考研考博-英语-东华理工大学长江学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-东华理工大学长江学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

FormanyyearstheJapanesehave（

）thecarmarket.

问题1选项

A.presided

B.occupied

C.operated

D.dominated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项presided“主持”；B选项occupied“占领”；C选项operated“运转，操作”D选项dominated“控制，支配”。句意：长久以来，日本人（）汽车市场。结合选项，答案选D，日本人主导着汽车市场；B选项一般指的是战争上的占领，不符合提干语境，所以不选。

2.单选题

OrdinarilythesurfaceoftheplanetisnearlyattheboHingpointofwateronEarth,100.2-101°Caccordingtothedatafromtheorbitingsatellite.

问题1选项

A.surfaceoftheplanet

B.nearlyatthe

C.boHingpoint

D.fromtheorbitingsatellite

E.没有问题

【答案】E

3.单选题

Thisisan____apieceofworkofart,verifiedbyseveralprominentartconnoisseurs.

问题1选项

A.angular

B.ambitious

C.almighty

D.authentic

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.angular瘦骨嶙峋的B.ambitious有野心的；有雄心的

C.almighty全能的D.authentic真品的

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】空格处所填形容词修饰的是“艺术作品”，根据后文“经几位著名的艺术鉴赏家证实”可知，该作品是真品，D选项authentic“真品的”符合原句前后语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原句前后语义衔接。

【句意】这是一件经过几位著名艺术鉴赏家鉴定的艺术真品。

4.单选题

14.

问题1选项

A.Ageneralpractitioner.

B.Gynecologist

C.Anorthopedist[ɔθə’pidɪst].

D.Sheissurgeon.

【答案】B

【解析】M:HelloDoctorMarks.It’sTimTailorfromANNEatEdinburghCentral.

W:Hello.

M:I’vegotayoungwoman,a30-year-oldwomanreferredupbyherGPwithakindofperinealabscessforabout10--15days.

W:Right.

M:She'sbeenonantibioticsandbasicallyitneedstobeincised.Canyoutakeher?

W:Ofcourse.What’sthepatient’sname?

Q:Whatisthewoman?

【解析】推断题。根据对话可知，女患者是会阴脓肿，需要切除。

5.单选题

Theirmindsandbodiesworkfasterthanmost（

）races,makingthemseemrestlessorhyperactive.

问题1选项

A.sapient

B.clever

C.smart

D.brave

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。sapient聪明的，有智慧的；clever机灵的；smart敏捷的；brave勇敢的。句意：他们的心智与身体比大部分智人种类运作的还快，使他们显得有些性急或亢奋。只有A项符合句意。Sapientrace指“智人种类“

6.单选题

Heusually（

）hisemotionsandappearscalm.

问题1选项

A.holdsup

B.holdsback

C.holdson

D.holdstight

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。holdup意为“举起”；holdback意为“退缩，忍住，抑制住”；holdon意为“等一下，坚持不懈，握住”；holdtight意为“抓紧，抓牢，暂不行动”。

句意：他通常会控制自己的情绪，表现得很平静。

7.单选题

TheCivilWarprovidedanimpetustoMichigan'sgrowth.

问题1选项

A.anincentiveto

B.anobstacleto

C.areasonfor

D.adelayin

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。animpetusto意为“推动，促进”；anincentiveto意为“刺激，激励”；anobstacleto意为“障碍”；areasonfor意为“理由，原因”；adelayin意为“延迟”。

句意：南北战争推动了密歇根州的发展。

8.单选题

12.

问题1选项

A.Playtennis.

B.Takeoutthetrash.

C.Playcomputergames.

D.Gotocourtforalawsuit.

【答案】A

【解析】W:Howaboutthegameoftennis?

M:Ok,loser’lltakeoutthetrashforamonth.

W:It’sadeal.

M:Seeyouinthecourt.

Q:Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?

【解析】细节题。女士提议说待会去打网球，最后男士说：Seeyouinthecourt(球场上见)。

9.单选题

Whethertheeyesare"thewindowsofthesoul"isdebatablethattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy'slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmerican-four-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother'sbackinfantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencode（编码）ordecode（解码）meaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthattheproperplacetofocusone'sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone'sconversationpartner."

