考研考博-英语-哈尔滨应用职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨应用职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Manypeoplebelievethatthefamilyisthe（

）ofthecommunity.

问题1选项

A.nucleus

B.latitude

C.swamp

D.destiny

【答案】A

【解析】nucleus核心；latitude纬度,界限；swamp沼泽,湿地；destiny命运,定数。句意:许多人认为家庭是社区的核心。选项A符合句意。

2.单选题

Aroundtwominutesafterlaunch,theboostersoneithersideoftheshuttlewillfallaway,followedshortlyafterwardsbythegiantexternalfueltank______tothespaceship.

问题1选项

A.clasped

B.strapped

C.hindered

D.clustered

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.clasped握紧；扣紧B.strapped用带子系（或捆、扎、扣）好

C.hindered阻碍；妨碍D.clustered群聚；聚集

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词thegiantexternalfueltank（巨大外部燃料箱）和spaceship（飞船），结合常识可知，燃料箱是紧紧固定在飞船上的，故空格处表示“固定”符合句意，B项词义符合该意思，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】发射大约两分钟后，航天飞机两侧的助推器将脱落，紧随其后的是固定在飞船上的巨大外部燃料箱。

3.单选题

Hetoldastoryabouthissisterwhowasinasad（）whenshewasillandhadnomoney.

问题1选项

A.plight

B.polarization

C.plague

D.pigment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项plight“困境，境况”；B选项polarization“极化，偏振”；C选项plague“瘟疫，鼠疫”；D选项pigment“色素，颜料”。句意：他讲了一个关于他妹妹的故事，她生病了，没有钱，（）非常悲惨。本句意为“妹妹的处境非常悲惨”，因此A选项符合题意。

4.单选题

Yourlatestprojecthaslittle（

）ofsuccess.

问题1选项

A.prediction

B.prophecy

C.prospect

D.preview

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。prediction意为“预测，预报”；prophecy意为“语言”；prospect意为“可能性，希望，前景”；preview意为“试映，预演”。

句意：你最近的项目几乎没有成功的希望。

5.单选题

Bartendersarerarelyshyaboutofferinganopinion.ButonarecenteveningattheFinboroughWineCafe,inbetweenpoursofBeaujolais,thebartenderVanBadhamwasmemorablyonpointaboutthenewplay“MirrorTeeth”beingperformedinanupstairsroom:AChristopher-Durang-meets-Caryl-Churchillsatireaboutracism,sexandcontrolintheBritishfamily.

Ms.Badham,itwaslaterrevealed,doublesastheliterarymanagerfortheFinboroughTheater,whichhasbeenatenantatthepubsince1980.NeilMcPherson,thetheater’sartisticdirectoranditsonlysalariedemployee,saidseveralcompanymemberstendedbartomakeendsmeet,giventhattheyarepaidbythetheateronlyifaproductionturnsaprofit.Nosuccessistoosmall:Heoncedoledout£1.18toeachcrewmemberafteroneplayinthe50-seattheaterdidabitbetterthanbreakeven.

“Theactorsdon’tgetpaid,either,notusually，”Mr.McPhersonsaid,sittingonthesnugstageafter“MirrorTeeth”hadconcludedthatnight.“Butifyou’vebeenstuckinPhantom’for10yearsandyou’reaboutreadytoslityourwrists,andyoucravedoingsomeproperacting,youcandothathere.”

LikethestorefronttheatersceneinChicago,ortheoutdoorproductionsinparks,playgroundsandcarlotsacrossNewYorkinthesummer,pubtheatersareabelovedpartoftheplay-makingtraditioninEngland,especiallyLondon.TheirlineageextendstotheRestoration,whenactingtroupestookoveremptydiningroomsabovepubstoperformplaysofvulgarmaterialthatwentwellwithapint.LatertheVictorian-eramusichalls--awildlypopularamusementfortheworkingclasses—gottheirstartinsaloonbars.

Pubtheatersproliferatedinthe1970sand1980swiththeincreaseintheatercompaniesofyoungartistsandin-houseplaywrightswantingtodoseriousworkonshoestringbudgetsincloseproximitytoaudiences.

“Whatworksinourfavoristheintimacyoftheexperience，”saidTimRoseman，whosharesthejobofartisticdirectoratanotherpubspace,Theater503，withPaulRobinson.“Yougenuinelyfeelyouareinthesameroomastheactors,thatyoubreathethecharacters’air,andthismakesforanelectrifyingexperience.

