将消化任何进一步的坏消息”符合原文

3.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“…anyannouncementsaboutrisingunemploymentorcorporatestreamliningcouldhaveapositiveeffectonshares.任何有关失业率上升或公司裁员的消息，都可能对股价产生积极影响。”所以选项B正确。

4.判断推理题。题干意思是“专家建议私人投资者避免过去的错误，在……”。根据倒数第二段第一句Expertsarethereforeurgingprivateinvertorsnottorepeattheirpastmistakes,whentheywaitedforasustainedrallybeforefeelingconfidentenoughtoinvest.（因此，专家们敦促私人投资者不要重蹈覆辙，不要等到股市持续上涨时才有足够的信心进行投资）和第四段ifthemarkethit5500andremainedaroundthatlevelforsomeweeks,itwouldbeasignthatfurther,sustainedgainswereimminent.（如果股市达到5500点，并在这一水平附近保持数周，这将表明，进一步持续的上涨即将到来）可推断，私人投资者可以在股市好转的时候进行投资，故D项“当股票市场显示好转迹象时进行投资”正确；B项“当富时指数回升至5500点时投资”与原文不符；由It’speculiarthatinvestorsfeelit’ssafertoinvestafterthemarkethasrisenby25%thanwhenithasfallenby25%.Commonsensesuggeststhattheoppositewouldbemoreappropriate.（奇怪的是，投资者觉得在股市上涨25%后投资比下跌25%时更安全；常识告诉我们，相反的措辞会更合适）可知，市场下跌25%比股市上涨25%后投资更安全，A项“在市场上涨25%之前不做任何投资”错误；C项“只投资那些有复苏迹象的公司”原文没有提到。因此，该题选择D项正确。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Schwartzsaid,‘It’snoguaranteeforthisyear,buthistoryisonourside.’Schwartz说，今年不敢保证，但历史总是站在我们这一边。”上文提到，股票市场历史学家Schwartz表示，股票指数在11月~4月期间几乎总是上涨的。所以选项A符合原文。

6.单选题

Therearethreegeneralmethodspeopleusetoexplainandunderstandtheirworld:beliefs,pseudo-science,andscience.

Whatarebeliefs?Well,simplyput,beliefsarewhatyoubelievetobetrue.Inthisfirstmethodofinterpretingmanandtheworld,certainpeopleprovedtheinformationabouthowtheworldworks.Theirteachingsarebeyondquestion.Theirfollowersacceptthesebeliefsbecausetheywanttoacceptthem,notbecauseofscientificevidence.Someexamplesarereligions,suchasChristianity.ChristiansbelieveinoneGod,whocreatedtheuniverseandallthatisinit.TheybelievethatthisGodisactiveinhistory,guidingandteachingHispeople.Likemanyreligions,Christianityprovidesanumberofspecificmoralrulesandprinciplesthatmakeupanimportantpartofitsteachings.Superstitions,suchasFungShui,arealsocommonexamplesofbeliefs.

Pseudoscience,alsocalledfakescience,isanybodyorknowledge,methodology,belief,orpracticethatclaimstobescientificorismadetoappearscientific,butisactuallynot.Inpseudoscience,peopleacceptopinions,orchosetobelievecertainfactswhileintentionallyignoringothers,resultinginafalseunderstandingofthingsandevents.Beliefsinmagic,monsters,andghostsfallintothiscategory.BothChineseQigongandIndianYogaareverygoodphysicalexercisesthatcanhelptheirpractitionerskeepfit,butwhensomemagicalpower,theyareturningQigongorYogaintopseudoscience.Manypeoplefol¬lowpseudosciencebecausebeliefinmagicormysteriouspowersisentertaining.Astrologyhasmillionsoffollowersallaroundtheworld,notbecauseithelpsthemdealwiththeworldinanybetterway,onlybe¬causeitisjustfun.

Ofthethreemethods,onlyscienceprovidesarationalwayofunderstandingtheworlD.Itdoesnotprovideamoralsystemasreligiondoes,anditmaynotalwaysbeasentertainingaspseudosciencesometimesis,butitistheonlymethodthatrequiresconstanttestingoffacts,beliefsandideas,resultinginchangingtheoriesaswegetnewinformation.Scienceteachesustodrawconclusionsbasedonevidenceanditalsoteachesus"thatsomeevidenceisstrongerthanotherevidence,andhowtojudgetheevidence.Throughourstudyofscience,welearntoacceptuncertainty,toquestionfactsandtheories,andtosearchconstantlyfortruth.

