考研考博-英语-内江卫生与健康职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内江卫生与健康职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Avilesmellhungintheair.

问题1选项

A.burnt

B.unpleasant

C.sweet

D.fruity

【答案】B

【解析】句意：空气中弥漫着一股难闻的气味。vile意为邪恶的，肮脏的。选项B更符合句意所表达的意思。

2.单选题

Thedoctoristryingtosavethepatientbyevery______means.

问题1选项

A.imaginative

B.imaginary

C.imaginable

D.imagination

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项imaginative“富于想象的；有创造力的”；B选项imaginary“虚构的，假想的；想象的；虚数的”；C选项imaginable“可能的；可想象的”；D选项imagination“（n.）想象力；空想；幻想物”。句意：医生正在想尽一切办法挽救病人。因此C选项正确。

3.填空题

Theoveremphasisontheexteriorelevationinitsformerdesignresultedintheclosenessand________oftheinteriorspace.(regular)

【答案】irregularity

【解析】【考查点】名词。

【解题思路】根据关键词and，可知横线处和closeness都是名词，结合语境，过分强调建筑的外部立面致使建筑不规则，irregularity意思为“不规则（或无规律）的事物”，符合语境。

【句意】在原有设计中过分强调建筑的外部立面，导致室内空间的封闭和不规则。

4.翻译题

这个电压为原来的2/5。

【答案】Thisvoltageistwo-fifthoftheoriginalvoltage.

5.单选题

Itissaidinsomepartsoftheworld,goats,ratherthancows,serveasavital（

）ofmilk.

问题1选项

A.storage

B.source

C.reserve

D.resource

【答案】B

【解析】句意:据说，在世界上某些地方，牛奶的重要来源是山羊，而不是奶牛。

名词辨析。Storage存储，仓库;source来源;reserve储备，储存;resource资源，财力。因此B符合句意。

6.写作题

Directions:Presentyourperspectiveontheissuebelow,usingrelevantreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.

Someeducationalsystemsemphasizethedevelopmentofstudent’scapacityforreasoningandlogicalthinking,butstudentswouldbenefitmorefromaneducationthatalsotaughtthemtoexploretheirownemotions.Writeacompositionofabout400wordsentitledStudentsWouldBenefitsMorefromanEducationofEmotions.

【答案】【略】

7.单选题

WhenIaskedifablackpoliticiancouldwininFrance,however,heresponded（）:“No,conditionsaredifferenthere.”

问题1选项

A.ambiguously

B.implicitly

C.unhesitatingly

D.optimistically

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。ambiguously“含糊不清地”；implicitly“暗含地”；unhesitatingly“毫不犹豫地”；optimistically“乐观地”。句意：当我问道一位黑人政治家能否在法国赢得选举，他毫不犹豫地说：“不，在这儿情况完全不一样”。选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Althoughsports（

）thehousehold,Joedrewthelinewhentheyinterferedwithfamilytraditionsaroutine.

问题1选项

A.overwhelmed

B.affected

C.dominated

D.influenced

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。overwhelm淹没，压垮；affected影响；dominate控制，在…中占主要地位；influenced影响。句意：尽管运动对家庭有决定性影响，Joe认为当体育运动扰乱了家庭传统与日常生活时，应该拒绝运动。由although可推知前后性质相反，后半句提到了“interferedwith…干扰…”是属于不利的一面，故前半句应为好的一面。故C项正确。

9.单选题

Headmittedthathewas___cocaineandcouldn’tgethimselfoutofit.

问题1选项

A.condemned

B.committed

C.addicted

D.abandoned

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.condemned判了死刑的B.committed尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的

C.addicted入了迷的；上了瘾的

D.abandoned被离弃的；被遗弃的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】句中couldn’tgethimselfoutofit，这里的it指的是and前面的cocaine“可卡因”，句意为不能摆脱可卡因。因为是由and连接两个句子，两个句子表并列关系，综合理解and前面的句子表示他对可卡因上瘾。选C.addicted，形成固定搭配beaddictedto，对……上瘾。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系

【句意】他承认他对可卡因上瘾，而且戒不掉。

10.单选题

Hadtheexplosionbrokenout,allthepassengersintheplaneshouldhavebeenkilled,foritwas（

）timedwiththeplane'stake-off.

