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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-张家口学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

JapaneseleadersaboardtheU.S.battleshipMissouriandsignedthe(

)surrender,whichendedWorldWarTwoin1945.

问题1选项

A.conditional

B.infinite

C.everlasting

D.unconditional

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。Conditional“有条件的”;infinite“无限的,无穷的”;everlasting“永久的,永恒的”;unconditional“无条件的”。句意:1945年,日本领导人在美国密苏里战舰上签署了无条件投降协议。选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

10.

问题1选项

A.100.

B.232.

C.132.

D.332.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Thereareonly100passengersonthisairplane.

W:Thatleaves132emptyseats.

Q:Howmanyseatsarethereonthisairplane?

【解析】计算题。男士说飞机上现有乘客100个,女士说还有132个空位。因此飞机总共可以容纳232个乘客。

3.写作题

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinquestion3.

【答案】Theso-calledNashequilibriumpredictsthattheoptimalleveloftrustiszeroineconomictransactionsbetweenstrangers.Actually,thisisnottrue.AbouthalfofPlayer1ssendsomemoney,andthree-quartersofPlayer2swhoreceiveitsendsomeback.Sothereishigherleveloftrustbetweenthem.Similarily,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.Trustisoneofthemostpowerfulfactorsaffectingacountry’seconomichealth.Trustlevelsdiffergreatlybetweennations,sopolicy-makersinthesecountrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%mightbeurgentlyinterestedinmechanismsthatenablethemtoraisenationaltrustlevels.

4.单选题

Traditionalmethodsofteachingnolongersufficeinthistechnologicalworld.Currentlytherearemorethan100000computersinschoolroomsintheUnitedStates.Students,mediocreandbrightalike,thefirstgradethroughhighschool,notonlyarenotintimidatedbycomputers,buthavebecomeavidparticipantsinthecomputerepoch.

Kidsoperatingcomputersimplementtheircurriculumwithgreatversatility.AmusicalstudentcanprogrammusicalnotessothatthecomputerwillplayBeethovenortheBeatles.Forabiologyclass,thecomputercanproduceapictureoftheintricateactionsofthebody’sorgans,thusenablingtoday’sstudentstoenvisagehumanbiologyinaprofoundway.Anuclearreactorisnolongeranenigmatostudentswhocanseeitsworkingsinminutedetailsonacomputer.InWisconsin,theChippewaIndiansarestudyingtheirancientandalmostforgottenlanguagewiththeaidofacomputer.Morecommonly,thecomputerisusedfordrillingmathandlanguageconceptssothatyoungstersmaylearnattheirownspeedwithouttryingthepatienceoftheirhumanteachers.Thesimplestcomputersaidthehandicapped,wholearnmorerapidlyfromthecomputerthanfromhumans.Onceirksome,remedialdrillsandexercisesnowoncomputerareconducivetolearningbecausethemachinerespondstocorrectanswerswithpraiseandtoincorrectanswerswithfrownsandevenanoccasionaltear.

Adolescentshavebecomesoexhilaratedbycomputersthattheyhavedevelopedtheirownjargon,easilyunderstoodbytheirpeersbutleavingtheirdisconcertedparentsinthedark.Theyhaveshownsomuchfervorforcomputersthattheyhaveformedcomputerclubs,beguiletheirleisurehoursincomputerstores,andevenattendcomputercamps.

Thisisdefinitelythecomputerage.Itisexpectedthatby1999therewillbebetween300000and650000computersinAmericanschools.Manufacturersofcomputersarepresentlygettingtaxwrite-offsfordonatingequipmenttocollegesanduniversitiesandarepushingforlegislationtoobtainfurtherdeductionsforcontributionstoelementaryandhighschools.Furthermore,thepriceofcomputershassteadilyfallentothepointwhereasmallcomputerforhomeorofficeisbeingsoldforlessthan$100.Atthatpriceeveryclassinthecountrywillsoonhavecomputerkids.

1.Whichofthefollowingdoes“traditionalmethods”inthefirstparagraphreferto?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Withthehelpofcomputer,today’sstudents______.

4.Whatdoestheword“disconcerted”inparagraph3mean?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanweinferfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Technologicalmethodsofteaching.

B.Teachers,textbooksandclassdrills.

C.Computerteaching.

D.Televisionteaching.

