考研考博-英语-合肥共达职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-合肥共达职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Theseactorsfailedtocarryoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,andnowtheyhaveto（）theconsequences.

问题1选项

A.answerfor

B.runinto

C.abideby

D.stepinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项answerfor“因……受罚，对……负责”；B选项runinto“遭遇，撞上”；C选项abideby“遵守，承担……的后果”；D选项stepinto“进入”。句意：这些演员没有履行合同中的某些条款，现在他们必须对此结果负责。选项A符合语境。

2.单选题

Shewantedtojointhegroupofmen______wastoexplorethemysteriesofthemountains.

问题1选项

A.theirwork

B.whowork

C.who

D.whosework

【答案】D

【解析】考查后置定语从句。句意：她想加入从事探索山脉奥秘工作的那群人。句子主干是Shewantedtojointhegroupofmen，后面的从句修饰横线前面的men，并且横线部分作从句主语，工作和人是从属关系，所以D选项whosework符合题意。其余选项语法错误。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

Bothchildrenseemedtobedoingeverythingtheycouldto____me,whenIwasalreadyinabadmoodbeforegettinghome.

问题1选项

A.agitate

B.aggregate

C.aggravate

D.alleviate

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.agitate鼓动；使焦虑不安B.aggregate总计

C.aggravate（故意）激怒；惹恼D.alleviate减轻

【答案】C

【考查点】语义衔接与形近词辨析

【解题思路】空格所在部分语义为“两个孩子似乎都在尽他们所能地____我”，根据后文“回家之前我就已经心情不好了”推测，两个孩子的行为让我心情更加不好了，C选项“（故意）激怒；惹恼”与原句语义衔接最紧密。

【干扰项排除】

A选项agitate“鼓动；使焦虑不安”，“使焦虑”没有“使恼火”符合原句语义；

B选项aggregate“总计”，为aggravate的形近词，但不符合原句语义衔接；

D选项alleviate“减轻”，为aggravate的形近词，但不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】两个孩子似乎都在千方百计地使我恼火，而我在回家之前就已经心情不好了。

4.单选题

Wedidn’texpectthatthelocalgovernmentwassoefficient;allthethingswentwithaminimum（）andmaximumspeed.

问题1选项

A.autonomy

B.automation

C.frequency

D.bureaucracy

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词解析。A选项autonomy“自治”；B选项automation“自动化”；C选项frequency“频率；频繁”；D选项bureaucracy“官僚主义”。句意：我们真没料想当地政府竟是如此讲效率，所有事情以最低的……和最快的速度进行。governmentwassoefficient“政府的办事效率高”，可以说明现在政府中一些官僚主义减少了。因此D选项符合题意。

5.写作题

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonWillaThriftyLifestyleDoHarmtoNationalEconomy?.Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.Somepeopleholdtheviewthatdiligenceandfrugalityaretwovirtueslongcherishedbyournation;

2.Otherpeoplebelievethatmoresavingandlessspendingwilldoharmtooureconomy;

3.Youropinions.

【答案】WillaThriftyLifestyleDoHarmtoNationalEconomy?

Recently,therehasbeenaheateddiscussioninamainstreammagazineastowhetherathriftylifestylewilldoharmtonationaleconomy.Asthisisathought-provokingaswellasadebatableissue,itisveryhardforpeopletoreachaconsensusonit.

AccordingtoarecentquestionnaireconductedbyaneconomicorganizationinChina,48percentofrespondentsareoftheopinionthatathriftylifestyledoesharmtonationaleconomy.Intheireyes,athriftylifestylecannotstimulatethedevelopmentofnationaleconomy.Forexample,duringthelongvacationsinMayandinOctober,ifallofusstayedathomewatchingTV,playingcardsorsurfingtheInternetinsteadoftravelingalloverthecountry,ourcountry’saimofexpandingdomesticdemandwouldbeunabletobeattained.Ifso,ourspirituallifewouldbeboring.Ifso,ournationaleconomycouldnotdevelopatafastpace.

Onthecontrary,52percentofrespondentsarguethatathriftylifestylewillnotdoharmtonationaleconomy.Forexample,ifwerecyclewastethingssuchaswastepaper,wasterubber,wasteplastic,wastewateretc.,wecannotonlysavealotofenergybutalsoprotectourmilieu,whichisundoubtedlyconducivetothesustainabledevelopmentofournationaleconomy.

