考研考博-英语-安徽林业职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽林业职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterpartsinanyotherportionoftheglobe.Valleywallsrisesteeplyfiveorsixthousandfeetoneveryside.Thecolumnscrawlthroughamazeofgiantcorridorsdownwhichfiercesnow-fedtorrentsfoamunderskiesofbrass.Amidthesescenesofsavagebrilliancytheredwellsaracewhosequalitiesseemtoharmonizewiththeirenvironment.Exceptatharvesttime，whenself-preservationrequiresatemporarytruce,thePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarrior,apoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfortressmade,itistrue,onlyofsunbakedclay，butwithbattlements,turrets,loopholes，drawbridges,etc.Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan，itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.Forthepurposesofsociallife,inadditiontotheconventionaboutharvest-time,amostelaboratecodeofhonourhasbeenestablishedandisonthewholefaithfullyobserved.Amanwhoknewitandobserveditfaultlesslymightpassunarmedfromoneendofthefrontiertoanother.Theslightesttechnicalslipwould,however，befatal.ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.

Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts:therifleandtheBritishGovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecond,anunmitigatednuisance.TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone’sownhouseandfireatone’sneighbournearlyamileaway.Onecouldlieinwaitonsomehighcrag，andathithertounheardofrangeshitahorsemanfarbelow.Evenvillagescouldfireateachotherwithoutthetroubleofgoingfarfromhome.Fabulouspriceswerethereforeofferedforthesegloriousproductsofscience.RiflethievesscouredallIndiatoreinforcetheeffortsofthehonestsmuggler.Asteadyflowofthecovetedweaponsspreaditsgenialinfluencethroughoutthefrontier,andtherespectwhichthePathantribesmenentertainedforChristiancivilizationwasvastlyenhanced.

TheactionoftheBritishGovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganizing，advancing,absorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthanamonstrousspoil-sport.IfthePathanmadeforaysintotheplains,notonlyweretheydrivenback(whichafterallwasnomorethanfair)，butawholeseriesofsubsequentinterferencestookplace,followedatintervalsbyexpeditionswhichtoiledlaboriouslythroughthevalleys,scoldingthetribesmenandexactingfinesforanydamagewhichtheyhaddone.Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome,hadafightandthengoneawayagain.Inmanycasesthiswastheirpracticeunderwhatwascalledthe“butcherandboltpolicy”towhichtheGovernmentofIndialongadhered.Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys,andinparticularthegreatroadtoChitral.Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.Therewasnoobjectiontothelastmethodsofarasitwent.Butthewholeofthistendencytoroad-makingwasregardedbythePathanswithprofounddistaste.Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravellersalongtheroad.Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.

1.Theworddebtsin“veryfewdebtsareleftunpaid”inthefirstparagraphmeans_______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthegeographicalfactsabouttheIndianfrontier?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thePathanswelcomed_________.

4.BuildingroadsbytheBritish__________.

5.Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe________.

问题1选项

A.loans

B.accounts

C.killings

D.bargains

问题2选项

A.Meltingsnows.

B.Largepopulation.

C.Steephillsides.

D.Fertilevalleys.

问题3选项

A.theintroductionoftherifle

B.thespreadofBritishrule

C.theextensionofluxuries

D.thespreadoftrade

问题4选项

A.putanendtoawholeseriesofquarrels

B.preventedthePathansfromcarryingonfeuds

C.lessenedthesubsidiespaidtothePathans

D.gavethePathansamuchquieterlife

问题5选项

A.CampaigningontheIndianFrontier

B.WhythePathansResentedtheBritishRule

C.ThePopularityofRiflesamongthePathans

D.ThePathansatWar

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.词义题。根据文章第一段，“Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan，itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.”，可知每座村庄都设有自己的防卫。每个家族都有自己的仇恨，每个部落都有宿仇。无数部落和部落联合体都有自己的理由与其他部落清算。人们不会忘记任何事情，并且有仇必报。所以这里的债务是指宿仇和仇杀。选项C符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句，“…arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation…”，可知土地丰饶，只要些许劳作就足以供养稀少人口的物质需求。所以人口并不多。选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“…convenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.”，可知步枪的便捷受到了前所未有的欢迎。这个在1500码远的地方可精确杀死对手的武器给每一个能拥有它的家庭或家族带来了新的希望。所以帕坦人是欢迎步枪这种武器的引入的。选项A符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章第三段，“Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.”，他们通过威胁恐吓、堡垒、补助等方式来确保这些道路的安全。所以没有减少补贴，可排除选项C。根据文章第三段，“Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,”可知英国政府要求沿路周围的人们保持安静，不许相互射杀，所以帕坦部落并没有过着安静的生活，可排除选项D。根据文章第三段最后一句，“Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.”，可知一切斗争都源于这些道路的修建，一系列的争吵并没有结束，排除选项A。选项B符合题意。

