考研考博-英语-广东环境保护工程职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东环境保护工程职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

His_____ingamblinghaseventuallybroughtabouthisruin.

问题1选项

A.indulgence

B.habit

C.action

D.engagement

【答案】A

【解析】indulgence嗜好，放纵，沉溺；habit习惯，嗜好；action行动，活动；engagement婚约，诺言。句意：沉溺于赌博最终导致了他的毁灭。indulgenceinsth.指放纵,任性（的习惯），选项A符合句意。

2.单选题

Thevirusisusuallyblood-borneandmay______almostanyorganinthebody.

问题1选项

A.patronize

B.infect

C.engrave

D.enroll

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项patronize“屈尊对待；赞助”；B选项infect“感染”；C选项engrave“在……上雕刻（字或图案）”；D选项enroll“注册”。句意：这种病毒通常是血液传播的，可以______几乎身体的任何器官。横线处和organ“器官”形成动宾关系，病毒感染身体，B选项infect“感染”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

3.单选题

II.LegalHistory

Beforetheupheavalsofthelate11thandearly12thcenturies,thepeoplesofEuropewereorganizedpoliticallyinaloose,complex,andoverlappingstructureof(1)localunits,(2)lordshipunits,(3)tribal(clan)units,(4)largeterritorialunitssuchasduchiesorprincipalities,whichmightincludeanumberoftribes(clans),and(5)kingdoms,ofwhichtheFrankishkingdom,fromtheyear800,wascalledanumpire.ThekingdomswereconceivednotasterritorialunitsbutprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeopleunderaking(emperor),whowasconsideredtobeChrist’sdeputyandsupremeheadofthechurchaswellasofthenobility,theclans,andthearmy.Thechurchitselfwasnotconceivedasapoliticalunitbutprimarilyasaspiritualcommunityledultimatelybythekingoremperorandintermediatelybybishops,ofwhomtheBishopofRomewasbytraditionthemostimportant.

Withinthisgeneralclassification,therewereverywidedifferencesfromlocalitytolocality,lordshipunittolordshipunit,tribalunittotribalunit,andsoon.TheeconomyofEuropebeforethe11thcenturywaslargelylocalandagrarian.Therewasverylittleintercommunication;apartfrommonksandsomeothersoftheclergyandasmallnumberofmerchants,andexceptformilitarycampaigns,onlythehighernobilityandkingstravelled.Therewerepracticallynopermanentrepresentativesofthecentralauthoritiesinthelocalities.Effortstoplacethemweregenerallyfrustrated.Notonlypowerbutalsoculturewaswidelydispersed.Thecustomsofoneplacemightdiffersubstantiallyfromthecustomsofanotherplacefiftymilesaway.

Nevertheless,thepoliticalorganizationofthepeoplesofEuropeintheperiodfrom6thtothe11thcenturiesrevealsacommonpatternofdevelopment.

Thesmallestlocalpoliticalunitsweregenerallycalledvillae(“villages”or“vills”);theseweregroupedintocentenarii(“hundreds”),whichweregrouped,inturn,intocomitatus(“counties”).TheselocalunitsfirstcameintobeingwhenthewanderingtribesfromwesternAsia,havingswallowedupwhatwasleftoftheRomanEmpireintheWest,finallysettleddowninthe4th,5thand6thcenturies.

Thesecondtypeofunit,lordshipunits,cameintobeingsoonthereafter.Theirnumberincreasedassettlers“commendedthemselves”toleadingpersonagesamongthemandpromisedtorenderservicesinternforfoodandclothingaswellasforprotectionagainstenemies.

55.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionofakingdombeforethe11thcenturyisNOTcorrect?

56.Theoneswhodidnottravelbeforethe11thcenturywere___.

57.Thereasonthattheeffortstoplacepermanentrepresentativesofthecentralauthoritiesinthelocalitiesweregenerallyfrustratedwasthat___.

58.Thepoliticalunitsfrom6thto11thcenturiesoriginatedin___.