Inmyopinion,thriftshouldalwaysberegardedasatraditionalvirtueofournation.Intheshortrun,athriftylifestyleseemstobeabarriertothedevelopmentofournationaleconomy.Inthelongrun,beingthriftyistotheadvantageofnationaleconomy.

6.单选题

Practicingmindfulnessandmeditationisbecomingincreasinglypopularamonglawyersinorderto（）somuchofthestressthatgoesalongwithacareerasanattorney.

问题1选项

A.aggravate

B.alleviate

C.deteriorate

D.diminish

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项aggravate“加重，激怒”；B选项alleviate“减轻，缓和”；C选项deteriorate“恶化，变坏”；D选项diminish“减少，缩小”。句意：练习专注和冥想受到了越来越多的律师欢迎，他们以此来减轻伴随律师这个职业的诸多压力。选项B符合句意。

7.问答题

Themanagerhasaskedmetoconsiderthisproposalcarefully,(consideration)

【答案】Themanagerhasaskedmetotakethisproposalintoconsiderationcarefully.

8.单选题

LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.Theitalicizedphrasemeans（）.

问题1选项

A.unexpectedly

B.unhappily

C.untidily

D.unofficially

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项unexpectedly“出乎意料地；意外地”；B选项unhappily“不幸地；遗憾地”；C选项untidily“不整洁地；凌乱地”；D选项unofficially“非正式地；非公认地”。句意：上星期天她突然来看我们。这个斜体短语的意思是……。outoftheblue“突然地，意外地”，与A选项词义相符。

9.单选题

People___thatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.

问题1选项

A.convinced

B.anticipated

C.resolved

D.assured

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项convinced“说服；使确信，使信服”；B选项anticipated“预料，预期；预见，预计（并做准备）”；C选项resolved“决定；溶解；使……分解；决心要做……”；D选项assured“保证；担保；使确信；弄清楚”。句意：人们___，垂直飞行运输将像今天的飞机一样运载数百万乘客。本句表达“人们曾经预计”，因此B选项正确。

10.单选题

Communicationistheprocessofamessage（

）fromasourcetoanaudienceviaachannel.

问题1选项

A.shifting

B.transmitting

C.submitting

D.transforming

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。shift“转移；改变；替换”；transmit“传输；传播”；submit“使服从；呈递”；transform“改变，使变形；转换”。句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Shewasthevictimofherneighbor’smaliciousgossiping.

问题1选项

A.malevolent

B.violent

C.lenient

D.benevolent

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.malevolent恶毒的，有恶意的；坏心肠的B.violent暴力的，猛烈的

C.lenient宽大的，仁慈的D.benevolent慈善的，乐善好施的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】从gossiping（流言蜚语）可知，划线单词malicious是一个贬义词，表示“恶意的”，只有A选项含义最为接近。故本题正确答案为A选项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项与划线单词意思不符合。

【句意】她是邻居恶意诽谤的受害者。

12.问答题

Ifambition(A)istobewellregarded,therewardsofambition—wealth,distinction,(B)controloverone’sdestiny—(C)mustbedeemedworthofthesacrifices(D)madeonambition’sbehalf.

【答案】C；改成mustbedeemedworthyof。worthyof…值得…的

13.单选题

The（

）of“snake”issimplythis:aleglessreptilewithalong,thinbody.

问题1选项

A.connotation

B.denomination

C.donation

D.denotation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。connotation“内涵；含蓄”；denomination“面额；名称；教派”；donation“捐款；捐赠物；捐赠”；denotation“符号；表示；意义”。句意：“蛇”的字面意思是：一种有着长而细的身体的无腿爬行动物。选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Much（

）IlikedJane,Ihatedthesuperiortonethatshesometimestookwithme.

问题1选项

A.while

B.as

C.since

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】

考查连词辨析。while虽然；as同样；muchas表示虽然，即使；since既然；for为了。句意：尽管我喜欢Jane,但我讨厌她有时跟我说话高傲的语气。由like和hated可知，这是一种转折关系，故答案B

15.单选题

Topartiallyovercometheproblemoffundsandtospeedthe（）ofWesterntechnology,Hungarysolda30%stakeinitsnationalphonecompanytotwoWesterncompanies.