问题1选项

A.simultaneously

B.conscientiously

C.spontaneously

D.instantaneously

【答案】A

【解析】副词词义辨析。句意‘如果发生爆炸，飞机上所有的乘客都会丧命，因为这是一个随着飞机起飞会爆炸的定时炸弹。’B选项conscientiously意为“良心上”；C选项spontaneously意为“不由自主地”；D选项instantaneously意为“即刻，马上”，均与句意不符。根据本题的关键词timed可知是与时间有关，A项simultaneously意为“同时地”，符合语境，正确。

11.单选题

Whatifarchitectscouldbuildlivingsystemsratherthanstaticbuildingsdynamicstructuresthatmodifytheirinternalandexternalformsinresponsetochangesintheirenvironment?Thisideaismakingwavesinthefieldofarchitecture.Houses,forexample,mightshrinkinthewintertoreducesurfaceareaandvolume,thuscuttingheatingcosts.Theycouldcoverthemselvestoescapetheheatofthesummersunorshakesnowofftheroofinwinter.Skyscraperscouldchangetheirprofiles,swayingslightlytodistributeincreasedloadsduringhurricanes.

Such“responsivearchitecture”woulddependontwosortsoftechnology:controlsystemscapableofdecidingwhattodo,andstructuralcomponentsabletochangethebuilding'sshapeasrequired.Architectshavebeenworkingtoimprovethecontrolsystemsinbuildingsformanyyears,butshape-shiftingtechnologyisatamuchearlierstageofdevelopment.

Oneapproachbeingpursuedbyresearchersistoimitatenature.Manynaturalconstructions,includingspiders'webs,are“tensegritysystems”strongstructuresmadeupofmanyinterconnectedelementswhichcanbemanipulatedtochangeshapewithoutlosingtheirstructuralintegrity.“Thesestructurescanbendandtwist,butnoelementinthestructurebendsandtwists,”saysRobertSkeltonoftheStructuralSystemsandControlLaboratoryattheUniversityofCaliforniainSailDiego.“It'sthearchitectureoflife.”

WhileDr.Skeltonisworkingonsolvingtheengineeringequationsassociatedwithtensegritysystems,Tristand’EstreeSterkattheOfficeforRoboticArchitecturalMedia&theBureauforResponsiveArchitecture,anarchitecturalpracticebasedinVancouver,Canada,hasbeguntoconstructprototypesofshape-changing“buildingenvelopes”basedontensegritystructures.Lightweightskeletalframeworks,composedofrodsandwiresandcontrolledbypneumatic（气动的）“muscles”,serveasthewallsofabuilding;adjustingtheirconfigurationtochangethebuilding'sshape.Mr.Sterkisalsodevelopingthe‘brain’neededtocontextsuchabuildingbasedoninformationfrominternalandexternalsensors.

Carsarealreadycapableofmonitoringtheirownperformanceandactingwithacertaindegreeofautonomy,fromcruise-controlsystemstoairbagsensors.Suchresponsivebehaviorisconsiderednormalforacar,architectsarguethatthesamesortofideasshouldbeincorporatedintobuildings,too.Andjustastheperformanceofacarcanbesimulatedinadvancetochoosethebestdesignforarangeofdrivingconditions,thesameshouldbedoneforbuildings,arguesGianCarloMagnoli,anarchitectandtheco-directoroftheKineticDesignGroupattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Heisdevisingblueprintsforresponsivehouses.‘Weneedtoevolvedesignsforthebestperformingresponsive-buildingmodels,”hesays.

Sowillweendupwithcitiesofskyscrapersthatwaveinthebreeze?Itsoundscrazy.But,saysMr.Sterk,manyideasthatwereonceconsideredcrazyarenowcommonplace.“Electricitywasastrangeidea,butnowit'suniversal’hesays.Dynamic,intelligent,adaptablebuildingsare“thelogicalnextstep”,heclaims.

