考研考博-英语-昌吉职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-昌吉职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.翻译题

Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessandwhatitcandoforusnowthanformerly.Summerhomes，Europeanvacations,travel,BMW's—suchitemsdonotseemlessindemandthantheydidadecadeortwoyearsago.Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotadmittheirdreamsaseasilyandopenlyastheyoncecould,lesttheybethoughtofaspushing,acquisitive,andvulgar.Forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsooutstanding,theproperactionseemstobe,“Succeedatallcostsbutrefrainfromappearingambitious.”Theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles,whileitspublicdefendersarefewandineffective.Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthyimpulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandcultivatedintheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeenintheUnitedStates.Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitsurges,butonlythatsinceitisnolongeropenlyhonored,itisthereforelessoftenopenlyprofessed.Consequencesfollowfromthis,ofcourse,someofwhicharethatambitionisdrivenundergroundormadedevious.

【答案】当然，相比于从前，人们对于成功以及成功给我们带来的东西兴趣似乎不会减少。人们对避暑别墅、欧洲旅行、旅游、宝马这类事物的需求相比一二十年前似乎也没有减少。情况是人们现在不敢简单公开地像以前那样承认自己的梦想，怕被认为是急功近利、贪得无厌和庸俗的人。对于这样的人，或许还有很多不那么优秀的人，正确的做法是：不惜一切代价取得成功，但是要避免变得野心勃勃。人们从各个角度对野心有很多批评，但是公开批评者很少，并且显得很无力。因此，在美国，将雄心看作是一种健康的动力，一种可敬的从年轻就开始培养了的品质，这很少有人支持。这并不意味着雄心已经没有了，也不意味着人们不再感受到雄心带来的驱动力，相反地，因为不再公开推崇，那么也不会公开宣扬了。这样做带来的结果是，雄心以一种私下看不见的方式驱动着人们。

2.单选题

Thedefinitionofaestheticpleasureisapopularsubjectformanydifferentfields.Inthefollowing,adaptedfromanarticlefoundinasciencejournal,aphysicistdiscussestheuniqueperspectivethathisdisciplineallowshim.

Sincetimeimmemorial,countlessscholarshaveaskedthequestion:Whatisbeauty?Asphilosophersengageinweightydiscourses,designersupdatethelatestfashions,andartistscreatetheirmasterpieces,whatisconsideredbeautifulchangesatanalarmingpace.Fiftyyearsago,thefull-figuredMarilynMonroeembodiedtheAmericanaestheticvalue;today,alegionofHollywoodactressesvastlydifferentinappearancefromMarilyn’shavetakenherplace.However,aestheticvaluesnotonlydifferfromgenerationtogeneration,butdosoalongculturallinesaswell.TheconventionsthatgovernpaintingandmusicvarygreatlyfromEasttoWest.Often,whatisconsideredrepellenttooncivilizationisthepinnacleofaestheticappealinanother.Thus,whenlefttothesphereofhumandesign,thesearchforanabsolutedefinitionofbeautyremainsanelusiveoneatbest.

Asfundamentalphysicists,mycolleaguesandIliketobelievethatweareinvolvedinasearchforabeautythatdoesnotremainimpervioustodefinition.Thebeautythatwesearchforisnotthatwhichislaiddownthroughtheworkofpeopleandsubjecttoephemeraltastes,butratherthatwhichhasbeenestablishedbyNature.Thosenotinvolvedwithphysicstendtothinkofitasapreciseandpredictivescience—certainlynotafieldofstudyfitforthecontemplationofthebeautiful.Yetoneofphysics’greatestgiftsisthatitallowsitsstudentstolookpastextrinsicappearances,intoamoreoverwhelmingbeauty.Asahumanbeing,Iamcaptivatedbythevisualappealofawavecrashingonthebeach.Asaphysicisthowever,Ipossesstheabilitytobecaptivatedbythemuchdeeperbeautyofthephysicallawsthatgovernsuchaphenomenon.Wherethenon-physicistseesalovelybutinexplicableevent,thewell-schooledphysicistisabletoperceiveabrilliantdesign.