问题1选项

A.auction

B.harmony

C.sacrifice

D.import

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。auction“拍卖，竞卖”；harmony“和睦”；sacrifice“牺牲，献祭”；import“进口”；句意：为了部分解决资金问题和加速西方技术的引进，匈牙利将其国家电话公司30%的股份出售给了两家西方公司。匈牙利通过售卖国家电话公司的股份来获得资金以此来引进西方技术。故D项正确。

16.单选题

Topreserveone’sdignity,theequilibriumbetweenwidelydivergentimpulseshastobemaintained.

问题1选项

A.equality

B.confusion

C.distinction

D.poise

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。equilibrium表示“平衡，均衡”。A项equality“平等，相等”，B项confusion“混淆，混乱”，C项distinction“区别，差别”，D项poise“平衡，姿势”；句意：为了维护一个人的尊严，必须保持迥然不同的冲动之间的平衡。根据句意该题选D。

17.单选题

Allthepeopleinthestadiumcheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（）slowlyintothesky.

问题1选项

A.ascending

B.elevating

C.lifting

D.lingering

【答案】A

【解析】ascend上升；elevate提升，举起；lift提升，举起；linger徘徊。根据句意可知这里指气球慢慢上升到空中，选项A符合语境。

18.单选题

Consumersarebeingconfusedandmisledbythehodge-podge（大杂烩）ofenvironmentalclaimsinhalebyhouseholdproducts,accordingtoa“greenlabeling”studypublishedbyConsumersInternationalFriday.

Amongthereport'smoreoutrageous(令人无法容忍的)findings-aGermanfertilizerdescribeditselfas“earthwormfriendly”abrandoffloursaiditwas“non-polluting”andaBritishtoiletpaperclaimedtobe“environmentallyfriendlier”.

ThestudywaswrittenandresearchedbyBritain’sNationalConsumerCouncil(NCC)forlobbygroupConsumerInternational.ItwasfundedbytheGermanandDutchgovernmentsandtheEuropeanCommission.

“Whilemanygoodandusefulclaimsarebeingmade,itisclearthereisalongwaytogoinensuringshoppersareadequatelyinformedabouttheenvironmentalimpactofproductstheybuy,”saidConsumersInternationaldirectorAnnaFielder.

The10-countrystudysurveyedproductpackaginginBritain,WesternEurope,ScandinaviaandtheUnitedStates.ItfoundthatproductssoldinGermanyandtheUnitedKingdommadethemostenvironmentalclaimsonaverage.

Thereportfocusedonclaimsmadebyspecificproductssuchasdetergentinsectspraysandbysomegardenproducts.Itdidnottesttheclaims,butcomparedthemtolabelingguidelinessetbytheInternationalStandardsOrganization(ISO)inSeptember,1999.

Researchersdocumentedclaimsofenvironmentalfriendlinessmadebyabout2,000productsandfoundmanytoovagueortoomisleadingtomeetISOstandards.

“Manyproductshadspecially-designedlabelstomakethemseemenvironmentallyfriendly,butinfactmanyofthesesymbolsmeannothing,”saidreportresearcherPhilipPage.

“Laundrydetergentsmadethemostnumberofclaimswith158.Householdcleanersweresecondwith145separateclaims,whilepaintswerethirdonourlistwith73.Thehighnumbersshowhowveryconfusingitmustbeforconsumerstosortthetruefromthemisleading.’’hesaid.

TheISOlabelingstandardscanvagueormisleadingclaimsonproductpackaging,becausetermssuchas“environmentallyfriendly”and“non-polluting”cannotbeverified.“WhatwearenowpushingforistohavemultinationalcorporationsmeetthestandardssetbytheISO”,saidpage.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theNCCfounditoutrageousthat（

）.

2.Asindicatedinthispassage,withsomanygoodclaims,theconsumers

（

）.

3.AstudywascarriedoutbyBritain’sNCCto

（

）.

4.Whatisoneoftheconsequencescausedbythemanyclaimsofhouseholdproducts?

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthelobbygroupConsumerInternationalwantsto（

）.