1.Whichtechnologyisneededforsuch“responsivearchitecture”?

2.AccordingtoPara.3,manynaturalconstructions（

）.

3.WhatcontributiondoesSterkmaketoresponsivearchitecture?

4.TowhichofthefollowingisMagnolilikelytoagree?

问题1选项

A.Thechangeofinternalandexternalforms.

B.Thealteractionofprofiles.

C.Controlsystemsappliedtomanualcontrols.

D.Structuralcomponentscapableofchangingthebuilding’sshape.

问题2选项

A.cancausechangetoelementsinthestructure

B.aremotivatedbybiologicalmaterialarchitecture

C.canchangetheirshapewithoutaffectingtheirstructuralintegrity

D.arefragilestructuresmadeupofmanyinterconnectedelements

问题3选项

A.Hemakesarchetypesofshape-changingbuildingframes.

B.Heusesrodsandwirestobethewallsofabuilding.

C.HedoesmoreforresponsivearchitecturethanDr.Skelton.

D.Hehasinventedthe‘brain’tocontrolbuilding.

问题4选项

A.Cruise-controlsystemsshouldbeincorporatedintobuildings.

B.Architectsneedtoperfecttitledesignsofresponsivebuildingforthebestmodels.

C.Thedevelopmentofbuildingsisnothingcomparedtothatofcars.

D.Theperformanceofabuildingshouldbemonitoredinadvance.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第二段第一句‘Such“responsivearchitecture”woulddependontwosortsoftechnology:controlsystemscapableofdecidingwhattodo,andstructuralcomponentsabletochangethebuilding'sshapeasrequired.这种“响应式建筑”将依赖两种技术：能够决定做什么的控制系统，以及能够根据需要改变建筑形状的结构组件。’确定D选项‘能够改变建筑物形状的结构部件’正确。

2.根据第三段‘Manynaturalconstructions,includingspiders'webs,are“tensegritysystems”strongstructuresmadeupofmanyinterconnectedelementswhichcanbemanipulatedtochangeshapewithoutlosingtheirstructuralintegrity.许多自然结构，包括蜘蛛网，都是“张拉整体系统”——由许多相互关联的元素组成的强大结构，可以在不失去结构完整性的情况下改变形状。’确定C选项‘能在不影响其结构完整性的情况下改变其形状’正确。

3.根据文章第四段‘hasbeguntoconstructprototypesofshape-changing“buildingenvelopes”basedontensegritystructures.Lightweightskeletalframeworks,composedofrodsandwiresandcontrolledbypneumatic（气动的）“muscles”,serveasthewallsofabuilding;adjustingtheirconfigurationtochangethebuilding'sshape.Mr.Sterkisalsodevelopingthe‘brain’neededtocontextsuchabuildingbasedoninformationfrominternalandexternalsensors.已经开始构建基于张拉整体结构的可变形“建筑信封”原型。轻量级的骨骼框架,由金属杆和电线和由气动控制(气动的)“肌肉”，作为建筑物的墙壁；调整他们的配置来改变建筑的形状。斯特克还在开发一种“大脑”，这种大脑可以根据来自内部和外部传感器的信息为这样一座建筑设定环境。确定B选项‘他用金属杆和电线做建筑物的墙’表达不完整，C选项‘他在响应式架构方面比斯凯尔顿博士做得更多’没有提及，D选项‘他发明了控制建筑的“大脑”’，文章是说‘还在开发中，没有完成，’句意不符合，所以A选项正确。

4.根据倒数第二段的第一句和第二句’Carsarealreadycapableofmonitoringtheirownperformanceandactingwithacertaindegreeofautonomy,fromcruise-controlsystemstoairbagsensors.Suchresponsivebehaviorisconsiderednormalforacar,architectsarguethatthesamesortofideasshouldbeincorporatedintobuildings,too.从巡航控制系统到安全气囊传感器，汽车已经能够监控自己的性能并在一定程度上自主行动。这样的反应行为对汽车来说是正常的，建筑师认为同样的想法也应该被纳入建筑中。确定A选项‘巡航控制系统应纳入建筑物’正确。

12.单选题

Electricalresistanceisacommonpropertyofallmaterials____.

