考研考博-英语-广西师范大学考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广西师范大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Agreenandyellowparrot,whichhunginacageoutsidethedoor,keptrepeatingoverandover:“Allezvous-en!Allezvous-en!Sapristi!That’sallright!”HecouldspeakalittleSpanish,andalsoalanguagewhichnobodyunderstood,unlessitwasthemocking-birdthathungontheothersideofthedoor,whistlinghisflutynotesoutuponthebreezewithmaddeningpersistence.

Mr.Pontellier,unabletoreadhisnewspaperwithanydegreeofcomfort,arosewithanexpressionandanexclamationofdisgust.Hewalkeddownthegalleryandacrossthenarrow“bridges”whichconnectedtheLebruncottagesonewiththeother.Hehadbeenseatedbeforethedoorofthemainhouse.TheparrotandthemockingbirdwerethepropertyofMadameLebrun,andtheyhadtherighttomakeallthenoisetheywished.Mr.Pontellierhadtheprivilegeofquittingtheirsocietywhentheyceasedtobeentertaining.

Hestoppedbeforethedoorofhisowncottage,whichwasthefourthonefromthemainbuildingandnexttothelast.Seatinghimselfinawickerrockerwhichwasthere,heoncemoreappliedhimselftothetaskofreadingthenewspaper.ThedaywasSunday;thepaperwasadayold.TheSundaypapershadnotyetreachedGrandIsle.Hewasalreadyacquaintedwiththemarketreports,andbeglancedrestlesslyovertheeditorialsandbitsofnewswhichhehadnothadtimetoreadbeforequittingNewOrleansthedaybefore.

Mr.Pontellierworeeye-glasses.Hewasamanofforty,ofmediumheightandratherslenderbuild:hestoopedalittle.Hishairwasbrownandstraight,partedononeside.Hisbeardwasneatlyandcloselytrimmed.

Onceinawhilehewithdrewhisglancefromthenewspaperandlookedabouthim.Therewasmorenoisethaneveroveratthehouse.Themainbuildingwascalled“thehouse”todistinguishitfromthecottages.Thechatteringandwhistlingbirdswerestillatit.Twoyounggirls,theFarivaltwins,wereplayingaduetfrom“Zampa”uponthepiano.MadameLebrunwasbustlinginandout,givingordersinahighkeytoayard-boywhenevershegotinsidethehouse,anddirectionsinanequallyhighvoicetoadiningroomservantwhenevershegotoutside.Shewasafresh,prettywoman,cladalwaysinwhitewithelbowsleeves.Herstarchedskinscrinkledasshecameandwent.Fartherdown,beforeoneofthecottages,aladyinblackwaswalkingdemurelyupanddown,tellingherbeads.AgoodmanypersonsofthepensionhadgoneovertotheCheniereCaminadainBeaudelet’ssluggertohearmass.Someyoungpeoplewerenutunderthewater-oaksplayingcroquet.Mr.Pontellier’stwochildrenwerethere—sturdylittlefellowsoffourandfive.Aquadroonnursefollowedthemaboutwithafaraway,meditativeair.

Mr.Pontellierfinallylitacigarandbegantosmoke,lettingthepaperdragidlyfromhishand.Hefixedhisgazeuponawhitesunshadethatwasadvancingatsnail’spacefromthebeach.Hecouldseeitplainlybetweenthegaunttrunksofthewater-oaksandacrossthestretchofyellowchamomile.Thegulflookedfaraway,meltinghazilyintotheblueofthehorizon.Thesunshadecontinuedtoapproachslowly.Beneathitspink-linedshelterwerehiswife,Mrs.Pontellier,andyoungRobertLebrun.Whentheyreachedthecottage,thetwoseatedthemselveswithsomeappearanceoffatigueupontheupperstepoftheporch,facingeachother,eachleaningagainstasupportingpost.

“Whatfolly!tobatheatsuchanhourinsuchheat!”exclaimedMr.Pontellier.Hehimselfhadtakenaplungeatdaylight.Thatwaswhythemorningseemedlongtohim.