Intruth,sincethedaythatAlbertEinsteinfirstproposedthenotionthattheremightbeoneoverarchingphysicaltheorythatgovernstheuniverse,aestheticshavebecomeadrivingforceinmodernphysics.WhatEinsteinandwe,ashisintellectualdescendants,havediscoveredisthis:Nature,asitsmostfundamentallevel,isbeautifullyconstructed.Theremarkablesimplicityofthelawsthatgovernstheuniverseis,attimes,nothingshortofbreath-taking.Andateverystep,asnewdiscoveriesandtechnologiesallowustoexaminethephysicalworldondeeperanddeeperlevels,wefindthatthebeautyitselfbecomesmoreprofound.AsEinsteinhimselfsaid,itwouldseemmorelikelythatweshouldfindourselveslivinga“chaoticworld,innowaygraspablethroughthinking.”Yethereweare,closerthanevertoafullunderstandingoftheuniverse’sbeautifulclockwork.

31.Thereferenceto“MarilynMonroe”inParagraph1primarilyservesto______.

32.Theauthor’sassertioninParagraph1(“whatisconsideredrepellent…inanother”)suggeststhat______.

33.AsusedinParagraph2,thephrase“laiddown”mostnearlymeans______.

34.Theauthorusesthewords“ephemeral”and“Nature”(Paragraph2)inorderto______.

35.Inthecourseofoutliningthevariousgiftsofphysics,theauthorcitesallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.

问题1选项

A.provideanexampleoftoday’sstandardsofbeauty

B.discussherabilitiesasanactress

C.demonstratehowsusceptibleaestheticsaretochange

D.comparetraditionsofEastandWest

问题2选项

A.culturesarenaturallydestinedtoclash

B.manycivilizationsarepronetodisgustingbehavior

C.individualstendtodisagreeonwhattheyfindbeautiful

D.itisnearlyimpossibletosaywhatistrulybeautiful

问题3选项

A.created

B.rested

C.slept

D.secured

问题4选项

A.contrasttheconceptofimpermanentbeautywiththebeautyforwhichphysicssearches

B.evaluatetheeffectivenessofphysicsasanartform

C.discusshowphysicistsvisualizebeauty

D.criticizepeoplewhodon’tunderstandphysics

问题5选项

A.theabilitytolookforabeautythatisunchanging

B.appreciatingthevisualbeautyofawavecrashing

C.agreatercomprehensionofNature’sways

D.seeingadeeperdesigninnaturalevents

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】31.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“第一段中提到的玛丽莲梦露主要是用来……”。定位到第一段第三句Fiftyyearsago,thefull-figuredMarilynMonroeembodiedtheAmericanaestheticvalue;Today,alegionofHollywoodactressesvastlydifferentinappearancefromMarilyn’shavetakenherplace.（50年前，丰满的玛丽莲梦露体现了美国人的审美价值；如今，一群外貌与玛丽莲大相径庭的好莱坞女演员取代了她的位置），结合前一句whatisconsideredbeautifulchangesatanalarmingpace（被认为是美的东西在以惊人的速度变化）可知，第一段提到玛丽莲梦露是用来举例说明美的变化，C项“说明美学是如何变化的”正确。A项“提供一个今天的审美标准的例子”为反向干扰，玛丽莲梦露是50年前的审美标准。B项“讨论她作为演员的能力”和D项“比较东方和西方的传统”没提到，属于无中生有。因此，该题选择C项。

