考研考博-英语-广东江门中医药职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东江门中医药职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thebenefitsofadiverseworkforceareonlyseenifthestaffiswellmanaged.Bossesneedtounderstandthatpeoplewithdifferingbackgroundswillcomeupwithideasindifferentwaysandgivethemtheflexibilitytobecreativeintheircustom.

Thatcomestogetherwithacouplesteps;first,managersneedtobesuretheyareactivelypursuingnewhiresthatnotonlyadddiversitybutalsoofferanewperspective.

ThekeyisnotjustaddingaHispanicwomantothestaffbecauseyoudon’thaveonenow.It’sbesttoseekpeoplewhosebackgroundsaredifferentfromyourcurrentstaffastheywilllikelyfindsolutionsindifferentways.

TaketheaccountingfirmDeloitte,anearlyadopterofdiversity.Thefirmwastrainingminoritiestobecometopmanagers,butthenitoftenlostthembeforetheyreachedtheexecutivelevel—asoftenhappensinthatprofession.SoDeloittecreatedanewexecutivetrainingprogramthaturgeditsaccountantstostayonratherthanjumpingtoanotherfirmforadvancement.Thisassuredthattheminoritiesthecompanywasgroomingfortopmanagementwouldn’tleavethecompanybeforereachinghigherranks.

Butit’snotjustaboutputtingminoritiesinafewjobsandhavingthemrunthingsasusual.Forinstance,immigrantsfromcountrieswherebankshavefailedorsimplyaren’ttrustedmayneedtobuildarelationshipwithsomeoneinabranchbeforedepositingtheirmoney.Alocalbranchmanagerwhounderstandsthatrelationshipmaybemorelikelytogetthatbusiness.

Havingadiverseworkforceisonlyanadvantageifyou’reabletoutilizethatdiversity.It’sunderstandingtheexperienceofpeopleandwhattheycanbringtoyourbusiness.

Thefloatingmarketisalittlemicrocosmofthat.Everyday,localsandtouristsperusethestandsandcountersthatjutoutfromtheboats.Thecustomersareallshadesandbackgrounds,andthat’sjustthewaytheislanderslikeit.

Thesamecanhappenatoffices.Butit’suptomanagerstoshowtheyvalueideasascreativeasthefloatingmarket.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthepassage?

2.Whatismostvaluedaboutminoritygroups?

3.Whatdoestheauthorintendtosayinthefourthparagraph?

4.Whatistheadvantageofaminoritybankworkeraccordingtothepassage?

5.Whatisafloatingmarketprobablylike?

问题1选项

A.Itisbeneficialforcompaniestohirepeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.

B.Adiverseworkforcewilldogoodtothecompanyifmanagedproperly.

C.Peoplefromdifferentbackgroundscancontributedifferentideas.

D.Theimportanceofminoritypeopleisgettingmoreandmoreattention.

问题2选项

A.Theirlocalculture.

B.Theiruniqueexperience.

C.Theirdifferentperspectives.

D.Theirexecutiveability.

问题3选项

A.Deloitteattachedimportancetohavingminoritiesinitstopmanagement.

B.Talentlossatexecutivelevelisacommonoccurrenceinaccountingbusiness.

C.Propertrainingisnecessaryforminoritiestomakemorecontribution.

D.Minoritiesaremorelikelytolookforanewcompanyforbetteropportunities.

问题4选项

A.Hewillspendmoretimeandenergypersuadingclientstodepositmoneyinhisbank.

B.Heknowsbetterhowtokeepthebank’sreputationandwintheclients’trust.

C.Itiseasierforhimtodeveloparelationshipwithimmigrantsfromhishomecountry.

D.Heunderstandsbettertheimportanceoftherelationshipbetweenbankandclients.

问题5选项

A.Itsellsgoodsfromallovertheworld.

B.Itisamarketonthewater.

C.Itdoesnothaveafixedlocation.