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselvestoglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingat,thespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerre-establisheseyecontact:iftheyarenotlookingthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（

）.

2.AccordingtothepassagetheJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner'sneckbecause

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto

（

）.

4.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（

）.

问题1选项

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

问题2选项

A.theydon’tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theyneednotcommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon'tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

问题3选项

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactsofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

问题4选项

A.nottoweardarkspectacles

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepauses

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由第一段第四句“arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.一张真正的人脸如果遮住了眼睛不会让小宝宝发笑，或者侧面的脸，只能看到一只眼睛时，小宝宝也不会发笑。”故C项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。由题干定位到第一段“InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sbackinfantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencode（编码）ordecode（解码）meaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthattheproperplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone’sconversationpartner.在日本，婴儿被背在母亲的背上，他们对眼神交流的依恋不像其他文化中那么强烈。结果就是，日本成年人很少用面部表情来理解或解释含义。事实上，Argyle揭示了在日本谈话时，一个人的目光应该集中在谈话对象的脖子上。”可知日本人说话时喜欢把目光聚焦在另一个人的脖子上是由于小时候没有太多机会通过眼神来交流。故答案D

第3题:细节事实题。由第二段“iftheyarenotlookingthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.如果他们没有看着说话人，说话人就会认为他们是不感兴趣的，要么就会停下来直到重新开始眼神交流，要么就会终止谈话。”可知答案C

第4题:细节理解题。由文章末尾“Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.两个说话的人都戴着墨镜时，这种眼神交流对维持对话的重要性就变得显而易见了：可能会出现由打断、错误的开始和不可预知的停顿引起的话语堵塞。”可知戴墨镜对话会造成中断，错误的开始和不可预计的停顿。故为了保持通畅的对话，最好不要戴墨镜说话。答案A

10.单选题

ThecompanythatJoanworksforis（）withanautomotivecompany,soshecangetadis-countonanewcar.

问题1选项

A.correlated

B.parallel

C.affiliated

D.accounted

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：Joan工作的公司（）一家汽车公司，所以她买新车有折扣。

correlated有相互关系的；parallel平行的；affiliated附属的，有关的；accounted记账的；报告的。此处“beaffiliatedwith”为固定搭配，意思是“隶属于”，A项“有相互关系的”说得太模糊，看到C项是可以确定是隶属关系，公司员工才能拿到折扣，故选C。

11.单选题

Idon'tsaythattopersuadeyou,butmerelyto（）myconscience.

问题1选项

A.revolve

B.relieve

C.retrieve

D.revive

【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析题。revolve旋转；循环；relieve解除，减轻；retrieve恢复，取回；revive复活，复兴。四个选项中只有relieve更符合句意。句意：我说这个不是为了劝你，只是为了让我的良心好受些。所以本题选B。

12.单选题

ThewidespreadadoptionoftheInternetandtheWebmakesitpossibletoadministerquestionnairesurveyselectronically,potentiallyachievingmuchgreatercost-effectivenessandpermittingtheintegrationofdatafrommanyresources.Atthesametime,therearesignificanttechnicalchallengesthatmustbemet,especiallyintheareasoflogisticsandsampling.Recognizingtheneedforinnovationinthisandrelatedareas,theNSFMethodology,Measurement,andStatisticsProgram,incollaborationwithaconsortiumoffederalstatisticalagenciesrepresentedbytheInteragencyCouncilofStatisticalPolicyandtheFederalCommitteeonStatisticalMethodology,hasheldaspecialcompetitiononsurveyresearchmethods.Includedamongthetopicareasinthecompetitionannouncementis"secureandeasy-to-usemethodsofcollectingsurveydataviatheWeb".