问题2选项

A.Studentshavetobebrightinordertooperateacomputer.

B.Highschoolstudentsarelessthreatenedbycomputercomparedwithgrade1students.

C.Allthestudentstakeanactivepartincomputeroperationtodayandordinarystudentsarenoexception.

D.Today’sstudentsaremoreversatilethanwiththeimplementationofcomputers.

问题3选项

A.canunderstandmorecomplexconcepts

B.learnmorerapidlyfromcomputerthanfromtheirteachers

C.canlearneverythingwithouttheirteachers’help

D.canbuildnuclearreactors

问题4选项

A.Dissatisfied.

B.Disinterested.

C.Nearsighted.

D.Confused.

问题5选项

A.Parentsencouragetheirkidstoattendcomputercampsandformcomputerclubs.

B.Thecountryencouragesthepopularizationofcomputersamongtheschoolchildren.

C.Thepriceofcomputershasfallensteadily.

D.Computermanufacturersaredonatingequipmentforcollegesanduniversitiespurelyforthegoodofthestudents.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句Traditionalmethodsofteachingnolongersufficeinthistechnologicalworld.Currentlytherearemorethan100000computersinschoolroomsintheUnitedStates.(传统的教学方法在这个技术世界里已经不够用了。目前在美国的教室里有超过10万台电脑。),说明传统方法应该是指和电脑教学相对的老师在课堂上用教科书授课。因此B选项“教师、教科书和课堂演习”正确。A选项“技术性的教学方法”,C选项“计算机教学”,D选项“电视教学”均不属于传统教学方法,所以A,C,D错误。

2.客观细节题。A选项“学生要想操作电脑,必须要聪明”,由原文Students,mediocreandbrightalike(无论是平庸的还是聪明的学生)可知,操作电脑和智力没有关系,所以A错误。B选项“与一年级学生相比,高中生受到电脑的威胁较小”,由原文Students…thefirstgradethroughhighschool,notonlyarenotintimidatedbycomputers(从一年级到高中的学生……不仅没有被计算机吓住)可知,不论什么年龄的学生都不会被计算机吓倒,所以B错误。D选项“今天的学生随着计算机的实施,比以前更多才多艺”,由原文Kidsoperatingcomputersimplementtheircurriculumwithgreatversatility.(使用电脑的孩子们在实施他们的课程时非常多才多艺。)可知,文章只是说使用电脑的学生很多才多艺,没有和之前的学生进行对比,所有D错误。C选项“今天所有的学生都积极参与计算机操作,普通学生也不例外”,由原文Students,mediocreandbrightalike,thefirstgradethroughhighschool,notonlyarenotintimidatedbycomputers,buthavebecomeavidparticipantsinthecomputerepoch.(从一年级到高中的学生,无论是平庸的还是聪明的,不仅没有被计算机吓住,而且成为计算机时代的热心参与者。)可知,包括普通学生在内的所有学生都积极参与计算机操作,C选项符合原文,因此本题选C。

3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段倒数第三句Morecommonly,thecomputerisusedfordrillingmathandlanguageconceptssothatyoungstersmaylearnattheirownspeedwithouttryingthepatienceoftheirhumanteachers.(更常见的是,计算机被用来训练数学和语言概念,这样孩子们就可以按照自己的速度学习,而不用去考验他们的人类老师的耐心。),说明学生可以在计算机的帮助下理解复杂的概念。因此A选项“可以理解更复杂的概念”正确。B选项“从电脑上学习比从老师那里学习更快”,原文说的是残疾人从最简单的电脑中学习比从人类中学到的要快,而不是所有的学生,所以B错误。C选项“可以在没有老师的帮助下学习一切知识”,原文只介绍了电脑学习的好处,没有全部否定老师的作用,所以C错误。D选项“可以建造核反应堆”,原文说的是学生可以通过电脑了解核反应堆,而不是自己建造,所以D错误。

4.语义推测题。由题干关键词“disconcerted”可以定位到文章第三段第一句Adolescentshavebecomesoexhilaratedbycomputersthattheyhavedevelopedtheirownjargon,easilyunderstoodbytheirpeersbutleavingtheirdisconcertedparentsinthedark.(青少年们对电脑如此兴奋,以至于他们发明了自己的行话,这些行话很容易被同龄人理解,却把不知所措的父母置于黑暗之中。),说明年轻人使用的行话很容易被同龄人理解,但父母不能理解,他们感到很困惑,所以“disconcerted”在文中是指“不知所措,困惑”的意思。因此D选项“困惑的”正确。A选项“不满意的”,B选项“不感兴趣的”,C选项“近视的”均不符合题意,所以A,B,C错误。

5.客观细节题。A选项“父母鼓励他们的孩子参加电脑夏令营和组建电脑俱乐部”,由原文Theyhaveshownsomuchfervorforcomputersthattheyhaveformedcomputerclubs,beguiletheirleisurehoursincomputerstores,andevenattendcomputercamps.(他们对电脑表现出了如此多的热情,他们成立了电脑俱乐部,在电脑商店消磨闲暇时间,甚至参加电脑夏令营。)可知,是孩子们自发参加电脑夏令营和俱乐部,没有说父母鼓励他们,所以A错误。B选项“国家鼓励在学生中普及计算机”在文中没有提及,所以B错误。D选项“计算机制造商为高校捐赠设备,纯粹是为了学生的利益”,由原文Manufacturersofcomputersarepresentlygettingtaxwrite-offsfordonatingequipmenttocollegesanduniversitiesandarepushingforlegislationtoobtainfurtherdeductionsforcontributionstoelementaryandhighschools.(目前,计算机制造商因向高校捐赠设备而获得税收减免,并正在推动立法,以获得对小学和中学捐款的进一步减免。)可知,计算机制造商为高校捐赠设备更多是为了减税,所以D错误。C选项“计算机的价格已经稳定地下降了”,由原文Furthermore,thepriceofcomputershassteadilyfallentothepointwhereasmallcomputerforhomeorofficeisbeingsoldforlessthan$100.(此外,计算机的价格已经稳步下降到家庭或办公室用的小型电脑售价不到100美元的地步。)可知,计算机的价格已经稳步下降,C选项符合原文,所以本题选C。

5.单选题

MikeDevine,chieffinancialofficerofNewYork-headquarteredCoach,whichmakesluxuryhandbags,saidataconferencerecentlyamovewasinthepipeline.

问题1选项

A.inthejobs

B.intheworks

C.inthejob

D.inthework

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。A、C、D选项均表示“在工作中”;B选项intheworks“正在准备阶段;在进行中或准备中”。句意:总部位于纽约的奢侈品手袋制造商Coach的首席财务长迈克•迪瓦恩(MikeDevine)最近在一次会议上表示,正在酝酿一项举措。inthepipeline“在运输中;在进行中;在准备中”。B选项与该词意思最相近,因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

DearSirs,

Yourshipmentoftwelvethousand“Smart”watcheswasreceivedbyourcompanythismorning.However,wewishtomakeanumberofcomplaintsconcerningtheseriousdelayindeliveryandyourfailuretocarryoutourspecificinstructionswithregardtothisorder.

Itwasstressedfromthebeginningthatthedeliverydatehadtobelessthansixweeksfromtheinitialorder,inordertomeetourowncustomers’requirements.Whileweunderstandthatdelaysinproductionareoccasionallyinevitable,wemustpointoutthatthemajorreasonwhytheorderwasplacedwithyourcompanywasbecausewewereassuredbyyouofitsspeedofdelivery,andthatyourexistingstocksweresufficientlyhightoensureimmediateshipment.Latedeliveryofthegoodshascausedustodisappointseveralofourmostvaluedcustomers,andisboundtohaveanegativeeffectonpotentialfutureorders.

Thesecondcomplaintconcernsthedifferenceincolorbetweenthewatchesweorderedandthosedelivered.Itwasstatedclearlyintheoriginalorderthatwatchesincombinationsofgreen/purpleandorange/purpleonlywererequired.However,onlyhalfthewatchesinthedeliveryreceivedareofthecolorsspecified.OurHongKongagentassuresusthatshestressedtoyoutheimportanceoffollowingourinstructionsprecisely,sinceweconsidertheretobeonlyalimitedmarketinthiscountryforwatchesofothercolorsatthepresenttime.Anywatchesthatarenotofthespecifiedcolorswill,ofcourse,bereturnedtoyou.

Wearealsosomewhatconcernedabouttheratherpoorqualityofthegoodsreceived,sinceitisapparentthatthewatchesthatfinallyarrivedhavebeenproducedfrominferiormaterialsandhavebeenmanufacturedtoalowerstandardthanthoseinthesample.Wehavealsofoundthatanumberofthewatchesdonotappeartobefunctioning.Whetherthelatterproblemisduetopoormanufactures,damageduringtransportationorbadbatteriesisnotyetclear,butweshouldliketopointoutthatwefeelthismattertobeentirelyyourresponsibility.

Asaresultoftheaboveproblems,therefore,wefeelthatthemostsuitablecourseofactionistoreturntoyouunpaidanyofthegoodsconsideredunsatisfactory,andtosubtractanyresultantcostsfromourfinalsettlement.Weshallalso,ofcourse,beforcedtoreconsiderwhetheranyfurtherordersshouldbeplacedwithyourcompany.

Welookforwardtoyourpromptreply.

Yourssincerely,

JohnSmith

1.Themanufacturersof“Smart”watchesweregiventheorderbecause().

2.Receivingwatchesinthewrongcolorsisaproblembecause().

3.“Thelatterproblem”inparagraph4refersto().

4.Thelastsentenceofparagraph5“Weshallalso,ofcourse,beforcedto...withyourcompany”suggeststhat().

5.Thepurposeofthisletteristo().

问题1选项

A.theyproducedthebestwatchesofitskindintheworld

B.theywatcheswouldbeeasytomakeandthedesignswerealreadyprepared

C.theypromisedtheycouldproduceenoughstocksquitequickly

D.theyclaimedtheorderwouldbeeasysincethewatcheswerealreadyinstock

问题2选项

A.theHongKongagentstressedtheneedtofulfilltheorderexactly

B.thesewatcheswillbedifficulttosell

C.thesewatcheswillnotbeabletogetintothelimitedmarket

D.peoplewillnotbuythewatchesatpresent

问题3选项

A.thepoorqualityofthegoods

B.theuseofinferiormaterials

C.thelowstandardofmanufacture

D.someofthewatchesnotworking

问题4选项

A.thecompanymaystoptradingwiththewatchmanufacturers

B.thecompanywillprobablyreducethenumberofwatchestobeorderedinthefuture

C.thewriterisafraidtheircompanymightgooutofbusinesssoon

D.thecompanyisprobablywillingtogivethemanufacturesanotherchance

问题5选项

A.askforpromptreply

B.blamethemanufacturersforlatedelivery

C.complainofsomeproblemsconcerningthewatches

D.threatentocanceltheorders

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干:“智能”手表的制造商接到这个订单是因为_______。通过题干的内容定位到第二段wemustpointoutthatthemajorreasonwhytheorderwasplacedwithyourcompanywasbecausewewereassuredbyyouofitsspeedofdelivery,andthatyourexistingstocksweresufficientlyhightoensureimmediateshipment.(我们必须指出,向贵公司订货的主要原因是贵公司向我们保证交货速度快,而贵公司现有库存充足,足以确保立即装运。),可知D选项“他们声称这个订单很容易,因为这些手表已经有库存了”符合题意。选项A“他们生产了世界上这种类型最好的手表”,B选项“这些手表制作起来很容易,设计也已经准备好了”,A,B选项内容文章并没有提及,所以不正确,C选项“他们承诺他们可以很快生产出足够的库存”,与文中快速交货的内容不符,排除C选项。综上所述,本题的正确答案是D选项。

2.事实细节题。题干:收到颜色不对的手表是个问题,因为_______。通过题干关键词“color”定位到第三段OurHongKongagentassuresusthatshestressedtoyoutheimportanceoffollowingourinstructionsprecisely,sinceweconsidertheretobeonlyalimitedmarketinthiscountryforwatchesofothercolorsatthepresenttime.(我们的香港代理人向我们保证,她曾向你方强调,必须严格按照我们的指示行事,因为我们认为目前其他颜色的手表在该国市场有限。),说明这些手表在该国市场小,难卖出去,故B选项“这些手表很难卖出去”正确,A选项“香港代理强调需要准确的完成订单”,文章有提及,但是并不是需要收到准确颜色手表的原因,故排除,C选项“这些手表将无法进入有限的市场”,和文章表达的其他颜色的手表在该国市场有限有出入,所以不正确。D选项“人们现在不会买手表”,属于无中生有。综上所述,本题的正确答案是B选项。

3.事实细节题。题干:文章第四段的“Thelatterproblem”指的是________。由题干可以定位到文章第四段Wehavealsofoundthatanumberofthewatchesdonotappeartobefunctioning.Whetherthelatterproblemisduetopoormanufactures,damageduringtransportationorbadbatteriesisnotyetclear(我们还发现一些手表似乎不工作。目前尚不清楚后一种情况是由于生产质量差,运输过程中损坏,还是电池损坏造成的),所以这里的“Thelatterproblem”指的是手表似乎不工作,与D选项“有些手表似乎不工作”表达的意思一致,A选项“产品质量比较差”,B选项“使用劣质的材料”,C选项“生产标准低”,这三个选项都是收到产品的问题,但并不是latterproblem指代的内容。综上所述,本题的正确答案为D。

4.推理判断题。题干:文章第五段的最后一句话“当然,我们也不得不……和你们公司”,意味着_________。可以定位到文章第五段的内容Asaresultoftheaboveproblems,therefore,wefeelthatthemostsuitablecourseofactionistoreturntoyouunpaidanyofthegoodsconsideredunsatisfactory,andtosubtractanyresultantcostsfromourfinalsettlement.Weshallalso,ofcourse,beforcedtoreconsiderwhetheranyfurtherordersshouldbeplacedwithyourcompany.(因此,由于上述问题的结果,我们认为最合适的行动方案是将任何未付款的被认为不令人满意的货物退还给你,并从我们的最终结算中减去任何由此产生的费用。当然,我们也不得不重新考虑是否要向贵公司下进一步的订单。),该段明确指出,由于上述问题,会退还一部分的货物,并且考虑是否要向贵公司下进一步的订单,所以A“该公司可能会停止与手表制造商的贸易”正确,B选项“该公司将来可能会减少手表的订购数量”,该公司现在就会退还一部分货物,并将来可能会终止合作,所以B选项不正确,C选项“作者担心他们的公司可能会很快破产”,文中没有提到作者对于其公司的态度,排除。D选项“公司可能愿意再给制造商一次机会”,没有提到愿不愿意给机会让制造商改进问题,综上所述,本题的正确答案为A选项。

5.观点态度题。题干:这封信的目的是______。文章开头就提到,制造商的货物已经收到,明确表达这封信的目的就是对于交货的延迟以及没有遵循其明确的指示表示几点抱怨。第一段是抱怨交货时间推迟,第二段是抱怨手表颜色不对,第三段是抱怨质量问题。所以整篇文章目的就是向供货商抱怨手表的问题,所以C选项“抱怨关于手表的一些问题”正确。

7.单选题

WhilethepopulationoftheUnitedStatesincludesagreatvarietyofracialandethnicbackgrounds,Japan’spopulationis(

).

问题1选项

A.autonomous

B.homogeneous

C.ambitious

D.anonymous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。autonomous意为“自治的”;homogeneous意为“同性质的,同类的”;ambitious意为“有雄心的”;anonymous意为“无名的”。

句意:虽然美国的人口包括各种各样的种族和民族背景,但日本的人口是同性质的。

8.单选题

Althoughsports(

)thehousehold,Joedrewthelinewhentheyinterferedwithfamilytraditionsaroutine.

问题1选项

A.overwhelmed

B.affected

C.dominated

D.influenced

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。overwhelm淹没,压垮;affected影响;dominate控制,在…中占主要地位;influenced影响。句意:尽管运动对家庭有决定性影响,Joe认为当体育运动扰乱了家庭传统与日常生活时,应该拒绝运动。由although可推知前后性质相反,后半句提到了“interferedwith…干扰…”是属于不利的一面,故前半句应为好的一面。故C项正确。

9.单选题

Thenextfewdecadeswillseegreatchangesinthewayenergyissuppliedandused.Insomemajoroilproducingnations,“peakoil”hasalreadybeenreached,andthereareincreasingfearsofglobalwarning.Consequently,manycountriesarefocusingontheswitchtoalowcarboneconomy.Thistransitionwillleadtomajorchangesinthesupplyanduseofelectricitytopowertheirhomesandvehicles.Secondly,therewillbeanincreaseinpowergeneration,notonlyintermsofhowmuchisgenerated,butalsohowitisgenerated,asthereisgrowingelectricitygenerationfromrenewablesources.Tomeetthesechallenges,countriesareinvestinginSmartGridtechnology.Thissystemaimstoprovidetheelectricityindustrywithabetterunderstandingofpowergenerationanddemand,andtousethisinformationtocreateamoreefficientpowernetwork.

SmartGirdtechnologybasicallyinvolvestheapplicationofacomputersystemtotheelectricitynetwork.Thecomputersystemcanbeusedtocollectinformationaboutsupplyanddemandandimproveengineer’sabilitytomanagethesystem.Withbetterinformationaboutelectricitydemand,thenetworkwillbeabletoincreasetheamountofelectricitydeliveredperunitgenerated,leadingtopotentialreductionsinfuelneedsandcarbonemissions.Moreover,thecomputersystemwillassistinreducingoperationalandmaintenancecosts.

SmartGridtechnologyoffersbenefitstotheconsumertoo.Theywillbeabletocollectreal-timeinformationontheirenergyuseforeachappliance.Varyingtariffsthroughoutthedaywillgivecustomerstheincentivetouseappliancesattimeswhensupplygreatlyexceedsdemand,leadingtogreatreductionsinbills.Forexample,theymayusetheirwashingmachinesatnight.Smartmeterscanalsobeconnectedtotheinternetortelephonesystem,allowingcustomerstoswitchappliancesonoroffremotely.Furthermore,ofhousesarefittedwiththeapparatustogeneratetheirownpower,appliancescanbesettorundirectlyfromtheon-sitepowersource,andanyexcesscanbesoldtothegrid.

Withthesechangescomesarangeofchallenges.Thefirstinvolvesmanagingthesupplyanddemand.Sourcesofrenewableenergy,suchaswind,waveandsolar,arenotoriouslyunpredictable,andnuclearpower,whichisalsosettoincreaseasnationsswitchtoalternativeenergysources,isinflexible.Withoilandgas,itisrelativelysimpletoincreasethesupplyofenergytomatchtheincreasingdemandduringpeaktimesofthedayoryear.Withalternativesources,thisisfarmoredifficult,andmayleadtoblackoutsorsystemcollapse.Potentialsolutionsincludeinvestigatingnewandefficientwaystostoreenergyandencouragingconsumerstouseelectricityatoff-peaktimes.

Asecondproblemisthefactthatmanyrenewablepowergenerationsourcesarelocatedinremoteareas,suchaswindyuplandsandcoastalregions,wherethereiscurrentlyalackofelectricaltechnology,thiscanbedonemoreefficientlybyreducingthereinforcementorconstructioncosts.AlthoughSmartTechnologyisstillinitsinfancy,pilotschemestopromoteandtestitarealreadyunderway.Consumersarecurrentlytestingthenewsmartmeterswhichcanbeusedintheirhomestomanageelectricityuse.Therearealsoanumberofdemonstrationsbeingplannedtoshowhowthesmarttechnologycouldpracticallywork,andtrialsareinplacetotestthenewelectricalinfrastructure.Itislikelythattechnologywillbeaddedin‘layers’startingwith‘quickwin’methodswhichwillprovideinitialcarbonsavings,tobefollowedbymoreadvancedsystemsatalaterdate.Citiesareprimecandidatesforinvestmentintosmartenergy,duetothehighpopulationdensityandhighenergyuse.ItisherewhereSmartTechnologyislikelytobepromotedfirst,utilisingarangeofsustainablepowersourcestransportsolutionsandaninfrastructureforchangingelectricallypoweredvehicles.Theinfrastructureisalreadychangingfast.Bytheyear2050,changesintheenergysupplywillhavetransformedourhomes,ourroadsandourbehavior.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whathashappenedinsomeoilproducingcountries?

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofmartGirdtechnologytoconsumers?

3.Whatistheproblemwithusingrenewablesourcesofpoweraccordingtothearticle?

4.Inparagraph5,whatcanbeinferredaboutcitiesinthefuture?

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whatcanbeinferredabouttheintroductionofSmartGirdTechnology?

问题1选项

A.Theyareunwillingtoselltheiroilanymore.

B.Theyarenotproducingasmuchoilastheyusedto.

C.Thesupplyofoilisunpredictable.

D.Globalwarmingismoreseverherethaninothercountries.

问题2选项

A.Itcanreducetheirelectricitybills.

B.Itcantellthemhowmuchenergyeachapplianceisusing.

C.Itcanallowthemtoturnappliancesonandoffwhentheyarenotathome.

D.Itcanreducetheamountofenergyneededtopowerappliances.

问题3选项

A.Theydonotprovidemuchenergy.

B.Theyoftencausesystemfailureandblackouts.

C.Theydonotsupplyacontinuousflowofenergy.

D.Theycan’tbeusedatoff-peaktimes.

问题4选项

A.Morepeoplewillbelivingincitiesinthefuturethannowadays.

B.Peopleincitieswillbeusingcarsandbusespoweredbyelectricity.

C.Allbuildingswillgeneratetheirownelectricity.

D.SmartGridtechnologywillonlybeavailableincities.

问题5选项

A.Thetechnologieswhichproducemostbenefitswillbeintroducedfirst.

B.Thecheapesttechnologieswillintroducesfirst.

C.Thetechnologieswhicharemostdifficulttoputintoplacewillbeintroducedfirst.

D.Technologicallyadvancedsystemswillbeintroducedfirst.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.细节题。由题干关键词定位到文章第一段“Insomemajoroilproducingnations,“peakoil”hasalreadybeenreached”,在一些主要的石油生产国,“石油峰值”已经达到。由此可知,选项A“他们不愿意再卖他们的石油了”,选项C“石油的供应是不可预测的”,选项D“全球变暖在这里比在其他国家更加严重”均与文章不符,因此B选项正确。

第2题:2.细节题。由题干关键词定位到文章第三段“leadingtogreatreductionsinbills”,导致电费大幅减少;“allowingcustomerstoswitchappliancesonoroffremotely”,让消费者可以远程启动或关闭家用电器;“ofhousesarefittedwiththeapparatustogeneratetheirownpower,appliancescanbesettorundirectlyfromtheon-sitepowersource,andanyexcesscanbesoldtothegrid”,配备这一装置的房间,可以自行发电,家用电器就可以直接依靠这一电源运转,而多余的电量则可以出售给电网。由此可知,选项A“它可以减少他们的电费”,选项C“当他们不在家的时候,它可以让他们远程打开和关闭电器”,选项D“它可以减少电力设备所需的总电量”均与文章相符,而选项B“可以测试出每一个家用电器使用中的电量”,文章未提及。因此B选项正确。

第3题:3.推理判断题。由题干关键词定位到文章第四段“Thefirstinvolvesmanagingthesupplyanddemand”,首先是管理供给和需求的问题;“Sourcesofrenewableenergy...arenotoriouslyunpredictable”,可再生能源的来源是很难把握或预测的;“thisisfarmoredifficult,andmayleadtoblackoutsorsystemcollapse”更加困难的是,可能导致停电或系统崩溃;“investigatingnewandefficientwaystostoreenergy”,研究出新的且有效的方法就是存储能源。由此可知,选项A“它们不提供太多能量源”,选项B“它们经常导致系统故障和停电”,选项D“他们在非高峰时段不能使用”均与文章不符,因此C选项正确。

第4题:4.推理判断题。由题干关键词定位到文章第五段“Citiesareprimecandidatesforinvestmentintosmartenergy,duetothehighpopulationdensityandhighenergyuse”,由于城市的高人口密度和高耗能,他们将是推广智能能源的首选目标;“...infrastructureforchangingelectricallypoweredvehicles”,提升基础设施建设,如改变汽车的电源供给方式。由此可知,选项A“将来住在城市的人会比现在多”,选项C“所有的建筑都会自行发电”,选项D“智能电网技术只能在城市使用”均与文章不符,因此B选项正确。

第5题:5.推理判断题。题干的意思是问“根据作者所述,关于智能网格技术的引入,我们可以推断出什么?”。由题干关键词定位到文章最后一段.“changesintheenergysupplywillhavetransformedourhomes,ourroadsandourbehavior”,智能供电方式的转变将会改变我们的家、我们的道路以及我们的行为。由此可知,选项B“最便宜的技术将首先引入”,选项C“首先引进最难实施的技术”,选项D“首先引进技术先进的系统”均与文章不符,因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

Heknowslittleofmathematics,and(

)ofchemistry.

问题1选项

A.evenmore

B.stillless

C.noless

D.stillmore

【答案】B

【解析】考查比较级。even,still修饰表示级,意为“更……”,little的比较级为less,因此选B。

句意:他数学懂得很少,化学懂得更少了。

11.单选题

Melissaisacomputer()thatdestroyedfilesincomputersandfrustratedthousandsofusersaroundtheworld.

问题1选项

A.genius

B.virus

C.disease

D.bacteria

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析和上下文语义。根据下句“destroyedfilesincomputers”可推测Melissa是一种计算机病毒,选项B符合语境。

12.单选题

Itwasashrewdmove____tobuythehousejustbeforepropertypricesstartedtorise.

问题1选项

A.onherpart

B.athand

C.atherexpense

D.onrecord

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.onherpart在她那方面B.athand在附近;在手边

C.atherexpense由她付钱D.onrecord记录在案的;公开发表的

【答案】A

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】前文内容为“这是一个精明的举动”,空格处所填短语修饰的是这句话;原句中it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式“在房价刚开始上涨时就买这所房子”这个举动。A选项onherpart“在她那方面”符合原句语义衔接,即从她的角度来看,这是一个精明的举动。

【干扰项排除】

B选项athand“在附近;在手边”,不符合原句语义衔接;

C选项atherexpense“由她付钱”,修饰的是“买房子”,应置于tobuythehouse的后面,而题干空格处位于tobuythehouse之前;

D选项onrecord“记录在案的;公开发表的”,不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】她在房价刚开始上涨时就买了这所房子,真是精明之举。

13.单选题

Isitadvisableto______ourbodytothesunlight?

问题1选项

A.reveal

B.display

C.expose

D.show

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项reveal“揭露,泄露”,B项display“显示,陈列”,C项expose“暴露”,D项show“展示”。根据关键词body“身体”和sunlight“阳光”可知,空格部分表示“暴露”符合语境。句意:把我们的身体暴露在阳光下可取吗?因此,该题选择C项正确。

14.单选题

Studentsshouldknowbetterthan(

)petslikedogs,catsandmouseatdormitory.

问题1选项

A.tofeed

B.feeding

C.tohavefed

D.fed

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。than后一般是接名词或者动名词短语形式的词,故四个选项只有B符合语境。句意为:学生应该知道最好不要在宿舍里养狗、猫和老鼠之类的宠物。

15.单选题

It(

)toseesomanychildreninthatmountainousareacannotevenaffordelementaryeducation.

问题1选项

A.painsher

B.makesherpain

C.ispaining

D.ispained

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。itpainssb.tosee意为“看到……使某人心痛”。句意:看到很多山区的孩子无法接受基础教育使她心痛。

16.单选题

Billisanexampleofaseverelydisabledpersonwhohasbecome(

)atmanysurvivalskills.

问题1选项

A.proficient

B.persistent

C.consistent

D.sufficient

【答案】A

【解析】proficient熟练的,精通的;persistent固执的,坚持的;consistent始终如一的,一致的;sufficient足够的,充分的。根据句意可知应该是精通技能,所以选项A正确。

17.单选题

Whywasthesuggestionthatshe(

)toourpartyrejectedthedaybeforeyesterday?

问题1选项

A.beinvited

B.tobeinvited

C.beinginvited

D.hasbeeninvited

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。在表示“建议、要求、命令、意愿”等意义的名词,后面跟的表语从句中和同位语从句中谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气,should可以省略,因此选A。

句意:为什么前天她受邀参加我们聚会的建议被拒绝了?

18.单选题

Airpollution(

)tomanykindsofdiseases.

问题1选项

A.confirms

B.communicates

C.consumes

D.contributes

【答案】D

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。confirm“确认;确定;证实”;communicate“传达;感染;显露”;consume“消耗,消费”;contribute“贡献,捐献”。contributeto“有助于,捐献”。句意:空气污染导致各种疾病。

19.单选题

Imagineaworldinwhichtherewassuddenlynoemotion--aworldinwhichhumanbeingscouldfeelnoloveorhappiness,noterrororhate.Trytoimaginetheconsequencesofsuchatransformation.Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive:knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,anxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.Theycouldnotlearn:theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.Societywouldsoondisappear:peoplewouldbeaslikelytoharmoneanotherastoprovidehelpandsupport.Humanrelationshipswouldnotexist:inaworldwithoutfriendsorenemies,therecouldbenomarriage,affectionamongcompanions,orbonds(关系)amongmembersofgroups.Society'seconomicunderpin

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