32.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“作者在第1段的断言‘whatisconsideredrepellent…inanother’表明……”。定位到第一段倒数第二句Often,whatisconsideredrepellenttooncivilizationisthepinnacleofaestheticappealinanother.（通常，在文明上被认为是排斥的东西是另一个文明的审美情趣的顶峰），根据下一句Thus,whenlefttothesphereofhumandesign,thesearchforanabsolutedefinitionofbeautyremainsanelusiveoneatbest.（因此，在人类设计领域，对美的绝对定义的探索充其量也是难以捉摸的）可知，在不同的文明中审美标准不同，所以对美的定义很难确定，由thus可知，这一句是作者在第一段的断言的结论，故D项“几乎不可能说出什么是真正的美丽”正确。A项“文化冲突是天生的”属于无中生有，文中没有提到文化冲突。B项“许多文明都倾向于令人作呕的行为”曲解原文，文中只是提到在一个文明中排斥的东西在另一个文明中是审美顶峰，并没有说这就是一种令人作呕的行为。C项“每个人对他们认为美丽的事物往往意见不一”属于无中生有，在这里并没有提到个人对美丽事物的不同意见。因此，该题选择D项。

33.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】语义推测题。题干意思是“正如第2段中使用的，短语laiddown最可能的意思是……”。定位第二段第二句Thebeautythatwesearchforisnotthatwhichislaiddownthroughtheworkofpeopleandsubjecttoephemeraltastes,butratherthatwhichhasbeenestablishedbyNature.（我们所寻找的美，不是那些通过人们的工作而laiddown的美，也不是那些一时的趣味所支配的美，而是那些由自然形成的美），which引导的定语从句中用到了not…but…句型，but后面用到的动词是establish，所以not后面的laiddown的意思应该与之相近，故A项“创造”正确。B项“休息”、C项“睡觉”和D项“保护”都不符合。因此，该题选择A项。

34.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者在第2段使用ephemeral和Nature是为了……”。定位第二段第二句Thebeautythatwesearchforisnotthatwhichislaiddownthroughtheworkofpeopleandsubjecttoephemeraltastes,butratherthatwhichhasbeenestablishedbyNature.（我们所寻找的美，不是那些通过人们的工作而建立起来的美，也不是那些一时的趣味所支配的美，而是那些由自然形成的美）可知，物理学家探索的美是自然形成的，而不是短暂趣味所支配的；所以可推断，作者用ephemeral和nature是为了将短暂的美和物理学所寻找的自然美作对比，ephemeral相当于impermanent，故A项“将无常之美与物理学所追求的美进行对比”符合题意。B项“评估物理作为一种艺术形式的有效性”，文中并没有提到物理是一种艺术形式，该项无中生有。C项“讨论物理学家如何形象化美”在该处也没有体现，属于无中生有。D项“批评不懂物理的人”属于曲解原文，作者并没有描述批评性的语言。因此，该题选择A项。

35.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“在概述物理学的各种天赋的过程中，作者引用了除了……以外的所有内容”。定位到第二段Yetoneofphysics’greatestgiftsisthatitallowsitsstudentstolookpastextrinsicappearances,intoamoreoverwhelmingbeauty.Asahumanbeing,Iamcaptivatedbythevisualappealofawavecrashingonthebeach.Asaphysicisthowever,Ipossesstheabilitytobecaptivatedbythemuchdeeperbeautyofthephysicallawsthatgovernsuchaphenomenon.Wherethenon-physicistseesalovelybutinexplicableevent,thewell-schooledphysicistisabletoperceiveabrilliantdesign.（然而，物理学最伟大的天赋之一，就是它允许学生们去看过去的外在表象，进入一种更为压倒性的美。作为一个人，我被海浪冲击海滩的视觉吸引力所吸引。然而，作为一名物理学家，我有能力被支配这种现象的物理定律的更深层的美所吸引。当非物理学家看到一个可爱但无法解释的事件时，受过良好教育的物理学家能够感知到一个出色的设计。）可知，在概述物理学天赋中，B项“欣赏海浪撞击的视觉美感”、C项“对自然的方式有更大的理解”和D项“在自然事件中看到更深层次的设计”都有被引用到。而这一段中，并没有提到过unchanging的事物，A项“寻找永恒之美的能力”有出入，属于无中生有。因此，该题选择A项。

3.单选题

ProfessorSmith’snewinventionhascreatedagreat______onthecampus.