Today'sleadingsocialscientificsurveysareveryexpensiveinterviewstudiesofnationalsamples.Forexample,theGSSadministersa90-minuteface-to-faceinterviewto1500Americanadultsatacostofabout$500perinterview.However,therespondentsarenotatruerandomsamplebecausecostconsiderationswithrespecttotheinterviewer'stravelrequirethatrespondentsberecruitedinalimitednumberofgeographicclusters,andthereisnolistofresidentsfromwhicharandomsamplecouldbedrawn.Thesmallnumberofgeographicareassurveyedlimitsscientists'abilitytolinkGSSdatatoothergeographicallybaseddatasuchastheU.S.census.BecauseofthehighcostandthemanyresearchcommunitiesthatseektimeintheGSS,itisimpossibletoincludemorethanahandfulofquestiononanyparticulartopic.ThispreventstheGSSfromemployingmuchofthebestmethodologyofmeasurementscaleconstruction,whichrequiresinclusionofalargenumberofitems.SurveysliketheGSSwillbeneededinfuturedecadestochartthechangingsocial,economic,andpoliticalconditionsoftheAmericanpublic.Butmanytypesofsocialsciencewilladvancemorerapidlythroughsurveysadministeredovertheweb.

Web-basedsurveyscanreachverylargenumbersofrespondentsatlowcost.Theywillbegeographicallydispersedsothattheirdatacanbe,linkedtothecensus,tolocaleconomicinformation,andtodatafromotherweb-basedsurveys.Itmightnotbepossibletoholdtheintervieweesinterestforthefull90-minutequestionnaireoftheGSS,butshorterdurationsurveysadministeredtoverylargenumberofrespondentscaninaggregateinclude,farmoreitems,therebypermittingmuchfinermeasurementofscientificallyinterestingvariables.ThehighcostofmajornationalsurveysgenerallyhasrestrictedthetopicstudiedtothosethatespeciallyrequirehighlyrepresentativesamplessuchasfamilystructureandeconomicstatusinthePanelStudyofIncomeDynamicsandvotingbehaviorintheAmericanNationalElectionStudy,datafrombothofwhicharenowfreelyavailableovertheweb.Avastarrayofotherscientificresearchareas,therefore,havelanguishedfrommanyyearswithoutthelarge-scalesurveydatathatwouldpermitknowledgetoprogress.

1.AdministeringsurveysviatheWebwouldresultin（）.

2.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout（）.

3.Whatmakestraditionalsurveysunscientificaccordingtothesecondparagraph?

4.TheauthorfirmlybelievesthatWeb-basedsurveyswill（）.

5.Itisimpliedinthelastsentencethat（）.

问题1选项

A.thereductionofcostinvolvedindatacollection

B.secureandeasy-to-usemethodsofcollectingdata

C.moreconvincingconclusionsonthematersurveyed

D.allofabove

问题2选项

A.thedifferencesbetweentheWeb-basedandtraditionalsurveys

B.theadvantagesortheWeb-basedsurveys

C.theweaknessofthetraditionalsurveys

D.thecostinvolvedinconductingtraditionalsurveys

问题3选项

A.Thesamplingisnotmadestrictlyrandomly.

B.Theinterviewhastobeconductedface-to-face.

C.Improperquestionsareoftenincludedinasurvey.

D.Selectionofrespondentsisoftenamatterofpersonaldecision.

问题4选项

A.enhancetheeconomicstatusofanation

B.promotetheprogressofsocialsciences

C.changesocial,economicandpoliticalconditionsofthepublic

D.holdtheinterviewees’interestlongerthantraditionalsurveys

问题5选项

A.manyscientificareasstopmakingbreakthroughsforlackofeffectivedatacollection

B.scientific,researchstillmakesprogresswithoutlarge-scalesurveydatacollection

C.theprogressofknowledgedependsonachievementsmadebyallareasofsciencetogether

D.scientific,researchhasmadelittleprogressbeforethewidespreadadoptionoftheinternet

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.文章第一段涉及到了A、B、C三个选项，achievingmuchgreatercost-effectiveness对应选项A，permittingtheintegrationofdatafrommanyresources，将许多资源整合到一起，从而使得这些资源的可信度更高，对应选项C，secureandeasy-to-usemethodsofcollectingsurveydataviatheWeb对应选项B。因此，这三个选项都应该包含在内，选项D符合题意。

2.文章第二段主要是以GSS为例子来说明了传统的调查方式的局限性。如，由于昂贵的采访费用，这类调查只能在某些特定的地方进行，并且它所调查的对象也不是随机选取的。所以选项C符合题意。