5.主旨题。纵观全文，第一段主要介绍了印度边境的环境和活动，第二段提到了步枪引入到帕坦部落，并且受到了欢迎，第三段提到了帕坦部落人对英国政府的不满，并且讲到了帕坦部落对英国政府的修路意图尤其憎恨，这也是一切斗争的根源。由此可见，本文主要介绍了帕坦部落的生活环境，对步枪的喜爱以及对英国政府的憎恶等各方面的内容。选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

Therearenotmanyteacherswhoarestrong（

）oftraditionalmethodsinEnglishteaching.

问题1选项

A.sponsors

B.contributors

C.advocates

D.performers

【答案】C

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。Sponsor“赞助者”；contributor“捐赠者”；advocate“倡导者，支持者”；performer“表演者”。句意：很多老师都不再强烈倡导传统英语教学法了。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

“Onnoaccount（）tofeedtheanimals,”thewarningcanbeseenonthesignboardinfrontofeverycage.

问题1选项

A.allowvisitors

B.visitorsareallowed

C.arevisitorsallowed

D.areallowedvisitors

【答案】C

【解析】考査倒装。当否定词位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，即将be动词提前。根据句意这里指参观者不被允许，所以选项C正确。

4.翻译题

SherryTurkleofMIT:ThehumancostofsocialtechnologyBySimonMainwaring

Inlightofalltherecentdevelopmentsaroundsocialtechnology,fromthelaunchofGoogle+toFacebook’sF8conferencelaunchofTimelineandTickerlastweek,IfeltitespeciallypertinenttosharethisinterviewwithSherryTurkleofMIT.WhatsheinvitesustoconsideristhehumancostofoursocialmediaengagementwhichseemsallthemorerelevantasnetworkslikeGoogle+andFacebookarmuswithnewtoolstobecomeevenmoreeffectiveonlinestorytellersinspiringustospendmoretimethere.

SM:HiI'mSimonMainwaring,hereattheIVOHWorldSummitintheCatskills,NewYork,andIhavethegreatpleasureofbeingherewithSherryTurkle,whoistheprofessorofSocialStudiesofScienceandTechnologyatMIT,andtheauthorofthecriticallyacclaimedbook.AloneTogether.Itissuchapleasuretochatwithyou,Sherry.Thankyouforyourtime.Now,oneofthethingsItalkaboutwhenitcomestosocialmediaisthatIbelievethattechnologyisteachingustobehumanagain,yetthethesisofyourbookmightactuallygoagainstthatproposition.Doyouthinkthat’strueornot?

ST:Ithinkthat'sacomplicatedstory.

1.Thatistosay,wearenowusingtechnologyinsomewaysthataredistancingusfromeachother,butI’moptimisticbecauseIthinksomanyofusarestartingtorealizethatsomethingisgoingamisswhenwehavedinnerwithfriendsandeveryonehasaphoneonthetableandinterruptsconversationsinordertotakethosecalls.WhenIwalkedthedunesofCapeCodthatThoreauwalked,andeverybodyiswalkingthoseduneswiththeirheadsdowntothosedevices,somethingisgoingamiss.Wheneveryoneisansweringemailsinsteadoftalkingtocolleaguesatwork,somethingisgoingamiss.Soit’sgood,butweneedtomakeitgoodforus.

SM:Whatwouldyousayisbeinglost,andwhatisthecostofthat?

ST:Well,I’veinterviewedhundredsofyoungpeopleandhundredsofolderpeopleandIthinkthatoneofthethingsthatisbeinglostistheabilitytotoleratesolitude.InmyownstudiesIcallit,“Ishare,thereforeIam.”Thatistosay,yougofromapositionwhereyousay“Ihaveafeeling,Iwanttomakeacall,”toapositionwhereyousay“Iwanttohaveafeeling,Ineedtosendatext.”

