考研考博-英语-中国消防救援学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国消防救援学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly400feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopletomigrateinland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifteddrasticallyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgaverisetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.

AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektopondertheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolutioninunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet'senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimates(灵长目动物)some65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs,fromthehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

ThenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentalsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenign(宜人的)globalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000years——duringwhichagriculture,writing,citiesandmostotherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared—isamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth'sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.

1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged.

2.Earthscientistshavecometounderstandthatclimate（

）.

3.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution

（

）.

4.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat

（

）.

5.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.togiveuphisformerwayoflife

B.toleavethecoastalareas

C.tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation

D.toabandonhisoriginalsettlement

问题2选项

A.isgoingthroughafundamentalchange

B.hasbeengettingwarmerfor10,000years

C.willeventuallychangefromhottocold

D.hasgonethroughperiodicalchanges

问题3选项

A.hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges

B.hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges

C.haslargelybeenaffectedbyclimaticchanges

D.hashadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges

问题4选项

A.humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarth'senvironment

B.Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference

C.Earth’sclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture

D.Earth’sclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthefuture

问题5选项

A.humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimaticchanges

B.mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesofclimate

C.manhastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarmingprocess

D.humancivilizationwillcontinuetodevelopinspiteofthechangesofnature

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据第一段的倒数第二句“Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming...”在把他们周围的许多动物逼到濒临灭绝的边缘后，人们被迫放弃他们原有的生活方式，转而采用一种全新的生存战略，导致了大面积的饥饿和疾病。这种适应就是农业由此可知，农业作为一种生存战略出现是因为人们放弃了原有的生活方式，选项A符合原文。

第2题:判断推理题。题目问的是气候是如何变化的。根据关键词“earthscientists”定位到第二段的内容“Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet'senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.”研究人员已经开始拼凑出一幅清晰的图像，阐明强大的地质和天文力量结合在一起改变了地球的环境，从热到冷，从潮湿到干燥，周而复始这些可以追溯到数亿年前。由此可以推断，气候的变化是周期性的，阶段性的，所以选项D正确。

第3题:细节事实题。根据关键词“humanevolution”定位到第三段“Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.”最重要的是，科学家们开始意识到气候变化对人类物种的进化产生了重大影响。选项C符合原文。

第4题:细节事实题。根据最后一段最后一句“Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth'sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.”事实上，过去的气候变化模式表明，即使没有人类活动的影响，未来的地球气候肯定也会经历巨大的变化。选项C符合原文。

第5题:主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是气候变化对人类活动的影响。文章末尾还指出，即使没有人类活动的影响，全球气候依然会发生巨大的变化，所以作者主要强调的是：面对气候的急剧变化，人类实际上是无能为力的。选项B正确。

2.单选题

Whensnowcollectsontopofabuildingduringthewinter,theweightsometimesweakenstheconstructionandoccasionallycausestherooftocollapse.

问题1选项

A.melts

B.accumulates

C.selects

D.scatters

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.melts融化B.accumulates积累

C.selects选择D.scatters分散

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】后文提到“积雪的重量有时会削弱建筑结构（weakenstheconstruction），有时会导致屋顶倒塌（causestherooftocollapse）”，雪花本来是很轻的，只有积累到一定程度才会很重，有使房屋倒塌的能力，原词collect“收集；聚集”，因此B选项accumulates“积累”与原词最接近。

【干扰项排除】

A选项melts“融化”，雪花融化了就更不可能有使房屋倒塌的影响力了，不符合句意；

C选项selects“选择”，没有依据；

D选项scatters“分散”，分散了的话，重量会更轻，不会使房屋倒塌，不符合句意。

【句意】当积雪在冬天堆积在建筑物顶部时，积雪的重量有时会削弱建筑结构，有时会导致屋顶倒塌。

3.单选题

Mentalandphysicalhealthprofessionalsmayconsiderreferringclientsandpatientstoamusictherapistforanumberofreasons.Itseemsaparticularlygoodchoiceforthesocialworkerwhoiscoordinatingaclient’scase.Musictherapistsusemusictoestablisharelationshipwiththepatientandtoimprovethepatient’shealth,usinghighlystructuredmusicalinteractions.Patientsandtherapistsmaysing,playinstruments,andcomposemusic,dance,orsimplylistentomusic,dance,orsimplylistentomusic.