3.文章第二段提到由于采访所花费的费用不少，所以这类型的调查只能在特定的地区进行。因为取样的随机性不够（therespondentsarenotatruerandomsample），取得的结果肯定也会有影响，选项A符合题意。

4.文章第二段最后一句话butmanytypesofsocialsciencewilladvancemorerapidlythroughsurveysadministeredovertheweb提到通过网站开展调查，许多类型的社会科学将能够更快地发展。选项B符合题意。

5.文章最后一段最后一句avastarrayofotherscientificresearchareas,therefore,havelanguishedfrommanyyears提到许多需要大范围的调查数据的研究领域一直处于低迷的状态。选项A符合题意。

13.不定项选择题

Whydoyoulistentomusic?Ifyoushouldputthisquestiontoanumberofpeople,youmightreceiveanswerslikethese:“Ilikethebeatofmusic”,“Ilookforattractivetunefulness”,“Iammovedbythesoundofchoralsinging”,“IlistentomusicformanyreasonsbutIcouldnotbegintodescribethemtoyouclearly”.Answerstothisquestionwouldbemanyanddiverse,yetalmostnoonewouldreply“Musicmeansnothingtome.”Tomostofus,musicmeanssomething;itevokessomeresponse.Weobtainsomesatisfactioninlisteningtomusic.

Formany,theenjoymentofmusicdoesnotremainatastandstill.Wefeelthatwecangetmoresatisfactionfromthemusicalexperience.Wewanttomakeclosercontactmusicinordertolearnmoreofitsnature;thuswecanrangemorebroadlyandfreelyintheareaofmusicalstyle,form,andexpression.Thisbookexploreswaysofachievingtheseobjectives.Itdeals,ofcourse,withthetechniquesofmusic,butonlyinordertoshowhowtechniqueisdirectedtowardexpressiveaimsinmusicandtowardthelistener’smusicalexperience.Inthisway,wemaygetanideaofthecomposer’sintentions,forindeed,thecomposeruseseverymusicaldeviceforitspowertocommunicateandforitscontributiontothemusicalexperience.

Althougheveryonehearsmusicdifferently,thereisacommongroundfromwhichallmusicalexperiencesgrow.Thatsourceissounditself.Soundistherawmaterialofmusic.Itmakesupthebodyandsubstanceofallmusicalactivity.Itisthepointofdepartureinthemusicalexperience.

Thekindsofsoundthatcanbeusedformusicalpurposesareamazinglyvaried.Throughouttheculturesoftheworld,EastandWest;avirtuallylimitlessarrayofsoundshasbeenemployedintheserviceofmusicalexpression.ListentoOrientaltheatremusic,thentoanexcerptfromaWagnerwork.Thesetwoareworldsapartintheirqualitiesofsoundaswellasinalmosteveryotherfeature,yeteachsayssomethingimportanttosomelisteners.Eachcanstiralistenerandevokearesponseinhim.Allmusic,whetheritisthepulsationofprimitivetribaldrumsorthecomplexcoordinationofvoicesandinstrumentsinanopera,hasthisfeature:Itisbaseduponthepowerofsoundtostiroutsenseandfeelings.

Yetsoundaloneisnotmusic.Somethinghashappenedtothesound.Itmustmoveforwardintime.Everythingthattakesplacemusicallyinvolvesthemovementofsound.Ifwehearaseriesofdrumbeats,wereceiveanimpressionofmovementfromonestroketothenext.Whensoundsfolloweachotherinapatternofmelody,wereceiveanimpressionofmovementfromonetonetothenext.Allmusicmoves;andbecauseitmoves,itisassociatedwithafundamentaltruthofexistenceandexperience.Wearestirredbyimpressionsofmovementbecauseourverylivesareconstantlyinmovement.Breathing,theactionofthepulse,growth,decay,thechangeofdayandnight,aswellastheconstantflowofphysicalaction―thesealltestifytothefundamentalrolethatmovementplaysinourlife.Musicappealstoourdesireandourneedformovement.

1.Theauthorindicatesatthebeginningofthepassagethat（）.