Mr.Robinsonadded:“It’simpossibletocreatethatintensitywhenthereare1,000peoplewatching.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,VanBadhamwas（）.

2.ManypeoplejoinedtheFinboroughTheaterknowingthat（）.

3.ThelastpersononecanexpecttoseeperformingintheFinboroughTheaterwouldbesomeonewho（）.

4.LiketheoutdoortheatersceneplayedinsomecitiesintheU.S.,pubtheatersinLondon（）.

5.Sometheatercompaniespreferredpubtheatersbecauseoftheir（）.

6.AccordingtoMr.Robinson,peoplelikehim,whileworkingwithapubtheater,oftenhaveafeelingof（）.

问题1选项

A.unusualaboutremarkingon“MirrorTeeth”

B.lenientwiththeplaysperformedinherbar

C.fondofofferingopinionslikeherworkmates

D.infavourofthethemeofthenewplay

问题2选项

A.theyshouldservedrinksaswellasact

B.theywouldgetaverylimitedsalary

C.theymightworkwithoutbeingpaid

D.theymustmakethebusinessprofitable

问题3选项

A.hasvastnumbersoffans

B.wishestomakealiving

C.desirestobeagreatactor

D.fearsalargeaudience

问题4选项

A.canbeenjoyedwithadrinkofwine

B.canbetracedbacktothe17thcentury

C.tendtoperformplayswithrealisticthemes

D.appealespeciallytothelowerclasses

问题5选项

A.unfussyviewers

B.moderatecosts

C.greatpopularity

D.casualperformance

问题6选项

A.challenge

B.tension

C.excitement

D.desperation

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

第6题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段第二句提到调酒师VanBadham关于新剧”MirrorTeeth”提出了自己的看法，这个看法让人难忘（thebartenderVanBadhamwasmemorablyonpointaboutthenewplay“MirrorTeeth”beingperformedinanupstairsroom），由此可知她的观点是与众不同的，因此选项A符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第二段提到剧院只有艺术总监一个人是带薪员工，其他成员只有演出盈利时才会给他们报酬（NeilMcPherson,thetheater’sartisticdirectoranditsonlysalariedemployee,saidseveralcompanymemberstendedbartomakeendsmeet,giventhattheyarepaidbythetheateronlyifaproductionturnsaprofit），因此可知人们加入剧团的时候知道可能没有薪酬，选项C符合题意。

3.判断推理题。题目问的是”人们可以期待最后一个在Finborough剧场表演的人会是什么样的人”。可以用排除法解决此题，选项B”希望能够养家糊口”，根据文章可知在剧场工作是没有固定薪资的，所以可以排除；选项C“期望成为一位伟大的演员”在文章中并没有提及到相关内容，排除；选项D”害怕观众很多”，文章倒数第二段提到与观众密切接触对我们我好处（Whatworksinourfavoristheintimacyoftheexperience），由此可知并不会害怕观众，因此该项也可以排除。综上，选项A符合题意。

4.判断推理题。本题是拿美国大城市的户外剧场与伦敦酒吧剧场作对比。文章第四段讲述了酒吧剧场的历史：酒吧剧场作为一种传统创作在伦敦特别流行，剧团成员在酒吧空荡荡的餐厅进行表演，表演一些庸俗的戏剧，与一品脱酒相得益彰，是工人阶级的娱乐方式（awildlypopularamusementfortheworkingclasses），由此可知去pubTheatre的人主要是一些下等人，因此选项D符合题意。

5.细节事实题。酒吧剧场在七十年代和八十年代数量增加，原因是青年演员和剧作家预算少，但是又想离观众近（youngartistsandin-houseplaywrightswantingtodoseriousworkonshoestringbudgetsincloseproximitytoaudiences.）

6.判断推理题。文章第六段提到Mr.Robinson的观点：你会真正感觉你和演员在同一房间里，呼吸着角色的空气，这是一种振奋的体验（Yougenuinelyfeelyouareinthesameroomastheactors,thatyoubreathethecharacters’air,andthismakesforanelectrifyingexperience），由此可知选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

Hardly（

）whenaloudexplosionwasheard.