Thecourseoftrainingformusictherapistsiscomprehensive.Inadditiontotheirformalmusicalandtherapytraining,musictherapistsaretaughttodiscernwhatkindsofinterventionswillbemostbeneficialforeachindividualpatient.Sinceeachpatientisdifferentandhasdifferentgoals,themusictherapistmustbeabletounderstandthePatient’ssituationandchoosethemusicandactivitiesthatwilldothemosttowardhelpingthepatientachievehisorhergoals.Thereferringsocialworkercanhelpthisprocessbyclearlyarticulatingeachclient'shistory.

Althoughpatientsmaydeveloptheirmusicalskills,thatisnotthemaingoalofmusictherapy.Anyclientwhoneedsparticularworkoncommunicationoronacademic,—emotionalandsocialskills,andwhoisnotrespondingtotraditionaltherapy,isanexcellentcandidateformusictherapy.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestorganizesthemaintopicsaddressedinthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthispassage?

3.Accordingtoinformationpresentedinthepassage,musictherapycanbeprescribedforsocialworkclientswho（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowinginferencescanbedrawnfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.ITheroleofmusictherapyinsocialworkIILocatingamusictherapistIIIHowtotrainmusictherapists

B.IUsingmusicintherapyIIAtypicalmusictherapyinterventionIIIWhentoprescribemusictherapyforsociopaths

C.IMusictherapyandsocialworkIITrainingformusictherapistsIIISkillsaddressedbymusictherapy

D.IHowtochooseamusictherapistIIWhentorefertoamusictherapistIIIWhobenefitsthemostfrommusictherapy

问题2选项

A.HowtoUseMusictoCombatDepression

B.MusicTherapy:ARoleinSocialWork?

C.TrainingforaCareerinMusicTherapy

D.TheSocialWorkerasMusicTherapist

问题3选项

A.needtodevelopcopingskills

B.wereorphanedaschildren

C.needtoresolvefamilyissues

D.needtoimprovesocialskills

问题4选项

A.Musictherapycansucceedwheretraditionaltherapieshavefailed.

B.Musictherapyisarelativelynewfield.

C.Musictherapyisparticularlybeneficialforyoungchildren.

D.Musictherapyisonlyappropriateinalimitednumberofcircumstances.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.主旨概括题。题目提问‘下列哪项最好地组织了这篇文章的主题?’文章共三段，第一段的主要话题是音乐疗法与社会工作，第二段的主题是音乐理疗师的培训，第三段是音乐疗法的目的及针对的主要人群，所以C选项正确。

2.主旨概括题。题目提问‘以下哪个是这篇文章最合适的标题？’由上一题可知文章的主要讲音乐疗法与社会工作，所以B选项‘音乐疗法：在社会中的角色’正确。

3.细节题。题目提问‘根据信息的通道，音乐疗法可以为…….社会工作客户治疗？’根据文章第三段最后一句“Anyclientwhoneedsparticularworkoncommunicationoronacademic,—emotionalandsocialskills,andwhoisnotrespondingtotraditionaltherapy,isanexcellentcandidateformusictherapy.任何需要在沟通或学术、情感和社交技能方面进行特殊工作的客户，如果对传统疗法没有反应，都是音乐疗法的最佳人选。”确定A选项‘需要发展应对技巧’正确。

4.推断题。题目提问‘下列哪个推论可以从文章中得出?’，所以直接看选项。A选项‘在传统疗法失败的地方，音乐疗法都能成功’表达过于绝对，与文中的“对传统的心理疗法不起作用的病人可以参加音乐疗法培训”不符，排除；C选项‘音乐疗法尤其有益于幼儿’不正确，因为文中都没有提及幼儿，排除；根据文中最后一句“对传统治疗方法不起作用的任何人都是音乐疗法的最佳人选”确定音乐疗法的适用性很广，所以D选项‘音乐疗法仅仅适用于有限的情况’不正确。根据排除法及常识可推知B选项‘音乐疗法是一个比较新的领域’正确。

4.单选题

OnthenorthbankoftheOhioRiversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andofariverboatcasino(aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed).Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,Williams,astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproximately$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.

Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer，a“FunCard”，whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinks,andenablesthecasinototracktheuser’sgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,thoseactivitiesbecomewhathecalls“electronicheroin”.

(1).

In1997helost$21，000tooneslotmachineintwodays.InMarch1997helost$72,186.Hesometimesplayedtwoslotmachinesatatime,allnight,untiltheboatdockedat5a.m.,thenwentbackaboardwhenthecasinoopenedat9a.m.Nowheissuingthecasino,chargingthatitshouldhaverefusedhispatronagebecauseitknewhewasaddicted.Itdidknowhehadaproblem.InMarch1998afriendofWilliams’sgothiminvoluntarilyconfinedtoatreatmentcenterforaddictions,andwrotetoinformthecasinoofWilliams’sgamblingproblem.ThecasinoincludedaphotoofWilliamsamongthoseofbannedgamblers,andwrotetohima“ceaseadmissions”letter.Notingthemedical/psychologicalnatureofproblemgamblingbehavior,thelettersaidthatbeforebeingreadmittedtothecasinohewouldhavetopresentmedical/psychologicalinformationdemonstratingthatpatronizingthecasinowouldposenothreattohissafetyorwell-being.

(2).

TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning:“Enjoythefun...andalwaysbetwithyourhead,notoverit.”Everyentranceticketlistsatoll-freenumberforcounselingfromtheIndianaDepartmentofMentalHealth.Nevertheless,Williams’suitchargesthatthecasino,knowinghewas“helplesslyaddictedtogambling”，intentionallyworkedto“lure”himto“engageinconductagainsthiswill”.Well.

(3).

ThefourtheditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorderssays“pathologicalgambling”involvespersistent,recurringanduncontrollablepursuitlessofmoneythanofthrilloftakingrisksinquestofawindfall.

(4).

Pushedbyscience,orwhatclaimstobescience,societyisreclassifyingwhatoncewereconsideredcharacterflawsormoralfailingsaspersonalitydisordersakintophysicaldisabilities.

(5).

Forty-fourstateshavelotteries,29havecasinos,andmostofthesestatesaretovaryingdegreesdependenton—youmightsayaddictedto—revenuesfromwagering.AndsincethefirstInternetgamblingsitewascreatedin1995,competitionforgamblers,dollarshasbecomeintense.TheOct.28issueofNewsweekreportedthat2milliongamblerspatronize1,800virtualcasinoseveryweek.With$3.5billionbeinglostonInternetwagersthisyear,gamblinghaspassedpornographyastheWeb’smostprofitablebusiness.

问题1选项

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

问题2选项

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

问题3选项

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

问题4选项

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

问题5选项

A.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.

B.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?

C.Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.

D.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.

E.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonit.

F.Itisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.

G.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:F

第5题:D

【解析】1.考查上下文语义题。根据空格上文，描述了Williams从一开始不赌博到输钱的数目越来越大，说明他的赌瘾也越来越大，空格后文也提到了他玩老虎机也输了很多钱，所以根据上下文语境，推断出空格中的内容应该和他输钱的经历相关，用输钱的具体数据进行对比，最能说明他上瘾的过程。选项C符合题意。

2.逻辑关系题。空格上文提到威廉姆的朋友将他送进了戒毒中心，并且赌场也把威廉姆纳入了禁止赌博人名单内，认为赌博行为对他造成了心理和健康伤害，在下次进入赌场前，需要提供赌场不会给他造成安全和健康威胁的证明。空格下文提到尽管赌场知道他成瘾了，但是仍然诱惑他做违背自己意愿的事，还是继续纵容他。前后形成了一个转折，尽管威廉姆没有出示证明，赌场仍然给他发邮件，而且进赌场使用娱乐卡并没有被发现。所以赌场并没有按上文说的抑制他赌博成瘾的行为，而是继续诱惑纵容他。选项A符合题意。

