考研考博-英语-三亚理工职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-三亚理工职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Inthetwodecadesbetween1910and1930,overtenpercentoftheBlackpopulationoftheUnitedStateslefttheSouth,wherethepreponderanceoftheBlackpopulationhadbee8nlocated,andmigratedtonorthernstates,withthelargestnumbermoving,itisclaimed,between1916and1918.Ithasbeenfrequentlyassumed,butnotproved,thatthemajorityofthemigrantsinwhathascometobecalledtheGreatMigrationcamefromruralareasandweremotivatedbytwoconcurrentfactors:thecollapseofthecottonindustryfollowingthebollweevilinfestation,whichbeganin1898,andincreaseddemandintheNorthforlaborfollowingthecessationofEuropeanimmigrationcausedbytheoutbreakoftheFirstWorldWarin1914.Thisassumptionhasledtotheconclusionthatthemigrants’subsequentlackofeconomicmobilityintheNorthistiedtoruralbackground,abackgroundthatimpliesunfamiliaritywithurbanlivingandalackofindustrialskills.

ButthequestionofwhoactuallylefttheSouthhasneverbeenrigorouslyinvestigated.AlthoughnumerousinvestigationsdocumentanexodusfromruralsouthernareastosoutherncitiespriortotheGreatMigration,noonehasconsideredwhetherthesamemigrantsthenmovedontonortherncities.In1910over600,000Blackworkers,ortenpercentoftheBlackworkforce,reportedthemselvestobeengagedin“manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits,”thefederalcensuscategoryencompassingtheentireindustrialsector.TheGreatMigrationcouldeasilyhavebeenmadeupentirelyofthisgroupandtheirfamilies.Itisperhapssurprisingtoarguethatanemployedpopulationcouldbeenticedtomove,butanexplanationliesinthelaborconditionsthenprevalentintheSouth.

Aboutthirty-fivepercentoftheurbanBlackpopulationintheSouthwasengagedinskilledtrades.Somewerefromtheoldartisanclassofslaveryblacksmiths,masons,carpenterswhichhadhadamonopolyofcertaintrades,buttheyweregraduallybeingpushedoutbycompetition,mechanization,andobsolescence.Theremainingsixty-fivepercent,morerecentlyurbanized,workedinnewlydevelopedindustriestobacco,lumber,coalandironmanufacture,andrailroads.WagesintheSouth,however,werelow,andBlackworkerswereaware,throughlaborrecruitersandtheBlackpress,thattheycouldearnmoreevenasunskilledworkersintheNorththantheycouldasartisansintheSouth.Afterthebollweevilinfestation,urbanBlackworkersfacedcompetitionfromthecontinuinginfluxofbothBlackandWhiteruralworkers,whoweredriventoundercutthewagesformerlypaidforindustrialfobs.Thus,amovenorthwouldbeseenasadvantageoustoagroupthatwasalreadyurbanizedandsteadilyemployed,andtheeasyconclusiontyingtheirsubsequenteconomicproblemsintheNorthtotheirruralbackgroundcomesintoquestion.

1.Theauthorindicatesexplicitlythatwhichofthefollowingrecordshasbeenasourceofinformationinherinvestigation?

2.Inthepassage,theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowingasapossibleobjectiontoherargument?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueofwagesinsoutherncitiesin1910?

4.TheauthorciteseachofthefollowingaspossibleinfluencesinaBlackworker’sdecisiontomigratenorthintheGreatMigrationEXCEPT（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthe“easyconclusion”mentionedinline16ofthelastparagraphisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

6.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

7.Accordingtoinformationinthepassage,whichofthefollowingisacorrectsequenceofgroupsofworkers,fromhighestpaidtolowestpaid,intheperiodbetween1910and1930?

8.Thematerialinthepassagewouldbemostrelevanttoalongdiscussionofwhichofthefollowingtopics?

问题1选项

A.UnitedStatesImmigrationServicereportsfrom1914to1930.

B.Payrollsofsouthernmanufacturingfirmsbetween1910and1930.

C.Thevolumeofcottonexportsbetween1898and1910.

D.Thefederalcensusof1910.