2.Sowhat’sbeinglostistheabilitytoexperienceyourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutimmediatelysharingthemandyoulosethecapacitytocollaboratebecausecollaborationisinfusion.Youneedtocometocollaborationwithasenseofself,withyourownideasandconfidenceinyourself.Youlosethecapacityforcertainkindsofleadershipbecause,again,leadershiprequiresanabilitytolead,notjusttopoll.

3.Soyoufeellikewe’relosingtheabilitytobepresentbecausewe’reinsuchahurrytopassonthatexperiencethatwealmostcutourselvesoutoftheequation.

ST:Yes.Andwe’resubstitutingconnectionforconversation.Ithinkthat’sveryimportant.Thismovefromconversationtoconnection,andwe’realmostforgettinghownurturingconversationis.OverandoverI’veinterviewedpeoplewhobasicallytellme“Don’tcall.”InAloneTogetherIhaveachaptertitledPleaseDon’tCall.Thelastthingtheywantisatelephonecall.Itwouldtaketoomuchtime.It’stoodangerous.Toomuchmightshow.Theydon’twanttobeinterrupted.It’seasiertosendanemailorsendatextandnothavetherisksofshowingthemselvesinaconversation.

SM:Wouldyoucharacterizethisasafunctionoftheneedtonowliveinpublicatalltimes,toalwaysbe“on”?Isthatthechallengethatwe’reallfacingnow,because,giventheopportunitytodoitwithsocialmediaandtheseotherplatforms,wefeelobligatedtodoso?

ST:Thereareseveralthings.We’vegivenourselvesanopportunitytohide.Socialmedia,forallofit’sbounties—andI’mveryenthusiasticofallthebountiesofsocialmedia—italsogivesusanopportunitytohide.

4.Weperformourselvesonsocialmedia,andthatisdifferentfrombeingourselvesonsocialmedia.Thatabilitytoperformyourselfisalsoanabilitytohide.Itleadstosomethingthatcall“Fearofmissingout.”You’realwayswatchingwhatotherpeoplearedoingandyoubeingtobejealousbecausetheirshowingtheirbestselvesandyou’reshowingyourbestself.YoualmostbecomejealousofthelifeyouliveonFacebook.Youhavetoremindyourselfthatit’syourlifebecauseyou’reshowingyourbestself.

SM:Letmeaskyouaquestionaboutthat.Howdifferentisthattotheversionofourselvesthatwepresentintherealworld,albeitonlytooneortwoorfivepeopleatatime?Isitworsebecausewecanreachamassaudience?

ST:No,it’sworsebecause...we’resittingheretogetherand,ofcourse,I’minaroleandyou’reinarole,butbecausewe’reheretogether,certainthingsshow.We’reanimals,we’rehumanbeingsand,really,bythefactthatwe’reheretogether,weshowourselvestoeachother,werevealourselvestoeachother.Onthenetwork,wecanfakeit.Wecanperformourselvesinawaywherethereisamorepolishedself.Iinterviewpeoplewhoreallydescribetomethetimeandthecaretheytakeonwhattheypresentintheirsocialmediapresence.It’slikewe’replayingavatarsofourselves.

SM:5.Ifyouhadtocharacterizeitintwoways,thelongtermeffectsonthis,whatisthebestcasescenario,theupside,andtheworstcasescenario.Giveusthespectrumofconsequence.

ST:Bestcasescenario...Myfavoritelineinmybookis,“Justbecausewegrewupwiththeinternet,wethinktheinternetisallgrownup,anditisn’t,andit’stimetomakethecorrections.”Ithinkwe’reataturningpointnowwherewe’rereadytoreassessandliveasanerandhealthierlife.Ithinkthecorporateworldisreadytobemoreattentivetothesocialandemotionalneedsofbothitsconsumersanditsworkers.Ithinkthatpeoplearereadytobemoreattentivetolivingasanerlifeintheironlinepresence.Wedon’twanttobeinterrupted.6.Sotheplussideisthatwe’reatamomentwherewe’regoingtobeabletoenjoythebountiesofthistechnologyandminimizeitscost.Thedownsideisthatwearesomehow,justlikethere’safogofwar,there’safogoftechnology.TeachingatMITfor30years,Icantellyouthattechnologycanmakeusforgetwhatweknowaboutlife,andoneofthethingsthatwe’reforgettingrightnowistheimportanceofconversationandoftrulybeingwitheachotherinthewaysthatmatter.