问题1选项

A.TheFrankishkingdomwascalledanumpirefrom800A.D

B.Akingdomwasledbyakingoremperor,whowasconsideredtobethesupremeheadoftheterritory

C.ThekingdomswereconceivedprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeople

D.AkingdomwasoneoftheseveralstructuresofEuropeanpeople’spoliticalorganizations

问题2选项

A.monksandpriests

B.kingsandotherupper-classpeople

C.peasantswhowantedtoselltheirownproducts

D.merchants

问题3选项

A.thepowerandculturewerewidelydispersed

B.thepeopledidnotunderstandeachother

C.therewasnocommonpatternofdevelopment

D.thecustomsofdifferentplacesdifferedsubstantially

问题4选项

A.theleftoversoftheRomanEmpireintheWest

B.thelordshipunits

C.theleadingpersonagesamongthesettlers

D.thetribesfromwesternAsia

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】55.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第一段ThekingdomswereconceivednotasterritorialunitsbutprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeopleunderaking(emperor),whowasconsideredtobeChrist’sdeputyandsupremeheadofthechurchaswellasofthenobility,theclans,andthearmy.（王国不是作为领土单位，而是主要作为基督教人民在国王（皇帝）领导下的社区，国王被认为是基督的副手和教会以及贵族、氏族和军队的最高领袖）可知王国并不是领土单位，国王也不是领土的最高元首，B选项“一个王国是由国王或皇帝领导的，他被认为是领土的最高元首”错误，同时可知C选项“这些王国最初被认为是基督教人民的社区”符合原文；第一段(5)kingdoms,ofwhichtheFrankishkingdom,fromtheyear800,wascalledanumpire.（5王国，其中法兰克王国从800年起被称为裁判）可知A选项“法兰克王国从公元800年起被称为裁判”符合原文；第一段thepeoplesofEuropewereorganizedpoliticallyinaloose,complex,andoverlappingstructureof…and(5)kingdoms（欧洲人民在政治上是以松散、复杂和重叠的结构组织起来的……5王国）可知D选项“王国是欧洲人民政治组织的几个结构之一”符合原文。因此B选项符合题意。

56.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第二段…apartfrommonksandsomeothersoftheclergyandasmallnumberofmerchants,andexceptformilitarycampaigns,onlythehighernobilityandkingstravelled.（除了僧侣和其他一些神职人员以及少数商人之外，除了军事行动之外，只有贵族和国王出游）可知选C选项“农民想卖自己的产品”，原文中农民不会出游；A选项“僧侣和牧师”；B选项“国王和其他上层阶级的人”以及D选项“商人”在原文中都会出游，不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

57.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文第二段Withinthisgeneralclassification,therewereverywidedifferencesfromlocalitytolocality,lordshipunittolordshipunit,tribalunittotribalunit,andsoon…Effortstoplacethemweregenerallyfrustrated.Notonlypowerbutalsoculturewaswidelydispersed.Thecustomsofoneplacemightdiffersubstantiallyfromthecustomsofanotherplacefiftymilesaway.（在这一总体分类中，各地、领主单位与领主单位、部落单位与部落单位等都有很大的差异……安置它们的努力普遍受挫。不仅权力如此，文化也被广泛分散。一个地方的风俗习惯可能与五十英里外另一个地方的风俗习惯有很大的不同）可知权利和文化分散的原因都是每个地方的风俗都有很大的差异，选D选项“不同地方的风俗有很大的不同”，同时可知A选项“权力和文化被广泛分散”并不是常驻代表的努力普遍受挫的原因，权利和文化被分散的根本原因也是每个地方的风俗都有很大的差异；B选项“人们彼此不理解”以及C选项“没有共同的发展模式”原文未提及。因此D选项正确。

58.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第四段TheselocalunitsfirstcameintobeingwhenthewanderingtribesfromwesternAsia,havingswallowedupwhatwasleftoftheRomanEmpireintheWest,finallysettleddowninthe4th,5thand6thcenturies.（这些地方单位最初是在来自西亚的流浪部落吞没了罗马帝国在西方留下的东西，最终在4、5和6世纪定居下来时形成的）可知选A选项“罗马帝国在西方的残余”，B选项“贵族单位”和C选项“殖民者中的主要人物”原文未提及，D选项“来自西亚的部落”不符合原文所说的来自西亚的流浪部落。因此A选项正确。

4.单选题

Evidencecameupthat______speechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.

问题1选项

A.specific

B.distinctive

C.explicit

D.blunt

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项specific“特殊的，特定的；明确的；详细的”，着重指某种、某类事物具有的特殊或特定的属性；B选项distinctive“独特的，有特色的；与众不同的”，常被用来突出某个特点，也就是说由于某个特点的存在使其不同于其他的人或事物；C选项explicit“明确的；清楚的；直率的；详述的”；D选项blunt“钝的，不锋利的；生硬的；直率的”。句意：有证据表明，6个月大的婴儿就能识别______语音。此处强调语音，用“特定的”一词修饰更符合句意，所以A选项正确。

5.单选题

A____springhasfinallycometoSarajevo—andwithit,theillusionofrenewal.