问题2选项

A.ItisuncertainhowmanypeopleactuallymigratedduringtheGreatMigration.

B.TheeventualeconomicstatusoftheGreatMigrationmigrantshasnotbeenadequatelytraced.

C.Itisnotlikelythatpeoplewithsteadjobswouldhavereasontomovetoanotherareaofthecountry.

D.Itisnottruethattheterm“manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits”actuallyencompassestheentireindustrialsector.

问题3选项

A.Theywerebeingpushedlowerasaresultofincreasedcompetition.

B.Theyhadbeguntorisesothatsouthernindustrycouldattractruralworkers.

C.Theyhadincreasedforskilledworkersbutdecreasedforunskilledworkers.

D.Theyhadincreasedinlargesoutherncitiesbutdecreasedinsmallsoutherncities.

问题4选项

A.wagelevelsinnortherncities

B.laborrecruiters

C.competitionfromruralworkers

D.votingrightsinnorthernstates

问题5选项

A.Peoplewhomigratefromruralareastolargecitiesusuallydosoforeconomicreasons.

B.Mostpeoplewholeaveruralareastotakejobsincitiesreturntoruralareasassoonasitisfinanciallypossibleforthemtodoso.

C.Peoplewithruralbackgroundsarelesslikelytosucceedeconomicallyincitiesthanthosewithurbanbackgrounds.

D.Mostpeoplewhowereonceskilledworkersarenotwillingtoworkasunskilledworkers.

问题6选项

A.Supportanalternativetoanacceptedmethodology

B.Presentevidencethatresolvesacontradiction

C.Introducearecentlydiscoveredsourceofinformation

D.Challengeawidelyacceptedexplanation

问题7选项

A.ArtisansintheNorth;artisansintheSouth;unskilledworkersintheNorth;unskilledworkersinthesouth.

B.ArtisansintheNorthandSouth;unskilledworkersintheNorth;unskilledworkersintheSouth.

C.ArtisansintheNorth;unskilledworkersintheNorth;artisansintheSouth.

D.ArtisansintheNorthandSouth;unskilledurbanworkersintheNorth;unskilledruralworkersintheSouth.

问题8选项

A.ThereasonsforthesubsequenteconomicdifficultiesofthosewhoparticipatedintheGreatMigration.

B.TheeffectofmigrationontheregionaleconomiesoftheUnitedStatesfollowingtheFirstWorldWar.

C.ThetransitionfromaruraltoanurbanexistenceforthosewhomigratedintheGreatMigration.

D.ThetransformationoftheagriculturalSouthfollowingthebollweevilinfestation

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:C

第8题:A

【解析】1.细节判断题。根据文中第二段“In1910over600,000Blackworkers,ortenpercentoftheBlackworkforce,reportedthemselvestobeengagedin‘manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits,’thefederalcensuscategoryencompassingtheentireindustrialsector.1910年，超过60万名黑人工人(占黑人劳动力的10%)自称从事“制造业和机械制造业”，这是联邦人口普查涵盖整个工业部门的数据。”确定联邦政府在1910年做了一次人口普查。D选项正确。其他三项均未在文中提到。

2.推理判断题。文章第二段末尾提到南方恶劣的务工条件致使很多有工作的人迁徙到北方。C选项‘拥有稳定工作的人不太可能有理由搬到美国的另一个地区’与之相矛盾。所以C选项符合题意。在文章第二段开头作者提到，人们从来没有真正调查过究竟是些什么人迁徙出了南方，也没有人知道在“大移民”之前的移民潮中是否也有人迁徙到北方一些城市。因此，A、B排除。很显然，制造业和机械业不能包含整个工业领域。所以D项排除。

3.细节判断题。根据文中最后一段“Afterthebollweevilinfestation,urbanBlackworkersfacedcompetitionfromthecontinuinginfluxofbothBlackandWhiteruralworkers,whoweredriventoundercutthewagesformerlypaidforindustrialfobs在棉铃象鼻虫泛滥之后，城市黑人工人面临着来自持续涌入的黑人和白人农村工人的竞争，他们被迫降低了以前为工厂工人支付的工资”。确定A选项‘由于竞争加剧，它们的工资被压低了‘符合题意。