问题1选项

A.alltheproductssurveyedclaimtomeetISOstandards

B.consumerswouldbelievemanyofthemanufactures’claim

C.theclaimsmadebyproductsareoftenunclearordeceiving

D.fewproductsactuallyprovetobeenvironmentfriendly

问题2选项

A.arebecomingmorecautiousabouttheproductstheyaregoingtobuy

B.arestillnotwillingtopaymoreforproductswithgreenlabeling

C.arebecomingmoreawareoftheeffectsdifferentproductshaveontheenvironment

D.stilldonotknowtheexactimpactofdifferentproductsontheenvironment

问题3选项

A.examineclaimsmadebyproductsagainstISOstandards

B.informtheconsumersoftheenvironmentalimpactoftheproductstheybuy

C.findouthowmanyclaimsmadebyproductsfailtomeetenvironmentalstandards

D.revisetheguidelinessetbytheInternationalStandardsOrganization

问题4选项

A.Theyarelikelytoleadtoseriousenvironmentalproblems

B.Consumersfinditdifficulttotellthetruefromthefalse

C.Theycouldarousewidespreadangeramongconsumer

D.Consumerswillbetemptedtobuyproductstheydon'tneed

问题5选项

A.warnconsumersofthedangerofso-calledgreenproducts

B.seeallhouseholdproductsmeetenvironmentalstandards

C.makeproductlabelingsatisfyISOrequirements

D.verifytheeffortsofnon-pollutingproducts

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。题目问的是“NCC最不能忍受的是什么？”文章第二段提到“报道中不能让人忍受的是——德国‘蚯蚓之友’化肥，‘无污染’面粉，还有英国的‘环境友好’厕纸”（Amongthereport'smoreoutrageous(令人无法容忍的)findings-aGermanfertilizerdescribeditselfas“earthwormfriendly”abrandoffloursaiditwas“non-polluting”），即不能忍受这些宣传，原因在第七段：近2000种产品并没有像他们标榜的那样对环境无害，很多都不符合ISO的标准（Researchersdocumentedclaimsofenvironmentalfriendlinessmadebyabout2,000productsandfoundmanytoovagueortoomisleadingtomeetISOstandards），由此可知，上面的那些宣传在虚假夸大，选项C“产品的宣传经常很模糊或者带有欺骗性”符合题意。

第2题:细节事实题。题目问的是消费者的反映。文章第四段提到“尽管现在很多产品的宣传都很美好，但是需要清楚的是消费者仍然无法知道他们买的产品对于环境的影响有多大”（Whilemanygoodandusefulclaimsarebeingmade,itisclearthereisalongwaytogoinensuringshoppersareadequatelyinformedabouttheenvironmentalimpactofproductstheybuy），选项D“仍然不知道不同产品对环境的影响”符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。文章第六段提到了NCC做这个调查的目的：用ISO的标准来检测一些特定的产品，比如杀虫剂，探究这些产品的说明是否符合标准（Thereportfocusedonclaimsmadebyspecificproductssuchasdetergentinsectspraysandbysomegardenproducts.Itdidnottesttheclaims,butcomparedthemtolabelingguidelinessetbytheInternationalStandardsOrganization(ISO)inSeptember,1999），选项A符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。文章倒数第二段最后一句话提到“如此高的数字表明消费者很难从这些误导人的产品中分辨出正确的产品”（Thehighnumbersshowhowveryconfusingitmustbeforconsumerstosortthetruefromthemisleading），选项B“消费者很难分清真伪”符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。文章最后一段最后一句提到“我们现在正在推动让跨国公司达到ISO的标准”（WhatwearenowpushingforistohavemultinationalcorporationsmeetthestandardssetbytheISO），选项C“让产品标签符合ISO的标准”符合题意。

19.单选题

Farmingisstilltheworld'sgreatestindustry.Onaverage,overhalfofthepopulationspendtheirlivesploughingthesoil,plantingseeds,harvestingcrops,andraisinganimalswhichprovideuswithmeat,milk,eggs,wool,leather,andmanyotherproducts.Traditionalfarming,inwhichmostofthehardworkonthefarmisdonebymanuallaborandanimals,isstillpracticedinmanycountries.Buttraditionalmethodscannotproduceenoughfoodtocopewiththegreatexplosioninpopulation.

Onlywithmodernmethodsoffarming——usingmachinestoreplacemenandanimals,artificialfertilizerstoenrichthesoil,andchemicalstokeepweedsanddiseasesundercontrol,canmanhopetoavoidacatastrophicworldfoodshortage.FormingmethodsarewelladvancedinmostpartsofEuropeandNorthAmerica,andfarmerselsewherearebeinghelpedbysuchorganizationsastheUnitedNationsFoodandAgriculturalOrganization(FAO)tomodernizeasquicklyaspossible.