问题1选项

A.tangible

B.barren

C.transient

D.tardy

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.tangible有形的B.barren贫瘠的

C.transient短暂的D.tardy缓慢的

【答案】C

【考查点】修饰语与被修饰语的搭配

【解题思路】空格处所填形容词修饰的是“春天”，只有C选项transient“短暂的”可以和春天搭配。

【干扰项排除】

A选项tangible“有形的”，与被修饰语“春天”搭配不当；

B选项barren“贫瘠的”，与被修饰语“春天”搭配不当；

D选项tardy“缓慢的”，与被修饰语“春天”搭配不当，可以说春天来得缓慢，不会说缓慢的春天。

【句意】萨拉热窝（Sarajevo）终于迎来了短暂的春天，随之而来的是复兴的幻觉。

6.单选题

Thechairmanmadea(n)（）statementbeforebeginningthemainbusinessofthemeeting.

问题1选项

A.intensive

B.intermediate

C.preliminary

D.operational

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。intensive加强的，集中的；intermediate中间的，起媒介作用的；preliminary初步的；operational操作的，运行的。句意：主席在开始会议的主要工作之前作了初步发言。选项C符合句意。

7.单选题

TheTitanicturnedjustintimeandnarrowlymissedtobestruckbytheimmensewallofice

A

B

whichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.

C

D

问题1选项

A.just

B.tobestruck

C.rose

D.beside

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。missdoingsth.意为“避免做某事”，此处表示被动，因此用过去分词。

试题答案：B;beingstruck

8.单选题

Inhernovelof“Reunion,AmericanStyle”,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion“ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?”

Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.AccordingtoastudyconductedbysocialpsychologistJackSparacino,theoverwhelmingmajoritywhoattendreunionsaren'tthereinvidiouslytocomparetheirrecentaccomplishmentswiththoseoftheirformerclassmates.Instead,theyhope,primarily,torelivetheirearliersuccesses.

Certainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattenD.Forthosewhoturnedupattheirreunions,then,theoldtimeswerealsothegoodtimes!

ItwouldappearthatAmericanshaveaspecialfondnessforreunions,judgingbytheirprevalence.Majorleaguebaseballplayers,fraternitymembers,veteransgroups,highschoolandcollegegraduates,andformerBoyScoutsallholdreunionsonaregularbasis.Inaddition,familyreunionsfrequentlyattractbloodrelativesfromfarawayplaceswhospendconsiderablemoneyandtimetoreunite.

Actually,intheiraffectionforreunitingwithfriends,familyorcolleagues,Americansareprobablynodifferentfromanyotherpeople,exceptthatAmericanshavecreatedamind-bogglingnumberandvarietyofinstitutionalizedformsofgatheringstofacilitatethesatisfactionofthisdesire.Indeed,reunionshaveincreasinglybecomeformaleventsthatareorganizedonaregularbasisand,intheprocess,theyhavealsobecomebigbusiness.

ShellNorrisofClassReunion,Inc.,saysthatChicagoalonehas1,500highschoolreunionseachyear.Aconservativeestimateonthenationallevelwouldbe10,000annually.Atonetime,allhighschoolreunionswereorganizedbyvolunteers,usuallyfemalehomemakers.Inthelastfewyears,however,asmoreandmorewomenhaveenteredthelabourforce,alumnireunionsareincreasinglybeingplannedbyspecializedcompaniesratherthanbypart-timevolunteers.

ThefirstcollegereunionwasheldbythealumniofYaleUniversityin1792.GraduatesofPennsylvania,Princeton,Stanford,andBrownfollowedsuit.Andbytheendofthe19thcentury,most4-yearinstitutionswereholdingalumnireunions.

Thevarietyofcollegereunionsisimpressive.AtPrinceton,alumniparadethroughthetownwearingtheirclassuniformsandsingingtheiralmamater.AtMariettaCollege,theygatherforadinner-danceonasteamshipcruisingtheOhioRiver.