问题1选项

A.onlydiffersindegree

B.onlyindegreeitdiffers

C.differingonlyindegree

D.anddifferingindegreeonly

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.onlydiffersindegree只是程度不同B.onlyindegreeitdiffers只是程度不同

C.differingonlyindegree只是程度不同D.anddifferingindegreeonly只是程度不同

【答案】C

【考查点】非谓语动词

【解题思路】空格处前面为一个主系表结构完整的句子，主语为“电阻”，系动词为“是”，表语为“所有材料的共同特性”；并且原句没有连词或从句引导词，所以该句并不是并列句或复合句。因此，空格处为句子的状语，此处为动词的现在分词做伴随状语，C选项differingonlyindegree符合要求。

【干扰项排除】

A选项onlydiffersindegree，动词的三人称单数为谓语形式，缺少连词或从句引导词；

B选项onlyindegreeitdiffers，动词的三人称单数为谓语形式，缺少连词或从句引导词；

D选项anddifferingindegreeonly，有连词and，不应该使用非谓语动词（现在分词形式differing）。

【句意】电阻是所有材料的共同特性，只是不同的材料的阻力大小不同。

13.不定项选择题

AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelinesonFridayfordoctorconductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients.Thepanelurgeddoctorstoapplytheguidelinesinanalyzingthemassesofpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiesthatwerecollectedinthisyear’sepidemic.Muchofthatinformationhasnotbeenpublishedoranalyzed.

“Itisamatterofurgencytogetbetteranalysisandreview,”saidDr.SimonMardel,aWHOofficialwholedthetwo-daymeetingthatendedonFriday.HesaidthousandsofpotentialtherapiesandcompoundshadbeentestedsofarasresearcherstrytodeterminetreatmentsforSARS,orsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome.“WerecognizethathavingnotreatmentforSARSishinderingourabilitytocontrolanepidemicinsomanyways,”Hesaid.

Intheepidemicearlierthisyear,varioustreatments,likedrugstofightthevirusorstrengthentheimmunesystem,aswellastraditionalChinesemedicine,weredeliveredunderemergencyconditions,inwidelydifferentsettingandcountriestopatientssufferingfromvaryingstagesoftheillness.Thoseconditions—generallywithoutstandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations—havemadeithardtointerpretresults.

Standardsupportivetherapylikenursing,andinseverecasestheuseofmechanicalrespirators（呼吸器）tohelppatientsbreathe,isthemainstay（主要支持）ofSARScare,andhelpedmanypatientssurvive.ButdoctorsstilldonotknowhowbesttotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficulties.Dr.Mardelsaid.Onemethodisinvasiveventilation.Asecondmethodinvolvesblowingoxygenintothelungsthroughamask.Bothcarrytheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees.Withoutproperanalysis,thepanelwasunabletosaydefinitivelywhichtreatmentworkedbest,orwhichcausedthemostharm.“Thereisalackofsharedinformation,”Dr.Mardelsaid,nothingthatalotofdatahavenotbeenpublished.

Thepanelalsoagreedonguidelinesthatwouldallowdoctorstoconductquickandsafeclinicaltrials,aprocessthatgenerallytakesyearstocomplete.TheworldHealthOrganization,aUnitedNationsagencydidnotreleasetheguidelines.Dr.Mardelsaidtheywereflexiblebecausenooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn.Expertsinmanycountrieshavealreadylistedthetreatmentstheywanttotest,andthehealthagencyisleavingthesedecisionstoindividualnations.

1.Guidelinesrecommendedbythescientificpanelcanbeusedfor（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,itisdifficulttointerprettheresultsofcertaintreatmentsforSARSbecause（

）.

3.Accordingtodoctors,thetwomethodstotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficultiesboth（

）.