D.Itsellsgoodsatratherlowprice.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章开头说到“Thebenefitsofadiverseworkforceareonlyseenifthestaffiswellmanaged.（只有管理好员工，才能看到多元化员工队伍的好处。）”，后文第六段又提到“Havingadiverseworkforceisonlyanadvantageifyou’reabletoutilizethatdiversity.（拥有多样化的劳动力是唯一的优势，如果你能够利用这种多样性。）”，由此可知本文主要阐述的是多元化的员工队伍对公司的作用，B选项“如果管理得当，多元化的员工队伍对公司有好处”符合文章大意。A选项“公司雇佣不同背景的人是有益的”说法太绝对，忽略了管理的作用；C选项“不同背景的人可以提出不同的想法”以及D选项“少数民族的重要性越来越受到重视”都包含在B选项中，因此B选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第三段“It’sbesttoseekpeoplewhosebackgroundsaredifferentfromyourcurrentstaffastheywilllikelyfindsolutionsindifferentways.（最好是找那些背景和你现有员工不同的人，因为他们可能会以不同的方式找到解决方案。）”，由此可知少数民族群体最被看中的是他们不同的观点，C选项“他们的观点不同”说法正确。A选项“他们的当地文化”；B选项“他们独特的经历”以及D选项“他们的执行能力”均不符合题意，因此C选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据第四段的最后一句话“Thisassuredthattheminoritiesthecompanywasgroomingfortopmanagementwouldn’tleavethecompanybeforereachinghigherranks.（这确保了公司为高层管理人员培养的少数族裔在晋升之前不会离开公司）”以及前文提到的少数民族群体会提供不同意见可知德勤会计师事务所重视在高层管理层中引入少数族裔，从而能够拥有更多的不同的意见，A选项“德勤重视在高层管理层中引入少数族裔”说法正确。B选项“高管层人才流失是会计行业的常见现象”文章没有提到；C选项“少数民族要做出更大的贡献，就必须进行适当的培训”文章也没有提及；D选项“少数族裔更倾向于寻找一家新公司来获得更好的机会”说法太绝对，文章只说了该事务所有这样的问题，并不能说明所有的少数族裔都倾向于寻找更好的机会。因此A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第五段“Forinstance,immigrantsfromcountrieswherebankshavefailedorsimplyaren’ttrustedmayneedtobuildarelationshipwithsomeoneinabranchbeforedepositingtheirmoney.Alocalbranchmanagerwhounderstandsthatrelationshipmaybemorelikelytogetthatbusiness.（例如，来自银行倒闭或根本不受信任的国家的移民，在存款之前可能需要与分行的某个人建立关系。一个了解这种关系的当地分行经理更有可能得到这项业务。）”，由此可知少数民族银行职员更容易与来自他祖国的移民建立关系，因此C选项“他更容易与来自他祖国的移民建立关系”符合题意。A选项“他会花更多的时间和精力说服客户把钱存在他的银行里”；B选项“他更懂得如何维护银行的声誉，赢得客户的信任”以及D选项“他更了解银行和客户之间关系的重要性”文章都没有提到，因此C选项正确。

5.细节事实题。根据最后两段“Thefloatingmarketisalittlemicrocosmofthat.Everyday,localsandtouristsperusethestandsandcountersthatjutoutfromtheboats.Thecustomersareallshadesandbackgrounds,andthat’sjustthewaytheislanderslikeit.Thesamecanhappenatoffices.Butit’suptomanagerstoshowtheyvalueideasascreativeasthefloatingmarket.（浮动市场只是其中的一个小缩影。每天，当地人和游客都在详细考察从船上伸出的看台和柜台。顾客的肤色和背景各不相同，这正是岛民喜欢的方式。同样的情况也可能发生在办公室。但这取决于管理者如何表现出他们对创意的重视程度，就像浮动市场一样。）”，由此可知浮动市场的位置不是固定的，它可以发生在船上，也能在办公室里发生，因此C选项“它没有固定的位置”符合题意。A选项“它销售来自世界各地的商品”；B选项“这是一个水上市场”以及D选项“它以相当低的价格出售商品”文章都没有提到，因此C选项正确。

2.翻译题

Whilebankstrytoavoiddrowningintroubledassets—badloans—borrowersandlendersalikearequestioninghowbankgotintothecurrentfinancialmess.Manyobserversblamesubprimemortgagelending.Unlikeprimemortgagesubprimeloansaremadetohigh-riskborrowers—thosewithbadcredithistories,excessivedebt,inadequateincomeorotherindicatorsthattheywillnotrepaythelender.Inreturnforriskierloans,borrowerspayhigherinterestrates.1.Asthehousingmarkettumbled,delinquenciesskyrocketedonmillionsofsubprimeloans.Whereasabout6percentofmortgagewereuncollectablefrom2000to2005,thereafterdelinquenciesincreasednearing30percentby2008.Lendersextendedtoomuchcredittoweakborrowers.