4.细节判断题。题目的意思是‘作者引用了以下尽可能在北方黑人工人决定迁移的影响在大迁移除外…….‘，D选项‘选举权’并未在文章中提到，符合题意。

5.推理判断题。题目意思是‘从文章中可以推断，最后一段第16行提到的“easyconclusion”是基于以下哪一个假设?’题目中“easyconclusion”指黑人迁徙到北方之后引起的经济问题和他们的农村出身有关。文章第一段最后提到来自农村的工人对城市生活不习惯和缺乏必要的技能可能会对北方的经济流动性产生影响。最后一段末尾作者指出“amovenorthwouldbeseenasadvantageoustoagroupthatwasalreadyurbanizedandsteadilyemployed向北搬迁将被视为对一个已经城市化、就业稳定的群体有利”。结合这两处，可以得出C选项‘与城市背景的人相比，农村背景的人在城市获得经济成功的可能性更小。’符合题意。

6.观点态度题。本文第一段对“大移民”进行了简单的描述，并引出了为众人所接受的结论，即黑人迁徙到北方之后引起的经济问题和他们的农村出身有关。接下来作者开始反驳。第二段指出究竟是些什么人以及在大移民之前是否有人已经迁徙到北方都无人考究。最后一段指出移居到北方的黑人中，有35%的人是技能型工人，而另外的65%的人从事于新兴产业，他们都已经变得更加城市化。最后总结对于一些已经适应城市生活和能容易找到工作的人来说，他们迁徙到北方将是有利的，并提出黑人迁徙到北方之后引起的经济问题和他们的农村出身有关是有待考究的。本文的写作目的是D选项“对广为接受的结论提出挑战”。

7.事实细节题。根据文章第三段“theycouldearnmoreevenasunskilledworkersintheNorththantheycouldasartisansintheSouth.即使是北方的非技术工人，他们也能比南方的工匠挣得更多”。因此可以得知工资最高的应该是ArtisansintheNorth,其次是unskilledworkersintheNorth,然后是artisansintheSouth,最后是unskilledworkersintheNorth.所以C选项符合题意。

8.主旨大意题。本文主要是反驳黑人迁徙到北方之后引起的经济问题和他们的农村出身有关这样一个结论。大篇幅阐述了大移民运动后北方经济问题产生的原因。因此A选项‘参与大迁移的人后来经济困难的原因’符合题意。

2.单选题

Ihearmanyparentscomplainingthattheirteenagechildrenarerebelling.Iwishitwereso.Atyourageyououghttobegrowingawayfromyourparents.Youshouldbelearningtostandonyourowntwofeet.Buttakeagoodlookatthepresentrebellion.Itseemsthatteenagersarealltakingthesamewayofshowingthattheydisagreewiththeirparents.Insteadofstrikingoutboldlyontheirown,mostofthemareclutchingatoneanother’shandsforcourage.

Theyclaimtheywanttodressastheyplease.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirectionsinmusic.Butsomehowtheyallendupjustbylisteningtothesamerecord.Theirreasonforthinkingoractinginthiswayisthatthecrowdisdoingit.

Ithasbecomeharderandharderforateenagertostandupagainstthepopularitywaveandtogohisorherownway.Industryhasfirmlycarvedoutateenagemarket.Thesedayseveryteenagercanlearnfromtheadvertisementwhatateenagershouldhaveandbe.Andmanyoftoday’sparentshavecometoawardhighmarksforthepopularityoftheirchildren.Allthisaddsuptoagreaterbarrierforthe

teenagerwhowantstofindhisorherownpath.

Butthebarrierisworthclimbingover.Thepathisworthfollowing.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusicinsteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecords.Youmayhavesomethoughtsthatyoudon’tcaretoshareatoncewithyourclassmates.Well,gotoit.Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhomyouare.That’stheonlykindofpopularitythatreallycounts.

1.Themainpurposeofthispassageistotell（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,manyteenagersthinktheyarebraveenoughtobethemselves,but,infact,mostofthem（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.Theauthorthinksofadvertisementsas（）.

5.Duringtheteenageyears,oneshouldlearnto（）.