MostofususeallthreemethodsindifferentproportionstoviewourworlD.Somescientistsbelieveintheorieswithoutsupportingevidence.Andthescientificmethodisoftenusedforunscientificpurposes.Butscienceistheonlymethodthatisconstantlychanging.Itdoesnotdependontheteachingsofoneman.Eachscientistbuildsontheworkofothersandhisfindings,inturn,areusedbyotherstoincreaseourknowledgeoftheworld.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeagoodtitleofthepassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutscience?

4.WhichofthefollowingisTUREaboutpseudoscience?

5.Theword"astrology"(Paragraph3)mostprobablyrefersto（）.

问题1选项

A.ScienceandPseudoscience.

B.ReligionandScience.

C.Science,PseudoscienceandReligion.

D.DifferentWaysofViewingtheWorld.

问题2选项

A.Nobeliefsaresupportedbyscientificevidence.

B.Pseudosciencealwaysleadstofalseunderstandingofthingsorevents.

C.Scienceneverquestionsfacts.

D.Scientistsacceptnotingwithoutscientificevidence.

问题3选项

A.Scienceacceptsuncertainty.

B.Sciencedoesnotpushpeopletofollowanyspecificsetofmoralrules.

C.Scienceteachesustoweighdifferentevidence.

D.Scienceurgesusnottoacceptanybeliefsorideas.

问题4选项

A.Qigongispseudoscience.

B.Pseudoscienceprovidesnosupportingevidence.

C.Pseudosciencecanbeentertaining.

D.Pseudosciencehasnothingtodowithbeliefs.

问题5选项

A.studyofthepositionofstarsinthebeliefthattheyinfluencehumanaffairs

B.asetofmethodsusedindoingthingsefficientlyinourlife

C.centraldataprocessingunitofacomputerpopularlyusedtoday

D.scientificstudyoftheearth'scrust,rocks,etC.andofthehistoryofitsdevelopment

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文第一段提出了三个不同的世界观,接下来分别进行具体阐述,最后进行总结。所以选项D正确,其他选项都比较片面,选项D正确,全文都是在描述看待世界的三种方法。

2.细节推断题。根据第二段的第四句"Theirfollowersaccept...scientificevidence."他们的追随者接受这些信仰,是因为他们愿意接受,而不是因为科学证据。所以选项A错误;根据第三段的第二句"Inpseudoscience,...,resultinginafalseunderstandingofthingsandevents."可知选项B正确;根据第四段的最后一句"Throughourstudyofscience,,...tosearchconstantlyfortruth."通过对科学的学习,我们学会了接受不确定性,质疑事实和理论,不断地寻找真理。所以选项C错误;选项D说法太绝对,所以不正确。只有选项B符合原文。

3.细节推断题。根据第四段的最后一句"Throughourstudyofscience,,...tosearchconstantlyfortruth."通过对科学的学习,我们学会了接受不确定性,质疑事实和理论,不断地寻找真理。选项A,B,C均正确;选项D中的belieforidea也就是指原文中的uncertainty,选项D与原文表述不符。

4.细节推断题。根据第三段"BothChineseQigong...turningQigongorYogaintopseudoscience."可知选项A表述太绝对,气功本身是好的,只是被某些居心不良的人加以利用了;根据第三段的第二句"Inpseudoscience,peopleacceptopinions,orchosetobelievecertainfacts..."可知伪科学会提供证据,只不过这些证据不是科学证据;根据第三段的倒数第二句"Manypeoplefol¬lowpseudoscience...isentertaining."可知选项C正确;根据第三段的第一句"Pseudoscience,...,isanybodyorknowledge,methodology,belief,orpractice..."可知选项D错误。所以本题选C。

5.词义辨析题。astrology指"占星术",认为星星会影响人类而对星星的位置进行研究。选项A正确。

7.单选题

Ourprogramisdifferent（）itstressesthetechnicalskillsthatbusinessandindustryseekastheyincorporatetheinternetintotheirenterprisesystems.

问题1选项

A.nowthat

B.inthat

C.incase

D.regardlessof

【答案】B

【解析】nowthat"既然";inthat"由于";incase"万一,假使";regardlessof"不管,不顾"。句意：我们的项目不同,它强调了商业和工业在将互联网融入企业系统时所寻求的技术技能。前后为因果关系。所以选项B正确。

8.单选题

FactoryandaccompanyingprosperitymutedmemoriesoftheGreatDepressionandmadehimanationalhero.