Clearly,thethoughtofcruisingonasteamshipormarchingthroughthestreetsisusuallynot,byitself,sufficientreasonforlargenumbersofalumnitoreturntocampus.Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.Inanefforttoenhancethiscommonidentity,largercollegesanduniversitiesfrequentlybuildtheirclassreunionsonparticipationinsmallerunits,suchasdepartmentsorschools.Ortheyencourage“affinityreunions”forgroupsofformercheerleaders,editors,fraternitymembers,musicians,membersofmilitaryorganizationsoncampus,andthelike.

Ofcourse,noteveryalumnusisfondofhisorheralmamater.Studentswhograduatedduringthelate1960smaybeespeciallyreluctanttogetinvolvedinalumnievents.Theywerepartofthegenerationthatconductedsit-insandteach-insdirectedatuniversityadministrators,protestedmilitaryrecruitmentoncampusandmarchedagainst“establishmentpolitics.”Ifthisgenerationhasacommonidentity,itmayfalloutsideoftheiruniversityties—orevenbehostiletothem.Evenastheyentertheirmiddleyears,alumniwhocontinuetoholdunpleasantmemoriesofcollegeduringthisperiodmaynotwishtoattendclassreunions.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Sparacino'sstudy___.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadistinctfeatureofU.S.classreunions?

3.Whatmainlyattractsmanypeopletoreturntocampusforreunion?

4.Therhetoricalfunctionofthefirstparagraphisto___.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

问题1选项

A.providedstrongevidenceforJaffe’sstatement

B.showedthatattendeestendedtoexcelinhighschoolstudy

C.foundthatinterestinreunionswaslinkedwithschoolexperience

D.foundevidenceforattendees'intensedesireforshowingoffsuccess

问题2选项

A.U.S.classreunionsareusuallyoccasionstoshowoffone’srecentsuccess

B.Reunionsareregularandformaleventsorganizedbyprofessionalagencies

C.Classreunionshavebecomeaprofitablebusiness

D.Classreunionshavebroughtaboutavarietyofactivities

问题3选项

A.Thevarietyofactivitiesforclassreunion

B.Thespecialstatustheiruniversityenjoys

C.Sharedexperiencebeyondthecampus

D.Sharedundergraduateexperienceoncampus

问题4选项

A.introduceRonaJaffe’snovel

B.presenttheauthor’scounterargument

C.serveaspreludetotheauthor’sargument

D.bringintofocuscontrastingopinions

问题5选项

A.AhistoricalperspectiveforalumnireunionsintheUnitedStates

B.Reasonsforpopularityandattendanceforalumnireunions

C.AlumnireunionsandAmericanuniversitytraditions

D.Alumnireunionanditssocialandeconomicimplications

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干关键词“Sparacino'sstudy”可以定位到文章第三段中“Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattend.”，中文翻译为：在他的研究中，斯帕拉奇诺发现，作为高中生，参加者比那些选择不参加的同学更受欢迎，更常被视为有吸引力，更多地参与课外活动。可以得知B选项“表明参与者往往在高中学习中表现优异”正确。

2.细节事实题。由A选项“美国的班级聚会通常是炫耀自己最近成功的机会。”可以定位到原文第三段“Certainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.”，中文翻译为：当然，也有一些人回来向他们以前的同学展示他们做得多么好；还有一些人喜欢观察他们同学身上发生的变化（当然，他们自己并不总是这样）。但大多数参加班级聚会的人都是为了重温年轻时的美好时光。因此可知A选项错误，符合题意。

3.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章倒数第二段“Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.”，中文翻译为：决定参加校友聚会的校友们都有一个共同的身份，这个身份基于他们在一起度过的大学生时代。出于这个原因，那些以某种方式建立了共同纽带的大学——例如，因为它们规模相对较小或特别有声望——往往会吸引大量校友参加聚会。可知B

选项“他们大学享有的特殊地位”正确。

4.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段“Inhernovelof‘Reunion,AmericanStyle’,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion‘ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?’”中文翻译为：在她的小说《美国风格的重聚》中，罗娜•贾菲暗示，一次班级聚会“不仅仅是一次感伤的旅程。这也是一种回答隐藏在我们所有人内心深处的问题的方式。他们比我做得好吗?”。以及原文第二段“Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.”，中文翻译为：贾菲的观察也许放错了地方，但并不是完全没有意义。判断出C选项“作为作者论证的前奏。”正确。

5.主旨大意题。通读全文判断出答案为A选项“美国校友聚会的历史视角”，D选项“校友聚会及其对社会和经济的影响。”属于文章第四段、第五段内容，B选项“受欢迎和出席校友聚会的原因。”属于文章第二段、第三段的内容，C选项“校友聚会和美国大学传统。”属于文章第六段、第七段、第八段、第九段的内容。

9.单选题

Attheheightofthefinancialcrisis,alltheycoulddowas______andhopethatconditionswouldimprove.