问题1选项

A.thetrainhadstarted

B.thetrainhadbeenstarted

C.hadthetrainstarted

D.didthetrainstart

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒装句。句意:在没有发出巨响的爆炸声前，火车很难启动。

Hardly是一个否定词位于句首,故用倒装。这里是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。

7.单选题

Themostsuccessfulpost-careerathletesarethosewhocantaketheidentityandlifeskillstheylearnedinsportsand（）themtoanotherareaoflife.

问题1选项

A.utilize

B.employ

C.apply

D.exert

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。utilize“利用”；employ“使用，采用”；apply“申请，应用”；exert“运用，发挥”。句意：最成功的退役后的运动员是那些将他们从运动中学到的技巧和同一性运用到生活的其他领域的人。C项符合题意。

8.单选题

Inthisnewera,thesinglemostimmediateandmostseriouschallengetoAmerica’straditionalidentitycomesfromtheimmenseandcontinuingimmigrationfromLatinAmerica,especiallyfromMexico,andthefertilityratesoftheseimmigrantscomparetoblackandwhiteAmericannatives.Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences.Asaresult,theyhaveoverlookedtheuniquecharacteristicsandproblemsposedbycontemporaryHispanicimmigration.Theextentandnatureofthisimmigrationdifferfundamentallyfromthoseofpreviousimmigration,andtheassimilationsuccessesofthepastareunlikelytobeduplicatedwiththecontemporaryfloodofimmigrantsfromLatinAmerica.Thisrealityposesafundamentallyquestions:WilltheUnitedStatesremainacountrywithasinglenationallanguageandacore-Anglo-Protestantculture?Byignoringthisquestion,Americansacquiescetotheireventualtransformationintotwopeoplewithtwocultures.

TheimpactofMexicanimmigrationontheUnitedStatesbecomesevidentwhenoneimagineswhatwouldhappenifMexicanimmigrationabruptlystopped.Theannualflowoflegalimmigrantswoulddropbyabout175,000closertothelevelrecommendedbythe1990sCommissiononImmigrantsReformchairedbyformerU.S.CongresswomanBarbaraJordan.Illegalentrieswoulddiminishdramatically.Thewagesoflow-incomeU.S.citizenswouldimprove.DebatesovertheuseofSpanishandwhetherEnglishshouldbemadetheofficiallanguageofstateandnationalgovernmentswouldsubside.Bilingualeducationandthecontroversiesitspawnswouldvirtuallydisappear,aswouldcontroversiesoverwelfareandotherbenefitsforimmigrants.ThedebateoverwhetherimmigrantsposeaneconomicburdenonstateandskillsoftheimmigrantscontinuingtoarrivewouldreachtheirhighestlevelsinU.Shistory.Theinflowofimmigrantswouldagainbecomehighlydiverse,creatingincreasedincentivesforallimmigrantstolearnEnglishandabsorbU.Sculture.Andmostimportantofall,thepossibilityofadefactosplitbetweenapredominantlySpanish-speakingUnitedStatesandanEnglish-speakingUnitedStateswoulddisappear,andwithit,amajorpotentialthreattothecountry’scultureandpoliticalintegrity.

1.WhatmakesAmericansveryproudinthepastis（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingdidnotmaketheAmericansneglectthecurrentimmigrationflood?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（

）.

问题1选项

A.theirstrongeconomicandpoliticalpoweronworldstage

B.theircapabilityofintegratingotherpeopleintotheirculture

C.theirgreattoleranceoftheculturalfeaturesofimmigrants

D.theirhighfertilityrateofnativeblacksandwhite

问题2选项

A.Thefocusontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration.

B.Thefailureinmakingadistinctionbetweenimmigrants.

C.Thelackofrecognitionoftheimmigrants’culturalinfluence.

D.Theindulgenceincelebratingtheirsuccessinthepast.

问题3选项

A.amorediversifiedimmigrantflowwillhelpthepromotionofEnglishlanguage

B.anabruptstopinMexicanimmigrationisaroundthecomer

C.thesuddenstopinlegalimmigrationwilloftenresultinasuddenincreaseinillegalentries

D.formerCongresswomanBarbaraJordanisstronglyagainstMexicanimmigrationtotheUS

问题4选项

A.TheincreasingnumberofMexicanimmigrantsisgoingtostopexpandinginthecomingyears.