Reportsindicatethatthesubprimecrisiscanbetracedtooverlyrelaxedcreditstandards.Onestudyfoundthatmanyloanapplicationslistedfraudulentinformation.Someborrowers,takingadvantageoflaxlendingpracticestolivebeyondtheirmeans,liedabouttheirincomeandassetsinordertosecureloans.2.Othermisinformationcanbeattributedtomortgagebrokerseagertogetotherwiseunqualifiedborrowersapprovedforloans.Somelenderswentsofarastohavearelativeposeasaborrower’sfakeemployerandfalsityW-2formstogainapproval.3.Theseproblemswerecompoundedfurtherbythosewithinthebankingandfinancesystemwhoknewthatrampantfraudwasoccurringbutlookedtheotherway,aslongasprofitskeptrollingin.

4.Nowstuckwithuncollectableloans,unsellableforeclosedpropertiesandbigfinanciallosses,theindustryistighteningcreditstandardsandlendingpractices.Federalbankexaminers,forexample,areinsistingthatloanofficersusegreatercautionandjudgmenttoidentifycredit-worthyborrowersandavoidweakloans.Lendersareswitchingtoindependentrealestateappraiserswhohavenodirectcontactwithloanofficers,togetaccurateratherthaninflatedpropertyappraisals.5.Alongwitheliminatingloanswithzeroorverylowdownpayments,homeequitylendingisshrinkingashomevaluescontinuetofall.Lendersarealsoreducingcreditcardlimit.Withadirelessonlearned,itappearsthattighterstandardsareherefortheforeseeablefuture.

【答案】1.随着房地产市场的暴跌，数百万次级贷款的拖欠率飙升。从2000年到2005年，约有6%的抵押贷款无法收回，而此后到2008年，拖欠率上升了近30个百分点。

2.其他的虚假信息可以归因于抵押贷款经纪人急于让不合格的借款人获得贷款。一些贷款机构，甚至让亲戚冒充借款人的假雇主并提供虚假的报税表格，以获得贷款批准。

3.银行和金融系统内部的人知道存在着猖獗的欺诈行为，但只要利润源源不断地涌入，他们就视而不见，而这进一步加剧了这些问题。

4.现在，由于无法收回的贷款、无法出售的止赎房产和巨大的金融损失，银行业正在收紧信贷标准和放贷操作。

5.随着零首付或极低首付贷款的取消，房屋净值贷款随着房屋价值的继续下跌而萎缩。

3.单选题

Inthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedthestudentstoreadafew（）fromHemingway’snovelAFarewelltoArms.

问题1选项

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项piece表示“片，段；部件；文章；作品”，B选项essay表示“散文；随笔；短文”，C选项fragment表示“片段，碎片，（文艺作品等）未完成的部分”，D选项extract表示“摘录，引文”。根据后文关键词fromHemingway'snovelAFarewelltoArms可知，老师要求学生读的是海明威小说《永别了武器》中的摘录，因此，本题正确答案为D选项。

4.单选题

Asordid,sentimentalplotunwinds,withaninevitable（）ending.

问题1选项

A.mawkish

B.fateful

C.beloved

D.perfunctory

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。mawkish“令人厌恶的，自作多情的”；fateful“重大的，决定命运的，致命的”；beloved“深爱的（人），钟爱的（人）”；perfunctory“敷衍的；马虎的”。句意：一个污秽而伤感的故事情节展开后，必然会有一个令人厌恶的结局。选项A符合题意。

5.单选题

Hewas______aboutthespringoutingbutbecamebackquitedepressedandsaidheshouldn’thavejoinedinit.

问题1选项

A.courageous

B.discouraged

C.enthusiastic

D.fantastic

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项courageous“勇敢的”；B选项discouraged“灰心的”；C选项enthusiastic“热衷的；热烈的”；D选项fantastic“极好的；富于想象的”。句意：他本来______于春游，但回来时却很沮丧，说他不应该参加春游。根据语境，这里指在春游之前他对此非常激动和期待，C选项enthusiastic“热衷的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

6.单选题

Visitorstotheparkhaveoftenlookedupintotheleafycanopyand（

）.