问题1选项

A.transpire

B.upbraid

C.muffle

D.twist

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.transpire为人所知B.upbraid训斥

C.muffle使（声音）降低D.twist使弯曲

【答案】C

【考查点】动词辨析

【解题思路】划线词的主语为“工厂和随之而来的繁荣”，宾语为“关于大萧条的记忆”，根据常理推断，繁荣冲淡了人们对大萧条的记忆；原词muted“消音；减弱”。因此，C选项muffle“使（声音）降低”最接近原句句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原句句意。

【句意】工厂和随之而来的繁荣掩盖了人们对大萧条的记忆，并且使他成为了民族英雄。

9.单选题

Heisofa（

）mood;heneverfinisheswhathestarts.

问题1选项

A.different

B.variable

C.various

D.distinctive

【答案】B

【解析】句意:他这个人朝三暮四，做起事来总是虎头蛇尾。

考查形容词辨析。different个别的,与众不同的;variable多变的,变异的;various各种各样的,多方面的;distinctive有特色的,与众不同的。这里形容这个人朝三暮四.故选B。

10.单选题

John______betterthantogoswimmingrightaftereating.

问题1选项

A.shallknow

B.shouldn’tknow

C.hasknown

D.shouldhaveknown

【答案】D

【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：你应该知道不能吃完饭就去游泳。根据John在之前就know刚吃完饭不能游泳，对现在有影响，确定用现在完成时；结合语境，这里指本来就该知道，加上情态动词should后句意通顺，D选项shouldhaveknown符合题意。A选项shallknow中shall意思为“将要”，不符合题意。B选项shouldn’tknow不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

11.翻译题

1.Butanothernewstudyprovidesthefirstsolidevidenceofadirectlinkbetweencertainkindsofprolongedexerciseandsubtleheartdamage.Forthestudy,CanadianandSpanishscientistsproddedyoung,healthymaleratstorunatanintensepace,dayafterday,forthreemonths,whichistheequivalentofabout10yearsinhumanterms.Attheendofthetrainingperiod,heartscansshowedthatmostoftherodentshaddevelopeddiffusescarringandsomestructuralchanges,similartothechangesseeninthehumanenduranceathletes.Acontrolgroupofunexercisedratshaddevelopednosuchremodelingoftheirhearts.Interestingly,whentheanimalsstoppedrunning,theirheartsreturnedtonormalwithineightweeks.Mostofthefibrosisandotherapparentdamagedisappeared.

2.Youmayfeelthedesiretoskipsketchingandjumpstraighttothecomputerorworkoutyoursolutionsasdigitalsketches.Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,especiallyforyourownexperimentalwork.Thereisnoquickermethodforexploringmultiplevisualsolutionsthansketchingthough.Trytoweightheadvantagesofsketchinginregardstotheprojectathand.

Hand-drawnsketchingplaysanimportantroleinthedigitalarts.Thelargeraprojectis,andthemoreconceptsaclientwillneedtosee,themoresketchingwillproveitsworthinyourdesignprocess.Considerusingroughsketchesforcompositionorlayoutoptionsinyournextproject.OrpushyourselftodoanotherhandfulofthumbnailsketchesbeforefiringupPhotoshop.

3.Homeisthefirstandmostimportantschoolofcharacter.Itistherethateveryhumanbeingreceiveshisbestmoraltraining,orhisworst:foritistherethatheimbibesthoseprinciplesofconductwhichendurethroughmanhood,andceaseonlywithlife.Fromthatsource,beitpureorimpure,issuetheprinciplesandmaximsthatgovernsociety.Lawitselfisbutthereflexofhome.Thetiniestbitsofopinionsowninthemindsofchildreninprivatelifeafterwardsissueforthtotheworld,andbecomeitspublicopinion:fornationsaregatheredoutofnurseries,andtheywhoholdtheleading-stringsofchildrenmayevenexerciseagreaterpowerthanthosewhowieldthereinsofgovernment.