3.考查上下文语义题。根据上文，“workedto‘lure’himto‘engageinconductagainsthiswill’…”，赌场明明知道他赌博成瘾还试图引诱他从事一些违背自己意愿的行为，所以空格是对这一段内容的一个承接，是对上一句话的进一步补充，B选项中也有lure和will两个单词，所以选项B符合题意。

4.考查上下文语义题。空格前一句提到，心理障碍诊断统计手册第四版为“病理赌博”下了定义，其表现为：持续、反复且无法自控地对金钱的追求，寻求意外之财的冒险的刺激。空格应该是对“病理赌博”这一医学术语进行了进一步解释，下文出现“characterflaws”性格缺陷和选项中的“weaknessofwill”意志薄弱，形成了照应，选项F符合题意。

5.考查上下文语义题。空格上文提到美国社会正在把以前视为性格缺陷或精神失常的情况重新划为残障病态人之内，所以空格应该会对这个话题进行总结，选项D中“asin,orasocialdisease”一种罪恶，一种社会疾病，呼应了上文。空格下文提到了，在美国，赌博具有普遍性，存在很多彩票和赌场，线上赌博网站获利最丰，说明美国政府是支持赌博行业的。选项D也提到了美国政府是赌博最积极最重要的推动者，启示了下文。所以D项是一个过渡语段，承上启下。选项D符合题意。

5.单选题

Joereturnedfromvacationandwokeupcompletely（）.

问题1选项

A.refreshed

B.beingrefreshed

C.havingrefreshed

D.havingbeenrefreshed

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。B选项是动名词的被动形式，“beingdone”，C选项是动名词的完成形式“havingdone”，D选项是动名词的完成+被动形式“havingbeendone”，句意：乔度假回来，醒来后精神抖擞。所以本题的正确答案应该是A选项。

6.单选题

Onemajorobstacle[A]toeconomicdevelopmentispopulationgrowth.[B]Thepopulationsofmostdevelopingcountriesgrowataratemuchfasterthan[C]thatofindustrializedcountries.Onereasonforthisgrowthisthehighcrudebirth-rate—thenumberof[D]livebirthsper1,000people.

问题1选项

A.to

B.Thepopulations

C.that

D.livebirths

【答案】C

【解析】考查代词用法。B选项与C选项中间有比较标志than说明两者之间有比较。C选项的that指代thepopulations，应与前面的复数形式保持一致，应把that改为those。

7.单选题

Herfamilytakes（）overherwork.

问题1选项

A.percentage

B.priority

C.perspect

D.preparation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项percentage“百分比；百分率”；B选项priority“优先；优先权”；C选项perspect“专辑名称”；D选项preparation“预备；准备。句意：对她来说，家庭比工作重要。因此B项符合句意，takepriorityoversth.优先考虑，优先于某事。

8.单选题

Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople______harmthem.

问题1选项

A.morethan

B.otherthan

C.ratherthan

D.muchthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项morethan“多于”，B项otherthan“除了，不同于”，C项ratherthan“而不是”，D项muchthan“比……多”。根据空格前后的benefitthepeople（造福于人）和harmthem（伤害他们）可知，前后是对比关系，填入ratherthan符合。句意：发展核科学应该造福人民，而不是危害人民。因此，该题选择C项。

9.单选题

Wemustlearntomeetmisfortunegracefully.

问题1选项

A.adversity

B.famine

C.enormity

D.nuance

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.adversity逆境；不幸B.famine饥荒

C.enormity巨大；暴行D.nuance细微差别

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意：我们必须学会优雅地面对不幸。划线词misfortune意为“厄运；不幸”。因此A选项与之意思相近，选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】我们必须学会优雅地面对不幸。

10.单选题

Theyoungwomanwassobeautifulthatshe______everyotherwomanattheball.