问题1选项

A.holdon

B.getalong

C.geton

D.lookon

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项holdon“坚持；稍等”；B选项getalong“与……和睦相处”；C选项geton“继续做；开始做”；D选项lookon“把……当作”。句意：在金融危机最严重的时候，他们能做的只有______，并希望情况会有所改善。they和横线处构成主谓关系，在金融危机时，只有A选项holdon“坚持”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

Iusuallyletmychildrenmaketheirowndecisions,nowthattheyhavegrownup,Iwouldn’t（）tointerfere.

问题1选项

A.assume

B.consume

C.resume

D.presume

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我经常让孩子们自己拿主意，既然他们已经长大，那么我就不会擅自进行干涉。

考查动词辨析。assume采取，承担，假设，想当然;consume消耗，消费；resume重新开始，继续；presume假定，推测，擅自。因此D符合句意。

11.单选题

Themanagerrealizedtheimportanceofqualifiedstaff,andurgedall________toparticipateinthetrainingprogram.

问题1选项

A.concerning

B.theconcerning

C.concerned

D.theconcerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词的用法。四个选项都跟concerned有关，句意：经理意识到了合格员工的重要性，并且敦促所有（）参加培训项目。A，B选项没有名词词义，代入句中会造成宾语缺失，所以排除；The+形容词表示一类人，因为concerning没有形容词的词性，所以D选项错误，答案选C。

12.单选题

Thatwouldcauseanoutcryandaddseveralpercentagepointstoinflation,andcouldeasilycheckspendingand（）therecoveryinitscradle.

问题1选项

A.impel

B.stage

C.strangle

D.invigorate

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。impel“趋使，推动”；stage“筹划，举行”；strangle“绞杀，使窒息”；invigorate“鼓舞”。句意：这将引起强烈的抗议，并且使通货膨胀增加几个百分点，而且会控制消费，使复苏在摇篮中就被扼杀。选项C符合题意。

13.单选题

Surprisingly,nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation.Properrecordsarejustnotkept.

Weknowthatmorethan850,000childrengothroughhospitaleachyear,andthateverychildofschoolagehasalegalrighttocontinuetoreceiveeducationwhileinhospital.Wealsoknowthereisonlyonehospitalteachertoevery1,000childreninhospital.

Littlewonderthelatestsurveyconcludesthattheextentandtypeofhospitalteachingavailabledifferagreatdealacrossthecountry.ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEngland,whichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhasonlyapart-timeteacher.Thespecialchildren’shospitalsinmajorcitiesdobestgeneralhospitalsinthecountryandholidayareasareworstoff.

Fromthissurvey,onecanestimatethatfewerthanoneinfivechildrenhavesomecontactwithahospitalteacher—andthatcontactmaybeaslittleastwohoursaday.Mostchildreninterviewedweresurprisedtofindateacherinhospitalatall.Theyhadnotbeenpreparedforitbyparentsoftheirownschool.Iftherewasateacher,theyweremuchmorelikelytoreadbooksanddomathornumberwork,withoutateachertheywouldonlyplaygames.

Reasonsforhospitalteachingrangefrompreventingachildfallingbehindandmaintainingthehabitofschooltokeepingachildoccupied,andthelatterisoftenalltheteachercando.Thepositionandinfluenceofmanyteacherswassummedupwhenpatentsofferedtothemas“thelibrarylady”orjust“thehelper”.

Childrentendtorelyonconcernedschoolfriendstokeepintouchwithschoolwork.Severalparentsspokeofrequestsforworkbeingignoredorrefusedbytheschool.Oncebackatschoolchildrenrarelygetextrateaching,andaretoldtocatchupasbesttheycan.

Manyshort-staychild-patientscatchupquickly.Butschoolsdoverylittletoeasetheanxietyaboutfallingbehindexpressedbymanyofthechildreninterviewed.

1.Theauthorpointsoutatthebeginningthat______.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthelatestsurveythat______.

3.Childreninhospitalusuallyturnto______inordertocatchupwiththeirschoolwork.

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethattheauthoris______.