问题1选项

A.readershowtobepopularwithpeoplearound

B.teenagershowtolearntodecidethingsforthemselves

C.parentshowtocontrolandguidetheirchildren

D.peoplehowtounderstandandrespecteachother

问题2选项

A.havemuchdifficultyunderstandingeachother

B.lackconfidence

C.darenotcopewithproblemssingle-handed

D.areverymuchafraidofgettinglost

问题3选项

A.Thereisnopopularitythatreallycounts.

B.Whatmanyparentsaredoingisinfacthinderingtheirchildrenfromfindingtheirownpaths.

C.Itisnotnecessarilybadforateenagertodisagreewithhisorherclassmates.

D.Mostteenagersarenotactuallyrebelling.

问题4选项

A.original

B.influential

C.detrimental

D.authoritative

问题5选项

A.differfromothersinasmanywaysaspossible

B.getintotherightseasonandbecomepopular

C.findone’srealself

D.rebelagainstparentsandthepopularitywave

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨归纳题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要是鼓励青少年独立自主，选项B最能概括全文。

2.细节推理题。根据第一段最后一句“Insteadofstrikingoutboldlyontheirown,mostofthemareclutchingatoneanother’shandsforcourage.”他们中的大多数人并没有勇气自己走出去，而是紧紧抓住彼此的手寻求勇气。选项C符合原文。

3.细节判断题。根据本文的最后两句“Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhomyouare.That’stheonlykindofpopularitythatreallycounts.”可知选项A错误。

4.细节推理题。根据关键词“advertisements”定位到第三段第三句“Thesedayseveryteenagercanlearnfromtheadvertisementwhatateenagershouldhaveandbe.”现在每个青少年都可以从广告中学到一个青少年应该拥有什么和成为什么。所以作者认为广告对青少年的影响是相当大的。选项B正确。detrimental不利的，有害的。

5.细节推断题。根据最后一段“Well,gotoit.Findyourself.Beyourself.”可知作者是鼓励青少年找寻真正的自己。选项C符合原文。

3.单选题

Intheseventeenthcentury,peoplebelievedthatmaggotscamefromdecayingthings.ButFrancescoRedi,ascientist,couldnotbelievethis.“Howcouldlivingthingscomefromdealthings?”heasked.Redibegantobelievethatallwormsfoundinthemeatwerederivedfromthedroppingsofflies,andnotfromthedecayingmeat.This,ofcourse,wasaguessandnotaconclusion.Scientistscallagoodguesslikethisa“workinghypothesis”becauseitgivesthescientistanideaofhowandwheretostarthiswork.

ThenRedibegantogatherandrecordfactstofindoutifhishypothesiswascorrect.Hedidthisbycarryingoutmanyexperiments,whichweredesignedtohelphimgetthefactsheneeded.

Redipreparedthreejarswithapieceofmeatineach.Heleftoneopen;anotherwascoveredwithcheesecloth;andthethirdwasairtight.Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes,thatthefliesflewtotheopenjarandlaidtheireggsonthemeat.

Theseeggshatchedintomaggots.Fliesalsoflewtothejarcoveredwithcheesecloth,althoughtheycouldnotgetintothejartolaytheireggsonthemeat.Fliesrarelyflewtotheairtightjar.Frommanysuchobservations,Rediconcludedthatmaggotscamefromflies’eggsandnotfromthemeat.

Rediwasnotsatisfiedwithdoingjustoneexperiment,Rather,heperformedthisexperimentmanytimesbeforearrivingathisconclusion.Inthism“”annerheeliminatedthepossibilitythathisresultswereduetochance(luck).

1.InhisexperimentRedileftonejaropen（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,anessentialpartofproperscientificexperimentalprocedureisto

（

）.

3.WhatwouldscientistRediprobablycommentonthetheorythatlifeonEarthevolvedfrombasicchemicalspresentintheEarth’sprimitiveatmosphereandseas?

4.Accordingtothepassage,thesignificancea“workinghypothesis”isthatit（

）.

