考研考博-英语-新乡职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新乡职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Momflippedher（）whenshefoundoutIwaspregnant.

问题1选项

A.chart

B.finger

C.side

D.lid

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。Flipone’slid是一句美国俚语，意为发怒，发火，失去控制，变得狂热，大发脾气。句意：妈妈发现我怀孕后大发雷霆。因此D选项正确。

2.单选题

Fallingsalesandrisingoverheadshaveobligedthecompanytorevieweachcustomer’s（

）limit.

问题1选项

A.credit

B.currency

C.check

D.certificate

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项credit“借贷，贷款，信誉”；B选项currency“货币”；C选项check“支票”；D选项certificate“证明，证明书”。根据limit（限制，限额）可知A选项符合语境。句意：销量下降和管理费用上升迫使公司审查每个客户的信贷限额。

3.单选题

AskmostpeoplehowtheydefinetheAmericanDreamandchancesarethey’llsay,“Success.”ThedreamofindividualopportunityhasbeenhomeinAmericanssinceEuropeansdiscovereda“newworld”intheWesternHemisphere.EarlyimmigrantslikeHectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeurpraisedhighlythefreedomandopportunitytobefoundinthisnewland.HisglowingdescriptionsofaclasslesssocietywhereanyonecouldattainsuccessthroughhonestyandhardworkfiredtheimaginationsofmanyEuropeanreaders:inLettersfromanAmericanFarmer(1782)hewrote,“Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfetteredandunrestrained,becauseeachpersonworksforhimself—Wehavenoprinces,forwhomwetoil,starve,andbleed:wearethemostperfectsocietynowexistingintheworld.”Thepromiseofalandwhere“therewardsofaman’sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor”drewpoorimmigrantsfromEuropeandfuelednationalexpansionintothewesternterritories.

OurnationalmythologyisfullofillustrationoftheAmericansuccessstory.There’sBenjaminFranklin,theverymodeloftheself-educated,self-mademan,whorosefrommodestoriginstobecomeawell-knownscientist,philosopher,andstatesman.Inthenineteenthcentury,HoratioAlger,awriteroffictionforyoungboys,becameAmerican’sbest-sellingauthorwithrags-to-richestales.Thenotionofsuccesshauntsus:wespendmillionseveryyearreadingabouttherichandfamous,learninghowto“makeafortuneinrealestatewithnomoneydown,”and“dressingforsuccess.”Themythofsuccesshaseveninvadedourpersonalrelationships:todayit’sasimportanttobe“successful”inmarriageorparenthoodsasitistocomeoutontopinbusiness.

Butdreamseasilyturnintonightmares.EveryAmericanwhohopesto“makeit”alsoknowsthefearoffailure,becausethemythofsuccessinevitablyimpliescomparisonbetweenthehavesandthehave-nots,thestarsandtheanonymouscrowd.Underpressureofthemyth,webecomeindulgedinstatussymbols:wetrytoliveinthe“right”neighborhoods,wearthe“right”clothes,eatthe“right”foods.Thesesymbolsofdistinctionassureusandothersthatwebelievestronglyinthefundamentalequalityofall,yetstriveashardaswecantoseparateourselvesfromourfellowcitizens.

1.WhatistheessenceoftheAmericanDreamaccordingtoCrevecoeur?

2.Bysaying“therewardsofaman’sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor”(Para.1),theauthormeans（）.

3.ThecharactersdescribedinHoratioAlger’snovelsarepeoplewho（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphthat（）.

5.WhatistheparadoxofAmericancultureaccordingtotheauthor?

