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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广州华立科技职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题
Themailwas()fortwodaysbecauseofthesnowstorm.
问题1选项
A.heldback
B.heldout
C.heldup
D.heldon
【答案】A
【解析】heldback隐瞒,
退缩,
控制,
阻止;heldout提出,
显示;heldup举起,
提出,
支持;heldon等一下,
继续。句意:由于暴风雪的原因,
邮件延误了两天。只有选项A符合句意。
2.单选题
WhenUseHaddasoldherroomy,threebedroomhouseayearagotomoveintoatwo-bedroomcondoinBerkeley,California,shestruggledtoarrangeheroldfurnitureinhernewspace.Familiarpiecesthathadfittogethersonaturallybeforenolongerconnectedinthesamehomeyway.Nothingseemedtowork.Hersevenlargewoodenbookshelves,standingtogetherintheliving/diningroomarea,lookedawkwardandalittleoverwhelming.Shecouldn’tfindspaceforherfavoriteleatherchairandtheotherfurnituregroupedaroundthelivingroomfireplace.Inanalcoveoffthemasterbedroom,herdeskfeltoutofplaceandgotinthewayofthein-wallironingboard."Iwasfrustratedbecauseitlookedawful,shesays.
Haddaturnedtoasurprisingsourceforhelpthe"homestager"she'dhiredearliertostripthepersonalityfromheroldhomesoitwouldbemoreattractivetopotentialbuyers.
It'snotasstrangeasitsounds.Real-estateagentsoftenrecommendthatsellershireahomestager(alsoknownasreal-estateenhancer)towhiskthroughtheirhomesand"neutralize"thembeforetheygoonthemarket.When"stagingtosell,"ahomestager,sometimeswiththehelpofateam,stashesawaypersonalitems(yourcollectionofantiquedolls,forexample,orthemodelboatonthemantel);repaintsaggressivelycoloredwalls,andrearrangesfurnitureandaccessoriestodrawattentiontoahome'sbestfeatures."Stagingtolive,"asit'scalled,isthelogicalnextstep.Havingcometoappreciatetheclean,unclutteredlookthestagerachievedintheiroldhomes,sellerarerehiringstagerstoworkthesamemagicintheirnewhome.Butthistime,insteadofseekingtodepersonalizeyourabode,theemphasisisonorganizing,decluttering,andrearrangingto"de-stress"theenvironment,saysBarbSchwarz,who'sbeenstaginghomesformorethan30yearsandfoundedtheInternationalAssociationofHomeStagingProfessionalsfouryearsago.
"It'svisualtherapy,"saysSchwarz."It'saboutfine-tuningaspacetoimproveitsenergyandtheflowfromroomtoroom,"shesays.Schwarzestimatesthatabout40percentofherstaging-to-sellclientsaskhertostagetheirnewhomes.
Stagingisalsoaboutgettingridoffamiliarobjectsthathomeownersareoverlyattachedto,saysinteriordesignerPatMcMillan,coauthorofHomeDecoratingforDummies.Astager"canbebrutallyhonest"aboutdisposingofclutterandrelegatingtattyfamilyheirloomstothecloset.
Anyonecanhangoutashingleinthisrapidlygrowingfield,throughathree-daycourseatoneofSchwarz'sStagingUniversitytrainingprogramswhichcoverssuchtopicsastrafficpatterns,furniturearrangement,and"familylifestyle”,earnsgraduatestherighttocallthemselvesAccreditedStagingProfessionals.Feesvarywidelybuttypicallyrunabout$75anhour.Dependingonthenumberofrooms,thetotalfeetostageahomemayrangeanywherefrom$750to$3,0000,saysSchwarz.
1.Thesentence"Nothingseemedtowok"(Paragraph1)probablymeans().
2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothethirdparagraph?
3.Wemayinferfromthethirdparagraphthat().
4.Accordingtothepassage,thestagerfieldistheoneinwhich?
问题1选项
A.herfurniturelosttheirfunctionsfortheirnewarrangement
B.shehadlostherjobandhadnothingtodo
C.herfurnitureweretoooldtobeusedanylonger
D.shedidn'tlikeherfurnitureanymorefortheirawfullooking
问题2选项
A.Onehomestagerisenoughtodoalltheworks.
B.Thestagerstrytheirbesttopreventthehousefrombeingsold.