ChooseONLYONEtextfromthefollowingpassagesandtranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovided.IfmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】1.但另一项最新研究首次有力地证明了，某些长时间的运动和轻微的心脏损伤之间存在直接联系。在这项研究中，加拿大和西班牙的科学家们刺激年轻健康的雄性实验鼠快速地奔跑，日复一日，一共持续了三个月，这相当于人类大约10年的时间。在奔跑实验完成后，心脏扫描显示这些老鼠中，大部分的心脏都发生弥漫性疤痕,有些还发生结构性变化，这和发生在耐力运动员身上的变化相似。而对照组中没有训练的老鼠，它们的心脏却没有发生这些变化。有趣的是，一旦这些老鼠停止奔跑，它们的心脏在八周内就会恢复正常。大部分的心脏纤维化和其他明显的受损状况都会消失。

2.也许你想跳过在纸上画草图，直接用电脑做设计方案，或者把你的解决方案作成数字草图。这并没有什么不妥，由个人工作而定。但对于策划多种视觉解决方案来说，没有一种方法比画草图更快。可以试着根据手头上的项目来衡量草图的优势。

手绘草图在数字艺术当中扮演了重要角色。项目越大，客户需要看到的概念越多，草图越能在设计过程中体现出它的价值。不妨考虑在下一个项目中使用粗略草图来构图或者布局备选方案。或者在使用图片编辑之前迫使自己画另一组小型草图。

3.家是品格形成的第一个，也是最重要的学堂。正是在那里，每个人接受最好的，亦或最糟糕的道德教育：正是在那里，人们汲取的那些行为准则，生则始，死方终。家，正是从这个源头，无论其纯洁与否，产生了支配社会的条框和准绳。而法律只不过是家庭的反映。家庭生活播撒在孩子心灵上的点滴细微的想法，日后将传向社会，变成公众意见。由于国家只是家庭的集合体，牵系孩子的家庭可能要比管控社会的政府更具影响力。

12.单选题

Thewomenmeettwiceamonthto（）theirideastogetherandsetbusinessgoalsforeachother.

问题1选项

A.enquire

B.indulge

C.tease

D.pool

【答案】D

【解析】enquire询问,调查；indulge满足,纵容；tease取笑,戏弄；pool联营,合伙经营。句意：这些女性每月会面两次,把她们的想法汇集在一起,为彼此设定商业目标。选项D符合语境。

13.单选题

Mostcharismatic（有魅力的）leadersmakeextensiveuseofanecdotes（趣闻轶事）.Message-sendinganecdotesrelatetosuchsubjectsasacompanypresidentgoingoutofhiswaytohelpanindividualcustomer,oralower-rankingemployeewhodefiedhigherauthorityinordertomeetherjobresponsibilities.Inthelatterinstance,areceptionistatIBMdeniedadmissiontothecompanychairman,TomWatson,becausehewasnotwearingasecuritybadge.Insteadoffiringtheyoungwoman,Watsonpraisedherdevotiontoduty.

Severalyearsago,theFordMotorCompanyannouncedfar-reachingchangesthatwouldaffecthowcarsweremanufacturedandhowemployeeswouldworktogether.AseniorFordexecutivewaschosentodelivertheclosingremarkstoagroupof300Fordmanagersgatheredtolearnaboutthechanges.

Towardthecloseofthespeech,theexecutivetoldastoryaboutWillieB.,agorillawholivedfortwenty-sevenyearsinisolationinadrearyAtlantazoo.Hesaidthathehadraisedmoneyforastate-of-the-artgorillahabitat.WillieB.,forthefirsttimeinhislife,wouldnowliveinagorilla-friendly,close-to-natureenvironment.Yetsomehow,WillieB.wasslowtoadapttohisnewenvironment.

Ittookthegorillaseveraldaystofullyexplorehisnewhabitat.AphotographercaughtthemomentwhenWillieB.testedthegrasswithatoe.TheFordexecutivehangsaframedphotographofthisincidentinhisoffice.“It'sthere,”hesaid,“toremindmethatnomatterhowattractivethenewsurroundingsmightappear,ittakestimeandcouragetoleavethecomfortablesecurityofaplace—evenanuglycramped（狭窄的）spacethatyouknowwell.”

Atthemomentthemeetingended,meetingparticipantscameovertothespeakertoexpresshowmuchthespeechhadtouchedthem.Thestoryaboutthegorillabroughttearstotheeyesofmany.Ofsignificancetotheorganization,manyprobablylefttheconferencewithanunderstandingofhowdifficultthecoiningchangesweregoingtobeforemployees.