问题1选项

A.sawmonkeyssleepingonthebranches,whosearmsandlegshang

B.sawmonkeyssleepingonthebranches,whosearmsandlegswerehanging

C.sawmonkeyssleepingonthebranches,witharmsandlegshanging

D.seenmonkeyssleepingonthebranches,witharmsandlegshanging

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法。由and表并列关系可知，and后面的谓语动词形式应与前面的保持一致，see的过去分词为seen。故D项正确。句意：公园的游客经常抬头看着绿树成荫的树冠，看到猴子睡在树枝上，手臂和腿都悬挂着。

7.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Whileabsorbingtheoutstandingachievementsofforeigncultures,wecannotbesatisfiedwithsimpleimitation.Indulgenceinsimpleimitationwoulddepriveusofcreativitysothatwewillnotbeabletoachieveanewartisticsophisticationorpresentourownexcellentworkstotheworld.Simpleimitationcannotbeequatedtonewconceptionatall.Thelatterisacombinationofmodemandtraditionalstyle,acombinationofforeignnations’andourownnation’scharacteristics,andacombinationofartisticandeducationalquality.

Peaceanddevelopmentarethetwomainthemesoftheworldtoday.Maintainingglobalpeace,enhancingfriendshipandcooperation,andpromotingcommondevelopmentarethecommonaspirationsofallpeoples.Atpresent,worldwidestabilityanddevelopmentarethreatenedbysuchseriousproblemsaspoverty,unemployment,refugeeflows,crimes,populationexplosion,environmentaldegradation,drugabuse,andterrorism.Thoughdifferentintheirnationalconditions,Chinasaidwesterncountriessharebroadcommoninterestsonawiderangeofmajorinternationalissues.IamhappytoseetheimprovementandexpansionofChina’srelationswiththem.TheChineseGovernmentandpeoplestandreadytomakeacontributiontotheloftycauseofpeaceanddevelopmenttogetherwiththegovernmentsandpeoplesofallcountries,includingthoseofwesterncountries,onthebasisofmutualrespect,equalityandmutualbenefit.

【答案】在吸收外国文化的优秀成果时，我们不能满足于单纯的模仿。沉溺于单纯模仿会让我们失去创造力，致使我们无法达到一个新的艺术程度或向世界展示我们自己的优秀作品。单纯的模仿无法等同于新观念。后者是现代风格与传统风格的结合，是外国特色与本国特色的结合，是艺术素质与教育素质的结合。

和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题。维护世界和平、增进友谊与合作、促进共同发展是各国人民的共同愿望。当前，贫困、失业、难民流动、犯罪、人口爆炸、环境恶化、毒品泛滥、恐怖主义等严重问题威胁着世界的稳定和发展。中国表示，尽管西方各国国情不同，但在一系列重大国际问题上有着广泛的共同利益。我很高兴看到中国与他们的关系得到改善与发展。中国政府和人民愿在相互尊重、平等互利的基础上，同包括西方国家在内的各国政府和人民一道，为和平与发展的崇高事业做出贡献。

8.单选题

Theremainingthreequartersofthepopulationwillincurmedicalbillsthatarelessthanwhattheypayforhealthinsurance.

问题1选项

A.receive

B.suffer

C.keep

D.make

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。incur在句中是“承受”，A选项receive“接受”；B选项suffer“遭受”；C选项keep“保持”；D选项make“制造，制作”。句意：剩下四分之三的人将遭受医疗费用比他们所交的医疗保险还要低的境遇。因此B选项正确。

9.单选题

Millionsofpeoplewere（）partiallyorwhollydestitute(贫穷)duringthecivilwar.

问题1选项

A.deprived

B.rendered

C.become

D.ruined

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:deprive“剥夺”；B:render“使成为”；C:become“变成”；D:ruin“毁灭”。句意：战争期间，数以百万计的人民都沦落到啼饥号寒或一贫如洗的地步。根据语境和句意可知B为正确答案。

10.单选题

Bythetimethetourends,thefootballteam（）twentymatchesinfourcountries.