问题1选项

A.Peoplearefreetodeveloptheirpowerofimagination.t

B.Peoplewhoarehonestandworkhardcansucceed.t

C.Peoplearefreefromexploitationandoppression.t

D.Peoplecanfullyenjoyindividualfreedom.t

问题2选项

A.themorediligentoneis,thebiggerhisreturnst

B.laboriousworkensuresthegrowthofanindustryt

C.aman’sbusinessshouldbedevelopedstepbystept

D.acompany’ssuccessdependsonitsemployees’hardworkt

问题3选项

A.succeededinrealestateinvestmentt

B.earnedenormousfortunesbychancest

C.becamewealthyafterstartinglifeverypoort

D.becamefamousdespitetheirmodestoriginst

问题4选项

A.businesssuccessoftencontributestoasuccessfulmarriaget

B.Americanswishtosucceedineveryaspectoflifet

C.goodpersonalrelationshipsleadtobusinesssuccesst

D.successfulbusinesspeopleprovidegoodcarefortheirchildrent

问题5选项

A.TheAmericanroadtosuccessisfullofnightmares.t

B.Statussymbolsarenotarealindicatorofaperson’swealth.t

C.TheAmericanDreamisnothingbutanemptydream.t

D.WhatAmericansstriveafteroftencontradictstheirbeliefs.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:细节推理题。题干意思是“在克雷夫科尔看来，美国梦的本质是什么？”。根据题干定位到文章第一段EarlyimmigrantslikeHectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeurpraisedhighlythefreedomandopportunitytobefoundinthisnewland.HisglowingdescriptionsofaclasslesssocietywhereanyonecouldattainsuccessthroughhonestyandhardworkfiredtheimaginationsofmanyEuropeanreaders（像克雷夫科尔这样的早期移民高度赞扬了在这片新土地上发现的自由和机会；他对一个任何人都可以通过诚实和勤奋获得成功的无阶级社会的热情洋溢的描述激发了许多欧洲读者的想象力），由此可知，在克雷夫科尔看来，这里的人只要诚实、努力工作就会获得成功的机会，而这种机会从根本上说是源自美国的自由；故D项“人们可以充分享受个人自由”符合题意。A项“人们可以自由地发展自己的想象力”，表述与原文不符合；B项“诚实和努力工作的人能成功”，表述太绝对；C项“人民从剥削和压迫中解放出来”这不属于克雷夫科尔的观点。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第2题:推理判断题。题干意思是“第一段作者通过说‘一个人的辛勤劳动所得到的回报与他的劳动进步是同等的’的意思是……”。题干的句子出现在文章第一段最后一句话Thepromiseofalandwhere“therewardsofaman’sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor”drewpoorimmigrantsfromEuropeandfuelednationalexpansionintothewesternterritories.（在这片土地上，“一个人的辛勤劳动所得到的回报与他的劳动进步是同等的”，这一承诺吸引了来自欧洲的贫穷移民，并推动了国家向西部地区的扩张），结合上一句Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfetteredandunrestrained,becauseeachpersonworksforhimself—Wehavenoprinces,forwhomwetoil,starve,andbleed:wearethemostperfectsocietynowexistingintheworld.（我们都对一种不受束缚、不受约束的工业精神感到兴奋，因为每个人都为自己工作；我们没有为他们辛劳、挨饿和流血的君主；我们是现存于世界上最完美的社会）可知，题干的这句话的意思是一个人越勤奋得到的回报越多，故A项“一个人越勤奋，他的回报就越大”正确。B项“费力的工作确保了产业的发展”和C项“一个人的事业应该一步一步的发展”均不符合原文意思；D项“一个公司的成功取决于它的员工的努力工作”，文章没有提到公司。因此，该题选择A项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。题干意思是“阿尔杰小说中描述的人物是……”。根据题干定位到文章第二段第三句Inthenineteenthcentury,HoratioAlger,awriteroffictionforyoungboys,becameAmerican’sbest-sellingauthorwithrags-to-richestales（19世纪，年轻男孩小说作家阿尔杰凭借描写白手起家的故事成为美国畅销书作家）可知，阿尔杰小说中描述的人物是白手起家的，故C项“在开始贫穷的生活后变得富有”正确。A项“在房地产投资上很成功”不是描述阿尔杰小说的内容；B项“靠运气赚了巨大的财富”和D项“虽然出身卑微，却很出名”不正确。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第4题:推理判断题。题干意思是“从第二段的最后一句话可以推断出……”。根据题干定位到第二段最后一句Themythofsuccesshaseveninvadedourpersonalrelationships:todayit’sasimportanttobe“successful”inmarriageorparenthoodsasitistocomeoutontopinbusiness.（成功的神话甚至已经侵入了我们的人际关系：如今，在婚姻或为人父母方面取得“成功”与在事业上取得成功一样重要），由此可推断，美国人希望在婚姻、生活和事业等各方面都取得成功，故B项“美国人希望在生活的各个方面都成功”正确。A项“事业上的成功往往有助于一个成功的婚姻”和C项“良好的人际关系导致商业成功”，表述不准确；D项“成功的商人为他们的孩子提供良好的照顾”文章未提及。因此，该题选择B项正确。