“Youareburntbeyondrecognition,”headded,lookingathiswifeasonelooksatavaluablepieceofpersonalpropertywhichhassufferedsomedamage.Sheheldupherhands,strong,shapelyhands,andsurveyedthemcritically,drawingupherlawnsleevesabovethewrists.Lookingatthemremindedherofherrings,whichshehadgiventoherhusbandbeforeleavingforthebeach.Shesilentlyreachedouttohim,andheunderstanding,tooktheringsfromhisvestpocketanddroppedthemintoheropenpalm.Sheslippedthemuponherfingers;thenclaspingherknees,shelookedacrossatRobertandbegantolaugh.Theringssparkleduponherfingers.Hesentbackanansweringsmile.

“Whatisit?”askedPontellier,lookinglazilyandamusedfromonetotheother.Itwassomeutternonsense;someadventureoutthereinthewater,andtheybothtriedtorelateitatonce.Itdidnotseemhalfsoamusingwhentold.Theyrealizedthis,andsodidMr.Pontellier.Heyawnedandstretchedhimself.Thenhegotup,sayinghehadhalfamindtogoovertoKlein’shotelandplayagameofbilliards.

“Comegoalong,Lebrun,”heproposedtoRobert.ButRobertadmittedquitefranklythathepreferredtostaywherehewasandtalktoMrs.Pontellier.

“Well,sendhimabouthisbusinesswhenheboresyou,Edna,”instructedherhusbandashepreparedtoleave.

“Here,taketheumbrella,”sheexclaimed,holdingitouttohim.Heacceptedthesunshade,andliftingitoverhisheaddescendedthestepsandwalkedaway.

“Comingbacktodinner?”hiswifecalledafterhim.Hehaltedamomentandshruggedhisshoulders.Hefeltinhisvestpocket;therewasaten-dollarbillthere.Hedidnotknow;perhapshewouldreturnfortheearlydinnerandperhapshewouldnot.ItalldependeduponthecompanywhichhefoundoveratKlein’sandthesizeof“thegame.”Hedidnotsaythis,butsheunderstoodit,andlaughed,noddinggood-byetohim.

Bothchildrenwantedtofollowtheirfatherwhentheysawhimstartingout.Hekissedthemandpromisedtobringthembackbonbonsandpeanuts.

1.WhichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribeMr.Pontellier?

2.InMr.Poniellier’smind’seye,hiswifeis______.

3.Theimagethatthestoryevokesinreader’smindinitsverybeginningis______.

4.FromthestoryweknowthatMrs.Pontellierisa/an______wife.

5.Mr.Pontellierenjoys______.

问题1选项

A.Energetic.

B.Robust.

C.Good-humored.

D.Inactive.

问题2选项

A.anindependentperson

B.anobjectofconsiderablevalue

C.anunderstandingwoman

D.anunreliablewoman

问题3选项

A.seaimage

B.animalimage

C.birdimage

D.umbrellaimage

问题4选项

A.understanding

B.depressed

C.critical

D.listless

问题5选项

A.havingdinnerwithhiswife

B.gambling

C.playingwithhischildren

D.swimming

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.WhichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribeMr.Pontellier?1.下面哪个形容词最能描述庞特利耶先生？

A.Energetic.A.精力充沛的。

B.Robust.B.健康的，强健的。

C.Good-humored.C.心情愉快的。

D.Inactive.D.不活跃的。

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第六段第一句“庞特利耶先生懒洋洋地把那张纸从手里拖出来（lettingthepaperdragidlyfromhishand），点燃了一支雪茄，开始抽起来”和第九段倒数第二句“他打个哈欠，伸一伸懒腰”可以看出，庞特利耶先生是一个比较闲散，怠惰的人。因此，D项“不活跃的”符合题干。

【干扰项排除】A项“精力充沛的”、B项“健康的，强健的”和C项“心情愉快的”在原文都无法找到判断依据，属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

2.InMr.Poniellier’smind’seye,hiswifeis______.2.在庞特利耶看来，他的妻子是_____。

A.anindependentpersonA.一个独立的人

B.anobjectofconsiderablevalueB.一个相当有价值的物品

C.anunderstandingwomanC.一个善解人意的女人

D.anunreliablewomanD.一个不可靠的女人

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第八段第一句“……看着他的妻子就像看着一件被损坏了的贵重的私人财产”可以看出，在庞特利耶先生的眼里，他的妻子就像他贵重的私人财产一般，由此可知，B选项“一个相当有价值的物品”表述正确。