SM:Yetyou’restilloptimistic.Whyareyouoptimistic?Whatgivesyouhope?

ST:7.I’moptimisticbecauseIthinkhumanbeingswanttobewitheachotherandrealizethenurturanceandthesustainingeffectsofbeingwitheachotherandcommunicatingwitheachother.Ithinkthatthere’samovementIseeintheresonanceinmyworkandintheworkofotherpeoplewhoarestartingtohavethiskindofmessage,includingyourselfactually,thatthere’sstartingtobeaconvergenceinthecorporateworldandconsumerworldofrealizingthatthesetwoworldshaveintereststhatarestartingtocometogetherbyusingthistechnologyinmorehumaneways,inwaysthatarebetterforthesocialgood.

SM:Ican’ttellyouhowexcitedIambythebook.Thatfifteen-yearstudyontheimpactofscienceandtechnologyisabsolutelyincredible.Ihighlyrecommendittoeveryone.Whereelsecanpeoplefindyouonline?

ST:Forthebook,goto,orgoogleSherryTurkleandmywebpagewithallmywritingsandresearchwillbeonthat.

SM:Thankyouforgivingusthegiftofallyourthinking.Arealpleasuretomeetyou,Sherry.

【答案】1.也就是说，我们现在使用的技术在某些方面正使我们相互疏远。但对此我很乐观。我们和一群朋友一起吃饭时，每个人都带着手机，电话铃响起时却不得不中断交谈。已经有一些人认识到其中的问题了

2.因此，你失去的是一种无需立即分享就独自体验你的想法和感受的能力，且由于合作需要融入，你也失去了合作的能力。

3.所以你会觉得我们正在失去活在当下的能力，因为我们太急于将这种体验传递下去，以至于我们几乎把自己隔离起来。

4.我们在社交媒体上表现自己，这和在社交媒体前做自己是不同的。这种自我表现的能力也是一种隐藏的能力，这最终会变成我说的“害怕错过”。

5.如果你必须用两种方式来描述它的长期影响，那就是最好的情况与最坏的结果。给出结果可能出现的范围。

6.因此，好的一面是，我们现在能够享受这项技术的好处并将其代价降到最低。坏的一面是，就像战争一样，我们需要面对“科技的迷雾”。

7.我很乐观，因为我认为人们想要同彼此在一起，认识到彼此相处和交流的滋养和持续效果。

5.写作题

Youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan250wordsanddoyourcompositionneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingtopic:

OnKnowledgeandAbility

【答案】OnKnowledgeandAbility6.单选题

Theglasswareintheboxis（）;ithasgottobehandledwithcare.

问题1选项

A.crunchy

B.fragile

C.brittle

D.crisp

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项crunchy“易碎的，发出嘎吱嘎吱声的”，通常有响声的时候用，例如：Theleavescrunchedundermyfeet.（树叶在我脚下嘎吱作响。）B选项fragile“脆的，易碎的”常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西，也引申为体弱的，虚弱的，例如：Becarefulwiththatvase–itisveryfragile.（拿那只花瓶要小心——它很容易碎。），He’sfeelingabitfragileafterlastnight'sparty.（他参加了昨晚的聚会以后，现在感觉有些虚弱。）C选项brittle“易碎的，脆弱的，易生气的”，指没有弹性或伸缩性的脆性材料，暗示受压或被扭曲时易碎，例如：Asyougetolderyourbonesbecomeincreasinglybrittle.（随着年龄增长，人的骨头变得越来越脆。）D选项crisp“脆的，新鲜的，易碎的”，指食物炸的很酥脆，例如：Bakeuntilthepastryisgoldenandcrisp.（把油酥糕点烤至金黄酥脆。）句意：箱子里的玻璃器皿易碎，需要轻拿轻放。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。

7.翻译题

顾客对产品和服务有不同的价值观。有的顾客要求价格低，购物方便；有的顾客对价格并不太在意，他们要求产品必须是最新款式，在市场上代表最先进的技术；还有的顾客要求产品或服务能满足他们特殊的需求。所以，一家公司若要成为领先市场的首脑公司并保持其竞争优势，就必须根据自身的条件集中在某个方面做出突出的表现，或者以低成本取胜，或者以最新名优产品取胜，或者以与特殊的顾客群建立紧密的关系取胜。

【答案】Customershavedifferentvaluesaboutproductsandservices.Somecustomersaskforlowpricesandconvenientshopping.Somecustomersdonotcaremuchabouttheprice.Theyrequiretheproductstobeofthelateststyleandtorepresentthemostadvancedtechnologyinthemarket.Othersdemandproductsorservicesthatmeettheirspecificneeds.Therefore,ifacompanywantstobecomealeadingcompanyinthemarketandmaintainitscompetitiveadvantage,itmustfocusonaparticularareaofoutstandingperformanceaccordingtoitsownconditions,eitherbywinningwithlowcost,orbywinningwiththelatestandbestproducts,orbybuildingacloserelationshipwithaparticularcustomergroup.