问题1选项

A.becausehehadrunoutoflidsandcheesecloth

B.sothattheflieswouldhaveaccesstothemeat

C.accidentally

D.onlyonce

问题2选项

A.watcheverythingthathappenstolivingcreatures

B.ensurethatmanyvarietiesofasubstanceareused

C.varytheexperimentalconditionstoguaranteegoodresults

D.performnumeroustrialstoreducetheintrusionofrandomeffects

问题3选项

A.Thetheorywasver’reasonable.

B.Suchdevelopmentsarehighlyunlikely.

C.Othertheoriesofcreationwerepossible.

D.Moredataisneededtotestthetruthofthishypothesis.

问题4选项

A.givesthe“scientistsomething”toplaywithinhismind

B.providesamodelofthetrueuniverse

C.allowsusefulstructuringofexperiments

D.providesemploymentforscientists

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。定位到第一段：“Redibegantobelievethatallwormsfoundinthemeatwerederivedfromthedroppingsofflies,andnotfromthedecayingmeat.及第三段“Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes,thatthefliesflewtotheopenjarandlaidtheireggsonthemeat.”Redi开始相信所有在肉中发现的蠕虫都来自苍蝇的粪便，而不是腐烂的肉。他不止一次，而是很多次地观察到苍蝇飞到打开的罐子里，在肉上产卵。”与B项相符。

2.判断推理题。由第三段：Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes可知D项“进行多次尝试来减少随机效应”正确。A项“观察所有发生在生物身上的事情”；B项“确保使用多种物质”；C项“改变实验条件，保证实验结果良好”；D项“进行大量试验以减少随机效应的干扰”。

3.判断推理题。由“ThenRedibegantogatherandrecordfactstofindoutifhishypothesiswascorrect.Hedidthisbycarryingoutmanyexperiments,whichweredesignedtohelphimgetthefactsheneeded.以及Rediwasnotsatisfiedwithdoingjustoneexperiment,Rather,heperformedthisexperimentmanytimesbeforearrivingathisconclusion.Inthismannerheeliminatedthepossibilitythathisresultswereduetochance(luck).然后，雷迪开始收集和记录事实，以确定他的假设是否正确。他做了许多实验，目的是帮助他得到他所需要的事实。以及雷迪并不满足于做一个实验，相反，他执行这个实验多次到达他的结论。他用这种方法消除了他的结果是由于偶然（运气）的可能性。”可知Redi是一个注重过程，注重事实的科学家。故答案为D。

4.判断推理题。由第一段“Scientistscallagoodguesslikethisa“workinghypothesis”becauseitgivesthescientistanideaofhowandwheretostarthiswork.科学家们称这样的猜测为“有效假说”，因为它让科学家知道如何以及从哪里开始工作。”可知A项“有效假说让科学家知道该如何开始工作”符合题意。

4.单选题

Myshoulderhurt（）eachtimeIputanotherfullbarrelonit,andmylegsoccasionallytrembledasIwasheadingtothestreet.

问题1选项

A.wickedly

B.typically

C.ultimately

D.vainly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。wickedly“恶劣地，居心叵测的”；typically“代表性地，作为特色地”；ultimately“最后，根本”；vainly“徒劳地，无益地”。句意：每次我把装满东西的桶放我肩上时，我的肩膀就疼得厉害，当我走向街头时，我的腿也是不是打颤。能修饰hurt的只有wickedly。故A项正确。

5.单选题

Duringthenineteenyearsofhiscareer,FranceBattiatehaswonthe（）ofawideaudienceoutsideItaly.

问题1选项

A.enjoyment

B.appreciation

C.evaluation

D.reputation

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析。句意：在他19年的职业生涯中，FranceBattiate赢得了意大利以外的大量观众的。

enjoyment享受；appreciation欣赏；evaluation评价；reputation名誉。因此，B项符合句意。

6.单选题

Whatweconsideraluxuryatonetimefrequentlybecomesa（

）,manyfamiliesfindthatownershipoftwocarsisindispensable.