B.TheMexicanimmigrationhasalreadyresultedinthenumberofSpanishspeakingpeople.

C.TheMexicanmovetotheUSwiththedeliberateintentionofdestroyingherculturalandpoliticalintegrity.

D.TheAmericansdonothavetoworryabouttheimpactofMexicanimmigrationatall.

问题5选项

A.ThechallengetotheUSfromHispanicimmigrants

B.ThedecreasingdiversityofimmigrantstotheUS

C.ImmigrantsandtheirinfluenceontheUSculture

D.AdisappearingUnitedStatesandapossiblesolution

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段中的Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences(过去美国成功同化了成千上万移民，没有在移民中造成任何区别对待的问题，并且把关注的焦点放在了移民的经济成本和收益方面，没有去考虑移民带来的社会和文化影响，为此美国几乎可以进行自夸),可知过去让美国感到自豪的是“将其他国家的人融入自己文化的能力”，即选项B。

2.细节事实题。第一段指出:Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences.Asaresult,theyhaveoverlookedtheuniquecharacteristicsandproblemsposedbycontemporaryHispanicimmigration(过去美国成功同化了成千上万移民，没有在移民中造成任何区别对待的问题，并且把关注的焦点放在了移民的经济成本和收益方面，没有去考虑移民带来的社会和文化影响，为此美国几乎可以进行自夸。因此，美国忽视了当前拉美裔移民的独特性和可能带来的影响)，选项B“没有对不同的移民特点进行区分”与句子中的overlookedtheuniquecharacteristics意思相同，故B项是原因所在。

3.判断推理题。根据文章第二段中的Theannualflowoflegalimmigrantswoulddropbyabout175,000closertothelevelrecommendedbythe1990sCommissiononImmigrantsReformchairedbyformerU.S.CongresswomanBarbaraJordan.Illegalentrieswoulddiminishdramatically(年度合法移民的流入可能会下降175,000,接近20世纪90年代由美国国会议员BarbaraJordan管理的移民改革委员会所期望达到的水平。非法入境人数也会极大地减少),可知选项C“合法移民的突然禁止通常会导致非法入境人数的突然增加”与文章意思不符；虽然20世纪90年代由美国国会议员BarbaraJordan管理的移民改革委员会期望达到的移民数量水平比实际低，但这不代表BarbaraJordan强烈反对墨西哥人移民美国，故选项D”前国会议员BarbaraJordan强烈反对墨西哥移民到美国”表述错误；根据文章第二段的Theinflowofimmigrantswouldagainbecomehighlydiverse,creatingincreasedincentivesforallimmigrantstolearnEnglishandabsorbU.Sculture(移民的多样性会极大增加，这会刺激所有移民学习英语，融入美国文化的积极性)可知选项A“更加多样性的移民会有助于发扬英语”正确；选项B“墨西哥移民的突然制止很快就会执行”在文章中没有体现，故答案选项为A。

4.判断推理题。第二段指出:TheimpactofMexicanimmigrationontheUnitedStatesbecomesevidentwhenoneimagineswhatwouldhappenifMexicanimmigrationabruptlystopped,这只是通过假设墨西哥移民的突然中止来分析墨西哥移民对美国的影响，故选项A”墨西哥移民不断增加的势头将会在接下来的几年中止”错误；根据Andmostimportantofall,thepossibilityofadefactosplitbetweenapredominantlySpanish-speakingUnitedStatesandanEnglish-speakingUnitedStateswoulddisappear...(最重要的是，以西班牙语为主要语言的美国和以英语为主要语言的美国的分离的可能性将会消失)可以推断出墨西哥移民已经使得部分人开始说西班牙语，故选项B”墨西哥移民已经导致说西班牙语的人数增加”正确；选项C“墨西哥移民进入美国是为了破坏美国文化和政治的统一性”在文章中没有体现；选项D“美国人完全不需要担心墨西哥移民带来的影响”与文章主旨意思相反，故答案选项为B。

5.主旨大意题。本文中一直在陈述移民以及移民文化，移民文化给美国带来的变化。所以C选项“移民及其对美国文化的影响”适合作文章标题。

9.单选题

I___tocallonyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.