Machineryhasbroughtaboutthegreatestrevolutioninfarming.Byfarthemostimportantmachineisthetractor,whichisusedforpullingmanykindsofimplements——ploughstobreakupthesoil,drillstosowtheseeds,trailerstocarrymanure,andsoon.Inthisrespectitdoesthesamekindofworkasteamsofhorses,oroxenoncedid.Butatractordoesmorethanjustpull.Italsoprovidespowertodriveothermachinery,suchasmowingmachines,andpotatoharvesters.

Thestandardtypeoftractorhastwomassivewheelsattherearandtwosmallonesatthefront,butthosedesignedfortravelingoverheavygroundorforpullingheavyloadshavecaterpillarorcrawlertracks.Tractorssupplypowertodriveothermachineryeitherthroughapulleywheeldrivenbytheengineorbymeansofwhatiscalledpowertake-off(p.t.o).Inp.t.o.drive,themovingpartofthemachinethetractorispulling,suchastheknifebladeofamower,isturneddirectlybyashaftdrivenbytheengine.

Amongthemanyotherfarmmachines,combineharvestersareprobablythemostimportant.Theyaresocalledbecausetheycombinetheactionsofreapingandthreshing.Cerealsarethemain,butnottheonlycropsthatareharvestedwiththecombine.Peasandbeanscanalsobeharvestedwithit.

Growingplantstaketheirnourishmentfromthesoil.Theyneedcertainessentialelements,particularlycalcium,nitrogen,phosphorus,andpotassium,iftheyaretogrowwell.Itstandstoreasonthataftereverycroptherewillbelessoftheseelementsremaininginthesoilforasubsequentcrop.Toensureagoodcropeverytime,farmersapplyfertilizerstothesoilbeforeplantingtoreplacetheessentialelementsthepreviouscropremoved.

Thefarmer'straditionalfertilizerisfarm-yardmanure,arottedmixtureofdungandstraw.Itimprovesthetextureofthesoilaswell.Butthereisnotenoughmanuretosupplytheneedsofamodernfarmer,andartificialfertilizersarewidelyusedinstead.Thereareavarietyofartificialfertilizers,eachsupplyingcertainoftheessentialelements.Sulphateofammoniasuppliesnitrogen,superphosphateoflimesuppliesphosphorus,bonemealsuppliesbothnitrogenandphosphorus,sulphateofpotashsuppliespotassium,andtherearemany,manymore.Superphosphateisprobablyoneofthemostwidelyusedofallthefertilizers.Limeisalsoaddedtothesoilonalargescale.Itisvaluablenotonlyasafertilizerbutalsoasasoilconditioner.

Ofcourse,stimulatingcropsintobettergrowthmakestheweedsgrowbetter,too!Fortunatelythechemisthascometotheaidoffarmersanddevelopedselectiveweed-killers,properlycalledherbicides,forusewiththeircrops.Herbicideshaveaselectiveactioninthattheykilltheweedsbutleavethecropunharmed.Theyareusedparticularlywiththecerealcrops.Chemistshavealsodevelopedawiderangeoffungicidestokillfungusdiseases,suchaspotatoblightorrustnwheat,whichcoulddevastatethecrops.Farmerswagecontinualwaragainstinsects,too.Maggots,beetles,andweevilscandountolddamageiftheyarenotchecked.Again,modernsciencehasproducedpowerfulinsecticidestoprotectcropsagainstinsectattack.

1.Whatisthesymboloftraditionalfarming?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,tractor（）.

3.Tosupplytheneedsofmodernfarming（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

5.Theword"revolution"inline1ofparagraph3canbebestreplacedby（）.

6.Theword"they"inline2ofparagraph5refersto（）.

7.Thephrase“cometotheaidof”inline2ofthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans（）.

问题1选项

A.Ploughingthesoil,plantingseeds,harvestingcropsandraisinganimals.

B.Enrichingthesoilwithartificialfertilizers.

C.Hardfarmworkisdonebymanuallaborandanimals

D.Ploughingthesoilwithtractors.