8.单选题

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Fewpeoplecanidentifyitstexture.

B.Fewpeoplecandescribeitprecisely.

C.Itsrealvalueisopentointerpretation.

D.Itsimportanceisoftenover-estimated.

问题2选项

A.Ithasneverseenanychange.

B.Ithasmuchtodowithcolor.

C.Itisawell-protectedgovernmentsecret.

D.Itisasubjectofstudybymanyforgers.

问题3选项

A.Peoplehadlittlefaithinpapermoney.

B.Theycouldlastlongerincirculation.

C.Itpredictedtheirvaluewouldincrease.

D.Theyweremoredifficulttocounterfeit.

问题4选项

A.Thestabilizationofthedollarvalue.

B.Theissuingofgovernmentsecurities.

C.AgoldstandardforAmericancurrency.

D.AsteadyappreciationoftheU.S.dollar.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】RecordingThree

VirtuallyeveryAmericancanrecognizeadollarbillatamereglance.Manycanidentifyitbyitssoundortexture.[22]Butfewpeopleindeedcanaccuratelydescribetheworld’smostpowerful,importantcurrency.

TheAmericandollarbilliscoloredwithblackinkononesideandgreenontheother;[23]theexactcompositionofthepaperandinkisacloselyguardedgovernmentsecret.Despiteitsweightyimportance,thedollarbillactuallyweighslittle.Itrequiresnearly500billstotipthescalesatapound.Notonlyisthedollarbilllightweight,butitalsohasabrieflifespan.Fewdollarbillssurvivelongerthan18months.

Theword“dollar”istakenfromtheGermanword“taler”,thenamefortheworld’smostimportantcurrencyinthe16thcentury.Thetalerwasasilvercoinfirstmintedin1580underthereignofCharlesV,EmperorofGermany.

TheconceptofpapermoneyisarelativelyrecentinnovationinthehistoryofAmericancurrency.WhentheConstitutionwassigned,[24]peoplehadlittleregardforpapermoneybecauseofitssteadilydecreasingvalueduringthecolonialera.Becauseofthislackoffaith,thenewAmericangovernmentmintedonlycoinsforcommoncurrency.Interest-bearingbanknoteswereissuedatthesametime,buttheirpurposewaslimitedtoprovidingmoneyforurgentgovernmentcrisessuchasAmericaninvolvementintheWarof1812.Thefirstnon-interestbearingpapercurrencywasauthorizedbyCongressin1862attheheightoftheCivilWar.Atthispoint,citizens’oldfearsofdevaluedpapercurrencyhadcalmed,andthedollarbillwasborn.Thenewgreen-coloredpapermoneyquicklyearnedthenickname“greenback”.

Today,theAmericandollarbillisaproductoftheFederalReserve,andisissuedfromthetwelveFederalReservebanksaroundtheUnitedStates.Thegovernmentkeepsasteadysupplyofapproximatelytwobillionbillsincirculationatalltimes.

Controversycontinuestosurroundthetruevalueofthedollarbill.[25]AmericanhistoryhasseengenerationsofpoliticiansargueinfavorofagoldstandardforAmericancurrency.However,forthepresent,theAmericandollarbillholdsthevaluethatisprintedonit,andlittlemore.TheonlyotherguaranteeonthebillisaFederalReservepledgeasaconfirmationintheformofgovernmentsecurities.