问题1选项

A.everychildinhospitalreceivessometeaching

B.notenoughisknownabouthospitalteaching

C.hospitalteachingisofpoorquality

D.thespecialchildren’shospitalsareworstoff

问题2选项

A.hospitalteachingacrossthecountryissimilar

B.eachhospitalhasatleastoneparttimeteacher

C.allhospitalsurveyedoffereducationtochildren

D.onlyone-fourthofthehospitalshavefull-timeteachers

问题3选项

A.hospitalteachers

B.schoolmates

C.parents

D.schoolteachers

问题4选项

A.unfavorabletowardschildrenreceivingeducationinhospitals

B.infavorofthepresentstateofteachinginhospitals

C.unsatisfiedwiththepresentstateofhospitalteaching

D.satisfiedwiththeresultsofthelatestsurvey

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation（没有人知道有多少孩子能在英国的医院接受教育，更不用说教育的内容和质量了）可知B选项“对医院教学知之甚少”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEngland,whichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhasonlyapart-timeteacher.（据发现，英国有一半的医院没有教师。另外四分之一的医院只有兼职教师）可推测只有四分之一的医院有全职教师，因此选D。

3.细节事实题。由文章倒数第二段中的Childrentendtorelyonconcernedschoolfriendstokeepintouchwithschoolwork.（孩子们往往依靠相关的学校朋友来赶上学校的功课）可知选B。

4.观点态度题。本文主要介绍了医院中的存在的教学问题，比如教师的严重缺少。根据调查结果及文章最后一段中的Butschoolsdoverylittletoeasetheanxietyaboutfallingbehindexpressedbymanyofthechildreninterviewed.（但学校在缓解许多受访儿童对落后的焦虑方面收效甚微）可知作者对当前的医院教学现状是不满意的，因此选C。

14.写作题

“Financialgainshouldbethemostimportantfactorinchoosingacareer.”

Discusstheextenttowhichyouagreewiththeopinionstatedabove.Supportyourviewswithreasonsand/orexamplesfromownexperience,observations,orreading.

【答案】FinancialGainShouldNotBetheMostImportantFactorinChoosingaCareer15.单选题

WhenImakeapromise,Ialways（）it.

问题1选项

A.keep

B.hold

C.catch

D.carry

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。句意：当我许下承诺时，我一定会信守诺言。keeppromise意为“信守承诺”，所以选项A正确。

16.单选题

Althoughhewasnotcaughtcheatingontheexam,thefeelingofguilt_______overandoveragain.

问题1选项

A.ascended

B.conquered

C.secured

D.recurred

【答案】D

【解析】ascended上升,追溯;conquered战胜,征服;secured安全的,有把握的;recurred重现。句意：虽然他在考试中作弊没有被抓,但他的负罪感还是一遍又一遍地浮现。选项D符合句意。

17.单选题

Thedirectionwereso（）thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

问题1选项

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ingenious“有独创性的”；ambitious“有野心的”；notorious“臭名昭著的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：指示太模糊了，不可能完成这项任务。选项D符合题意。

18.单选题

Bothofthemaretoostubborntoagreeto（）,sotheyhadtobeassignedtodifferentbranches.

问题1选项

A.afriendship

B.acompromise

C.ajudgment

D.anemotion

【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析题。句意：他们两个都很固执,

不肯妥协,

所以不得不分管不同的部门。选项B项符合句意。

19.单选题

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic（官僚主义的）managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand"human-relations"experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife-Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalaiybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubniissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyarctestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone'sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century"freeenterprise"capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities―thoseofallloveandofreason―aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By"awell-oiledcoginthemachinery"theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis（）.

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat（）.

3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose（）.

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorputsforwardasuggestionthatweshould（）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof（）.

问题1选项

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual'sfunctionisnegligible

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

问题2选项

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

问题3选项

A.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

问题4选项

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

问题5选项

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.susceptibility

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段“...yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless...”,由此推断,作者将人比喻成机械中运转良好的齿轮,实则是想表明人们相对于社会中其他部分来说已经变得不那么重要了。选项C符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段的内容可知,工人和雇员们焦虑不仅是因为他们可能面临着失业,他们焦虑也因为他们不能获得任何有趣的生活和真正的满足,但是真正的原因还是第二段的最后一句“Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.”,选项D他们被剥夺了个性和独立性,符合原文,所以选D。

3.判断推理题。根据原文以及题干可知,作者认为这些人之所以焦虑是因为处于一个竞争激