【干扰项排除】A项“一个独立的人”、B项“一个善解人意的女人”和D项“一个不可靠的女人”都无法依据原文内容判断得出，属于无中生有。

3.【选项释义】

3.Theimagethatthestoryevokesinreader’smindinitsverybeginningis______.3.故事一开始就在读者脑海中唤起的形象是______。

A.seaimageA.大海意象

B.animalimageB.动物形象

C.birdimageC.鸟的形象

D.umbrellaimageD.伞形意象

【答案】C

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据第一段内容“在门外挂着的鸟笼子里一只绿黄相间的鹦鹉不停地叫着：‘滚!滚！该死的东西！这才像话！’它能说一点儿西班牙语，还能说一种谁也听不懂的语言，但是挂在门另一侧的鸟笼里的画眉除外。这只画眉也迎着微风清亮地啁啾着，叫个不停，真让人生气。”可知，作者在原文一开始描述了吵闹的小鸟的形象，引出故事的下文，所以最先出现的是鸟的图像，故本题正确答案为C选项。

【干扰项排除】

A项“大海意象”、D项“伞形意象”由解题思路可知，这两项虽然在原文有提到，但是并不属于文章一开始所提到的范围，这两项属于曲解原文；

B项“动物形象”表述不够准确，该项属于曲解原文。

4.【选项释义】

4.FromthestoryweknowthatMrs.Pontellierisa/an______wife.4.从这个故事我们知道庞特利耶夫人是一个______的妻子。

A.understandingA.善解人意的

B.depressedB.沮丧的

C.criticalC.批判的

D.listlessD.无精打采的

【答案】A

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据原文倒数第二段最后一句“他没有说这话，但她明白了，笑着向他点头道别”可知，即使她先生没说什么，庞特利耶太太还是明白了他的意思，冲他点了点头，由此可见她是一个善解人意的人。故本题正确答案为A选项“善解人意的”。

【干扰项排除】B项“沮丧的”、C项“批判的”和D项“无精打采的”在原文没有依据，属于无中生有。

5.【选项释义】

5.Mr.Pontellierenjoys______.5.庞特利耶先生喜欢______。

A.havingdinnerwithhiswifeA.和他的妻子共进晚餐

B.gamblingB.赌博

C.playingwithhischildrenC.和他的孩子们一起玩耍

D.swimmingD.游泳

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据文章倒数第二段第四和第五句“他不知道；他也许会早点回来吃晚饭，也许不会。这一切都取决于Klein公司和‘游戏’的规模。”可知，在妻子问他是否会回家吃饭时，庞特利耶先生没有确切地给出答案。是否回家要看“thegame”的规模如何，game有“赌博”的意思，也就是说，他应该喜欢赌博。故本题正确答案为B选项“赌博”。

【干扰项排除】

A项“和他的妻子共进晚餐”由解题思路可知，庞特利耶先生更喜欢赌博，该项属于曲解原文；

C项“和他的孩子们一起玩耍”根据最后一段“两个孩子看到父亲出发时都想跟着他。他吻了他们，答应给他们带糖果和花生回来。”可以看出，庞特利耶先生不想和他们的孩子一起去玩耍，该项属于反向干扰；

D项“游泳”在原文没有依据，属于无中生有。

2.翻译题

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclasses-fiction,biography,poetry---weshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionswhenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor;trytobecomehim.Behisfellow-workerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback,andreserve,andcriticizeatfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Butifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhintsofalmostimperceptiblefineness,fromthetwist,andturnofthefirstsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofahumanbeingunlikeanyother.Steepyourselfinthis,acquaintyourselfwiththis,andsoonyouwillfindthatyourauthorisgivingyou,orattemptingtogiveyou,somethingfarmoredefinite.