问题1选项

A.belittled

B.foiled

C.offset

D.eclipsed

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.belittled贬低；小看B.foiled挫败；阻止

C.offset抵消；弥补D.eclipsed使失色；黯然失色

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据so…that可知，此处是结果状语从句，根据前半句句意“那位年轻女子是如此漂亮”可推知，she______everyotherwoman是指“她令其他女子黯然失色”，故该题选择D项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项都不符合句意。

【句意】那位年轻女子太漂亮了，使舞会上的其他妇女黯然失色。

11.单选题

Marriedcouplescangetadivorceiftheyfindtheyarenot（

）

.

问题1选项

A.compatible

B.comparable

C.comfortable

D.communicable

【答案】A

【解析】compatible能共处的,兼容的；comparable可比较的,比得上的；communicable可传达的,会传染的。句意:已婚夫妇如果发现彼此不能和谐共处,可以选择离婚。选项A符合语境。

12.单选题

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

问题1选项

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打扰；checkout检查；takedown拿下,记下；pulldown推翻,摧毁。句意:我们最好把整个地方都检查一下,以防被安了窃听器。选项B符合句意。

13.单选题

Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone."Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,"wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago."Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathird,ofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toafifth,ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace."

Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline（肾上腺素）arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.

Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.

Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblem.

Phil'sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause"thecarmightbreakdown."Growingupinsuchahome,Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.

1.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,"ourparticularcreature"refersto（）.

2.Fearcanbeausefulemotiontousbecauseitcan（）.

3.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen（）.

4.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat（）.

5.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour（）.

问题1选项

A.fearofsomething

B.afiercebeast

C.physicalpain

D.publicridicule.

问题2选项

A.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbody

B.quickenourheartbeatandresponses

C.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstream

D.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves.

问题3选项

A.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyis.

B.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysical

C.onecannotstandthedanger

D.oneisnotwellpreparedforit

问题4选项

A.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydanger.

B.people'sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeature

C.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoise.

D.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise.

问题5选项

A.homeeducation

B.schooleducation

C.parents'lifestyle

D.earlyexperiences

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据上文提到的，恐惧对每个人来说几乎都是一个问题，每个人害怕的事物不一样，所以这里提到的我们这些特殊的生物是指对某种事物感到害怕。选项A正确，选项B，C，D都是指某一类人害怕的东西，不能以偏概全，所以错误。

2.根据第二段的内容可知，恐惧是一种有用的情感是因为它能帮助我们面对危险时快速做出反应并自我保护。选项D符合原文。其他选项都只涉及生理反应而忽略了心理反应，太片面。

3.根据第二段的最后一句“Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.”只有当恐惧与眼前的危险不成比例时，它才会成为一个问题。也就是说，当危险被认为比实际上更大时，恐惧就会成为一个问题。选项A正确。

4.根据第三段第一句“Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.”有些人只是比其他人更容易受到恐惧的影响。以及第三段的最后一句“Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.”从出生开始，他或她更容易学习恐惧的反应，因为他或她遗传了一种更敏感的倾向。选项A符合原文。

5.根据第四段的第一句“psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.”可知选项D正确。

14.单选题

Suchanapproachforcesthemanagerstocommunicatewithoneanotherandhelps（

）rigiddepartmentalboundaries.

问题1选项

A.passover

B.standfor

C.breakdown

D.setoff

【答案】C

【解析】考察动词词组辨析。passover“越过，忽略”；standfor“代表，支持”；breakdown“分解；消除；失败；发生故障”；setoff“出发，引起”。句意：这种方法迫使经理们相互交流，帮助他们消除严格的部门界限。选项C符合题意。

15.单选题

Mr.Jenkinsdrovealongathisusualhighspeed（

）forpolicecarsinhismirrorfromtimetotimetomakesurehewassafe.

问题1选项

A.pullingout

B.runningthrough

C.goingahead

D.watchingout

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。pullout“离开；撤离；拔出”；runthrough“跑