问题1选项

A.fashion

B.necessity

C.proclivity

D.nuisance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fashion“时尚；时装；样式”；necessity“需要；必需品”；proclivity“倾向；癖性”；nuisance“讨厌的人；损害”。句意：我们曾经认为的奢侈品频繁地成为了必需品，很多家庭发现拥有两辆车是很有必要的。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

Forcenturiescoalhasbeenoneofthemostimportantfuels,anditstillis,althoughitislessimportantnowthanitoncewas.Otherfuels,notablypetroleumandnaturalgas,arereplacingit.Butcoalisstillwidelyusedfordomesticheatingandinpowerstationsforgeneratingelectricity.Enormousquantitiesofcoalaremadeintogas,andforuseinmetal-smeltingfurnaces,andelsewhere.Andcoalprovidesvaluablerawmaterialsforthechemicalindustry,too.Buthereagain,petroleumandnaturalgasaresupplantingcoal.

Weminecoalfromtheground,justasweminemineralsandores.Thedepositsmaylieonorjustbelowthesurfaceordeepunderground.Itisincoal-miningthatthegreatestadvancesinminingmethodshavetakenplace.Continuousminingmachineshewthecoalfromthecoalface,whereoncetheminersslaved.Lengthyconveyorsystemsconveyawaythehewcoal.Dieselandbatterylocomotiveshaulwagonsalongmilesofundergroundtunnels.

Wetendtocallcoalamineral,too.Butthereisagreatdifferencebetweencoaland,say,ironore.Ironoreisinorganicinorigin,beingformedasaresultofinorganic,ornon-livingprocessesinsidetheEarth'scrust.Coal,ontheotherhand,isorganicinorigin,beingderivedfromplantswhichoncelivedonthesurface.Itconsistsmainlyofcarbon.Theactualproportionofcarbonvariesfromonetypeofcoaltoanother.

MostofthecoalintheworldisderivedfromplantsthatgrewintheCarboniferousPeriodoftheEarth'shistory,whichlastedfromabout350milliontoabout280millionyearsago.DuringthisperiodwholeregionsoftheEarthwerecoveredinswamps,inwhichlivedgiganticfernsandtrees.Theplantsdiedandfellintotheswamps.Bacteriaacteduponthedeadvegetablematterandcausedittodecay.Astimewenton,thedecomposingvegetablematterbecamecoveredwithmudandclay,andthenmoreplantsgrew,died,decayed,andsoon.Inplaceslayeruponlayerofdecayedplantremainsbuiltup,sandwichedbetweenmudandclaysediments.IntimetheEarth'scrustfoldedthiswayandthat;heatandpressurechangedthesedimentsintorockandforcedoutmostofthewaterfromthedecayedmatter,whichchangedintocoal.Thuswerethecoalmeasuresformed.

Notallthecoalwassubjectedtothesamedegreesofheatandpressure.Thereforetherearedifferentkindsofcoals.Peatisnotreallyatruecoal,butitrepresentsthefirstdecompositionstageinthecoal-formingprocess.Lignite,orbrowncoal,representsafurtherstateintheprocess.Itcontainsalittlelessmoisture,andsomewhatmorecarbonthanpeat.Nextthereisbituminousorsoftcoal,themostplentifulofthecoals.Ithasahighcarboncontentandcontainslittlemoisture.Thefinalproductofthecoal-makingprocessisanthracite,orhardcoal,whichisovernine-tenthscarbonandcontainsscarcelyanymoistureatall.

1.Theword"supplanting"inline6ofparagraph1mostprobablymeans（）.

2.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout（）.

3.What'sthedifferencebetweencoalandironore?

4.Fromthepassage,weknowthat（）.

5.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

6.Paragraph4dealswith（）.

7.Accordingtothepassage,thereare（）typesofcoal.

问题1选项

A.supplementing

B.supplying

C.replacing

D.providing

问题2选项

A.differencebetweencoalandironore

B.thedepositofcoal

C.miningmachine

D.generatingelectricity

问题3选项

A.Theyaredifferentinorigin

B.Theyaredifferentinappearance.

C.Theyaredifferentincolon

D.Theyaredifferentinminingmethods

问题4选项

A.coalisjustusedfordomesticheating.

B.ironoreisorganic.

C.bothcoalandironoreareimportantfuels.

D.coalislessimportantthanitoncewas.