问题1选项

A.sensation

B.selection

C.imitation

D.irrigation

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A项sensation“感觉，轰动”，B项selection“选择，挑选”，C项imitation“模仿，仿造”，D项irrigation“灌溉”。根据句子关键词newinvention“新发明”可知，空格处填入A项符合语境。句意：史密斯教授的新发明在校园里引起了很大的轰动。因此，该题选择A项正确。

4.单选题

Pallphonedthatbecauseofanemergencyhehadto____ourappointment.

问题1选项

A.callforth

B.calldown

C.callfor

D.calloff

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.callforth引起（某物）行动或存在B.calldown招致

C.callfor要求；需要D.calloff取消

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】前文内容为“因为紧急情况”，空格处所在部分内容为“他不得不____我们的约会”，根据句意可得，因为紧急情况的出现，他和我们的约会不得不取消比较符合逻辑。因此，D选项calloff“取消”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】Pall打电话说，因为有紧急情况他不得不取消我们的约会。

5.单选题

Tomcomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages（

）fromthedictionary.

问题1选项

A.losing

B.lost

C.missing

D.missed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:汤姆向书商抱怨这本字典缺了几页。

语法题。考查后置定语。分析题干跟选项可知空格处为动词的现在分词形式作后置定语修饰severalpages,表示“丢失了的”。四个选项中,losing失败的,使受损失的;lost失去的,丧失的,迷路的。这两项一般不放在被修饰词后作定语。Missing丢失的,下落不明的。Missed感到思念的。因此C符合句意。

6.单选题

Hisphysicalandemotional（）toOxfordandtoMississippi,tothelandandtothepeoplethatshapedhim,wasatthecoreofhisbeing.

问题1选项

A.personality

B.character

C.fidelity

D.morality

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析。句意：全身心的（）是他的全部：无论是对牛津和密西西比，还是对那片土地和那些塑造他的人。personality个性；character性格；fidelity忠诚；morality道德。故选C。

7.单选题

ResalepriceMaintenanceisthenameusedwhenaretaileriscompelledtosellatapricefixedbythemanufacturerinsteadofchoosingforhimselfhowmuchtoaddontothewholesalepricehepaysforhissupplies.Thispracticeisassociatedwiththesaleof“branded”goods,whichnowformaveryconsiderableproportionofconsumers’purchases,andithasledtoagreatdealofcontroversy.

Generallysucharticlesarepackedandadvertisedbythemanufacturers,whotrytocreateaspecial“image”inthemindsofpossiblepurchasers—animagemadeupofdielookofthearticle,itsuse,itspriceandeverythingelsewhichmightleadpurchaserstoaskforthatbrandratherthananyother.Ifaretailerisallowedtochoiceanypricehelikeshemayfinditworthwhiletosellonebrandat“cut”priceseventhoughthisinvolvesaloss,becausehehopestoattractcustomerstotheshopwheretheymaybepersuadedtobuymanyothertypesofgoodsathigherprices.Themanufacturerofthebrandthathasbeen“cut”fearsthattheretailermaybetemptedtoreducetheservicesonthisarticle;butevenifhedoesnotthereisadanger;thatthecustomerbecomesunsettled,andisunwillingtopaythe“standard”priceofthearticlebecausehefeelsthatheisbeing“done”.Thismay,andindeedoftendoes,affectthereputationofthemanufacturerandlosehimhismarketinthelongrun.

Itissometimessaidalsothatthehousewife—whoistheprincipalbuyerofmostofthesegoods—prefersafixedpricebecausesheknowswheresheisandissavedthebotherofgoingfromshoptoshopinsearchoflowerprices.Ifoneshopcutallthepricesofitsbandedgoodsshewouldundoubtedlyhaveanadvantageinshoppingthere.Butthisdoesnothappen.Astoreusuallythepriceofoneortwoofitsarticleswhichactasadecoyandmakesupitslossesonothers,andchangesthecut-pricearticlesfromweektoweeksoastoattractdifferentgroupsofcustomers.Andsothehousewifemayfeelratherguiltyifshedoesnotspendtimetrackingdownthecheapergoods.Howfarthisistrueisamatteroftemperamentanditisimpossibletoestimatewhatproportionifpurchaserspreferapricethattheycanrelyonwherevertheychoosetobuyandwhatproportionenjoythechallengeinvolvedinfindingthestorethatoffersthemabargain.

ThosewhoopposeResalePriceMaintenance,ontheotherhand,pointoutthattherearenowagreatmanydifferentchannelsofdistribution—chainstores,departmentstores,cooperativestores,independentorunitshops,supermarkets,mail-orderhouses,andsoon.Itwouldbeabsurdtoassumethatallofthemprice?Iftheywereallowedtochooseforthemselves,themoreefficientretailerswouldsellatlowerpricesandconsumerswouldbenefit.Asitis,theretailpricemustbesufficienttocoverthecostsoftheefficientavenuesofdistributionandthismeanstheothersmakeabiggerprofitthannecessaryattheexpenseofthepublic.Thesupportersofthefixespricearguethatthisisonlyhalfthestory.Theefficienttradercanstillcompetewithoutloweringhisprices.Hecanofferbetterservice—longcredit,orquickdeliveryorapleasantshopdecororhelpfulassistants—andcandothiswithoutimperilingthelong-terminterestsofthemanufacturer.

1.Manufacturersopposeretailerscuttingpricesontheirgoodsmainlybecausetheythink（）.

2.Supportersofthefixedpriceboldthatanefficienttradercanstillmakemoneywithoutloweringpricesby（）.

3.Bysaying“Hefeelsthatheisbeing‘done’,theauthormeansthatcustomerthinks（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEaccordingtothepassage?

5.Thesentence“Sheknowswheresheis"inthethirdparagraphcanbeparaphrasedas（）

问题1选项

A.retailersmayeventuallystopsellingtheirproducts

B.itmayreducecustomersconfidenceintheirproducts

C.customersmayfeeluneasywhenpricesvary

D.itmaysometimesleadtopoorservice

问题2选项

A.allowingcustomerstimetopay

B.hiringassistantsforlonghoursandlowwages

C.advertisingformoreeffectively

D.establishinglong-termrelationswithmanufacturers

问题3选项

A.someoneisdespisinghim

B.someoneismaltreatinghim

C.someoneisblackmailinghim

D.someoneischeatinghim

问题4选项

A.Goodserviceotherthanpriceisimportantinattractingcustomers

B.AnarticlewithoutabrandnameisnotsubjecttoResalePriceMaintenance

C.Manufacturersattempttoinfluencepossiblepurchasersbymakingtheirproductseasytoidentity.

D.Housewivespreferfixedpricesbecausefixedpricesaremuchlesslikelytofluctuate.

问题5选项

A.Sheknowsherplace

B.Sheknowsherstuff

C.Shefeelssecure

D.Shefeelsintoxicated

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章第二段第三句话Themanufacturerofthebrandthathasbeen‘cut’fearsthattheretailermaybetemptedtoreducetheservicesonthisarticle,生产商担心那个商品降价会导致零售商降低对该商品顾客的服务，所以选项D符合题意。

第2题:文章最后一段最后一句话Hecanofferbetterservice—longcredit,orquickdeliveryorapleasantshopdecororhelpfulassistants，零售商为顾客提供更优质的服务，比如延长支付时间，快速送货或者把店面装饰得很漂亮，或者找一些有用的助手，选项A符合题意。

第3题:sb.isbeingdone“某人被欺骗”，所以选项D符合题意。

第4题:文章第一段提到thispracticeisassociatedwiththesaleof“branded”goods，这种做法是跟品牌货物相连的，所以可以推论不是名牌的商品不受固定价格的约束，所以选项B排除；第二段generallysucharticlesarepackedandadvertisedbythemanufacturers,whotrytocreateaspecialimageinthemindsofpossiblepurchasers…，生厂商希望在潜在的顾客心中塑造一个特别的形象，所以选项C排除；第三段itissometimessaidalsothatthehousewifewhoistheprincipalbuyerofmostofthesegoodsprefers…，家庭主妇们会感到安全，避免为了寻找更低的价格从一家商店跑到另一家，所以选项D排除。因此选项A符合题意。

第5题:根据上下文可知家庭主妇喜欢固定的价格是因为这样可以不用在不同商店之间来回比价格，并且还说到如果没有去价格更便宜的商店买东西，她们会感到懊恼，所以可以判断sheknowswheresheis是感到安全的意思。选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Whenthegoinggetstough,realwomenstartcoloring.They’repickingupadultcoloringbooksbythedroves,atbookstoresandcraftstores,onAmazon,comandevenfromtheHomeShoppingNetwork.

Thedesignsappealtoeveryinterestfromwhimsicaldoodle(异想天开的涂鸦)tonaturescenesandfantasyworlds.

Coloringnotonlyevokeshappymemoriesofchildhood;theactcanalsofosterasenseofwell-beingandofferarelaxingrespitefromourdigitalworld.Craftershaveknownthisintuitivelyforyears.

Anaccumulationofresearchshowsthatthesecreativeactivitiescanhelpyoude-stressfromeverydaypressures.Recentstudiessuggestthatstructuredrhythmicendeavorssuchascoloring,knitting,orquiltingareparticularlybeneficialbecausetheyeaseyouintoameditativestateofmindthatallowsyoutopushawaynegativethoughtsandworries.

“Theseactivitiesengageyourhandsaswellasyourmindandyourfocus”,saysarttherapistLacyMucklow,theauthorofseveralbest-sellingcoloringbooks.“Plus,therepetitiveactionsreleaseserotonin(血管收缩素),thebraintransmitterresponsibleforrelaxation.”

Numerousstudieshavelookedintohowcraftingbenefitsmoodandphysicalhealth.Ina2006studyco-sponsoredbytheNationalEndowmentfortheArtsandseveralfederalhealthagencies,researchersfoundthatadults65orolderwhoengagedincreativeactivitiessuchasmakingjewelry,paintingorwritinghadbetteroverallhealth,madefewervisitstothedoctor,usedlessmedicationandhadfewerhealthproblemsthannon-crafters.

StressreductionisatopreasonCathySimocko-smith,59,aprofessionalgardenerinBridgeport，Conn,enjoyscoloring.“ColoringatnightwhileI’mwatchingTVhelpsquietmymind,”shesays.“Icanreallylosemyselfinit,anditstopsmefromthinkingaboutmyworkandthestressesinmylife.”

Coloringisagreatwaytoexploreyourcreativity—it’seasy,inexpensiveandyoudon’thavetoknowhowtodraw.The10to20minutesyouspendcoloringanimagethatgivesyouasenseofsatisfactioncanhaveapositivedominoeffectthroughoutyourday.

13.Itissaidinthepassagethatwomenstartcoloringwhen________.

14.CathySimocko-Smithenjoyscoloringbecause_________.

15.ApersonwhodoescoloringcangetthefollowingbenefitsEXCEPT_________.

16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“respite”(inPara.3)probablymean?

问题1选项

A.thedigitalworldappealstopeople

B.theystillholdontotheirgirlhood

C.thereareeasyaccesstotheactivity

D.thesituationsbecomedifficult

问题2选项

A.shecansaveupmuchmoney

B.shecanforgetallhisworriesandcares

C.shewillstoptakingmedication

D.shewillvisitthedoctorlessfrequently

问题3选项

A.asenseofsatisfaction

B.ahappymoodthroughouthisday

C.explorationofcreativity

D.professionalknowledgeofdrawing

问题4选项

A.Ashortbreak.

B.Agoodopportunity.