Becominganeffectivestorytellerrequirespractice.However,theskilliswellworthdevelopingbecauseofitscontributiontoaperson’smagnetismandleadershipability.Createausefulanecdotefileofyourown.Collectanecdotesaboutthingsyouobservepersonally,thoseyouhearfromothers,andthoseyoureadinbooks,magazines,andnewsletters.Anecdotescanalsobefoundinbooksandnewslettersaboutspeechmaking.Attempttoscreenoutthoseanecdotesthatarewidelyusedbecausestaleanecdotesboreaudiences.

1.WhydidTomWatsonpraisethefemaleemployeeinthesecondexamplecitedinthefirstparagraph?

2.ThelifeofWillieB.usedtobe（

）.

3.ThestoryofWillieB.showsthat

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

5.WecansafelyconcludefromthepassagethattheFordseniorexecutive（

）.

问题1选项

A.Becauseshealwaysreceivesthecompanychairmanwarmly.

B.Becauseshedefied,lower-rankingemployees.

C.Becauseshewasaresponsibleemployee.

D.Becausesheneverforgetstowearasecuritybadge.

问题2选项

A.interesting

B.morecomfortable

C.closetonature

D.isolated

问题3选项

A.ittakestimeandcouragetofaceandadapttoanewenvironment

B.animalsarequitereluctanttochangetheirhabitats

C.WillieB.likestotestgrasswithonetoe

D.peoplearealwaysreadytomeetthedifficultiesresultingfromchanges

问题4选项

A.Manyacharismaticleadertendstomakethemostofanecdotesandstories.

B.Itisalwaysagoodideatocollectanecdotesthatarewidelyused.

C.Personalmagnetismisbuiltupbyreadingbooks,magazinesandnewsletters.

D.Tobecomeaneffectivestory-telleronehasonlytocreateausefulanecdotefile.

问题5选项

A.wasaneffectiveleaderwhoalwaystoldstoriestohisemployees

B.wasapersonwhooftencitedwidely-usedanecdotestoinfluenceothers

C.wasabletohelpmeetingparticipantsunderstandthecomingchangesbetter

D.alwaysusedanecdotestohelpemployeesunderstandcompanypolicies

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段第二句指出:...alower-rankingemployeewhodefiedhigherauthorityinordertomeetherjobresponsibilities(一个低职位员工违抗高级别领导，是为了履行其工作职贵),由此可知答案选C“因为她是一个有责任心的员工”。

2.细节事实题。第三段指出:...agorillawholivedfortwenty-sevenyearsinisolationinadrearyAtlantazoo(在亚特兰大一个被隔离且沉闷的动物园内生活27年的大猩猩),可知D项“隔离的”正确。

3.判断推理题。第四段:nomatterhowattractivethenewsurroundingsmightappear,ittakestimeandcouragetoleavethecomfortablesecurityofaplace(无论新环境多么有吸引力，都得花时间，且需要勇气离开舒适安全的地方)。由此可知选A项“面对与适应新的环境是花时间且需要勇气的”。

4.细节事实题。根据第一段第一句Mostcharismaticleadersmakeextensiveuseofanecdotes(大部分有魅力的领导人都懂得充分利用轶事)推断A项“许多有魅力的领导会充分利用各类奇闻轶事与故事”正确。根据文章最后一句话Attempttoscreenoutthoseanecdotesthatarewidelyusedbecausestaleanecdotesboreaudiences(尽量排除那些被广泛引用的轶事，因为它们会让听众感到乏味)推断B“收集被广泛运用的轶事是一个很不错的主意”与原文不符。根据文章最后一段的theskilliswellworthdevelopingbecauseofitscontributiontoaperson’smagnetismandleadershipability(这项技能是非常值得学习的，因为它能帮助打造个人魅力和领导才能)推断C项“通过阅读书籍、杂志和时事新闻，可以打造个人魅力”与原文不符。文章并没有说要想成为一个高效的讲故事者，只需制作一个有用的奇闻轶事记录册。故D项没有根据。因此选A。

5.判断推理题。第二段指出:manyprobablylefttheconferencewithanunderstandingofhowdifficultthecomingchangesweregoingtobeforemployees(在离会时很多人可能都了解了接下来的改变对员工来说意味着多大的困难),因此C项“能够帮助与会人员更好理解即将到来的变化”正确。而A项“是个高效率的领导，且习惯于向员工讲故事”和B项“是个经常喜欢引经据典影响他人的人”在原文中并没有体现。D项“习惯于引经据典帮助员工理解公司政策的人”,文章中也找不到根据。

14.单选题

4.

问题1选项

A.Fourdays.

B.Tendays.

C.Oneweek.

D.Two