问题1选项

A.meant

B.hasmeant

C.wasmeaning

D.hadmeant

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态。根据but之后的动词waspreventedfrom为过去时态，而meantocallonyou发生waspreventedfrom之前，过去的过去，则时态为过去完成时。在句意：我本想拜访你，但被阻止了。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Theuseofseatbeltsis（

）inmanycountriesintheworld;failuretowearthemmayresultinfines.

问题1选项

A.covert

B.cruel

C.compulsory

D.constrained

【答案】C

【解析】covert隐藏的，隐秘的；cruel残忍的，残酷的；compulsory强制的，义务的；constrained不自然的，过于受约束的。句意：世界上许多国家对安全带的使用是强制性的，不戴可能会被罚款。选项C符合句意。

11.单选题

TheuniquenessoftheJapanesecharacteristheresultoftwoseeminglycontradictoryforces:thestrengthoftraditionsandtheselectivereceptivitytoforeignachievementsandinventions.Asearlyas1860stherewerecountermovementtothetraditionalorientation.OneofthefamousspokesmenofJapan’s“Enlightenment”claimed“theConfuciancivilizationoftheEastseemstometolacktwothingspossessedbyWesterncivilization:scienceinthematerialsphereandasenseofindependenceinthespiritualsphere.”AnotherbreakofrelativeliberalismfollowedWorldWarI,whenthedemocraticidealismofPresidentWoodrowWilsonhadanimportantimpactonJapaneseintellectualsandespeciallystudents;butmoreimportantwastheLeninistideologyofthe1917BolshevikRevolution.Again,intheearly1930s,nationalismandmilitarismbecamedominant.

FollowingtheendofWorldWarII,substantialchangeswereundertakeninJapantoliberatetheindividualfromauthoritarianrestrains.Thenewdemocraticvaluesystemwasacceptedbymanyteachers,students,intellectuals,andoldliberals,butitwasnotimmediatelyembracedbythesocietyasawhole.Japanesetraditionsweredominatedbygroupvalues,andnotionsofpersonalfreedomandindividualrightswereunfamiliar.

Today,democraticprocessesareclearlyevidentinthewidespreadparticipationoftheJapanesepeopleinsocialandpoliticallife.Schooltextbooksemphasizeequalityoverhierarchyandrationalismovertradition;butinpracticethesevaluesareoftenmisinterpretedanddistorted,particularlybytheyouthwhotranslatetheindividualisticandhumanisticgoalsofdemocracyintoegoisticandmaterialisticones.

MostJapanesepeoplehaveconsciouslyrejectedConfucianism,butleftoversoftheoldorderremain.Animportantfeatureofrelationshipsinmanyinstitutions,includingpoliticalpartiesanduniversitiesis,theoyabun-kobunorparent-childrelation.Thecorrespondingloyaltyoftheindividualtohispatronreinforceshisallegiancetothegrouptowhichtheybothbelong.Awillingnesstocooperatewithothermembersofthegroupandtosupportwithoutqualificationtheinterestsofthegroupinallitsexternalrelationsisstillawidelyrespectedvirtue.Theoyabun-kobuncreatesladdersofmobilitywhichanindividualcanascend,risingasfarasabilitiespermit,solongashemaintainssuccessfulpersonaltieswithasuperiorintheverticalchannel,thelatterrequirementusuallytakingprecedenceoveraneedforexceptionalcompetence.Asaconsequence,thereislittlehorizontalrelationshipbetweenpeoplewiththesameprofession.

1.ThespokesmanofJapan’s“Enlightenment”thoughtthat（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutJapan’scultureistrue?

3.Therelationshipofoyabun-kobuncanbeonebetween（

）.

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.thetraditionalcultureshouldbereplacedbywesternmodernization

B.JapaneseoughttoforsaketheConfuciancivilizationoftheEast

C.theConfuciancivilizationinJapanshouldbedominant

D.Japanshouldintroducewesterncivilization

问题2选项

A.SubstantialchangesindemocraticprocesshavetakenplaceduringWorldWarH

B.NowadaysthetraditionalConfucianismisanecessarypartofthesocietyinJapan.

C.TodaytheConfucianismoutweighsthedemocraticvaluesysteminuniversitiesofJapan.

D.ThedemocraticideawasnotacceptedbythesocietyafterWorldWarII.