22.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheAmericandollarbill?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问关于美元纸币，说话人说了什么？说话人说到，很少人能准确地描述（美元纸币）这一世界上最有影响力、最重要的货币。B选项中的describeitprecisely是录音原文中accuratelydescribe的同义替换，因此B选项“很少有人能准确地描述它”正确。A选项“很少有人能辨别它的质地”表述错误，录音中提及很多人能通过美元纸币的声音或质感（texture）辨别美元；C选项“美元的实际价值有待商榷”和D选项“它的重要性经常被高估”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

23.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheexactcompositionoftheAmericandollarbill?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问关于美元纸币具体的物质成分，说话人说了什么？说话人指出，美元纸币纸和墨的成分，是美国政府严格保守的秘密，C选项“这是政府严格保守的秘密”与原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“它从来都没改变过”，录音中并没有讨论美元纸币物质成分的变化，因此可排除；B选项“它和颜色的关联很大”，录音中没有表明美元纸币的物质成分与颜色有关，因此可排除；D选项“它是许多伪造者研究的课题”录音中没有信息提及，因此可排除。

24.WhydidthenewAmericangovernmentmintonlycoinsforcommoncurrency?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问为什么新美国政府只用硬币作为流通的货币？录音提到，美国宪法签署生效的当时，人们并不尊重纸币，由于民众不信任纸币，新政府就只用硬币作为流通的货币，A选项“人们不太相信纸币”符合录音原文，因此正确。B选项“硬币在流通中可以使用得更久”；C选项“新美国政府预测硬币的价值会上涨”和D选项“硬币更难伪造”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

25.WhathavegenerationsofAmericanpoliticiansarguedfor?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问几代美国政客一直以来都在争论什么？录音提到，美国政客几代人以来都在讨论赞不赞成为美国货币设立金本位制。因此C选项“美国货币的金本位制”正确。A选项“美元价值的稳定”和B选项“政府证券的发行”在录音中虽有信息提及，但它们均不是美国政客几代人一直在讨论的问题；D选项“美元的稳定升值”在录音中没有信息提及，因此排除。

9.单选题

Morethan100（）catsthatusedtoroamthestreetsinaChineseprovincehavenowbeencollectedandorganizedintoatramtofightrodentsthataredestroyingcrops.

问题1选项

A.loose

B.tamed

C.wild

D.stray

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。loose“宽松的”；tamed“驯服的，平淡的”；wild“野生的”；stray“迷路的，流浪的”。句意：100多只曾经在中国某个省份街上流浪的猫被收留并被组织去对付破坏庄稼的啮齿动物。

10.不定项选择题

Stayinginahotelcosts（）rentingaroominadormitoryforaweek.

问题1选项

A.twicemorethan

B.asmuchtwiceas

C.twiceasmuchas

D.asmuchtwice

【答案】A;C

【解析】考查倍数的比较级使用。英语中倍数的常用表达有三种：1.……倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+than表示“比……多……倍”；2.……倍数+as+形容词（或much）或副词+as表示“是……的……倍”；3.……倍数+thesize（length,height…）of表示“是……的……倍”；B选项和D选项不符合语法规则，排除。本题A选项和C选项都符合语法规则，但两者翻译有区别。A选项代入原文之后翻译为：住在旅馆比在宿舍租一个房间一周要贵两倍；B选项带入后句意为：住在旅馆一周的费用是在宿舍租一个房间一周的两倍。由于没有上下文，两个选项的含义和语法都正确，都可以选择。

11.单选题

IwilltellTomheisanadoptedchild,butIwilldoitinduecourse.

问题1选项

A.atpropertime

B.ofcourse

C.inmyownway

D.soonerorlater

【答案】A

【解析】考查词义辨析。induecourse表示“在适当的时候，及时”；A项atpropertime“在适当的时候”，B项ofcourse“当然”，C项inmyownway“以我自己的方式”，D项soonerorlater“迟早，早晚”。句意：我会告诉汤姆他是收养的孩子，但我会在适当的时候告诉他。根据句意可知，该题选择A项正确。

12.单选题

Weneedtobemore（

）totheneedsoftheyoungstudents.