第5题:推理判断题。题干意思是“作者认为美国文化的悖论是什么？”。根据文章最后一句Thesesymbolsofdistinctionassureusandothersthatwebelievestronglyinthefundamentalequalityofall,yetstriveashardaswecantoseparateourselvesfromourfellowcitizens.（这些身份差别的象征物一方面使我们坚信人人平等，另一方面我们又竭尽全力将自己和他人区分开来），由此可知美国人崇尚人人平等，但是又努力追求成功和地位，所以D项“美国人所追求的往往与他们的信仰相矛盾”表述正确。A项“美国的成功之路充满了噩梦”，原文是Butdreamseasilyturnintonightmares.（但是梦很容易变成噩梦），该项表述不准确；B项“地位的象征并不是一个人财富的真实指标”，最后一段指出Underpressureofthemyth,webecomeindulgedinstatussymbols:wetrytoliveinthe“right”neighborhoods,wearthe“right”clothes,eatthe“right”foods.（在神话的压力下，我们沉迷于地位的象征：我们试图住在“正确”的社区，穿“正确”的衣服，吃“正确”的食物），可知文章并没有把地位和财富作比较；C项“美国梦只是一个空洞的梦”，文中没有这样表述。因此，该题选择D项正确。

4.翻译题

Direction:TranslatethefollowingEnglishpassageintoChineseonyourANSWERSHEET.

Onceanemployeewantstoworkabroadhemusthaveaclearmindthathissuccessandexpertisehomedonotmeanhecancontinuehisexcellenceathisoverseasbranchbecauseoftheculturalenvironmentaswellashisadaptability.ThinkingdifferenceinsteadofprofessionalexperienceplaysanimportantroleforU.S.businesspeoplesuccessatforeignmarket.Values,attitude,andbuyingpreferenceandtheirrelatedinformationhavetobeadaptedandalteredfromtopmanagementtoaverageworkersinthecourseoftappingforeignmarkets.Forinternationalbusiness,thefirmsinU.S.havetoredeterminetheirmarketingstrategyandtacticswhichgenerallycontrarytowhattheyhavedoneattheirhomemarketsbasedontheirknowledgeofthetargetingcountries’culturecontext.Americanbusinesspersonshavetounderstandthatculturalvariableinfluenceinternationalbusinessenterprisessotheyarerequiredtoplacehighlyprioritytocommunicatewiththeforeignpeopleformutualunderstandingbesidestheirbusinessactivities.

【答案】如果一名员工想出国工作，他必须要弄清楚的是，由于文化环境的差异和他自身适应能力的影响，他在国内的成功和专业并不能保证他能在国外的分公司也一样的表现优秀。在国外市场上，美国商务人员的成功取决于思维差异而不是专业经验。在开发国外市场的进程中，价值观、态度和购买偏好以及与这些相关的信息从高层主管到普通职工之间不尽相同，需要我们去适应。在国际商务中，美国的企业需要根据他们对目标国文化的了解来重新调整他们的市场策略与战术，这些战略经常会与他们在国内市场采用的相反。美国的商人必须了解文化差异对国际企业的影响，所以他们需要高度重视与外国朋友在商业活动外的交流，以促进相互理解。

5.单选题

Thismicroscope（

）by1,000timesthesampleontheslides.