2.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthatthebookfromwhichthisexcerptistakenismainlymeantfor（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,enjoyingmusicisnotanendinitselfbecausepeoplehopeto（）throughlistening.

4.Whatisthecommongroundformusicalexperiencetodevelop?

5.Theimportanceofmovementinmusicisexplainedbycomparingitto（）.

问题1选项

A.peoplelistentomusicforsimilarreason

B.reasonsforlisteningtomusicarevaried

C.somepeopledon’tunderstandmusicatall

D.purposesforlisteningtomusiccanbespecified

问题2选项

A.listeners

B.composers

C.musicians

D.directors

问题3选项

A.learnmoremusicaldevices

B.knowmoreaboutcomposers

C.communicatemoreeffectively

D.understandmusicbetter

问题4选项

A.Material

B.Listening

C.Sound

D.Activity

问题5选项

A.apatternofmelody

B.aseriesofdrumbeats

C.physicalmovement

D.existenceandexperience

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由题干定位到本文第一段第三句话“Answerstothisquestionwouldbemanyanddiverse”（这个问题的答案是多种多样的）可知，人们听音乐的原因是各种各样的。A选项“人们听音乐也是出于类似的原因”说法错误，人们听音乐的原因不一样；C选项“有些人根本不懂音乐”没有原文依据；D选项“可以指定收听音乐的目的”说法错误，听音乐也是随机的，目的是不能够指定的。因此B选项正确。

第2题:判断推理题。由题干定位到本文第二段第二句话“Wefeelthatwecangetmoresatisfactionfromthemusicalexperience”（我们觉得我们可以从音乐体验中获得更多的满足感）可知，这里的“我们”指的是听音乐的人，即听众。B选项“作曲家”、C选项“音乐家”、D选项“导演”均为干扰项，这些都是与音乐有关的人，但是与本段的语义不符。因此A选项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。由题干定位到本文第二段第三句话“Wewanttomakeclosercontactmusicinordertolearnmoreofitsnature;thuswecanrangemorebroadlyandfreelyintheareaofmusicalstyle,form,andexpression”（我们想要更密切地接触音乐，以便更多地了解它的本质；因此，我们可以在音乐风格、形式和表达方面有更广泛和自由的范围）可知，我们听音乐是为了了解音乐的本质。A选项“学习更多音乐设备”、B选项“多了解作曲家”、C选项“更有效的沟通”也是我们听音乐可以获得的，但不是终极目的。因此D选项正确。

第4题:细节事实题。由题干关键词“commonground”定位到本文第三段第一句话“Althougheveryonehearsmusicdifferently,thereisacommongroundfromwhichallmusicalexperiencesgrow.Thatsourceissounditself”（虽然每个人听音乐的方式都不一样，但所有音乐体验都有一个共同的基础，那就是声音本身）可知音乐的基础是声音本身。A选项“素材”、B选项“倾听”、D选项“活动”均为干扰项，不是音乐的基础，而是制作成音乐后的内容。因此C选项正确。

第5题:细节事实题。由题干关键词“movement”定位到最后一段第八、九句话“Wearestirredbyimpressionsofmovementbecauseourverylivesareconstantlyinmovement.Breathing,theactionofthepulse,growth,decay,thechangeofdayandnight,aswellastheconstantflowofphysicalaction―thesealltestifytothefundamentalrolethatmovementplaysinourlife”（我们被运动的印象所触动，因为我们的生活一直都在运动。呼吸、脉搏的活动、成长、衰退、昼夜的变化，以及不断的身体动作——这些都证明了运动在我们生活中所扮演的基本角色。）可知这里的运动对应的是physicalmovement。A选项“一种旋律模式”，当声音以一种旋律的模式彼此跟随时，我们会得到一种从一个音调到另一个音调的移动印象；B选项“一连串的鼓声”，如果我们听到一系列的鼓声，我们会得到一个动作的印象；D选项“存在和经验”，存在和经验的基本真理相联系。这三项均为干扰项，不是movement所指代的意义。因此C选项正确。

14.单选题

Avisitortoamuseumtodaywouldnotice（

）changesinthewaymuseumsareoperated.