问题1选项

A.willplay

B.willbeplaying

C.willhaveplayed

D.willhavebeenplaying

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法时态。根据前一句Bythetimethetourends“到巡回赛结束时”，表示巡回赛还在进行，By接的是将来的时间，那么主句也需要用将来完成时。将来完成时的构成willhavedone。句意：到巡回赛结束时，足球队将在4个国家踢20次比赛。因此C选项符合题意。

11.填空题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeawordordeleteaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.【试题答案】simple改为simply

2.【试题答案】on改为in

3.【试题答案】frozen改为freezing

4.【试题答案】去掉being

5.【试题答案】去掉and

6.【试题答案】去掉the

7.【试题答案】去掉why

8.【试题答案】whether改为that

9.【试题答案】raising改为rising

10.【试题答案】for改为by

【解析】1.【试题解析】：此题考查词性区分。你可能不知道雾仅仅是一种可以触碰到地面的云，这里需要用副词simply来修饰，simple是形容词放在这里句意不通。

2.【试题解析】：此题考查固定搭配。inrarecases在罕见的情况下，属于固定词组搭配。

3.【试题解析】：此题考查动词。below是介词，后面应加动词的-ing形式，空气的温度在冰点以下。

4.【试题解析】：此题考查动词。arebeing+形容词表示一时的表现，be+形容词表示一直这样，在此处指的是一个既定事实，因此去掉being。

5.【试题解析】：此题考查固定词组。themore……the+动词的比较级，表示越多什么越怎么样，中间不需要加连接词。

6.【试题解析】：此题考查冠词用法。air与前面的water形式应当一样，the是定冠词表示特指，此处是泛指空气。

7.【试题解析】：此题考查句意理解。前面已经有了puzzlefor，表示疑问，再用why来询问的话太过赘述。

8.【试题解析】：此题考查whether和that引导主语从句的用法。它可以证明液滴在98摄氏度时会下落，因此是一个既定事实，不能用whether是否来引导。

9.【试题解析】：此题考查raising和rising的区别。，.通常形容自然界的物体：如潮涨,，日出以及这里的气流上升，都是用rise而不能raise。此外,，在这里rising是分词作形容词使用,，rise后不能加物体,，只有sthrise而不能用risesth。.raise是及物动词,，raisesth.，如raiseone’'shand。

10.【试题解析】：此题考查固定搭配。replacebysth用什么替换，以什么接替，replace一般与介词by或者with搭配。

12.问答题

ThereasonwhyJamesBondmoviesare(A)sopopularis(B)because(C)theycombinetheappealoftraditionalspy(D)storieswiththeappealoftechnologicaldevices.

【答案】试题答案：C；that

【解析】考查名词性从句。Thereasonwhy...isthat表语从句（……的原因是……）是固定句型，is后面用that，不能用because。

13.单选题

InthewakeoftheSept.11attacks,manyAmericansfeelwemaybegintoseetheerosionofsomeofourcivilliberties.Thereisconcernwemaybesubjecttopersonalsearchesandincreasedmonitoringofouractivities,allinthenameofsafetyandsecurity.Onthecomputingfront,Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches.

Asmuchasvendorsandnetworkadministratorstrytomakescanningforvirusesanunobtrusiveprocessfortheenduser,westillareinconveniencedbytheroutinesmandatedbytheguardiansofourcorporatecomputingsecurity.However,inconveniencetakesabackseattotheoutrightneedforsecurity.Virusesaremorethaninconvenient;theycauserealdamage.ComputerEconomicsestimatesthecostofvirusattacksoninformationsystemsaroundtheworld,includingcleanupcostsandlostproductivity,hasalreadyreached$10.7billionsofarthisyear.Comparethatfigurewith$17.1billionforallof2000and$12.1billionfor1999.

Iknowyou’rethinking:“I’monlyoneperson.HowcanIspendthenecessarytimetosafeguardmycompanyagainstvirusesandsecurityholesandstilldomyregularjob?”

Realistically,youcan’t.Butthereareresourcestohelpyou.

MicrosofthasjustannouncedanewinitiativecalledtheStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram.AmongtheservicesbeingofferedaretreetechnicalsupportrelatedtovirusesandasecuritytoolkitthatincludespatchesandservicepacksthataddresssecurityvulnerabilitiesinWindowsNTand2000.

TheFBIandSANSInstitutehavejustreleasedtheirtop20listofthemostcriticalInternetsecurityvulnerabilities.ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist.Studythelistat.

TheCenterforInternetSecurityprovidesmethodsandtoolstoimprovemonitorandcomparethesecuritystatusofyourInternet-connectedsystems.Findouthowtobenchmarkyourorganization’sstatusat.

SoftwarevendorssuchasNetworkAssociates,SymantecandComputerAssociateshaveveryinformativevirusresourcecenters.TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.S/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses.Likewise,theCAVirusInformationCenterofferstipsonmanagingvirusincidentsandprotectingmessagingsystems.