问题2选项

A.doesthesamekindofworkasteamsofhorses,oroxenoncedid

B.isusedtobreakupthesoilsowtheseedsandcarriesmanure

C.replacesbothmenandanimalsandprovidespowertodriveothermachinery

D.hastwomassivewheelsattherear

问题3选项

A.growingplantsneedcertainessentialelements

B.farmersapplymanurebeforeplanting

C.stimulatingcropsintobettergrowthalsohassideeffect

D.artificialfertilizersarewidelyused

问题4选项

A.therearetremendousdifferencesbetweentraditionalfarmingandmodemfarming

B.inmodernfarmingtractorisessential

C.fertilizersarethesymbolofmodemfarming

D.farmersseldomapplymanurenow

问题5选项

A.gradualchange

B.completechange

C.suddenchange

D.slowchange

问题6选项

A.generalfarmmachines

B.farmers

C.tractors

D.combineharvesters

问题7选项

A.runheretohelp

B.cometothearea

C.offerhelpto

D.serveasanaide

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:C

【解析】1.根据第一段第三句“Traditionalfanning,inwhichmostofthehardworkonthefarmisdonebymanuallaborandanimals,isstillpracticedinmanycountries.”许多国家仍在实行传统农业,在这种农业中,大多数繁重的劳动是由体力劳动和由动物来完成的。选项C符合原文。

2.根据第三段最后两句“Inthisrespectitdoesthesamekindofworkasteamsofhorses,oroxenoncedid.Butatractordoesmorethanjustpull.Italsoprovidespowertodriveothermachinery...”拖拉机所做的工作与以前的马或牛一样,但是拖拉机不仅仅如此,它还可以为其他机器提供动力。由此可知,选项C符合原文。

3.根据倒数第二段第三句“Butthereisnotenoughmanuretosupplytheneedsofamodemfarmer,andartificialfertilizersarewidelyusedinstead.”没有足够的肥料供应现代农民的需求,所以人工肥料被广泛使用。选项D与原文描述一致。

4.结合一二段的内容可知,现代农业和传统农业有很大的差异,选项A正确；选项B和C表述太绝对；选项D在文中没有提及。

5.根据句意：机器的出现对于农业来说是一个巨大的变革,也就是说农业发生了彻底的变化,选项B最符合原文语境。

6.结合上下文以及句意可知,这里的they指的是上句提到的combineharvesters,选项D正确。

7.根据下文可知,除草剂可以杀死杂草,但不伤害作物。由此可知cometotheaidof指提供帮助,所以选项C正确。

20.单选题

Thepartyleaderjustifiedhissubsequentre-election（）thathehadbroughtpoliticalstabilityandeconomicdevelopmenttohiscountry.

问题1选项

A.intheway

B.bynomeans

C.onthegrounds

D.totheextent

【答案】C

【解析】intheway妨碍，挡道；bynomeans决不；onthegrounds由于……的原因，理由是……；totheextent到……的程度。句意：这位党的领导人为他后来的连任辩护，理由是他为他的国家带来了政治稳定和经济发展。选项C符合句意。

21.单选题

Taxincreaseswereintroducedonawiderangeofgoodsandservicestohelpalleviatetheprojectedbudget.

问题1选项

A.relieve

B.receive

C.deceive

D.conceive

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。alleviate“减轻，缓解”；A选项relieve“解除，缓解；使不单调乏味”；B选项receive“收到；接待；接纳”；C选项deceive“欺骗；行骗”；D选项conceive“怀孕；构思”。句意：对大量商品和服务增税，以帮助减轻预算。题干指出“Taxincreases增税”与“projectedbudget预期的预兑”，可知alleviate在这里有“缓解”的意思，因此A选项正确。

22.单选题

Thatstoryyouhavejusttold______meofanexperienceIoncehad.

问题1选项

A.informs

B.recalls

C.reminds

D.refreshes

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A项inform“通知，告诉”，B项recall“召回，回想起”，C项remind“提醒，使想起”，D项refresh“更新，恢复精神”。根据句子可知，remindsb.ofsth.固定搭配，表示“使某人想起某事”。句意：你刚才讲的故事使我想起我曾经有过的一次经历。因此，该题选择C项正确。

23.单选题

Weallhaveoffensivebreathatonetimeoranother.Inmostcases,offensivebreathemanatesfrombacteriainthemouth,althoughthereareothermorecauses.

Untilafewyearsago,themostdoctorscoulddowastocounselpatientswithbadbreathaboutoralcleanliness.Nowtheyarefindingnewwaystotreattheusuallycurablecondition.

Badbreathcanhappenwheneverthenormalflowofsaliva(唾液)slows.Ourmouthsarefullofbacteriafeedingonproteininbitsoffoodandshedtissue.Thebacteriaemitevilsmellinggases,theworstofwhichishydrogensulfide(硫化物).