问题3选项

A.ashopownerandacustomer

B.aCEOandanemployee

C.apoliticianandanopponent

D.ajudgeandalawyer

问题4选项

A.respectforauthorityplaysamoreimportantroleinpromotion

B.westernvalueshaveoverwhelmedtraditionalJapaneseattitudes

C.colleaguesaremorecloselyrelatedtoeachotherthanbefore

D.mostJapaneseworkersaremembersofasingleparty

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段第三句“Ohespiritualsphere.’”日本“启蒙运动”的一位著名发言人宣称：“在我看来，东方的儒家文明缺少西方文明所拥有的两样东西：物质领域的科学和精神领域的独立意识。”也就是说，他认为日本应该引进西方文明，选项D符合原文。

2.选项A应该是一战后，所以不正确；选项C明显错误;根据第二段第二句“Thenewdemocratic...thesocietyasawhole.”可知选项D属于完全否定，与原文表述不符;根据第四段第一句“MostJapanesepeoplehaveconsciouslyrejectedConfucianism,butleftoversoftheoldorderremain.”大多数日本人都有意识地拒绝儒家思想,但旧秩序的残余依然存在。也就是说，传统儒学根深蒂固，是日本社会不可或缺的一部分。选项B正确。

3.根据第四段最后两句，oyabun-kobun创造了移动的梯子，一个人可以在能力允许的范围内向上攀登，只要他与垂直通道上的上级保持良好的个人关系，后者的要求通常优先于对非凡能力的需要。由此可以推断，oyabun-kobun指的是“上下级之间的关系”，选项中只有B项符合要求。

4.根据第四段最后两句，oyabun-kobun创造了移动的梯子，一个人可以在能力允许的范围内向上攀登，只要他与垂直通道上的上级保持良好的个人关系，后者的要求通常优先于对非凡能力的需要。作者其实是在暗示，尊重权威在晋升中扮演着更重要的角色。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

12.单选题

Likeanoldladyplayingthe______maiden,theseniorpoliticiankeptthemediaandthepublicguessingaboutherpolicyintentionsatthepressconference.

问题1选项

A.domestic

B.tough

C.modest

D.coy

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.domestic家庭的；国内的B.tough艰苦的；严厉的

C.modest谦虚的；不太大（或太贵、太重要等）的D.coy羞羞答答的，忸怩作态的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据所修饰的词语maiden（少女）和keptthemediaandthepublicguessingaboutherpolicyintentions（让媒体和公众猜测她的政策意图）可知，空格处表示“忸怩作态的，腼腆的”符合句意，故该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】在记者招待会上，这位资深政治家就像一个故作腼腆的少女，让媒体和公众猜测她的政策意图。

13.单选题

Thegovernmentmadeno（

）inthefightagainstinflation;indeedthesituationhasworsenedrecently.

问题1选项

A.effect

B.headway

C.accomplishment

D.achievement

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配题。makenoheadway为固定搭配，表示“毫无进展，止步不前”，根据空格后下一句句意‘事实上，最近的情况变得更糟了’确定逻辑和句意正确，所以B选项正确。

14.单选题

Manyprivateinstitutionsofhighereducationaroundthecountryareindanger.Notallwillbesaved,andperhapsnotalldeservetobesaved.Therearelow-qualityschoolsjustastherearelow-qualitybusinesses.Wehavenoobligationtosamethemsimplybecausetheyexist.

Butmanythrivinginstitutionsthatdeservetocontinuearethreatened.Theyaredoingafinejobeducationally,buttheyarecaughtinafinancialsqueeze,withnowwaytoreducerisingcostorincreaserevenuessignificantly.Raisingtuitiondoesn’tbringinmorerevenue,foreachtimetuitiongoesup,theenrollmentgoesdown,ortheamountthatmustbegivenawayinstudentaidgoesup.Schoolsarebadbusinesses,whetherpublicorprivate,notusuallybecauseofmismanagementbutbecauseofthenatureoftheenterprise.Theylosemoneyoneverycustomer,andtheycangobankrupteitherfromtoofewstudentsortoomanystudents.Evenaverygoodcollegeisaverybadbusiness.