4.AccordingtoaWHOofficial,Dr.Mardel,theguidelineswereflexiblebecause（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.gatheringpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiescollected

B.conductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients

C.determiningtreatmentforSARS

D.publishingalltheinformationaboutSARS

问题2选项

A.patientswereindifferentcountries

B.patientsweregivenmedicinesinwidelydifferentsettings

C.patientswereatdifferentstagesoftheillness

D.theseconditionshadnostandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations

问题3选项

A.carrytheriskofinfectinghospitalemployees

B.areeffectiveincuringpatientswhohavebreathingdifficulties

C.don’truntheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees

D.provetoworkeffectivelyandcausenoharm.

问题4选项

A.SARSwouldreemergeinpoorcountries

B.nooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn

C.SARSwouldnotappearindevelopedcountries

D.nooneknewwhetherSARSwouldreturnornot

问题5选项

A.SARS,aDreadfulDisease

B.NoGoodMethodstoTreatSARS

C.SARSWillReturnOneDay

D.HealthpanelRecommendsNewGuidelinesonSARS

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干：科学小组推荐的指南可以用于……。A选项“收集关于各种治疗方法的潜在有用信息”；B选项“对SARS患者进行临床研究”；C选项“确定SARS的治疗方法”；D选项“发布有关SARS的所有信息”。由题干关键词定位到文章第一段第一句AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelinesonFridayfordoctorconductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients.（上周五，世界卫生组织（WHO）召集的一个科学小组向医生推荐了对SARS患者进行临床研究的指导方针。）由此可知选项B符合题意。

第2题:事实细节题。根据文章，解释SARS的某些治疗结果是很难的，因为……。A选项“病人在不同的国家”；B选项“患者在不同的环境下服用药物”；C选项“患者处于不同的疾病阶段”；D选项“这些条件没有标准化的测量或控制情况”。根据题干定位到第三段第二句话Intheepidemicearlierthisyear,varioustreatments,…,weredeliveredunderemergencyconditions,inwidelydifferentsettingandcountriestopatientssufferingfromvaryingstagesoftheillness.Thoseconditions—generallywithoutstandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations—havemadeithardtointerpretresults.（在今年早些时候的疫情中，在不同的环境和国家，在紧急情况下，为不同阶段的患者提供……各种治疗。这些情况——通常没有标准化的测量或控制的情况——使得解释结果变得困难），由此答案选D，其他选项是来描述在什么情况下患者接受了什么样的治疗，不是结果难以解释的原因。

第3题:事实细节题。题干：根据医生所说，两种导致病人有呼吸困难的治疗SARS的方法都……。A选项“有感染医院员工的风险”；B选项“对有呼吸困难的病人有效”；C选项“不要冒将病毒传染给医院员工的风险”；D选项“证明有效，没有造成伤害”。根据题干定位到第四段倒数第三句Bothcarrytheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees（两者都有将病毒传播给医院员工的风险），因此答案选A。

第4题:【试题解析】事实细节题。题干：根据世卫组织官员马戴尔博士所说，这份指导方针很灵活因为……。A选项“SARS将在贫穷国家重新出现”；B选项“没有人知道非典会在什么地方、什么时候、在什么情况下卷土重来”；C选项“非典不会出现在发达国家”；D选项“没有人知道非典是否会卷土重来”。根据关键词定位到最后一段第三句话Dr.Mardelsaidtheywereflexiblebecausenooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn.（马戴尔博士说，他们是灵活的，因为没人知道非典会在什么时候、在什么地方卷土重来。），所以答案选B。

第5题:主旨大意题。A选项“SARS，一个可怕的病毒”；B选项“治疗SARS没有好的方法”；C选项“SARS总有一天会卷土重来”；D选项“健康小组推荐新的SARS指南”根据第一段第一句话和最后一段第一句话AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelineson…（由世界卫生组织召集的一个科学小组建议的指导方针……）和Thepanelalsoagreedonguidelinesthat…（该小组还赞同指导方针……）可知全文围绕的主题是指导方针，而不是如何治疗SARS，所以答案选D。

14.翻译题

环境与我们的生存息息相关。越来越严重的环境污染影响了我们的生活，我们理当应该更加重视环境保护问题。

近年来，由于车辆和工厂不断增加，空气和生活品质也不断恶化。此外，许多人缺乏公德心，乱丢垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，农民大量使用化学药物使食物中毒事件一再发生。长此下去，我们将呼吸不到新鲜的空气，喝不到纯净的水，吃不到营养的食物了。