问题1选项

A.cognitive

B.rigorous

C.conspicuous

D.exclusive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。cognitive“认知的”；rigorous“严格的，严厉的”；conspicuous“显著的”；exclusive“唯一的，独有的”。句意：如果今天去博物馆参观，就会注意到博物馆的经营方式发生了显著的变化。选项C符合题意。

15.翻译题

疲劳是人们向医生、朋友和亲人最常抱怨的问题之一。或许你认为在这个拥有各种节省体力的装置和方便的交通设施的时代。很少有人会有理由感到如此疲劳。然而，今天与用手捆干草，用搓衣板洗衣服的昔日相比，抱怨疲劳的人也许更多了。据医生们说，疲倦更可能是由于过少的活动所致，而不是过多的活动所引起的。情绪问题和烦恼，特别是忧郁和焦虑，显然是长期疲劳最常见的原因。

【答案】Fatigueisoneofthemostcommonproblemscomplainedbypeopletodoctors,friendsandfolks.Perhapsyouthinkthatfewwouldhavereasonstofeeltiredintheeraoffullofallkindsofstrength-savingdeviceandconvenienttransportfacilities.However,maybemorepeoplecomplainaboutthefatiguenowadaysthantheolddayswhenbalinghaybyhandandwashingclotheswithawashboard.Asthedoctorsaid,fatigueismorelikelytoresultfromtoolittleactivity,andnottobecausedbytoomanyactivities.Emotionalproblemsandtrouble,especiallydepressionandanxiety,areclearlythemostcommoncauseofchronicfatigue.

16.单选题

Adealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide一thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthat（1）doesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessinvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positive（2）thatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Actually,therearereasonstobe（3）.

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetbecomesmoreandmore（4）,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotential（5）thereare.Moreandmoreenterprises,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleft（6）,wanttospreadinternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillbenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolfor（7）worldpovertythatwe’veeverhad.

Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn’ttheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave,butithasbigpotential.

To（8）advantageofthistool,somepoorcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudices（9）respecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryof（10）(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn’thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica’sSecondWaveinfrastructure—concerningroads,harbors,highways,portsandsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.

问题1选项

A.divide

B.information

C.world

D.lecture

问题2选项

A.forces

B.obstacles

C.events

D.surprises

问题3选项

A.negative

B.optimistic

C.pleasant

D.disappointed

问题4选项

A.developed

B.centralized

C.realized

D.commercialized

问题5选项

A.users

B.producers

C.customers

D.citizens

问题6选项

A.away

B.for

C.aside

D.behind

问题7选项

A.containing

B.preventing

C.keeping

D.combating

问题8选项

A.bring

B.keep

C.hold

D.take

问题9选项

A.at

B.with

C.of

D.for

问题10选项

A.construction

B.facility

C.infrastructure

D.institution

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:D

第8题:D

第9题:B

第10题:C

【解析】（1）文中指示代词that指代前面出现的名词，中心词为前面出现的so-calleddigitaldivide，divide为中心词。选项A符合题意。

（2）根据上下文语境。根据positive可以判断出，被修饰的单词应该是具有积极意义的名词。根据语境单词force最为合适。选项A符合题意。

（3）根据上下文语境。第一段主要是讲的存在一种力量可以抵抗数字化鸿沟，第二段的首句就提到了一些技术因素可以使数字鸿沟不断窄化。选项B符合题意。

（4）根据上下文语境。根据下文提到的theinterestofbusiness可以推测出，应该有商业化的意思，所以单词commercialized最为合适，选项D符合题意。

（5）根据上下文语境。文章一直在讨论“商业化”、“贸易这些话题”，所以空格中应该填入与之相关的词汇，customer最符合语境，选项C符合题意。

（6）考查短语的固定搭配。短语leavebehind“落后”，句意：企业担心自己的国家会落后。选项D符合题意。

（7）考查动词词义辨析。单词combat意思为“反对，与……战斗”，最符合语境，选项D符合题意。

（8）考查短语的固定搭配。takeadvantageof意思为“利用”，为固定搭配。选项D符合题意。

（9）考查短语的固定搭配。withrespectto“关于，至于”，选项B符合题意。

（10）考查单词释义理解。括号中的释义为“社会基本建筑基础”，选项C符合题意。

17.单选题

Hurricanesarekillerwinds,andtheir（）powerliesinthephysicaldamagetheycando.