Itissuchcolleges,thrivingbutthreatened,Iworryaboutlowenrollmentisnottheirchiefproblem.Evenwithfullenrollments,theymaygounder.Effectstosavethemandpreferablytokeepthemprivate,arenationalnecessities.Thereisnobasisforarguingthatprivateschoolsareinherentlybetterthanpublicschools.Examplestothecontraryabound.Anyonecannamestateuniversitiesandcollegesthatrankasthefinestinthenationandtheworld.Itisnowinevitablethatpublicinstitutionswillbedominant,andthereforediversityisanationalnecessity.Diversityinthewaywesupportschoolstendstogiveusahealthydiversityintheformsofeducation.Inanimperfectsocietysuchasours,uniformityofeducationthroughoutthenationcouldbedangerous.Inanimperfectsociety,diversityisapositivegood.Ardentsupportersofpublichighereducationknowtheimportanceofsustainingprivatehighereducation.

1.Intheauthor’sopinion,schoolsarebadbusinessbecauseof（

）.

2.Theauthorusedthephrase“gounder”inthethirdparagraphtomean（

）.

3.Wehavereasonablyconcludefromthepassagethattheauthormadeanappealtothepublicinordertosupport

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?

问题1选项

A.mismanagement

B.toofewstudents

C.toomanystudents

D.thenatureofschools

问题2选项

A.getintodifficulties

B.havelowenrollment

C.havelowtuition

D.bringinmoremoney

问题3选项

A.publicinstitutions

B.privateschools

C.uniformityofeducation

D.equalityofeducation

问题4选项

A.High-qualityprivateschoolsdeservetobesaved.

B.Ifthetuitionisraised,theenrollmentgoesdown.

C.Therearemanycasesthatpublicschoolsarebetterthanprivateschools.

D.Privateschoolshavemoremoneythanpublicschools.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。从文章第二段倒数第三句‘Schoolsarebadbusinesses,whetherpublicorprivate,notusuallybecauseofmismanagementbutbecauseofthenatureoftheenterprise.’可知，不论是公立还是私立，经营学校都是一件失败的生意，这不总是因为管理不善，而是因为办企业的本质。再根据文章下一句“Theylosemoneyoneverycustomer,andtheycangobankrupteitherfromtoofewstudentsortoomanystudents.学校在每一位消费者身上都会赔钱，太少或者太多的生源都会迫使学校走向破产。"所以说学校是一桩赔本的买卖是由学校的本质所决定的。D选项正确。

2.判断推理题。根据文章第三段前两句“Itissuchcolleges,thrivingbutthreatened,Iworryaboutlowenrollmentisnottheirchiefproblem.Evenwithfullenrollments,theymaygounder.正是这样的大学，欣欣向荣却岌岌可危，我担心入学率低并不是他们的首要问题。即使是全额注册，他们也可能会倒闭。”确定第三段讲述的是学校是如何入不敷出、经营不善的。A选项符合题意。

3.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段倒数第五句和倒数第二句“Inanimperfectsociety,diversityisapositivegood.Itisnowinevitablethatpublicinstitutionswillbedominant,andthereforediversityisanationalnecessity.在一个不完美的社会里，多样化是一件积极的好事。公共机构将占主导地位，这是不可避免的，因此多样化是国家的需要。”确定作者并不倾向于哪一种性质的学校，他提倡的是教育的多样性，即教育的平等性。D选项符合题意。

4.判断推理题。从第一段第二、三句“Notallwillbesaved,andperhapsnotalldeservetobesaved.Therearelow-qualityschoolsjustastherearelow-qualitybusinesses.不是每一所学校都能被拯救，也不是每一所学校都值得呗拯救。质量低劣的学校就像经营不善的生意一样存在着。”推断A选项‘只有那些办学质量高的学校才值得被拯救’正确；根据文章第二段第三句“foreachtimetuitiongoesup,theenrollmentgoesdown因为每一次伴随着学费的升高，入学率就会下降”推断B选项‘如果学费上涨，入学率就会下降。’正确。再根据文章第三段第四、五、六句“Thereisnobasisforarguingthatprivateschoolsareinherentlybetterthanpublicschools.Examplestothecontraryabound.Anyonecannamestateuniversitiesandcollegesthatrankasthefinestinthenationandtheworld.没有理由说私立学校天生就比公立学校好，相反的例子比比皆是。任何人都能说出美国和世界上最好的州立大学和学院的名字。”推断C选项‘有的公立学校的办学质量好于私立学校‘正确；D选项说私立学校比公立学校更有钱的说法文章中没有提到。所以本题选D。

15.翻译题

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoEnglish.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.