C.Personalitemsofthehomeownerwillbeusedtodrawattention.
D.Wallswithinappropriatecolorswillberepainted.
问题3选项
A.stagingtoliveisacertainstepforallthe"stagingtosell"clients.
B.stagersarerehiredtohelptheclientsorganizetheirnewhouses.
C.stagersarerehiredtohelptheclientsselltheirnewhouses.
D.stagingtolivecostsmuchmorethanthestepof“stagingtosell”.
问题4选项
A.anyonecanbuyasatisfyinghousefrom
B.anyonecanearnalotofmoney
C.anyonecanhaveatry
D.anyonecanstartatrainingcompany
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:D
第3题:B
第4题:C
【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“句子‘没有什么看起来发挥了作用’可能是什么意思?”文章第一段第二句提到曾经摆放在一起的成套的家具现在却不再按照以前的方式摆放了(Familiarpiecesthathadfittogethersonaturallybeforenolongerconnectedinthesamehomeyway);第四句提到她的七个大型的木制书柜被摆放在客厅里面,使它们看起来不协调并且占了大量的空间(Hersevenlargewoodenbookshelves,standingtogetherintheliving/diningroomarea,lookedawkwardandalittleoverwhelming),因此可知选项A“重新摆放后的家具失去了作用”符合题意。
2.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据第三段可知下列哪句话是正确的?”文章第二段提到Hadda后悔没有早点找一个理家老手来帮她去掉房子之前的印记,以便吸引潜在买家(Haddaturnedtoasurprisingsourceforhelpthe"homestager"she'dhiredearliertostripthepersonalityfromheroldhomesoitwouldbemoreattractivetopotentialbuyers),由此可知选项D“不合适的墙面颜色需要重新刷油漆”符合题意。
3.推理判断题。题目问的是“从第三段可推断出什么?”文章第三段倒数第二句话提到在见识到了理家老手的高超手段后,他们会再次雇佣理家老手去打理他们的新家(Havingcometoappreciatetheclean,unclutteredlookthestagerachievedintheiroldhomes,sellerarerehiringstagerstoworkthesamemagicintheirnewhome),因此选项B符合题意。
4.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章可知,理家行业怎么样?”文章最后一段第一句话提到每个人都可以尝试在这个领域发展(Anyonecanhangoutashingleinthisrapidlygrowingfield),选项C符合题意。
3.单选题
Beforetheinterview,eachcandidatehadtohavea(
)medicalexamination.
问题1选项
A.porous
B.vigorous
C.thesaurus
D.rigorous
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。porous“能渗透的,有气孔的”;vigorous“精力充沛的”;thesaurus“宝库,辞典”;rigorous“严格的,严厉的”。句意:在面试之前,每个候选人都必须进行严格的体检。D项符合题意。
4.单选题
We’veallheardaboutendangeredanimals.Creatureslikethecriticallyendangeredblackrhinocerosarefamous.Butwhatarethemostendangeredplants?Theymightnotbeasexcitingorloveableasanimals,buttheyarejustasimportanttotheecosystem一andhumanityreliesonthatecosystem.
Herearethreeofthemostthreatenedplantstoday.(1)Theseplantsoccupysomeofthemostinaccessible,remotepartsofourplanet.Theyarethreatenedbyhabitatdestruction,illegalcollection,poaching,andcompetitionwithinvadingspecies.
Attenborough’spitcherplantisknownonlyfromtherelativelyinaccessiblesummitofMountVictoriainPalawaninthePhilippines.Therearethoughttobeonlyafewhundredofthem.
(2)
Attenborough’spitcherplantisoneofthebiggest,withpitchersupto30cminheightthatcantrapinsectsandrats.Itwasonlydiscoveredin2007whenateamofbotanists,tippedoffbytwoChristianmissionaries,scaledMountVictoria.
(3)
Thesuicidepalmisagiganticpalmfoundonlyinremotepartsofnorth-westMadagascar.Itlivesforabout50years,thenflowersonlyonce,anddiessoonafter.Suicidepalmswerediscoveredin2005byacashewplantationmanagerduringafamilyouting,andformallydescribedin2008.Withtrunksreaching18minheight,andhugefan-leavesupto5macross,thepalmscanbeseenonGoogleEarth.
(4)
Thecoraltree,withitsbrightredflowersandspinytrunk,occursonlyintheremoteforestsofsouth-eastTanzania.
(5)
However,theforestpatchwasclearedtogrowbiofuels,andthespecieswasfearedtohavegoneextinctagainuntilitwasre-rediscoveredto2011.Therearenowfewerthan50matureindividualsinthewild,inasingleunprotectedlocation.
问题1选项
A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.
B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).
C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998,butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.
D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.
E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.
F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.
问题2选项
A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.
B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).
C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998,butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.
D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.
E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.
F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.
问题3选项
A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.
B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).
C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998,butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.
D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.
E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.
F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.
问题4选项
A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.
B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).
C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998,butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.
D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.
E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.
F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.
问题5选项
A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.
B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).
C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998,butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.
D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.
E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.
F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:F
第4题:E
第5题:C
【解析】1.联系上下文。前文中提及如今有三种极度濒危的植物,由此可判断,下面的内容将进一步说明这三种濒危植物,选项B提及它们被国际自然保护联盟认定为极度濒危的等级。句中they与上文的threeplants对应,criticallyendangered与上文的mostthreatened呼应。
2.联系上下文。空格句的前后文中都提及了Attenborough’spitcherplant,由此可知,空格句子也是有关该植物的,选项中只有A提及pitcherplant,与之呼应。
3.联系上下文。空格所在句的主要内容为Attenborough’spitcherplant,选项F提到了Attenborough,指出猪笼草(pitcherplant)是以一个英国自然历史播音员的名字命名的,与前句中提到的discovered...whenateamofbotanists呼应。
4.联系上下文。原文第四段介绍濒临灭绝的植物——自杀棕榈,对其各项基本信息进行了详细说明,空格处句子也应该是有关这种濒危植物的介绍,选项E最符合
5.联系上下文。空格句的下文中提及theforestpatch,空格句子应与之对应,选项C中提及patchofforest。
5.单选题
Ⅹ.(IntellectualProperties)
Incaseswhereanominativefairusedefenseisraised,weaskwhether(1)theproductwas“readilyidentifiable”withoutuseofthemark;(2)defendantusedmoreofthemarkthannecessary;or(3)defendantfalselysuggestedhewassponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.ButifthenominativeusesatisfiesthethreefactorNewKidstest,itdoesn’tinfringe.IfthenominativeusedoesnotsatisfyalltheNewKidsfactors,thedistrictcourtmayorderdefendantstomodifytheiruseofthemarksothatallthreefactorsaresatisfied;itmaynotenjoinnominativeuseofthemarkaltogether.ThedistrictcourtenjoinedtheTabarisfromusing“anyTTTdomainname,servicemark,trademark,tradename,metatagorothercommercialindicationoforiginthatincludesthemarkLEXUS.”Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.Accordingly,“wemustensurethattheinjunctionistailoredtoeliminateonlythespecificharmalleged.”Toupholdthebroadinjunctionenteredinthiscase,wewouldhavetobeconvincedthatconsumersarelikelytobelieveasiteissponsoredorendorsedbyatrademarkholderwheneverthedomainnamecontainsthestringoflettersthatmakeupthetrademark.Inperformingthisanalysis,ourfocusmustbeonthe“‘reasonablyprudentconsumer’inthemarketplace”.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace,andtherelevantconsumerisareasonablyprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline;thekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’websitewhenshoppingforanexpensiveproductlikealuxurycar.Unreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppersarenotrelevant.Theinjunctionhereisplainlyoverbroad—asevenToyota’scounselgrudginglyconcededatoralargument—becauseitprohibitsdomainnamesthatontheirfacedispelanyconfusionastosponsorshiporendorsement.
87.The3factortestfornominativefairuseisNOTdesignedto___.
88.Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementbecause___.
89.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,onecaninferthat___.
90.WhichofthefollowingisNOTnecessaryforthecourttoupholdthebroadinjunctionmadebythelowercourt?
问题1选项
A.preventamistakenbeliefthattheuseisendorsedbythetrademarkholder
B.resolvethelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeuse
C.dealwiththemistakenbeliefbytheconsumers
D.addresstheriskofnominativeuse
问题2选项
A.itisnotnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark
B.acompanymayusemoremarksthannecessary
C.ofacompany’suseofanunnecessarytrademark
D.itisnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark
问题3选项
A.theFirstAmendmentconcernswithfreedomofspeech
B.atrademarkinjunctioncaninterferewithtruthfulcommunication
C.atrademarkinjunctionalwaysinvolvesnominativefairuse
D.buyersandsellersareinthemarketplace
问题4选项
A.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace.
B.Theunreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppers
C.Theprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline
D.ThekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’website
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:B
第4题:B
【解析】87.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.(这个测试“评估指称性使用例中混淆的可能性”。它的目的是解决这样一种风险,即商标的提名使用会让消费者误以为说话者是由商标持有人赞助或支持的)可知C选项“处理消费者的错误信念”并不是命名的合理使用的三因素测试设计的目的;A选项“防止错误地认为使用是由商标持有人支持的”,B选项“解决指称性使用混淆的可能性”以及D选项“解决指称性使用的风险”是其测试涉及的目的。因此C选项正确。
88.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.(第三个因素直接说明了这种混淆的风险,而其他因素则间接说明了这一点:如果一家公司使用了不必要的商标或比必要的商标“更多”,消费者可能会合理地推断出赞助或支持)可知选B选项“一个公司可能使用比必要的更多的标志”;A选项“公司没有必要使用商标”,C选项“公司使用不必要的商标”以及D选项“公司使用商标是必要的”不符合原文。因此B选项正确。
89.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到划线句子部分Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.(一项商标禁令,特别是涉及提名的合理使用的禁令,可能会引起《第一修正案》(FirstAmendment)的严重关切,因为它可能会干扰市场上买卖双方的真实沟通)可知B选项“商标禁令可能干扰真实沟通”符合原文;A选项“第一修正案涉及言论自由”,C选项“商标禁令总是涉及到命名的合理使用”以及D选项“买方和卖方在市场”无法从划线句子部分推断出,排除。因此B选项正确。
90.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace,andtherelevantconsumerisareasonablyprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline;thekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’websitewhenshoppingforanexpensiveproductlikealuxurycar.Unreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppersarenotrelevant.(相关市场是网络市场,相关消费者是习惯在网上购物的合理谨慎的消费者;这类消费者在购买豪华车等昂贵产品时,可能会访问Tabaris的网站。不合理、轻率和缺乏经验的网上购物者并不必要)可知选B选项“不合理、轻率和缺乏经验的网络购物者”;A选项“相关的市场是在线市场”,C选项“习惯网上购物的谨慎消费者”以及D选项“可能访问Tabaris网站的消费者”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。
6.单选题
Assoonastheboywasabletoearnhisownlivinghe()hisparents'strictrules.
问题1选项
A.defied
B.refuted
C.excluded
D.vetoed
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。defy“藐视,不服从”;refute“反驳,驳斥”;exclude“排除,排斥”;veto“否决,禁止”。句意:这个男孩能够自己谋生之后就不服从他父母的那些严厉的规则了。A项符合题意。
7.单选题
Itallstartedin1950,whenpeoplebegantobuildtheirhousesonthe()oftheircities.
问题1选项
A.paradises
B.omissions
C.orchards
D.outskirts
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项paradises“天堂,至福境地”;B选项omissions“疏忽,遗漏”;C选项orchards“果园,果树林”;D选项outskirts“郊区,市郊”。句意:这一切都始于1950年,那时人们开始在他们城市的()盖房子。本句表示“在城市的郊区盖房子”,因此D选项符合题意。
8.单选题
Oursisasocietythattriestokeeptheworldsharplydividedintomasculineandfeminine,notbecausethatisthewaytheworldis,butbecausethatisthewaywebelieveitshouldbe.Ittakesunwaveringbeliefandconsiderableefforttokeepthisdivision.Italsoleadsustomakesomefairlyfoolishjudgments,particularlyaboutlanguage.
Becausewethinkthatlanguagealsoshouldbedividedintomasculineandfemininewehavebecomeveryskilledatignoringanythingthatwillnotfitourpreconceptions.Wewouldratherchangewhatwehearthanchangeourideasaboutthegenderdivisionoftheworld.Wewillcallassertivegirlsunfeminine,andsupportiveboyseffeminate,andtrytochangethemwhilestillretainingourstereotypesofmasculineandfemininetalk.
Thisiswhysomeresearchonsexdifferencesandlanguagehasbeensointeresting.Itisanillustrationofhowwrongwecanbe.Ofthemanyinvestigatorswhosetouttofindthestereotypedsexdifferencesinlanguage,fewhavehadanypositiveresults.Itseemsthatourimagesofserioustaciturn(沉默的)malespeakersandgossipygarrulous(饶舌)femalespeakersarejustthat:images.
Manymythsassociatedwithmasculineandfemininetalkhavehadtobediscardedasmoreresearchhasbeenundertaken.Iffemalesdousemoretrivialwordsthanmales,stoptalkinginmid-sentence,ortalkaboutthesamethingsoverandoveragain,theydonotdoitwheninvestigatorsarearound.
Noneofthesecharacteristicsoffemalespeechhavebeenfound.Andevenwhensexdifferenceshavebeenfound,thequestionarisesastowhetherthedifferenceisintheeye-orear-ofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage.
Pitchprovidesoneexample.Webelievethatmalesweremeanttotalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices.Wealsobelievethatlowpitchismoredesirable.Well,ithasbeenfoundthatthisdifferencecannotbeexplainedbyanatomy.
Ifmalesdonotspeakinhighpitchedvoices,itisnotusuallybecausetheyareunabletodoso.Thereasonismorelikelytobethattherearepenalties.Maleswithhighpitchedvoicesareoftentheobjectofridicule.Butpitchisnotanabsolute,forwhatisconsideredtherightpitchformalesvariesfromcountrytocountry.
1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.
2.Whatdoestheword“effeminate”(Para2)mean?
3.Theauthorusespitchasanexampleinordertoindicate______.
4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothestereotypeoffemininetalk?
5.Malesdonotspeakloudlybecause______.
问题1选项
A.assertive
B.snobbish
C.approving
D.critical
问题2选项
A.Unfeminine.
B.Powerful.
C.Obedient.
D.Unmasculine.
问题3选项
A.thatpitchisnotagoodexampletoexplainthesexdifferencesinlanguage
B.thatmalesshouldtalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices
C.thatsexdifferencesinlanguagecannotbewellillustrated
D.thatsexdifferenceslieineyeorearofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage
问题4选项
A.Alwaysusingtrivialwords.
B.Repeatthesamethingoverandover.
C.Stoptalkingwhenthesentenceisnotfinished.
D.Noneoftheabove.
问题5选项
A.malesareunabletodoso
B.malesareafraidofbeinglaughedat
C.highpitchisacharacteristicoffemalespeechratherthanmalespeech
D.anatomyhasprovedthatmalestendtohavelowerpitchesthanfemales
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:B
【解析】1.【选项释义】
1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.1.这篇文章暗示了作者对女性话语和男性话语划分的态度是______。
A.assertiveA.肯定的,独断的
B.snobbishB.势利的
C.approvingC.赞成的
D.criticalD.批判的
【考查点】观点态度题。
【解题思路】根据第一段最后两句“要保持这种划分,需要坚定的信念和相当大的努力(considerableeffort)。它也会让我们做出一些相当愚蠢(fairlyfoolish)的判断,尤其是在语言方面。”,从considerable和fairlyfoolish可以看出,作者对于男性和女性语言上的划分是批判的态度。因此,D项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“肯定的,独断的”、B选项“势利的”曲解原文;
C选项“赞成的”与原文相反,反向干扰。
2.【选项释义】
2.Whatdoestheword“effeminate”(Para2)mean?2.第二段中的effeminate是什么意思?