问题1选项

A.prevalent

B.turbulent

C.destructive

D.cumulative

【答案】C

【解析】句意:飓风是具有杀伤力的风，其破坏性的力量在于其能够造成的物质损坏。

考查形容词辨析。Prevalent普遍的；流行的；turbulent动乱的；猛烈的；destructive毁灭性的；摧毁性的；cumulative累积的；渐增的。因此C项符合句意。

18.单选题

Thatterriblenoiseis（）memad.

问题1选项

A.driving

B.setting

C.putting

D.turning

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配题。drivesb.

使某人...。句意：那可怕的噪音快把我逼疯了。

19.单选题

Theheavilypopulatedareawasabreedingplacefor（）diseases.

问题1选项

A.infectious

B.powerful

C.influential

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】infectious传染的；powerful强大的；influential有影响力的；suspicious可疑的。句意：人口稠密的地区是传染病的滋生地。选项A符合句意。

20.单选题

Thesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudience（

）onbenches,chairsorboxes.

问题1选项

A.havingseated

B.seated

C.seating

D.havingbeenseated

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。现在分词通常强调动作的主动语态，而过去分词强调状态，强调被动语态或已经发生过的，根据句意‘促销通常在户外进行，人们坐在长凳、椅子或盒子上’确定B选项的seated表示坐的状态，正确。

21.单选题

Didyourmumanddadgotouniversity,ordidtheyleaveschoolandgostraighttotheJobCentre?Theeducationalexperienceofparentsisstillimportantwhenitcomestohowtoday’sstudentschooseanareaofstudyandwhattodoaftergraduation,accordingtoTheFuture-trackresearchintheUK.

TheresearchwasdonebytheHigherEducationCareersServiceUnit.Itplanstofollowuniversityapplicantsforsixyearsfrom2006throughtheirearlycareers.

Thefirstyear’sfindingscomefromastudyof130,000universityapplicants.Theyshowsignificantdifferencesinprospectivestudents’approachtohighereducation,dependingonwhethertheirparentsgotdegrees(second-generationapplicants)ordidn’t(first-generationapplicants).

First-generationapplicantsweremorelikelytosaythattheircareerandemploymentprospectswereuppermostintheirmindsindecidingtogotouniversity.Aboutone-fifthofthisgroupgave“toenablemetogetagoodjob”astheirmainreasonforchoosingHE.And37percentsaidthatadegreewas“partofmycareerplan”.

Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhouseholdwherefinancesarestretchedmayfindtheideaoflearningforitsownsaketobealuxury.Thisexplainstheexplosioninvocationalcourses.

AtPortsmouthUniversity,first-yearstudentKimBurnett,19,saysthatshespecificallychoseherdegreeinhealthresearchmanagementandpsychologytogetasecure,well-paidjob.HarrietEdge,20,studyingmedicineatManchesterUniversity,alsowantedjobsecurity.Herparentslackedcollegedegrees,thoughthefactthatheruncleisadoctorappearstohaveinfluencedherchoice.

“Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit’sprettylikelyyou’llgetajobattheend.That’sabigplus,asthedebtlevelsafterfiveyearsofstudyaregoingtobefrightening,”shesays.Manyexpertsbelievethatthissituationaffectsthosewithnofamilytraditionofhighereducationfarmorekeenly.Thefactthat26percentofrespondentssaidthattheyneededmoreadviceimpliesthatsomestudentsmayendupfeelingthattheirhighereducationinvestmentwasnotworthwhile.

Forthosewithgraduateparents,thislackofguidancemay,theresearcherssuggest,belessofaproblem.“But,forthosewithouttheadvantages,lackofaccesstocareerguidancebeforeapplyingforhighereducationleavesthemexposedtomakingpoorerchoices,”thesurveyconcludes.

1.Themainideaofthepassageisthat（）.

2.“HE”inthe4thparagraphprobablyrefe