叫我最难忘的是燕园的小路。

无论从哪个校门走进来，大大小小笔直或者蜿蜒的路，都会把你引到湛蓝清澈的未名湖畔。碧绿的垂柳和橙黄的小路镶嵌的一池湖水，就像一只盛满了佳酿的酒杯，送到你面前，尽你领略它的慷慨与盛情。只要你在湖边小路上眺望—会儿，一种宁静的美就会流进心中。

常常是黄昏或者夜晚。丢了一天的疲倦和纷扰，我漫步在未名湖边的小路上。明灭闪烁的路灯撒下朦朦胧胧的光晕，如雾似雨。摇曳的树影和轻轻的晚风，送来花的清香。间或有数点草虫的鸣叫，一缕缕年轻人的笑语和歌声，飘到小路上来，与湖面上倒映的灯火，暗蓝的树影，天上的星光，一抹晚霞或一钩淡淡的新月，辉映成有声有色的图景。真像是一首诗，一首写不尽读不完的诗。

【答案】【参考译文】

Oftenatduskornight,IrambledalongthepathsofWeiMingLake,forgettingthewholeday’stroubleandweariness.Theflickeringlampscastahazyshadow,likethemistortherain.Theswayingshadowsoftreesandthesoftnightwindaccompaniedthefloweraroma.Occasionally,thetweetingofinsects,thelaughterandsingingofteenagerswaftedtothepaths.Thentheyformedanimpressivepicturewiththelamplightreflectedinthelake,darkbluetreeshadows,starsinthesky,andtheaftergloworthecrescentmoon.Itisreallylikeapoem,anendlesspoem.

16.单选题

Thepresident'sspeechwasso

thatmanypeoplewerepersuadedtoaccepttheneedforchange.

问题1选项

A.expressive

B.inherent

C.eloquent

D.frequent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。expressive“表现的”；inherent“固有的，内在的”；eloquent“雄辩的，有口才的”；frequent“频繁的”。句意：总统的演讲非常有说服力，以至于许多人都被说服接受了变革的必要性。选项C符合题意。

17.单选题

George（

）anagonizing48-hourwaitfortheresultsofthetests.

问题1选项

A.underwent

B.withstood

C.baked

D.grilled

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。underwent经验，遭遇；withstood抵挡，经得起；baked烘烤；grilled炙烤。

句意：George遭受了48小时的煎熬只为等待测试结果。选项A符合语境。

18.单选题

Asarule,（

）hightemperatures.

问题1选项

A.thatamphibiansareunabletotolerate

B.nottobetoleratedbyamphibians

C.amphibianscannottolerate 

D.amphibianslackoftolerancefor

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知句子缺主语和谓语，amphibians作主语，cannottolerate作谓语，才能使句子结构完整，语义完整。A项中that缺先行词，可排除。B项中主语缺失，句子结构不完整，可排除。D项中lack为及物动词，接宾语不用接介词，可排除。根据排除法，选项C符合题意。句意：两栖动物通常无法忍受高温。

19.单选题

Asmodernsciencemovesfaster,twoforcesare______onprofessor:oneisthetimeneededtokeeponwiththeprofession;theotheristhetimeneededtoteach.

问题1选项

A.exerted

B.expired

C.exiled

D.exempted

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项exerted“外露的”；B选项expired“过期的；失效的”；C选项exiled“被流放的；流亡的”；D选项exempted“被免除的”。句意：随着现代科学的快速发展，有两种力量______教授身上：一是继续从事这一职业所需的时间；另一个是教学所需的时间。根据语境，这里指教授受两个方面的因素的影响，这两个方面同时显现出来，A选项exerted“外露的”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

20.单选题

Thispaperwillexaminerelevanttheoriesandresearchfindingsconcerninglisteningandsecondlanguageacquisitionandidentifyconditionsthatmay（）listening.

问题1选项

A.elevate

B.facilitate

C.stimulate

D.provoke

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。elevate"提升,举起";facilitate"促进,帮助";stimulate"刺激,鼓舞,激励";provoke"驱使,激怒,煽动"。句意：这篇论文将检验有关听力和第二语言习得的相关理论和研究成果,并找出有助于听力的条件。选项B正确。

21.单选题

Thereareseveralmeans（）latitudeandlongitude.

问题1选项

A.candetermine

B.todetermine

C.bythemcanbedetermi