【答案】既然书有小说、传记、诗歌之分，我们就应该把它们分类，从中吸收它们应该给予的知识。这说起来很容易。然而很少有人要求书本应该给予的知识。我们总是囫囵吞枣般去看书，要求小说必须真实，要求诗歌必须虚构，要求传记谄媚，要求历史书能加强自己的偏见。如果我们读书之前能抛开这些偏见，将会是一个好的开始。不要去强加你的想法给作者，而是要去理解他，成为他的伙伴。如果你将自己置身事外，并且从一开始就批判他，你就无法从书中获得最大的价值。但是如果你敞开心扉，那么书中精细入微的寓言和暗示便会让你从开头那些晦涩的句子中绕出来，把你带到一个独特的人物面前。把自己沉浸在里面去钻研，你很快会发现，作者正向你阐述的或者是试图向你阐述的东西是一些比原来要明确得多的东西。

3.单选题

Manytouristswere（）bythecity’scomplicatedtrafficsystem.

问题1选项

A.degraded

B.bewildered

C.evoked

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。degrade“使降低，使堕落，”；bewilder“迷惑；把…弄糊涂，”；evoke意为“唤起，引起，”；divert意为“转移，分散。”句意：这个城市复杂的交通把许多游客搞得晕头转向。B项符合题意。

4.单选题

Writingisaslowprocess,requiring（）thought,timeandeffort.

问题1选项

A.significant

B.considerable

C.great

D.numerous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项significant“重大的，有意义的”；B选项considerable“相当大的，可观的”；C选项great“伟大的，极好的”；D选项numerous“很多的”。句意：写作是一个缓慢的过程，需要大量的思考、时间和努力。选项B符合语境。

5.单选题

Thepersonwho（）thistypeofresearchdeservesourpraise.

问题1选项

A.originated

B.manufactured

C.generated

D.estimated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:发起这类研究的人值得夸奖。

考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。originate创立；开创；发明；manufacture制造，生产；加工；generate引起；产生；estimate估计；预测；评价。因此A项符合句意。

6.单选题

A1994WorldBankreportconcludedthat_______girlsinschoolwasprobablythesinglemosteffectiveanti-povertypolicyinthedevelopingworldtoday.

问题1选项

A.enrolling

B.assigning

C.involving

D.consenting

【答案】A

【解析】enrolling招收,参加;assigning指派,分配;involving牵涉,使参与;consenting允许,赞成。句意：世界银行1994年的一份报告得出结论：招收女童入学可能是当今发展中世界最有效的反贫困政策。选项A符合句意。

7.单选题

SectionA

Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.

SectionB

Whatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedanawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovisionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere“limitstogrowth”.Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied,atleastinprinciple;the“invisiblehand”ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide.

SectionC

However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.Peoplearenotinapositiontoexercisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty-stricken,ordeprivedofbasiceducation,ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder.Inthesameway,basichealth-careisaconditionoftheexerciseofautonomy.

SectionD

Althoughthelanguageof“rights”sometimesleadstoconfusion,bythelate1970sitwasrecognizedinmostsocietiesthatpeoplehavearighttohealth-care(thoughtherehasbeenconsiderableresistanceintheUnitedStatestotheideathatthereisaformalrighttohealth-care).Itisalsoacceptedthatthisrightgeneratesanobligationordutyforthestatetoensurethatadequatehealthcareresourcesareprovidedoutofthepublicpurse.Thestatehasnoobligationtoprovideahealth-caresystemitself,buttoensurethatsuchasystemisprovided.Putanotherway,basichealth-careisnowrecognizedasa“publicgood”,ratherthana“privategood”thatoneisexpectedtobuyforoneself.Asthe1976declarationoftheWorldHealthOrganizationputit:“Theenjoymentofthehighestattainablestandardofhealthisoneofthefundamentalrightsofeveryhumanbeingwithoutdistinctionofrace,religion,politicalbelief,economicorsocialcondition.”Ashasjustbeenremarked,inaliberalsocietybasichealthisseenasoneoftheindispensableconditionsfortheexerciseofpersonalautonomy.

SectionE

Justatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossiblymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfundamentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchangeswhichhavemeant,totakeoneexample,thatelderlypeoplearenowmajor(andrelativelyveryexpensive)consumersofhealth-careresources.ThusinOECDcountriesasawhole,healthcostsincreasedfrom3.8%ofGDPin1960to7%ofGDPin1980,andithasbeenpredictedthattheproportionofhealthcoststoGDPwillcontinuetoincrease.(IntheUSthecurrentfigureisabout12%ofGDP,andinAustraliaabout7.8%ofGDP.)