问题1选项

A.probed

B.abided

C.magnified

D.specified

【答案】C

【解析】probe探查,调查；abide持续,忍受；magnified放大；specify详细说明。句意:显微镜把放在幻灯片上的样品放大了1000倍。选项C符合句意。

6.单选题

Heknowslittleofmathematics,and（

）ofchemistry.

问题1选项

A.evenmore

B.stillless

C.noless

D.stillmore

【答案】B

【解析】考查比较级。even,still修饰表示级，意为“更……”，little的比较级为less，因此选B。

句意：他数学懂得很少，化学懂得更少了。

7.单选题

IliveinthelandofDisney,Hollywoodandyear-roundsun.Youmaythinkpeopleinsuchaglamorous,fun-filledplacearehappierthanothers.Ifso,youhavesomemistakenideasaboutthenatureofhappiness.

Manyintelligentpeoplestillequatehappinesswithfun.Thetruthisthatfunandhappinesshavelittleornothingincommon.Funiswhatweexperienceduringanact.Happinessiswhatweexperienceafteranact.Itisadeeper,moreabidingemotion.

Goingtoanamusementparkorballgame,watchingamovieortelevision,arefunactivitiesthathelpusrelax,temporarilyforgetourproblemsandmaybeevenlaugh.Buttheydonotbringhappiness,becausetheirpositiveeffectsendwhenthefunends.

IhaveoftenthoughtthatifHollywoodstarshavearoletoplay,itistoteachusthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfun.Theserich,beautifulindividualshaveconstantaccesstoglamorousparties,fancycars,expensivehomes,everythingthatspells“happiness”.Butinmemoiraftermemoir,celebritiesrevealtheunhappinesshiddenbeneathalltheirfun:depression,alcoholism,drugaddiction,brokenmarriages,troubledchildrenandprofoundloneliness.

Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifhe’shonest,hewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment,forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventureandexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.Similarly,couplesthatchoosenottohavechildrenaredecidinginfavorofpainlessfunoverpainfulhappiness.Theycandineoutwhenevertheywantandsleepaslateastheywant.Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporathree-dayvacation.Idon’tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.

Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizationswecanevercometo.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthoserichandglamorouspeopleweweresosurearehappybecausetheyarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.

56.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

57.Totheauthor,Hollywoodstarsallhaveanimportantroletoplay,thatisto______.

58.Intheauthorsopinion,marriage______.

59.Coupleshavinginfantchildren______.

60.Ifonegetsthemeaningofthetruesenseofhappiness,hewill______.

问题1选项

A.Funcreateslong-lastingsatisfaction.

B.Funprovidesenjoymentwhilepainleadstohappiness.

C.Happinessisenduringwhereasfunisshort-lived.

D.Funthatislong-standingmayleadtohappiness.

问题2选项

A.writememoiraftermemoirabouttheirhappiness

B.tellthepublicthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfun

C.teachpeoplehowtoenjoytheirlives

D.bringhappinesstothepublicinsteadofgoingtoglamorousparties

问题3选项

A.affordsgreaterfun

B.leadstoraisingchildren

C.indicatescommitment

D.endsinpain

问题4选项

A.areluckysincetheycanhaveawholenightssleep

B.findfunintuckingthemintobedatnight

C.findmoretimetoplayandjokewiththem

D.derivehappinessfromtheirendeavor

问题5选项

A.stopplayinggamesandjokingwithothers

B.makethebestuseofhistimeincreasinghappiness

C.giveafreehandtomoney

D.keephimselfwithhisfamily

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】56.推理判断题。题干意思是“下列哪一项是正确的？”。第二段最后三句指出Funiswhatweexperienceduringanact.Happinessiswhatweexperienceafteranact.Itisadeeper,moreabidingemotion.（娱乐是我们在表演过程中所体验到的，幸福是一个行为之后的感受，它是一种更深刻、更持久的情感）可知，幸福是一种持久的体验，而娱乐只是在过程中体验到的，它是短暂的；所以C项“幸福是持久的，而娱乐是短暂的”正确。A项“娱乐创造持久的满足感”表述与原文相反；B项“娱乐带来快乐，而痛苦带来幸福”，表述不准确，不是所有的幸福都是痛苦带来的；D项“长期存在的娱乐可能会带来幸福”在第三段最后一句有提及Buttheydonotbringhappiness,becausetheirpositiveeffectsendwhenthefunends.（但娱乐并不能带来幸福，因为当乐趣结束时，它们的积极影响也随之终止），所以D项错误。因此，该题选择C项正确。

57.细节事实题。题干意思是“对作者来说，好莱坞明星都有一个重要的作用，那就是……”。根据题干定位到第四段第一句IhaveoftenthoughtthatifHollywoodstarshavearoletoplay,itistoteachusthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfun.（我常常这样想，如果好莱坞明星有什么作用的话，那就是告诉我们幸福与娱乐毫无关系），所以B项“告诉公众幸福与乐趣无关”正确。文中提到明星的回忆录充满着不幸，是为了和他们那些意味着“幸福”的东西做比较，来论证第四段的中心句，所以A项“写一本又一本关于他们幸福的回忆录”和D项“给公众带来快乐而不是去参加迷人的聚会”不能准确表达作者的意思；C项“教人们如何享受生活”文章没有提到。因此，该题选择B项正确。

58.细节事实题。题干意思是“在作者的观点中，婚姻……”。根据第五段前两句Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifhe’shonest,hewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment,forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.（问问一个单身汉，为什么即使他发现约会越来越不令人满意，他也会拒绝结婚；如果他是诚实的，他会告诉你他害怕做出承诺，因为承诺其实是相当痛苦的）可知，婚姻意味着承诺，所以C项“表示承诺”正确。第五段提到Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventureandexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.（单身生活充满了乐趣、冒险和刺激，婚姻也有这样的时刻，但它们并不是婚姻最显著的特征）可知，婚姻也充满乐趣，但是这不是最显著的特征，文章没有提到婚姻会带来更大的乐趣，所以A项“提供更大的乐趣”错误；B项“导致抚养孩子”太绝对，婚姻中也可以选择不要孩子；第五段虽然提到了couplesthatchoosenottohavechildrenaredecidinginfavorofpainlessfunoverpainfulhappiness.（选择不要孩子的夫妇是在选择无痛的乐趣，而不是痛苦的幸福），但婚姻是痛苦的幸福是因为带孩子就没有很多休息时间，痛苦但幸福着，而不是说婚姻是以痛苦为结尾，D项“在痛苦中结束”偷换概念。因此，该题选择C项正确。

59.推理判断题。题干意思是“有婴儿的夫妇……”。根据题干定位到文章第五段，Similarly,couplesthatchoosenottohavechildrenaredecidinginfavorofpainlessfunoverpainfulhappiness.Theycandineoutwhenevertheywantandsleepaslateastheywant.Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporathree-dayvacation.Idon’tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.（同样，选择不要孩子的夫妇是在选择无痛的乐趣，而不是痛苦的幸福。他们可以随时外出用餐，想睡多久就睡多久。带着婴儿的夫妇能得到一整夜的睡眠或三天的假期就很幸运了。我不知道有哪个父母会选择“乐趣”这个词来形容养育孩子。），由此可以推断，带孩子的夫妇是在带孩子的痛苦中找到快乐的幸福感，所以D项“从他们的努力中获得幸福”符合题意。A项“很幸运，因为他们可以睡一整晚”和C项“找更多的时间去玩和与他们开玩笑”与原文不符，原文是说没有孩子的夫妇可以随时出去玩；B项“在晚上给他们掖被子的时候找到乐趣”文中没有提到掖被子。因此，该题选择D项正确。

60.细节事实题。题干意思是“如果一个人懂得了快乐的真正意义，他就会……”。根据最后一段第二句nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.（现在我们可以把更多的时间投入到能够真正增加我们幸福的活动中）可知B项“充分利用他的时间增加幸福”正确。第三句提到buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.（买一辆新车或那些花哨的衣服对增加我们的快乐毫无用处）可知C项“自由支配金钱”不正确；A项“停止玩游戏去和别人开玩笑”和D项“和家人待在一起”在最后一段未提及。因此，该题选择B项正确。

8.单选题

16-20

问题1选项

A.Abloodtest.

B.Agastroscopy(胃镜检查法).

C.AchestX-rayexam.

D.AbariumX-rayexam.

问题2选项

A.Tolosesomeweight.

B.Totakeafewmoretests.

C.Tosleeponthreepillows.

D.Toeatsmaller，lightermeals.

问题3选项

A.Potatochips.

B.chicken.

C.Cereal.

D.fish.

问题4选项

A.Ulcer.

B.Cancer.

C.Depression.

D.Hernia.

问题5选项

A.Hewilltrythedietthedoctorrecommended.

B.Hewillaskforasickleaveandrelaxathome.

C.Hewilltakethemedicinethedoctorprescribed.

D.Hewilltakeafewmoreteststoruleoutcancer.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】W:Well,(16)yourbariummealdidnotshowanulcer.Butitdidshowthatyouhavesomethingwecallahiatushernia(食管裂孔疝).Doyouknowwhatthatis?

M:Ithinkmygrandmotherhadone.ButIhaven’tmuchofaclue,really.

W:NowI’mgoingtoexplainhowwecantrytogetridofyourstomachandheartburnproblems.Ithinkitwouldhelpifyouwereabletoloseabitofweight.You’llbelesslikelytogetthepainifyoucaneatsmaller,lightermealsregularly.Standinguprightaftereatingforawhilehelpssothatyourstomachislesslikelytocomeuptoyourgulletthenwhenyoulieflat.Lastly,I’mgoingtogiveyousometabletsthatwillstopyourstomachfromproducingacid.Perhapsyoucouldtellmewhatyoufeelaboutit?

M:Well,Iworrythatitmightbedifficulttoeatthemealsyousuggest,becauseI’malorrydriverandhavetobeontheroadmostoftheday.AndI’mnotsureifIwanttotakethosetables.

W:Yes,IunderstandyoumighthavesomeproblemswiththedietI’msuggesting,especiallyasroadsidecafesusuallysellmealswithgreasyfood.However,(18)perhapsyoucouldkeeptofishandchicken,andavoidchipsandfriedeggs.Yousayyou’renotkeenontakingtablets,whynot?

M:Afriendofminehadthem,andthengotworse.And6weekslatertheyfoundhehadstomachcancer.

W:Isee...soyouwereworriedabouthavingcancer?

M:Well,Iwasabit.IsupposeifmyX-rayonlyshowedahernia,Imustbeclear.(17)Butarethereothertestyoucandotoabsolutelysure?

W:Yes,thereare.(17)ButIdon’tthinkit’snecessarytodothematpresent.We’llwanttoseehowyougetonoverthenextfewweekswithachangeofdiet.WhataboutthetabletsIsuggested?Idon’tthinkit’spossiblethattheycausedyourfriend’scancer.

M:(20)IthinkI’drathertrychangingmydietfirstofall.Then,takingthemedicineyouprescribedformelasttime.

W:Let’strythatforthenext4weeks.Then,I’llseeyouagain.