正因为问题很严重，环境污染受到了各个国家政府的关注。就拿中国政府为例，2001年，全国环境污染治理投资为1106.6亿元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也会公开谈论政府对于环境污染的新举措。总的来说，环境污染加剧的情况得到了一些控制。

毕竟，我们只有一个地球可以居住，保护环境非常重要。我们主张严格控制环境以保护环境。同时，不仅仅是政府，每一个人，不管你住在哪里，都应该尽力保护环境。以免其恶化。

【答案】Theexistenceofhumansisdirectlyboundwiththeenvironmentinwhichwelive.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoenvironmentalprotectionbecauseoftheinfluenceofmoreandmoreseriousenvironmentalpollutiononourliving.

Inrecentyears,withtheincreasingnumberofcarsandfactories,thequalityofairandlivingisworsening.Inaddition,lackingofsocialmorality,somepeoplelitterrubbishatwill,whichcontaminateslakesandrivers.What’sworse,farmer’soverusingchemicaldrugsleadtorepeatedincidentsoffoodpoisoning.Ifthesituationgoesonlikethis,wewon’thavefreshairtobreathe,purewatertodrink,ornourishingfoodtoeat.

Differentgovernmentsattachgreatimportanceonenvironmentalpollutionduetotheseverityofthesituation.TakeChinesegovernmentasanexample,in2011,theinvestmentforenvironmentalpollutiontreatmentcometo110.66billionyuan,anincreaseof4.3percentcomparedwiththepreviousyear.Andpeopletalkedopenlyaboutthegovernment’snewmeasuresagainstenvironmentalpollution.Inshort,thetendencytoworseningenvironmentalpollutionhasbeencontrolled.

Afterall,thereisonlyoneearth.Itisveryimportanttoprotectenvironment.Weadvocatestrictcontrolofpollutiontoprotectenvironment.Meanwhile,everyone,besidesthegovernment,nomatterwhereyouare,shouldtryone’sbesttopreventtheenvironmentfromdeteriorating.

15.单选题

Thesupervisordidn’thavetimesofartogointoit（）,buthegaveusanideaabouthisplan.

问题1选项

A.athand

B.inturn

C.inconclusion

D.atlength

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项athand“在手边，即将到来”；B选项inturn“轮流，依次”；C选项inconclusion“总之，最后”；D选项atlength“详细地”。句意：导师目前没有时间进行详细说明，但他就自己的计划给了我们一个大概的看法。根据后半部分的“gaveusanidea”可知，选项D符合语境。

16.单选题

The

Chairmanwasevidently__________by

Jim’swordsandglaredathimforafewseconds.

问题1选项

A.putdown

B.putacross

C.putaway

D.putout

【答案】D

【解析】动词词组题。A选项putdown镇压，记下；B选项putacross圆满完成，解释清楚，使被人理解；C选项putaway放好，抛弃；D选项putout扑灭；恼怒。根据句意可知，董事长明显被吉姆的话激怒了，瞪了他好一会。因此，D项是正确答案。

17.单选题

Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience.Inonestudyof400adultswhohadachieveddistinctioninallareasoflife,researchersfoundthatthree-fifthsoftheseindividualseitherdidbadlyinschoolorwereunhappyinschool.FewMacArthurPrizefellows,winnersoftheMacArthurAwardforcreativeaccomplishment,hadgoodthingstosayabouttheirpre-collegiateschoolingiftheyhadnotbeenplacedinadvancedprograms.Anecdotal(名人轶事)reportssupportthis.PabloPicasso,CharlesDarwin,MarkTwain,OliverGoldsmith,andWilliamButlerYeatsalldislikedschool.SodidWinstonChurchill,whoalmostfailedoutofHarrow,aneliteBritishschool.AboutOliverGoldsmith,oneofhisteachersremarked,“Neverwassodullaboy.”Oftenthesechildrenrealizethattheyknowmorethantheirteachers,andtheirteachersoftenfeelthatthesechildrenarearrogant,inattentive,orunmotivated.

Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway.Butmostfaredpoorlyinschoolnotbecausetheylackedabilitybutbecausetheyfoundschoolunchallengingandconsequentlylostinterest.Yeatsdescribedthelackoffitbetweenhismindandschool:“BecauseIhadfounditdifficulttoattendtoanythinglessinterestingthanmyownthoughts,Iwasdifficulttoteach.”Asnotedearlier,giftedchildrenofallkindstendtobestrong-willednonconformists.Nonconformityandstubbornness(andYeats’slevelofarroganceandself-absorption)arelikelytoleadtoConflictswithteachers.

Whenhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers.Awritingprodigy(神童)studiedbyDavidFeldmanandLynnGoldsmithwastaughtfarmoreaboutwritingbyhisjournalistfatherthanhisEnglishteacher.High-IQchildren,inAustraliastudiedbyMiracaGrosshadmuchmorepositivefeelingsabouttheirfamiliesthantheirschools.AbouthalfofthemathematiciansstudiedbyBenjaminBloomhadlittlegoodtosayaboutschool.Theyalldidwellinschoolandtookhonorsclasseswhenavailable,andsomeskippedgrades.

1.Themainpointtheauthorismakingaboutschoolsisthat（

）.

2.TheauthorquotestheremarksofoneofOliverGoldsmith'steachers

（

）.

3.PabloPicassoislistedamongthemanygiftedchildrenwho

（

）.

4.Manygiftedpeopleattributedtheirsuccess

（

）.

5.Therootcauseofmanygiftedstudentshavingbadmemoriesoftheirschoolyearsisthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.theyshouldsatisfytheneedsofstudentsfromdifferentfamilybackgrounds

B.theyareoftenincapableofcateringtotheneedsoftalentedstudents

C.theyshouldorganizetheirclassesaccordingtothestudents’ability

D.theyshouldenrollasmanygiftedstudentsaspossible

问题2选项

A.toprovidesupportforhisargument

B.toillustratethestrongwillofsomegiftedchildren

C.toexplainhowdullstudentscanalsobesuccessful

D.toshowhowpoorOliver'sperformancewasatschool

问题3选项

A.paidnoattentiontotheirteachersinclass

B.contradictedtheirteachersmuchtoooften

C.couldnotcopewiththeirstudiesatschoolsuccessfully

D.behavedarrogantlyandstubbornlyinthepresenceoftheirteachers

问题4选项

A.mainlytoparentalhelpandtheireducationathome

B.bothtoschoolinstructionandtotheirparents’coaching

C.moretotheirparents’encouragementthantoschooltraining

D.lesstotheirsystematiceducationthantotheirtalent

问题5选项

A.theirnonconformitybroughtthemalotoftrouble

B.theywereseldompraisedbytheirteachers

C.schoolcoursesfailedtoinspireormotivatethem

D.teacherswereusuallyfarstricterthantheirparents

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.观点态度题。本题其实也属于主旨类题，解决方式也是找主旨。文章多出出现了“giftedstudents天赋学生”，第一句说到“Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience.考虑到天才学生和他们的学校之间的不和谐，这些学生经常对他们的学校生活没什么好的评价也就不足为奇了。”能提取出来的信息就是“天赋学生”对“学校”不满，原因是“不和谐”。学校无法满足他们的兴趣和要求，因此有天赋的学生并不喜欢学校。因此B选项“他们往往不能满足有才能学生的需要”正确。

2.作者意图题。在第一段最后部分说到“AboutOliverGoldsmith,oneofhisteachersremarked,“Neverwassodullaboy.”Oftenthesechildrenrealizethattheyknowmorethantheirteachers,andtheirteachersoftenfeelthatthesechildrenarearrogant,inattentive,orunmotivated.关于奥利弗•戈德史密斯，他的一位老师说：‘从来没有像他这样迟钝的孩子。’这些孩子常常意识到他们知道的比老师多，他们的老师常常觉得这些孩子傲慢、注意力不集中或缺乏动力。”因此作者在这引用也是为了论证上文中提到的观点：许多有天赋的学生在学校表现很差或很不高兴。A选项“支持他的论点”正确。