问题5选项

A.Theapplicationsofcoal

B.Theapplicationsandformationofcoal.

C.Classificationofcoal.

D.Coalislessimportantthanitoncewas.

问题6选项

A.theprocessofcoalformation

B.thechangesofcoal

C.theclassificationofcoal

D.thecarbonincoal

问题7选项

A.4

B.6

C.8

D.10

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:A

【解析】1.根据原文句意可知,石油和天然气正在取代煤炭。supplementing补；supplying供应,充；replacing更换,替代；providing提供。选项C与之意思相近,所以正确。

2.根据第二段的内容可知,本段主要是讲开采煤矿的过程,其中重点描述的是开采器械,所以选项C正确。

3.根据第三段的内容可知,煤和铁矿有很大的区别。铁矿的来源是无机的,是地壳内部无机或无生命的过程。煤的来源是有机的,来自曾经生活在地表的植物。由此可知,它们的来源不同,选项A正确。

4.根据第一段第一句“itislessimportantnowthanitoncewas.”可知选D符合原文；选项A和B表述错误；选项C在文中没有提及。所以本题选D。

5.结合全文内容可知,本文主要是讲煤炭的应用与形成。选项B最能概括全文。

6.第四段最后一句“Thuswerethecoalmeasuresformed.”为本段的中心句,本段主要是讲煤的形成过程,选项A正确。

7.根据原文最后一段可知,煤有四种：peat,lignite（browncoal）,bituminous（softcoal）,anthracite（hardcoal）,注意连词“or”的使用就能快速找出答案,选项A正确。

8.单选题

Theywereabroadduringthemonthwhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey______toourhelp

问题1选项

A.wouldhavecome

B.couldcome

C.havecome

D.hadcome

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气中的条件从句有时不直接表达出来，而是通过or等连词来表达，这种句子叫作含蓄条件句。根据主语谓语动词were推断，动作在过去已经发生，or后面的句子是对过去的假设，所以动词应该用wouldhavecome，故A项符合。句意：我们进行调查的那个月他们在国外，否则他们会来帮助我们的。因此，该题选择A项正确。

9.单选题

JamesHenrySmithwasa_______ManchesterUnitedfaninlife,andevendeathcouldnotkeephimfromhisfavoritespotinarecliner,infrontofaTVshowinghisbelovedteaminaction.

问题1选项

A.zealous

B.gigantic

C.convertible

D.imperial

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项“zealous”意为“热心的，热情的，积极的”；B选项“gigantic”意为“巨大的，庞大的”；C选项“convertible”意为“可改变的；同意义的；可交换的”；D选项“imperial”意为“帝国的；皇帝的；至高无上的；威严的”。句意：詹姆斯•亨利•史密斯生前是一个狂热的曼联球迷，即使是死亡也无法阻止他坐在躺椅上，在电视机前观看他心爱的球队的比赛。由题干可知，即使是死亡也无法阻止他观看心爱球队的比赛，这说明他是个非常狂热的球迷。因此A选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Thesecontinual（）intemperaturemakeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear.

问题1选项

A.alterations

B.vibrations

C.waves

D.fluctuations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。选项alteration“修改，改变；变更”；vibration“振动；振荡；颤抖”；wave“波浪；挥手示意”；fluctuation“起伏，浮动；动荡；动摇”。句意：温度上的这些持续起伏让人无法决定穿什么衣服。根据句中“makeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear让人无法决定穿什么衣服”可知“起伏”符合语境，因此D选项正确。

11.单选题

The[A]seasonchangesofweather[B]causecolorchangesinthe[C]leavesof[D]deciduoustrees.

问题1选项

A.season

B.cause

C.leavesof

D.deciduous

【答案】A

【解析】【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】changes是名词，前面应该用形容词作定语来修饰，而season也是名词，所以要改为seasonal，seasonalchange表示“季节性变化”。该题选择A项。

【句意】天气的季节性变化导致落叶树木的叶子颜色变化。

12.单选题

The（

）theyfeltforeachotherwasobvioustoeveryonewhosawthem.