C.Abeautifulplace.

D.Apleasantenvironment.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】13.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干：文章认为当……时候，妇女开始着色？根据题干定位至文章第一段第一句话Whenthegoinggetstough,realwomenstartcoloring.（当情况变得艰难的时候，现实生活中的妇女开始拾起着色技能。），因此D选项“情况变得困难”符合题意；文章第三段第一句话提到Coloringnotonlyevokeshappymemoriesofchildhood;theactcanalsofosterasenseofwell-beingandofferarelaxingrespitefromourdigitalworld.（涂色不仅能唤起童年的快乐回忆；这种行为还可以培养一种幸福感，让人们从数字化世界中放松一下。），可知长期生活在数字化世界中让人感到疲惫，和A选项“数字世界吸引人的时候”，表达意思与原文相悖，故A选项排除；B选项“他们紧握自己的少女时代时”，文中并没有提到妇女的少女时代，因此B选项排除；C项“容易接触这类活动”，这类活动简单，不需要技巧，但这并不是妇女着色的原因，因此C选项排除。综上所述，本题正确答案为D选项。

14.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干：凯西享受着色是因为……？根据题干定位至文章第七段第二句话“ColoringatnightwhileI’mwatchingTVhelpsquietmymind,”shesays.“Icanreallylosemyselfinit,anditstopsmefromthinkingaboutmyworkandthestressesinmylife.”（“晚上看电视的时候涂色能让我的大脑安静下来，”她说。“我真的可以在上色中迷失自我，它让我不再去想我的工作和生活中的压力。”），可知凯西享受着色主要是因为它可以为凯西带来精神上的放松及愉悦，因此B选项“她可以忘记很多忧虑”符合题意；A选项“她可以节约很多钱”，文中没有提到着色这种艺术行为可以给凯西省钱，故A选项不对，排除；C选项“她可以停止药物治疗”，D项“她可以减少看医生的频率”。文中没有提到凯西需要或者可以停止药物治疗，也没有提到她去看医生，在上文第六段最后一句话文章提到researchersfoundthatadults65orolderwhoengagedincreativeactivitiessuchasmakingjewelry,paintingorwritinghadbetteroverallhealth,madefewervisitstothedoctor,usedlessmedicationandhadfewerhealthproblemsthannon-crafters.（研究人员发现，与非手工艺者相比，从事珠宝制作、绘画或写作等创造性活动的65岁或以上的成年人整体健康状况更好，就诊次数更少，用药更少，出现的健康问题也更少。），但是并没有特指凯西这个人，故C，D选项排除；综上所述，本题正确答案为B选项。

15.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干：一个着色的人可以有一些好处，除了……外？根据题干定位至文章最后一段Coloringisagreatwaytoexploreyourcreativity—it’seasy,inexpensiveandyoudon’thavetoknowhowtodraw.The10to20minutesyouspendcoloringanimagethatgivesyouasenseofsatisfactioncanhaveapositivedominoeffectthroughoutyourday.（着色是一种探索创造力的好方法——它简单、便宜，而且你不需要知道如何画画。你花10到20分钟给图像上色，这能给你带来满足感，这会在你的一天中产生积极的多米诺效应。），可知A选项“满足感”；B选项“贯穿整天的快乐情绪”；C选项“挖掘创造力”，都是着色的好处，只有D选项“绘画的专业知识”，不符合题意，文章提到的是不知道画画也可以着色，可见着色这项活动并不能让人学到专业绘画知识。综上所述，本题正确答案为D选项。

16.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】语义推测题。题干：第三段中下划线的单词“respite”可能是什么意思？根据题干定位至文章第三段第一句话Coloringnotonlyevokeshappymemoriesofchildhood;theactcanalsofosterasenseofwell-beingandofferarelaxingrespitefromourdigitalworld.（涂色不仅能唤起童年的快乐回忆；这种行为还可以培养一种幸福感，让人们从数字化世界中有一个放松的_____。），可知涂色可以让人身心放松，得到短暂的缓解和休息，而数字化世界的快节奏让人们紧张，疲惫，由此推断“respite”指从数字化世界中逃离出来，放松休息，因此A选项“短暂休息”，符合题意；B选项“好机会”，C选项“美丽的地方”和D选项“舒适的环境”，均不是“respite”表达的含义。综上所述，本题正确答案为A选项。

9.单选题

Themassive,black,hornedbuffalo,formerlyfoundthroughoutsub-SaharanAfrica,isagregariousanimalofopenorscrub-coveredplainsandopenforests.