3.事实细节题。第二段第一、二句说到“Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway.有些有天赋的人可能在学校表现很差，因为他们的天赋不是学术的。也许我们可以这样解释毕加索。”说明毕加索的天赋并非学术性，因此在学校表现并不佳。C选项“不能成功地应付他们在学校的学习”符合文意。

4.事实细节题。本题是在找有天赋的学生自认为的成功原因，第三段第一句说到“Whenhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers.在任何领域，当极具天赋的学生谈论什么对他们能力的发展重要时，他们更可能提到他们的家庭，而不是学校或老师。”因此在他们看来，成功的重要因素是“家庭”。A选项“主要是父母的帮助和他们在家里的教育”符合题意。

5.判断推理题。本题关键在于“rootcause根本原因”。A选项“他们的不一致给他们带来了很多麻烦”，文章并未重点讲述“麻烦”造成他们不喜欢学校生活；B选项“他们很少受到老师的表扬”和D选项“老师通常比他们的父母严厉得多”未提及，因此排除。C选项“学校的课程没能激励他们”，也就是没有引起他们的兴趣，第一段和第二段多处提到，这些学生常觉得自己比老师知道得多，因此学校的课程并没有什么挑战性。所以C选项正确。

18.单选题

Yetthedifferenceintoneandlanguagemuststrikeus,sosoonasitisphilosophythatspeaks:thatchangeshouldremindusthatevenifthefunctionofreligionandthatofreasoncoincide,thisfunctionisperformedinthetwocasesbyverydifferentorgans.Religionsaremany,reasonone.Religionconsistsofconsciousideas,hopes,enthusiasms,andobjectsofworship;itoperatesbygraceandflourishesbyprayer.Reason,ontheotherhand,isamereprincipleorpotentialorder,onwhichindeedwemaycometoreflectbutwhichexistsinusideallyonly,withoutvariationorstressofanykind.Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,norcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.Religionbringssomeorderintolifebyweightingitwithnewmaterials.Reasonaddstothenaturalmaterialsonlytheperfectorderwhichitintroducesintothem.Rationalityisnothingbutaform,anidealconstitutionwhichexperiencemaymoreorlessembody.Religionisapartofexperienceitself:amassofsentimentsandideas.Theoneisaninviolateprinciple,theotherachangingandstrugglingforce.Andyetthisstrugglingandchangingforceofreligionseemstodirectmantowardsomethingeternal.Itseemstomakeforanultimateharmonywithinthesoulandforanultimateharmonybetweenthesoulandallthatthesouldependsupon.Religion,initsintent,isamoreconsciousanddirectpursuitoftheLifeofReasonthanissociety,science,orart,fortheseapproachandfillouttheideallifetentativelyandpiecemeal,hardlyregardingthegoalorcaringfortheultimatejustificationoftheinstinctiveaims.Religionalsohasaninstinctiveandblindsideandbubblesupinallmannerofchancepracticesandintuitions;soon,however,itfeelsitswaytowardtheheartofthings,andfromwhateverquarteritmaycome,veersinthedirectionoftheultimate.

Nevertheless,wemustconfessthatthisreligiouspursuitoftheLifeofReasonhasbeensingularlyabortive.Thosewithinthepaleofeachreligionmayprevailuponthemselvestoexpresssatisfactionwithitsresults,thankstoafondpartialityinreadingthepastandgenerousdraughtsofhopeforthefuture;butanyoneregardingthevariousreligionsatonceandcomparingtheirachievementswithwhatreasonrequires,mustfeelhowterribleisthedisappointmentwhichtheyhaveoneandallpreparedformankind.Theirchiefanxietyhasbeentoofferimaginaryremediesformortalills.Someofwhichareincurableessentially,whileothersmighthavebeenreallycuredbywell-directedeffort.TheGreekoracles,forinstance,pretendedtohealournaturalignorance,whichhasitsappropriatethoughdifficultcure,whiletheChristianvisionofheavenpretendedtobeanantidotetoou