Asaconsequence,duringthe1980sakindofdoomsdayscenario(analogoustosimilardoomsdayextrapolationsaboutenergyneedsandfossilfuelsoraboutpopulationincreases)wasprojectedbyhealthadministrator,economistsandpoliticians.Inthisscenario,ever-risinghealthcostswerematchedagainststaticordecliningresources.

1.Personallibertyandindependencehaveneverbeenregardedasdirectlylinkedtohealth-care.

2.Health-carecametobeseenasarightataboutthesametimethatthelimitsofhealth-careresourcesbecameevident.

3.InOECDcountriespopulationchangeshavehadanimpactonhealth-carecostsinrecentyears.

4.OECDgovernmentshaveconsistentlyunderestimatedthelevelofhealth-careprovisionneeded.

5.Inmosteconomicallydevelopedcountriestheelderlywillhavetomakespecialprovisionfortheirhealth-careinthefuture.

问题1选项

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

问题2选项

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

问题3选项

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

问题4选项

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

问题5选项

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.根据SectionC中第二句，“Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.”，同教育、政治和法律程序和机构、公共秩序、通讯、运输和货币供应一样，医疗保健被视为人民行使其作为自主人的其他权利所必需的基本社会设施之一。可判断出个人自由和独立与医疗保健是有联系的。所以表述与原文不符合，答案为“NO”。

2.根据SectionE中第一句，“Justatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossiblymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfundamentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.”，就在医疗保健资源明显不能满足人们要求的时候，他们要求国家满足他们获得医疗保健的基本权利。可判断出医疗保健被视为一项权利的同时，医疗保健资源的限制也变得很明显，表述正确，答案为“YES”。

3.根据SectionE中第二句，“Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchanges…”，导致目前对医疗保健资源分配的关注的第二组更具体的变化源于大多数经合发组织国家医疗费用的急剧增加，同时还伴随着大规模的人口和社会变化，可判断出近年来，经合组织国家的人口变化对医疗保健费用带来了影响，表述正确。答案为“YES”。

4.文中没有提及“经合组织各国政府低估了所需的医疗保健水平”这一问题，故答案为“NOTGIVEN”。

5.文中没有提及“在大多数经济发达的国家，老年人将来必须为他们的保健做特别的准备”这一问题，故答案为“NOTGIVEN”。

8.单选题

Whyshouldanyonewanttoread（）ofbooksbygreatauthorswhentherealpleasurecomesfromreadingtheoriginals?

问题1选项

A.digests

B.insights

C.themes

D.leaflets

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。digests文摘；insights洞悉，领悟；themes主题；leaflets传单。句意：真正的快乐来自阅读原著，怎么还会有人想读名著的（）呢？因此推测，正确答案是A选项。

9.单选题

Doyourememberlastsummer,whenfurioustravelerswerepoundingonCongresstodosomethingaboutairlinecustomerservice?Airlinespromisedtoimprove,andtheyadoptednewstandardsjustbeforeChristmas.Butasanothersummernears,plentyofexperiencedtravelersdon’tseemuchimprovementincustomerserviceoverall.

Thismonth,theDepartmentofTransportation’s(DOT)inspectorgeneral’sofficewillissueitsfirstcriticalarticleonwhetherairlinesarehonoringtheirpromises.Onesurveysuggestsproblems:ThenumberofcomplaintstotheDOTaboutthetop10airlinesinthefirstquartersoared89%fromayearago.

Hitlastsummerbypassengercomplaintsandthethreatofconsumer-protectionlawsbyCongress,14carriersvoluntarilyagreedtoadoptasetofbasiccustomer-servicestandardscalledCustomersFirst.Fromimmediaterefundstotruthfulreservationagentstotoiletsthatflushduringonboarddelays,the“12commitments”topassengerswereintroducedasamajorefforttoimproveservice.Sincethen,airlineshavebeenredesigningwebsites,retrainingemployeesandupgradingtechnology.

Recently,DOTinspectorgeneralKennethMead,atMcCain’srequest,sent20examinerstoairportstodocumentwhethereachairlineisdoingwhatitpromised.Meadcautionstravelersshouldn’texpecttoomuch.Mostofthepromisesareaimedatbettercommunicationwithcustomers,notproblemsfreeflights.

“Wethinkpassengers,bothbusinessandleisure,perceivetravelasmoreofaquarrelthesedays,”spokeswomanShellySassonsays.“Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality.”“Andwhenimprovementsaremade,ittakesalongtimeforthemtobenoticed”,shesays.

Now,theeffortsmaybeworking.Duringthefirstquarter,Deltahadthesecond-lowestrateofcomplaintsamongthetop10carriers.Still,itsrate,alongwithothercarriers,isupfromlastyear.McCainandotherlawmakerssaynewconsumerprotectionlawsaren’toutofthequestioniftheindustry’svoluntaryprogramdoesn’twork.

56.Thepassagetellsusthat______.

57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinmeaningtothesentence“Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality.”(Para.5)?

59.Theauthorhaswrittenthelastparagraphmainlytomean______.

60.Inparagraph1,thephrase“poundingon”means“______”.

问题1选项

A.passengercomplaintsincreasethoughairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairservice

B.passengercomplaintsdecreaseforairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairservice

C.airservicehasbeenimprovedgreatlythoughitishardtobenoticedbypassengers

D.airserviceneedsimprovingbadlyastheresultsofpassengercomplaints

问题2选项

A.Governmenthassentofficialstocheckanyimprovementtheairserviceairlineshavemade.

B.Somepeoplesuggestpassengersshowmoreunderstandingtoairlinesabouttheireffortstobetterairservice.

C.Toimproveairservicedoesn’tmeanthattherewillnolongerbeanydeficienciesinairtraveling.

D.Itisthoughtthatpassengersshouldbepatientwhentheyarewaitingforanyimprovementmadebyairlines.

问题3选项

A.Somepeople’scomplaintsaboutairservicearerathersubjective,butmostpeople’sarefairlyobjective.

B.Whenpeopletravelbyair,theyusuallyquarrel,whichisafactpassengersallsee.

C.Somepeopletakeabiasedviewonairservicebecausetheydon’tseefacts.

D.Mostpeoplesawfacts,butafewpeoplefailed.

问题4选项

A.therateofcomplaintsisgoingupinallairlinesinspiteoftheeffortstheymade

B.improvementssomeairlineshavemadearenoteffective,whichleadstomorecomplaints

C.theremaybeaneedtopasslawstoimproveairlinecustomers’service

D.somepeoplearetooaggressivewhencomplainingaboutairservicethoughairlineshavemadegreateffortsonit

问题5选项

A.strikingat

B.urging

C.attacking

D.soundingwithloudnoises

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】56.【选项释义】

56.Thepassagetellsusthat______.56.文章告诉我们______。

A.passengercomplaintsincreasethoughairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairserviceA.尽管航空公司已经采取措施改善航空服务，乘客的投诉仍在增加

B.passengercomplaintsdecreaseforairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairserviceB.乘客投诉减少了，因为航空公司已经采取措施改善航空服务

C.airservicehasbeenimprovedgreatlythoughitishardtobenoticedbypassengersC.航空服务已经有了很大的改善，尽管它很难被乘客注意到

D.airserviceneedsimprovingbadlyastheresultsofpassengercomplaintsD.由于乘客投诉的结果，航空服务急需改善

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先，文章前两段先讲述旅客对航空公司的客户服务的态度，以及不断上升的投诉率；然后中间部分是对航空公司所做的一些努力的描述，最后总结，虽然航空公司做出了很多努力，但是某些航空公司的投诉率仍然在上升，乘客总是将旅行视为一场争吵。综合理解，文章想要告诉读者的是，虽然航空公司做出了努力，但是乘客的投诉仍然在上升。该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“乘客投诉减少了，因为航空公司已经采取措施改善航空服务”与原文相反，反向干扰；

C选项“航空服务已经有了很大的改善，尽管它很难被乘客注意到”表述不全面，以偏概全；

D选项“由于乘客投诉的结果，航空服务急需改善”也与原文相反，反向干扰。

57.【选项释义】

57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?57.下面哪个选项没有在文章中提到？

A.Governmenthassentofficialstocheckanyimprovementtheairserviceairlineshavemade.A.政府已经派出官员去检查航空公司的航空服务是否有所改善。

B.Somepeoplesuggestpassengersshowmoreunderstandingtoairlinesabouttheireffortstobetterairservice.B.一些人建议乘客对航空公司改善航空服务的努力表现出更多的理解。

C.Toimproveairservicedoesn’tmeanthattherewillnolongerbeanydeficienciesinairtraveling.C.改善航空服务并不意味着航空旅行将不再有任何缺陷。

D.Itisthoughtthatpassengersshouldbepatientwhentheyarewaitingforanyimprovementmadebyairlines.D.人们认为，乘客在等待航空公司做出任何改进时应该有耐心。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】D选项“人们认为，乘客在等待航空公司做出任何改进时应该有耐心”在文章中并没有提到，所以该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】

A选项定位至第四段第一句“最近，在麦凯恩的要求下，美国交通部监察长肯尼斯•米德派出20名检查人员前往机场，记录每家航空公司是否履行了承诺”可知，A项“政府已经派出官员去检查航空公司的航空服务是否有所改善”符合原文；

B选项定位文章倒数第二段“发言人雪莱•萨松说：‘我们认为，无论是商务旅客还是休闲旅客，如今都将旅行视为一场争吵……而且，当航空公司做出改进时，需要很长时间才能引起注意。’”，从中可以得知，航空公司所做的一些努力要很长时间才能引起旅客的注意，所以可以推知，人们对航空公司的一些努力应该表示理解，B项“一些人建议乘客对航空公司改善航空服务的努力表现出更多的理解”符合原文；

C选项定位至第四段最后两句“米德提醒游客不要期望太多。航空公司的大多数承诺都是为了更好地与客户沟通，而不是为了解决免费航班的问题。”，理解可知，航空公司对客户服务进行了改善，但是这不代表会令每个客户满意，C项“改善航空服务并不意味着航空旅行将不再有任何缺陷”符合原文。

58.【选项释义】

58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinmeaningtothesentence“Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality.”(Para.5)?58.下面哪个陈述的意思最接近第五段中的这句话：“有些是看法，但很多是现实”？

A.Somepeople’scomplaintsaboutairservicearerathersubjective,butmostpeople’sarefairlyobjective.A.有些人对航空服务的抱怨比较主观，但大多数人是比较客观的。

B.Whenpeopletravelbyair,theyusuallyquarrel,whichisafactpassengersallsee.B.当人们乘飞机旅行时，他们经常吵架，这是乘客们都能看到的事实。

C.Somepeopletakeabiasedviewonairservicebecausetheydon’tseefacts.C.有些人对航空服务有偏见，因为他们看不到事实。

D.Mostpeoplesawfacts,butafewpeoplefailed.D.大多数人看到了事实，但少数人没看到。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至倒数第二段“发言人雪莱•萨松说：‘我们认为，无论是商务旅客还是休闲旅客，如今都将旅行视为一场争吵，其中一些是人们的看法，但很多都是现实。’（Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality）”，从中可知，旅客经常将旅行视为一场争吵，即经常对航空公司表示出抱怨，而后面提到一些是人们的看法，但大部分是现实，其中perception本身就是“感觉、感知”的意思；综合理解，可以推断，Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality这句话的意思是说“有些人对航空公司的抱怨是主观上的，但大部分还是很客观”，A项正确。

【干扰项排除】B选项“当人们乘飞机旅行时，他们经常吵架，这是乘客们都能看到的事实”、C选项“有些人对航空服务有偏见，因为他们看不到事实”和D选项“大多数人看到了事实，但少数人没看到”理解错误，曲解原文。

59.【选项释义】

59.Theauthorhaswrittenthelastparagraphmainlytomean______.59.作者写的最后一段主要是想表达______。

A.therateofcomplaintsisgoingupinallairlinesinspiteoftheeffortstheymadeA.尽管所有航空公司都做出了努力，但他们的投诉率仍在上升

B.improvementssomeairlineshavemadearenoteffective,whichleadstomorecomplaintsB.一些航空公司所做的改进并不有效，这导致了更多的抱怨

C.theremaybeaneedtopasslawstoimproveairlinecustomers’serviceC.或许有必要通过法律来改