Mouthbacteriathriveinairlessconditions.Oxygenrichsalivakeepstheirnumbersdown.Whenwesleep,forexample,thesalivastreamslows,andsulfurproducingbacteriagaintheupperhand,producingclassic“morningbreath”.

Alcoholhunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexerciseanythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath.Socanstress,thoughit’snotunderstoodwhy.Somepeople’sbreathturnssoureverytimetheygoonajobinterview.

Salivaflowgraduallyslowswithage,whichexplainswhytheelderlyhavemorebadbreathtroublethanyoungerpeopledo.Babies,however,whomakeplentyofsalivaandwhosemouthscontainrelativelyfewbacteriahavecharacteristicallysweetbreath.

Formostofus,thesimple,drymouthvarietyofbadbreathiseasilycured.Eatingordrinkingstartssalivaandsweepsawaymanyofthebacteria.Breakfastoftenstopsmorningbreath.

Thosewithchronicdrymouthfindthatithelpstokeepgum,hardcandy,orabottleofwaterorjuicearound.Brushingtheteethwipesoutdrymouthbadbreathbecauseitclearsawaymanyoftheoffendingbacteria.Surprisingly,onethingthatrarelyworksismouthwash.Theliquidcanmaskbadbreathodorwithitsownsmell,buttheeffectlastsnomorethananhour.Somemouthwashesclaimtokillthebacteriaresponsibleforbadbreath.Thetroubleis,theydon’tnecessarilyreachalloffendinggerms.Mostbacteriaarewellprotectedfrommouthwashunderthicklayersofmucus(黏液).Ifthemouthwashcontainsalcohol—asmostdo—itcanintensifytheproblembydryingoutthemouth.

6.Thephrase“emanatefrom”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“_____”.

7.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthecausesofbadbreath?

8.Accordingtothepassage,alcoholhassomethingtodowithbadbreathmainlybecause_____.

9.Mouthwashesarenotaneffectivecureforbadbreathmainlybecause_____.

10.Wecaninferfromthispassagethat_____.

问题1选项

A.thriveon

B.accountfor

C.originatefrom

D.descendfrom

问题2选项

A.Toothtrouble.

B.Sulfurrichfood.

C.Toomuchexercise.

D.Mentalstrain.

问题3选项

A.itkeepsoffendingbacteriafromreproducing

B.itssmelladdstobadbreath

C.itkillssomehelpfulbacteria

D.itaffectsthenormalflowofsaliva

问题4选项

A.theycan’tmaskthebadodorlongenough

B.theycan’tgettoalltheoffendingbacteria

C.theirstrongsmellmixeswithbadbreathandmakesitworse

D.theycan’tcoverthethicklayersofmucus

问题5选项

A.offensivebreathcan’teasilybecured

B.elderlypeoplearelessoffendedbybadbreath

C.heavydrinkersarelessaffectedbybadbreath

D.offensivebreathislessaffectedbyalcohol

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】6.词汇推断题。第一步，练习句中前后信息衔接，emanatefrom这个词前后连接的是口气和嘴里的细菌，从这里推测，是因为嘴里的细菌所以才导致了口气，但是这句话中口气在前细菌在后，选项代入文意中便可排除A选项“在……成长”、B选项“导致；解释”；C、D选项虽然在中文中同义，但是descendfrom表示从先辈那里遗传或者继承过来的，不符合原文语境，所以不选D选项“起源于”；所以答案C选项“发源于”正确。

7.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第五段第一二句Alcoholhunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexerciseanythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath.Socanstress,thoughit’snotunderstoodwhy“酗酒，说话太多，运动时用嘴呼吸任何使口腔干燥的事物都会产生口臭。压力也是如此，虽然不知道为什么”，第二步综合理解，压力属于精神紧张的一种，所以答案选D选项“精神压力”。

A选项“牙齿问题”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有，所以不选；

B选项“富硫食物”，定位到第三段最后一句Thebacteriaemitevilsmellinggases,theworstofwhichishydrogensulfide“这种细菌会散发出难闻的气体，其中最难闻的是硫化氢”，从这里可知，不是富含硫的食物让人有口气，是细菌释放出来的含硫物质导致的口气，所以B不选，这里属于曲解原文；