问题1选项

A.affection

B.adherence

C.sensibility

D.sensitivity

【答案】A

【解析】句意:每个看到他们的人都能看出他们互相之间的喜爱之情。

名词辨析。Affection喜爱,钟爱;adherence坚持，遵守;sensibility敏感;sensitivity体贴，体恤。故A符合句意。

13.单选题

Technically,anysubstanceotherthanfoodthataltersourbodilyormentalfunctioningisadrug.Manypeople（1）believethetermdrugrefersonlytosomesortofmedicineoranillegalchemical（2）bydrug（3）.Theydon’trealizethatfamiliarsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccoarealsodrugs.Thisis（4）themoreneutraltermsubstanceabuseisnowusedbymanyphysiciansandpsychologists.Thephrase“substanceabuse”isoftenused（5）“drugabuse”to（6）thatsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccocanbejustasharmfully（7）asheroinandcocaine.

Weliveinasocietyinwhichthemedicinalandsocialuseofsubstances(drugs)is（8）:anaspirintoquietaheadache,somewinetobe（9）,coffeetogetgoinginthemorning,acigaretteforthenerves.Whendothesesociallyacceptableandapparentlyconstructiveusesofasubstancebecomemisuses?Firstofall,mostsubstancestakenin（10）willproduce（11）effectssuchaspoisoningorintenseperceptual（12）.Repeateduseofasubstancecanalsoleadtophysicaladdictionorsubstancedependence.Dependenceismarkedfirstbyanincreased（13）,withmoreandmoreofthesubstance（14）toproducethedesiredeffect,andthenbytheappearanceofunpleasan（15）symptomswhenthesubstanceisdiscontinued.

Drugs(substances)that（16）thecentralnervoussystemand（17）perception,moodandbehaviorareknownaspsychoactivesubstances.Psychoactivesubstancesarecommonlygroupedaccordingtowhethertheyarestimulants,depressants,orhallucinogens.Stimulantsinitiallyspeeduporactivatethecentralnervoussystem,（18）depressantsslowitdown.Hallucinogenshavetheir（19）effectonperception,distortingandalteringitinavarietyofwaysincludingproducinghallucinations.Thesearethesubstancesoftencalledpsychedelic(fromtheGreekwordmeaning“mind-manifestation”)becausetheyseemedto（20）alterone’sstateofconsciousness.

问题1选项

A.seldom

B.always

C.mistakenly

D.rarely

问题2选项

A.made

B.taken

C.drunk

D.eaten

问题3选项

A.users

B.addicts

C.misuses

D.eaters

问题4选项

A.when

B.forwhich

C.that

D.why

问题5选项

A.than

B.morethan

C.lessthan

D.insteadof

问题6选项

A.ensure

B.sure

C.assure

D.insurer

问题7选项

A.misused

B.used

C.misuse

D.user

问题8选项

A.perverse

B.perspicuous

C.pervasive

D.perspicacious

问题9选项

A.sociable

B.affable

C.cordial

D.social

问题10选项

A.access

B.excess

C.redundancy

D.quantity

问题11选项

A.positive

B.good

C.neutral

D.negative

问题12选项

A.distortions

B.deformation

C.distraction

D.distress

问题13选项

A.tolerance

B.intolerance

C.toleration

D.endurance

问题14选项

A.requiring

B.beingrequired

C.required

D.havingbeenrequired

问题15选项

A.withdrawal

B.retraction

C.revocation

D.annulment

问题16选项

A.effect

B.influence

C.affect

D.impact

问题17选项

A.change

B.influence

C.switch

D.transform

问题18选项

A.and

B.or

C.meanwhile

D.whereas

问题19选项

A.primary

B.primal

C.major

D.prior

问题20选项

A.radically

B.drastically

C.radiantly

D.dramatically

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:C

第7题:A

第8题:C

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:D

第12题:A

第13题:A

第14题:C

第15题:A

第16题:C

第17题:A

第18题:D

第19题:A

第20题:A

【解析】第1题:考查副词辨析。seldom很少；always总是；常常；mistakenly错误地；曲解地；rarely很少地；难得；罕有地。该处句意为:很多人错误地认为毒品…。故选C。

第2题:考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式。空格前为somesortofmedicineoranillegalchemical(一些种