问题1选项

A.rotten

B.sociable

C.wealthy

D.beautiful

【答案】B

【解析】句意：巨大的、黑色的、有角的水牛，原产于非洲撒哈拉以南，是一种群居动物，生活在开阔的或灌木覆盖的平原和开阔的森林中。gregarious意为“社交的，群居的”。rotten腐烂的，堕落的；sociable好交际的，友善的；wealthy富有的；beautiful美丽的。选项B与之意思相近。

10.单选题

Sheoughttostopwork;shehasaheadachebecauseshe______toolong.

问题1选项

A.hasbeenreading

B.hadread

C.isreading

D.read

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查时态。句意：她应该停止工作；她因为看书太久而头痛。现在完成进行时表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，或者刚刚终止。根据前半句她应该停止工作可知看书的动作从过去持续到现在，可能要继续下去，确定用现在完成进行时，A选项hasbeenreading符合题意。B选项hadread是过去完成时，动作发生在过去的过去，侧重事情的结果；C选项isreading是正在进行时，动作正在发生；D选项read是一般现在时或一般过去时。因此A选项正确。

11.单选题

Technologyhas（

）thesharinginformationandthestorageanddeliveryofinformation,thusmakingmoreinformationavailabletomorepeople.

问题1选项

A.formulated

B.facilitated

C.famished

D.functioned

【答案】B

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。Formulated“构想出，规划”；facilitated“促进，加

速”；furnished“装饰，装置”；functioned“起作用”。句意：科技加速了信息共享，储存和传输，因此让更多的人接触到更多的信息。选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Twothirdsofthebooks______soldoutbutonly10percentoftheincome______tome.

问题1选项

A.was;were

B.was;was

C.were;was

D.were;were

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.was;were是（单数）；是（复数）B.was;was是（单数）；是（单数）

C.were;was是（复数）；是（单数）D.were;were是（复数）；是（复数）

【考查点】主谓一致。

【解题思路】第一个空格的主语是Twothirdsofthebooks（三分之二的书籍），book是可数名词且用的是复数形式，所以第一个空格要填入were；第二个空格的主语是10percentoftheincome（百分之十的收入），income是不可数名词，所以第二个空格填入was，该题选择C项恰当。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合主谓一致原则。

【句意】三分之二的书卖完了，但只有10%的收入归我所有。

13.单选题

Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman,Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorgeBush'spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChretienandKoizumi).Theworld'sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,DuisenbergandHayami)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld'sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).

Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.

Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.

1.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiaccars?

2.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

3.The4thparagraphsuggeststhat（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby’’mostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ”(Lines2-3,Paragraph5)?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

问题1选项

A.Akindofoverlookedinequality

B.Atypeofconspicuousbias

C.Atypeofpersonalprejudice

D.Akindofbranddiscrimination

问题2选项

A.InbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtosuccess

B.ThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoeZysman

C.Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies’names

D.Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtletorecognize

问题3选项

A.questionsareoftenputtothemoreintelligentstudents

B.alphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefromclass

C.teachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudents

D.studentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheireyesight

问题4选项

A.Theyaregettingimpatient

B.Theyarenoisilydozingoff

C.Theyarefeelinghumiliated

D.Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles

问题5选项

A.PeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-treated

B.VIPsintheWesternworldgainagreatdealfromalphabetism

C.Thecampaigntoeliminatealphabetismstillhasalongwaytogo

D.Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalbias

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.