C选项“运动太多”，见正确选项，不是运动太多导致口臭，是运动的时候用嘴呼吸导致口臭，这里属于曲解原文。

8.推理判断题。文章定位到第五段第一句话Alcoholhunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexerciseanythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath“酗酒，说话太多，运动时用嘴呼吸任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭”以及第四段第一二句话Mouthbacteriathriveinairlessconditions.Oxygenrichsalivakeepstheirnumbersdown.Whenwesleep,forexample,thesalivastreamslows,andsulfurproducingbacteriagaintheupperhand,producingclassic“morningbreath”“口腔细菌在没有空气的环境中繁殖。富含氧气的唾液可以减少它们的数量。例如，当我们睡觉时，唾液流减慢，产生硫的细菌占了上风，产生了经典的‘早晨口气’”，由这里可知口腔细菌在没有空气的环境中繁殖，唾液是减少细菌数量的利器，但当我们口腔是处于干涩状态的时候，口腔里的唾液流就会减慢，从而口腔细菌就繁殖起来了。酒精会导致口腔变干从而唾液流减慢从而细菌滋生产生口气，由此可知答案选D选项“它影响唾液的正常流动”。

A选项“它能阻止有害细菌的繁殖”，见正确选项解析，是唾液减少细菌繁殖，不是酒精，这里属于反向干扰；

B选项“它的气味增加了口臭”，文章没有提及，属于反向干扰；

C选项“它杀死了一些有益的细菌”，文章没有提及，属于反向干扰。

9.事实细节题题。第一步，寻找句内线索，定位到最后一段倒数第三句话Thetroubleis,theydon’tnecessarilyreachalloffendinggerms“问题是，它们不一定能触及所有有害细菌”，由此可知答案选B选项“它们无法接触到所有有害的细菌”。

A选项“它们掩盖不了难闻的气味”，定位到最后一段倒数第五句话Theliquidcanmaskbadbreathodorwithitsownsmell…“这种液体可以用自己的气味掩盖口臭”，这里可知，A选项属于反向干扰；

C选项“它们强烈的气味和口臭混合在一起，使情况更糟”，见A选项解析，这里属于反向干扰；

D选项“它们不能覆盖厚厚的粘液层”，定位到最后一段倒数第二句话Mostbacteriaarewellprotectedfrommouthwashunderthicklayersofmucus“在厚厚的粘液层下，大多数细菌都能很好地免受漱口水的侵害”，前文有提示漱口水是可以杀死所有细菌的但是因为有些细菌接触不到，所以使用者还是会有口臭问题，而细菌接触不到的原因是因为细菌被粘液保护着，这里是因为漱口水不能侵入粘液从而粘液保护了细菌而不是漱口水不能覆盖粘液，所以答案D错误，这里属于曲解原文。

10.判断推理题。第一步，寻找句内线索，定位到第五段第一句Formostofus,thesimple,drymouthvarietyofbadbreathiseasilycured.“对我们大多数人来说，简单的、口干的各种口臭很容易治愈”，从这里可知简单的口臭是容易治愈的，暗含着还有一种口臭是难以治愈的，第二步，寻找上下文线索，整篇文章直接开门见山指出每个人都会有口臭，接着讲述引起口臭的原因，最后讲到怎么治愈口臭这个问题，但是作者指出这些方法都是暂时的不彻底的，所以这里暗含着口臭其实很难根治的意味所以答案选A选项“口臭不容易治好”。

B选项“老年人对口臭的较少”定位到第六段第一句话Salivaflowgraduallyslowswithage,whichexplainswhytheelderlyhavemorebadbreathtroublethanyoungerpeopledo“随着年龄的增长，唾液的流动会逐渐变慢，这也解释了为什么老年人比年轻人更容易出现口臭问题”，由此可知B选项错误，这里属于反向干扰；

C选项“酗酒者受口臭的影响较小”，定位到第五段第一句话Alcoholhunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexerciseanythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath“酗酒，说话太多，运动时用嘴呼吸任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭”，由此可知，酒精会导致口臭，C选项错误，这里属于反向干扰；

D选项“口气不佳受酒精的影响较小”，见C选项解析，这里属于反向干扰。

24.单选题

Globalizationisaphenomenonthathasbeenaffectingcountriesandsocietiesforseveraldecades,buttheoutlineoftheglobalsystemhasonlyemergedwithsomeclarityrecently.Theriseofglo