16.Whatmedicalprocedurehasthemanundergone?

【解析】对话开头就提到他做了bariummeal“钡餐检查”，检查未显示他有溃疡。

17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamongthedoctor’ssuggestionstotheman?

【解析】解析对话中，男士问医生是否还需要做其他检查以确诊，医生说不用。故选B。

18.Accordingtothedoctor’sadvice,whichofthefollowingfoodsshouldthemanavoid?

【解析】医生建议男士要注意饮食，可以继续食用鸡肉和鱼肉，但不要吃薯条和煎蛋。故选A。

19.Whatisthedoctor’sdiagnosisoftheman?

【解析】对话开头医生就说通过钡餐检查,未显示溃疡,但确实是hiatushernia“食管裂孔疝”。

20.Whatwillthemandoforthenext4weeks?

【解析】对话最后，男土说他愿意首先尝试调整饮食,然后服用上次医生给开的药。注意这里男士提到的是服用上次医生给开的药，所以C项错误。故选A。

9.单选题

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow."Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,"saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaround5%ayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85%ofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwould'vehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension（）.

2.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto（）.

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?

问题1选项

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

问题2选项

A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayout

B.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispension

C.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofit

D.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage

问题3选项

A.earnlessinterest

B.bebetteroilthanwithatraditionalpension

C.startinvestmentimmediately

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits

问题4选项

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed

B.LeaveEarly,LoseBig

C.TheRetirementDilemma

D.TakethePensionwithYou

问题5选项

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlostbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow以及第二段Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.可知，如果你之前的工作有传统养老金，那么退休之后你就得到一笔一定数目的养老金。故本题正确答案为D选项

2.细节事实题。题干询问：如果退休人员的养老金账户不足5000美元，他怎么做会比较明智。根据原文第二段Ifit’slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000可知，如果少于5000美元，或者公司提供一次性支付，那么就会关闭养老金账户，把钱取出来做20年额投资，以8%的利率计算就是23000美元。由此可知C选项“拿着养老金（投资）赚取利润”最符合题意，故本题正确答案为C项。

3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.可知，如果你有固定缴款计划，而你提前退休了，那么问题就出现了。你开始把钱花在本可以赚取利息的投资项目上。后面举例说明：如果你在55岁时退休，然后开始使用传统的养老金，那么到65岁时，你的养老金只有你一直工作到65岁时的一半左右。由此可知，A选项“赚得的利息变少”最符合题意，故本题正确答案为A项。

4.推理判断题。题干询问：下列哪一项适合作为最后三段的小标题？分析原文可知，文章最后三段主要讲的是提前退休与养老金的关系，过早退休开始使用养老金，会比工作到正常退休年龄损失大。因此，B选项“提前退休，损失巨大”最适合作为最后三段的标题，故本题正确答案为B项。

5.推理判断题。题干询问：下列哪一项表述不正确？选项B表示“如果一个人了解退休养老汁划的运行机制，那么提前退休是划算的”明显错误，由最后一段可知，提前退休会造成养老金减少，所以提前退休损失很大。其余选项与原文表述均相符，故本题正确答案为B选项。

10.单选题

Oneofthepeculiaritiesofthebazaaristhatpeopledealinginthesamekindofgoodscollectinthesamearea.

问题1选项

A.advantages

B.shortcomings

C.disparities

D.characteristics

【答案】D

【解析】peculiarities意为特征，特质。advantages优点，有利条件；shortcomings缺点，短处；disparities不一致；characteristics特性，特征。选项D与之意思相近。