Justlikeournationaldefense,thebestprotectionagainstadebilitatingvirusattackisknowledgeofthevulnerabilitiesandthemeanstoplugthesecurityholes.Beproactiveandvigilant,andmakeuseofthenumerousresourcesatyourdisposal.

1.Thewriterseemstofeelthat（）.

2.Thetwofigures"$17.1billion”and“$12.1billion”arementionedforthereadersto（）.

3.Toobtaindetailedinformationaboutviruses，wecanresortto（）.

4.Bysimplycheckingthetop20list，wemay（）.

5.Apropertitleforthispassagemightbe（）.

问题1选项

A.theconcernabouttheerosionoflibertiesisunnecessary

B.theroutinescanningofvirusescausesmuchinconveniencetoendusers

C.theneedforcomputingsecuritymakesinconveniencetolerable

D.libertycanbeguaranteedonlyifsecurityisachievedfirst

问题2选项

A.makesenseofthedamagesthathavebeendonesofarthisyear

B.seethedecreaseofthecostofvirusattacks

C.calculatethecostofvirusattacksfortheyear2001

D.paymoreattentiontoanti-virusresources

问题3选项

A.theStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram

B.

C.

D.www.S

问题4选项

A.obtainapictureofmajorsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystems

B.identifyapossiblesecurityholeinourcomputersystems

C.improvethesecuritystatusofourcomputersystems

D.protectourcomputersystemsfromvirusattacks

问题5选项

A.TheAftermathofSept.11

B.LibertyvsSecurity

C.StrategiesforBattlingVirus

D.VirusAttack—AnotherFormofSept11

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章第一段最后一句onthecomputingfront，Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches,提到我们需要牺牲一些自由来免受电脑病毒和其他风险的威胁。选项D“有了安全才能有自由”符合题意。

第2题:文章第二段提到病毒不仅仅让人们不方便，更严重的是导致了真正的损失。然后列举了有关清理病毒的费用，是为了强调病毒的破坏性。选项A符合题意。

第3题:文章倒数第二段第二句话TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.Symantec,com/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses提到了了解关于病毒的信息可以到网站上去找，选项D符合题意。

第4题:文章第六段第二句ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist提到之所以这些系统会被病毒侵蚀是因为安全系统中存在漏洞，所以列出的名单中的网址都可能存在一些漏洞。选项B符合题意。

第5题:文章主要是在讲述如何战胜电脑病毒，所以选项C符合题意。

14.单选题

Theprisonerwas（

）ofhiscivillibertyforthreeyears.

问题1选项

A.discharged

B.derived

C.deprived

D.dispatched

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】动词辨析题。A选项discharge“解雇、卸下”；B选项derive“源于、得自”；C选项deprive“剥夺”；D选项dispatch“派遣、分派”。deprivesb.ofsth.短语有“剥夺某人某物之意”，这里根据句子结构，主语是prisoner“罪犯”，宾语是“civilliberty公民自由”，可知空格部分单词意思为“剥夺”，并且是被动语态的结构，句意为：罪犯被剥夺三年公民自由权利。故正确答案选C。

15.单选题

Onlytwocountriesintheadvancedworldprovidenoguaranteeforpaidleavefromworktocareforanewbornchild.Lastspringoneofthetwo,Australia,gaveupthatdubiousdistinctionbyestablishingpaidfamilyleavestartingin2011.Iwasn’tsurprisedwhenthisdidn’tmakethenewshereintheUnitedStates—we’renowtheonlywealthycountrywithoutsuchapolicy.

TheUnitedStatesdoeshaveoneexplicitfamilypolicy,theFamilyandMedicalLeaveAct,passedin1993.Itentitlesworkerstoasmuchas12weeks’unpaidleaveforcareofanewbornordealingwithafamilymedicalproblem.Despitethemodestyofthebenefit,theChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsfoughtitbitterly,describingitas“government-runpersonnelmanagement”anda“dangerousprecedent”.Infact,everystepoftheway,as(usually)Democraticleadershavetriedtointroducework-familybalancemeasuresintothelaw,businessgroupshavebeenstronglyopposed.