A.Unfeminine.A.不像女性的。
B.Powerful.B.强大的。
C.Obedient.C.顺从的。
D.Unmasculine.D.无男子汉气概的。
【考查点】词义推测题。
【解题思路】根据effeminate定位至第二段最后一句“我们会说自信的女孩是非女性化的(unfeminine),能给予支持和帮助的男孩是effeminate,并试图改变他们,同时仍然保留我们的男性和女性谈话的刻板印象”,从中可知,effeminate与unfeminine是相对应的,自信的女生被认为是非女性化,那么能给予支持和帮助的男孩会被认为非男性化,所以推测effeminate表示“非男性化”的意思。D项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“不像女性的”与原文相反,属于反向干扰;
B选项“强大的”、C选项“顺从的”属于曲解原文。
3.【选项释义】
3.Theauthorusespitchasanexampleinordertoindicate______.3.作者以音高为例来表示______。
A.thatpitchisnotagoodexampletoexplainthesexdifferencesinlanguageA.这个音高并不能很好地解释语言中的性别差异
B.thatmalesshouldtalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoicesB.男性应该用低音调说话,女性应该用高音调说话
C.thatsexdifferencesinlanguagecannotbewellillustratedC.语言中的性别差异无法很好地说明
D.thatsexdifferenceslieineyeorearofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguageD.性别差异在于观察者的眼睛或耳朵,而不是语言
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】首先,根据关键词pitch定位至倒数第二段,该段讲述了以pitch为例的内容:我们习惯认为男性是低音调,女性是高音调,但是解剖学也无法解释这种音高差异;也就是说音高中的性别差异无法很好地说明。然后看到上一段讲到“这些女性语言特征都没有被发现。即使已经发现了性别差异,问题还是出在观察者的眼睛上或者耳朵上,而不是语言上。”,可知即使知道了性别差异,也是我们的眼睛或者耳朵发现的,并不能从语言上来很好区分,作者以pitch为例就是做一个类比,所以同样地,语言中的性别差异也无法很好地说明。C项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“这个音高并不能很好地解释语言中的性别差异”并不是作者以音高为例的目的,张冠李戴;
B选项“男性应该用低音调说话,女性应该用高音调说话”并不是使用音高作为例子的目的,属于曲解原文;
D选项“性别差异在于观察者的眼睛或耳朵,而不是语言”也与题干无关,张冠李戴。
4.【选项释义】
4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothestereotypeoffemininetalk?4.以下哪一项不属于女性谈话的刻板印象?
A.Alwaysusingtrivialwords.A.总是使用琐碎的词汇。
B.Repeatthesamethingoverandover.B.一遍又一遍地重复同样的事情。
C.Stoptalkingwhenthesentenceisnotfinished.C.句子还没说完就停止说话。
D.Noneoftheabove.D.以上都不是。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据倒数第三段第二句“如果女性确实比男性使用更多的琐碎词汇,或者在句子中间停止说话,或者一遍又一遍地谈论同样的事情,当调查人员在场时,她们就不会这样做”,以及第四段第一句“这些女性语言特征(characteristicsoffemale)都没有被发现”,综合理解可知,女性语言特征是使用更多的琐碎词汇、话没说完就停止说话和不断谈论同样的事情,这是我们对女性谈话的刻板印象。只有D项“以上都不是”明显和原文相悖,但符合题意,故选择D项。
【干扰项排除】A选项“总是使用琐碎的词汇”、B选项“一遍又一遍地重复同样的事情”、C选项“句子还没说完就停止说话”均符合原文,属于反向干扰。
5.【选项释义】
5.Malesdonotspeakloudlybecause______.5.男性不大声说话是因为______。
A.malesareunabletodosoA.男性不能这样做
B.malesareafraidofbeinglaughedatB.男性害怕被嘲笑
C.highpitchisacharacteristicoffemalespeechratherthanmalespeechC.高音是女性说话的特点,而不是男性说话的特点
D.anatomyhasprovedthatmalestendtohavelowerpitchesthanfemalesD.解剖学证明,男性的音高往往比女性低
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干定位至文章最后一段“如果男性没有高声说话,通常并不是因为他们不能这样做。原因更有可能是处罚(penalties)。嗓音尖的男性常成为嘲笑(ridicule)的对象。”,综合理解可知,男性不会高声说话的原因是他们怕被别人嘲笑,B项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“男性不能这样做”与原文相反,属于反向干扰;
C选项“高音是女性说话的特点,而不是男性说话的特点”是男性被嘲笑的原因,而不是不能高声说话的原因,属于张冠李戴;
D选项“解剖学证明,男性的音高往往比女性低”定位至倒数第二段最后一句“人们发现这种差异无法用解剖学来解释”,其中差异指的是音高差异,可知该项属于反向干扰。
9.单选题
Iignoredanoldwomanwhoaskedmeformoneyinthestreetyesterdayandit’sbeenonmy(
)eversince.
问题1选项
A.morality
B.conscience
C.morale
D.rationale
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定用法。onmyconscience“我的良心受谴责”。句意:我无视了一个在街上向我借钱的老妇人,这让我的良心很不安。选项B符合题意。
10.单选题
The()ofallkindsofnecessarygoodswascausedbynaturalcalamity.