11.翻译题

也许因为战事中死人太多了，枉死者没消磨掉的生命力都进作春天的生意。那年春天，气候特别好。这春气鼓动得人心像婴孩出齿时的牙龈肉，受到一种生机透芽的痛痒。上海是个暴发都市，没有山水花柳作为春的安顿处。公园和住宅花园里的草木，好比动物园里铁笼子关住的野兽，拘束、孤独，不够春光尽情的发泄。春来了只有向人的身心里寄寓，添了疾病和传染，添了奸情和酗酒打架的案件，添了孕妇。最后一桩倒不失为好现象，战时人口正该补充。但据周太太说，本年生的孩于，大半是枉死鬼阳寿未尽，抢着投胎，找足前生年龄数目，只怕将来活不长。

【答案】【参考译文】PerhapsitwasbecausethereweresomanydeadinthewarthatresidualvitalityofthedeadtransformedintoSpring,whichwasexceptionallyfine.Stirredbytheinvigoratingspring,men,likeinfantscuttingtheirteeth,somehow,itchedpainfullyfromthebuddingofnewlife.Aboomtown,Shanghaihadnoscenicspotsinwhichspringmightrestitsfeet.Intheparksandlawnsthegrassandtreeswerelikethewildbeastsconfinedinironcagesatthezoo,restrictedandlonely;theresimplywasnoplaceforspringtoreleaseitsfullsplendor.Casesofdiseasesandinfections,adulteryandalcohol-relatedfightsandthepregnancieshaveincreasedinnumber,amongwhichthelastone,afterall,isalltothegood,becausethewartimepopulationneedsreplenishing.ButaccordingtoMrs.Zhou,mostofthechildrenbornthisyearareghostswhodidnotliveouttheirpredestinedlife-spanandrushedtobereborn,andthereisfearthattheycannotbeexceptionallylong-lived.

12.单选题

Forbetterhealthyoumustgiveupsmoking,takemoreexerciseand______eatingtoomuch.

问题1选项

A.refrainfrom

B.wonderat

C.drawup

D.livethrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项refrainfrom“克制，抑制，忍住”，B项wonderat“对……感到吃惊”，C项drawup“草拟，起草，停住”，D项livethrough“度过，经受过”。由Forbetterhealth“为了更好的健康”对应可知，______eatingtoomuch中用refrainfrom符合语境。句意：为了更健康，你必须戒烟，多做运动，不要吃得太多。因此，该题选择A项正确。

13.单选题

Hisfriendlinessandhelpfulnessare（）thatmakeeveryonelikeshim.

问题1选项

A.principled

B.attributes

C.functions

D.regimens

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他的友好和乐于助人是很起作用的，大家都喜欢他。A选项为“有原则的，有操守的”；B选项为“归因，属性”；C选项为“起作用”；D选项为“养生法养生之道”。根据原句语义逻辑可知，C项与friendliness和helpfulness搭配更恰当，更符合句意。

14.单选题

Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthat（）decisionsoftenleadtobitterregrets.

问题1选项

A.urgent

B.hasty

C.instant

D.prompt

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项urgentadj.紧急的，急迫的；B选项hastyadj.轻率的，草率的，匆忙的；C选项instantadj.立即的，紧迫的；D选项promptadj.敏捷的，迅速的。句意：我们必须谨记仓促的决定常常会导致痛苦的悔恨。因此本题选择B项。

15.单选题

Markoftenattemptstoescape（）wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.

问题1选项

A.havingbeenfined

B.tobefined

C.tohavebeenfined

D.beingfined

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。首先，escape后面接动名词doing，由此可首先排除选项C和选项B；再根据句意“每当马克违反交通规则时，他总是试图逃避罚款。”这里表示的是被动语态，并不涉及完成时，所以选项D正确。

16.单选题

Becauseofvariousburdens,the1980sinEcuadorbecameadecadeof().Itwasmadeworsebybadfloodsin1983,thecollapseofworldoilpricesin1985and1986,andadevastatingearthquakein1987.

问题1选项

A.collapse

B.stagnation

C.stop

D.reduction

【答案】A

【解析】collapse衰竭；stagnation停滞。句意：由于各种负担，1980年对于厄瓜多尔来说是衰竭的十年。1983年的特大洪水、1985年