问题1选项

A.sensitive

B.sensational

C.sensory

D.sensible

【答案】A

【解析】形容词词义辨析。sensitive“敏感的”；sensational“轰动的，耸人听闻的”；sensory“感知的，知觉的”；sensible“明智的，通情达理的”。句意：我们需要对青年学生的需求更加敏感。因此选项A符合题意。

13.单选题

Lazinessisasin,everyoneknowsthat.Wehaveprobablyallhadlecturespointingoutthatlazinessisimmoral,thatitiswasteful,andthatlazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlife.Butlazinesscanbemoreharmfulthanthat,anditisoftencausedbymorecomplexreasonsthansimplewishtoavoidwork.Somepeoplewhoappeartobelazyaresufferingfrommuchmoreseriousproblems.Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.Thesepeoplewhoseemlazymaybeparalyzedbyafearoffailurethatpreventsfruitfulwork.Orothersortsoffantasiesmaypreventwork;somepeoplearesobusyplanning,sometimesplanninggreatdealsorfantasticachievements,thattheyareunabletodealwithwhatever“lesser”workisonhand.Stillotherpeoplearenotavoidingwork;strictlyspeaking,theyaremerelyprocrastinating—reschedulingtheirday.

Lazinesscanactuallybehelpful.Likeprocrastinators(拖延者),somepeoplemaylooklazywhentheyarereallythinking,planning,contemplating,researching.Weshouldallrememberthatsomegreatscientificdiscoveriesoccurredbychanceorwhilesomeonewas“goofingoff(游手好闲)”,Newtonwasn’tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.Allofuswouldliketohavesomeone“lazy”buildthecarorstovewebuy,particularlyifthat“laziness”werecausedbytheworker’stakingtimetocheckeachstepofhisworkandtodohisjobright.Andsometimes,being“lady”—thatis,takingtimeoffforarest-isgoodforanoverworkedstudentor,executive.Takingarestcanbeparticularlyhelpfultotheathletewhoistryingtoohardorthedoctorwho’ssimplyworkinghimselfovertimetoomanyevenings,attheclinic.Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.

2.Thepassagestatesthat______.

3.Whichofthefollowingconclusiondoesthepassagesupport?

4.Thefinalparagraphis______.

5.Theword“devised”inPara.2means______.

问题1选项

A.lazinessisamoralsin

B.thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesinbeinglazy

C.lazinessindicatesdeep-seatedemotionalproblems

D.lazypeopledomorecarefulwork

问题2选项

A.lazinessisadisease

B.somelazypeopleareinsecure

C.lazinessismorebeneficialthanharmful

D.agooddefinitionoflazinessisemotionalillness

问题3选项

A.Thewordlazinessissometimesappliedincorrectly.

B.Mostofthetimelazinessisavirtue.

C.Mostassemblylineworkersarelazy.

D.Mostinsecurepeoplearelazy.

问题4选项

A.somber

B.humorous

C.serious

D.trite(陈腐的)

问题5选项

A.formulate

B.understood

C.wrote

D.proved

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲了懒惰是一种罪恶，第二段又指出懒惰也会起到很大的作用，说明本文主要讲的是懒惰的坏处和好处。因此B选项“懒惰有好处也有坏处”最能概括文章主旨。A选项“懒惰是一种道德上的罪恶”，C选项“懒惰表明了根深蒂固的情感问题”，D选项“懒惰的人做的工作更仔细”均不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A,C,D错误。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第五句Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.（他们可能非常不信任他们的同事，以至于无法参加任何小组任务，因为害怕被嘲笑或担心他们的想法被窃取。），说明懒惰表明了一种根深蒂固的情感问题。因此D选项“对于懒惰的一个很好的定义是情感疾病”正确。A选项“懒惰是一种疾病”，B选项“一些懒惰的人没有安全感”，C选项“懒惰的好处多于坏处”在文中均没有提及，所以A,B,C错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后两句Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.（所以当你想说别人懒的时候要小心。那个人可能正在思考、休息或计划他或她的下一本书。），说明有时形容别人懒惰并不准确。因此A选项“懒惰这个词有时被错误地应用”正确。B选项“大多数时候，懒惰是一种美德”，C选项“大多数装配线工人都是懒惰的”，D选项“大多数没有安全感的人都是懒惰的”在文中均没有提及，所以B,C,D错误。

4.观点态度题。由第二段可知，作者用一种轻松诙谐的笔调把懒惰和成功联系起来说明懒惰有哪些好处，观点十分新颖。因此B选项“幽默的”正确。A选项“阴沉的”，C选项“严肃的”，D选项“陈腐的”均不符合题意，所以A,C,D错误。

5.语义推测题。由题干关键词“devised”可以定位到文章第二段第三句Newtonwasn’tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.（当牛顿被苹果砸到，发明了引力理论时，他并不在果园里工作。），说明“devised”在文中是指“发明”的意思。因此A选项“发明”正确。B选项“理解”，C选项“写下”，D选项