问题1选项
A.variety
B.scarcity
C.solidarity
D.commodity
【答案】B
【解析】同形词辨析题。variety“多样”;scarcity“不足;缺乏”;solidarity“团结”;commodity“商品”;根据naturalcalamity“自然灾害”可知此处应该说的是各种必需品的“缺乏”,故正确答案为选项B。句意为:各种必需品的缺乏是自然灾难造成的。
11.单选题
Hewasfiredbecausehewas(
)lateforwork.
问题1选项
A.occasionally
B.consistently
C.presently
D.weekly
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。occasionally“偶尔”;consistently“一贯地”;presently“不久,一会儿”;weekly“每周一次”。句意:他被解雇了,因为他上班总是迟到。选项B符合题意。
12.单选题
Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficultto()betweenblueandgreen.
问题1选项
A.separate
B.compare
C.contrast
D.distinguish
【答案】D
【解析】词义辨析题。separate分离;compare比较;contrast对比;distinguish辨别。句意:色盲患者经常很难区分蓝色和绿色。选项D正确。
13.单选题
Storesandsupermarketshavebeen()witheachothertoattractcustomers.
问题1选项
A.striving
B.vying
C.conquering
D.sprouting
【答案】B
【解析】动词词义辨析。striving“奋斗,力争”;vying“使针锋相对”;conquering“战胜,征服”;sprouting“使发芽;使萌芽”。句意:商店和超市针锋相对,都想要吸引顾客。选项B符合题意。
14.单选题
Hisremarksfinally____methatIhadmadetherightdecision.
问题1选项
A.assured
B.ensured
C.reassured
D.insured
【答案】C
【解析】
【选项释义】
A.assured(向……)保证B.ensured确保
C.reassured使……安心;打消……的疑虑D.insured投保
【答案】C
【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】句意:他的话最终……我做了正确的决定。根据逻辑,他的话应该是打消了我的顾虑,我做了正确的决定。因此选C。
【干扰项排除】
A选项assured“(向……)保证”,并不是他的话保证我的决定是正确的,而是他的话使我安心,从而让我觉得我的决定是正确的,该选项不符合逻辑;
B选项ensured“确保”,并不是他的话确保我的决定是正确的,该选项不符合逻辑;
D选项insured“投保”,该选项不符合语境。
【句意】他的话最终打消了我的疑虑,我做了正确的决定。
15.单选题
The()fortravellingwithoutaticketis£200.
问题1选项
A.penal
B.panel
C.panelize
D.penalty
【答案】D
【解析】考查形近词及词义辨析。A项形容词penal“刑事的、刑罚的”,B项名词panel“仪表盘、陪审团”,C项动词panelize“处罚、处刑”,D项名词penalty“罚款、罚金”;句意:长途旅行不买票罚款200镑。因此D选项正确。
16.单选题
Thedirectionswereso______thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.
问题1选项
A.ingenious
B.ambitious
C.notorious
D.ambiguous
【答案】D
【解析】【选项释义】
A.ingenious精巧的,新颖独特的B.ambitious有野心的,有雄心的
C.notorious声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的D.ambiguous模棱两可的,含混不清的
【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】根据结果状语从句的内容“以至于不可能完成这项任务”可知,这个指示是不清楚的、模棱两可的,所以该题选择D项。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符句意。
【句意】指示如此模棱两可,以至于不可能完成这项任务。
17.单选题
Wetriedtonegotiatebuttheywereadamant.
问题1选项
A.disagreeable
B.confident
C.hostile
D.unyielding
【答案】D
【解析】【选项释义】
A.disagreeable不愉快的,厌恶的,脾气坏的B.confident自信的,确定的
C.hostile敌对的,敌意的D.unyielding不屈的,坚强的,坚定的
【答案】D
【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】由but可知,前后句意为转折,前面提到“我们试图谈判”,所以推断adamant表示“态度坚决”。因此,D选项词义与划线部分单词含义最为接近,故本题正确答案为D选项。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C项与划线单词的意思不符合。
【句意】我们试图谈判,但他们态度坚决。
18.单选题
SpecialistMusicSchoolsHowtocopewithachildwhoshowsoutstandingmusicalability?It'snotalwaysclearhowbesttodevelopandencouragetheirgift.Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygiftedrequirespecialunderstandingwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailableina
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