AsYalelawprofessorAnneAlstottargues,justifyingparentalsupportdependsondefiningthefamilyasasocialgoodthat,insomesense,societymustpayfor.InherbookNoExit:WhatParentsOweTheirChildrenandWhatSocietyOwesParents,shearguesthatparentsareburdenedinmanywaysintheirlives:thereis“noexit”whenitcomestochildren.“Societyexpects—andneeds—parentstoprovidetheirchildrenwithcontinuityofcare,meaningtheintensive,intimatecarethathumanbeingsneedtodeveloptheirintellectual,emotionalandmoralcapabilities.Andsocietyexpects—andneeds—parentstopersistintheirrolesfor18years,orlongerifneeded.”

Whilemostparentsdothisoutoflove,therearepublicpenaltiesfornotprovidingcare.Whatparentsdo,inotherwords,isofdeepconcerntothestate,fortheobviousreasonthatcaringforchildrenisnotonlymorallyurgentbutessentialforthefutureofsociety.Thestaterecognizesthisinthelargebodyoffamilylawsthatgovernchildren’swelfare,yetparentsreceivelittlehelpinmeetingthelife-changingobligationssocietyimposes.Toclassifyparentingasapersonalchoiceforwhichthereisnocollectiveresponsibilityisnotmerelytoignorethesocialbenefitsofgoodparenting;really,itistostealthosebenefitsbecausetheyaccruetothewholeofsocietyastoday’schildrenbecometomorrow,sproductivecitizenry.Infact,bysomeestimates,thevalueofparentalinvestmentsinchildren,investmentsoftimeandmoney(includinglostwages),isequalto20-30%ofgrossdomesticproduct.Iftheseinvestmentsgeneratehugesocialbenefits—astheyclearlydo—thebenefitsofprovidingmoresocialsupportforthefamilyshouldbethatmuchclearer.

1.Whatdowelearnaboutpaidfamilyleavefromthefirstparagraph?

2.Whathaspreventedthepassingofwork-familybalancelawsintheUnitedStates?

3.WhatisProfessorAnneAlston’sargumentforparentalsupport?

4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofAmerica’slargebodyoffamilylawsgoverningchildren’swelfare?

5.Whydoestheauthorobjecttoclassifyingparentingasapersonalchoice?

问题1选项

A.Americaisnowtheonlydevelopedcountrywithoutthepolicy.

B.IthasnowbecomeahottopicintheUnitedStates.

C.ItcameasasurprisewhenAustraliaadoptedthepolicy.

D.ItsmeaningwasclarifiedwhenitwasestablishedinAustralia.

问题2选项

A.TheincompetenceoftheDemocrats.

B.TheexistingFamilyandMedicalLeaveAct.

C.ThelackofaprecedentinAmericanhistory.

D.Theoppositionfrombusinesscircles.

问题3选项

A.Thecosto£raisingchildrenintheUShasbeengrowing.

B.Goodparentingbenefitssociety.

C.TheU.S.shouldkeepupwithotherdevelopedcountries.

D.Childrenneedcontinuouscare.

问题4选项

A.Theyfailtoensurechildren,shealthygrowth

B.Thefailtoprovideenoughsupportforparents

C.Theyemphasizeparents’legalresponsibilities.

D.Theyimposethecareofchildrenonparents.

问题5选项

A.Itisregardedasalegalobligation.

B.Itrelieslargelyonsocialsupport.

C.Itgenerateshugesocialbenefits.

D.Itisbasicallyasocialundertaking.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知，在发达国家中，只有两个国家不提供带薪照顾新生儿的假期保障。去年澳大利亚也建立了带薪探亲假，而在美国却还是没有这项政策。所以根据第一段的最后一句“Iwasn'tsurprised...we'renowtheonlywealthycountrywithoutsuchapolicy.”可知，选项A符合原文。

2.根据关键词“work-family”定位到第二段的最后一句“Infact,everystep...businessgroupshavebeenstronglyopposed.”选项D正确。

3.根据第三段的第一句“justifyingparentalsupport...mustpayfor.”选项B与原文描述相符。

4.根据第四段“Thestaterecognizes...parentsreceivelittlehelpinmeetingthelife-changingobligationssocietyimposes.”作者认为美国庞大的监管儿童福利的家庭法律不能够给父母提供足够的支持。所以选项B正确。

5.根据第四段的内容“Toclassifyductivecitizenry.”将养育子女归为一种个人选择，没有集体责任，这不仅仅是忽视良好养育的社会效益，实际上是在窃取这些福利。选项D这实际上是一个社会事业符合原文。

16.单选题

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarchaeologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavator'sgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.

Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatconiesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard.Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasmelekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundancemorethan4.000examplessofar.

Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchasescouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.Apurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededfo