考研考博-英语-中山大学新华学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中山大学新华学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

1.TherecentspeculationincludesthepossibilitythatthefirstlivingcellsmighthavearisenonMars,seedingEarthviathemanymeteoritesthatareknowntotravelfromMarstoourplanet.

2.Veniceinvitesidlenessandstrolling.Itssilenceisrestfulanditssundialsareinscribedwithwords:Icountonlythehappyhours.

3.Failuretogreetapersonyourecognizeortoansweragreetinggiventoyouisanunkindnesstotheotherperson,andverybadmanners.

4.Everythingcanbetakenfromamanbutonething—thefreedomtochoosehisattitudeinanygivensetofcircumstances.(LeonhardFrand).

5.Thereisagrowingtrendofsendingteenagestudentsabroadtostudy—thenumberhasbeenincreasingdramatically.Theirparentsarefantasizedbymythsabouteducationofferedinforeigncountries.Theyareattractedbytheeducationalexhibitionspresentedbyforeignuniversitiesandcolleges,whichpaintmanyrosypicturesandtellmanyglowtalespromptingthemintoactions.However,sendingyoungchildrentostudyabroadmaynotpredictresultinsuccess.Manyyoungstudentslackadaptabilityandflexibility.

【答案】1.最近的推测包括第一批具有生命的细胞可能出现在火星上，通过很多从火星飞到地球的陨石将上面的种子播种到地球上。

2.威尼斯是人们休闲解闷、闲庭漫步的好去处，她从容宁静，闲适悠然，连城中的日冕上都刻着这样的铭文：只记住快乐的时光。

3.不向你认识的人打招呼或不回应别人的问候是不友好，也是非常不礼貌的行为。

4.任何东西都可以从一个人的身上拿走，但有一样不行，那就是在任何特定的环境中选择自己的生活态度的自由。（莱昂哈德•弗兰克）

5.现在越来越流行送十几岁的学生出国留学，而且这个人数也在急剧增加。他们的父母被外国提供的教育神话所迷惑。他们被外国大学和学院举办的教育展所吸引，这些展览描绘了许多美好的画面，讲述了许多激励他们采取行动的光辉故事。然而，送孩子出国留学可能无法预测成功的结果。许多年轻学生缺乏适应能力和灵活性。

2.单选题

Youwillneverget______withallyourhomeworktonight.

问题1选项

A.on

B.away

C.through

D.off

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项on“在……上”，getonwith表示“在……获得成功，与……友好相处”；B项away“离开”，getawaywith表示“侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱”；C项through“通过”，getthroughwith表示“完成，结束”；D项off“离开，脱掉”，getoffwith表示“结识”。根据关键词allyourhomework“所有的家庭作业”可知，C项符合语境。句意：你今晚不可能完成所有的家庭作业。因此，该题选择C项正确。

3.单选题

（）wehadnotmadeanymistakesin

thecalculations!

问题1选项

A.Butfor

B.Ifonly

C.Let

D.Without

【答案】B

【解析】句意：要是我们的计算没有出错就好了！

Ifonly此处指要是……就好了,表达愿望。butfor指要不是。

4.单选题

People’sexpectationsaboutthefuturemayhavemoreinfluenceontheirsenseofwell-beingthantheir（）statedoes.

问题1选项

A.current

B.initial

C.modern

D.primitive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。current“现在的，最近的”；initial“最初的”；modern“现代的”；primitive“原始的”。句意：人们对未来的期望，相比他们现在的状态，可能对他们的幸福感产生更大的影响。由题干中的future以及than可推知此空应填与future相对应的表示时间状态的词，故A项符合题意。

5.单选题

Everythingintheshopistooexpensive;Iwon'tpay$200forthefurcoatbecauseitisnotworth（

）.

问题1选项

A.allthatmuch

B.thatmuchall

C.thatallmuch

D.muchallthat

【答案】A

【解析】考查限定词词序。限定词的排序：前位限定词（指量限定词all，both，half等；倍数词、分数词等）+中位限定词（冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格）+后位限定词（序数词、基数词，数量词及短语many，much，little，few，plentyof，alotof）。

句意：商店里的东西都太贵了；我不会付200美元买这件毛皮大衣，因为它根本不值这么多钱。

6.单选题

TBAIndustrialProductsproducesasbestos(石棉)textilesforbrakelinings.Thecompanyisjustinstitutingaprogrammetoreducetheasbestosintheairattheplanttoamaximum0.5fiberspermilliliterofair—thecontrollimitimposedbytheHealthandSafetyExecutiveirresponsible.Withconstantexposuretothatlevel,accordingtoareportbyanOntarioRoyalCommission,betweenoneandfouroutof100peopleworkingfor25yearscouldexpecttodieofaasbestos-relatedcancer.YetDavidGee,healthandsafetyofficeroftheGeneral,MunicipalandBoiler-makersUnion,acceptsthatthecompanyshouldgonolower.Why?

Problemnumberoneisassessingtheriskandthedifferencethatproposedsafetymeasureswouldmaketoit.Therearethreebasiccategories,towhichtheHSE’spolicy-makerswork—inthejargon,corpses,cancersandcatastrophes.

“Corpses”arethevictimsofone-offaccidents.Awealthofevidenceonsuchaccidentsexists,andtheeffectsofmeasurestocombatthemareeasilycalculated.

“Cancers”,thekillerdiseasesthatcanarisefromworkinglongperiodsinunsafeenvironments,arehardertoassess.Thediseasesmaynotappearuntilyearsaftertheprocesswasfirstinitiated,andtherelationshipbetweencauseandeffectisoftencontroversial.

Assessingthepotentialfor“catastrophes”—-likeBhopal,SevesoorFlixborough_inwhichtensofthousandsofpeoplecanbeaffectedisharderstill.Sucheventsareexceedinglyraresotheycannotbepredictedonthebasisofpastexperience.Insteadengineeringexpertsthinkofeverythingthatcouldgowrong—andofthethingsthatcouldgowrongwiththeprecautions.Theprobabilityofanaccidentisthenexpressedintermsofthenumberoflikelycatastrophesper10,000years,usuallyafractionofone.Thisprocessyieldsanestimateoftheriskoflossoflifeforeachplantorprocess.Thenextstageistoputamoneyvalueonit.

Theclassiceconomist’scalculationuseswhatiscalledthe“humancapital”approach.Thedeadpersonisvaluedasamachinewhowouldotherwisehaveproducedgoods.

Thiscallouscalculusmadenoallowanceforwhatmostpeoplewouldregardasthemaincostofalostlife-thepain,griefandsuffering.Thathasnowchanged,thankstoworkbyProfessorMichaelJones-LeeandhiscolleaguesatNewcastleUniversity.Theyaskedmembersofthepublicwhatriskstheywouldbepreparedtorunforwhatoverallrewards.Thisprocessyieldsestimatesofthesubjectivevalueoflives.Theanswerseemstocomeoutbetween£lmand£2m.

1.WhyisTBAIndustrialProductsabouttoreduceasbestoslevelsintheairattheirplant?

2.“Cancers”arehardertoassessthan“corpses”because.

3.Whatdoestheassessmentofthepotentialfor“catastrophes”relyon?

4.Thewritersuggeststhatthe“humancapital”approachis.

5.AtypicalquestionposedbyProfessorJones-Leeandhiscolleagueswouldhavebeen:

问题1选项

A.TocomplywithareportbytheOntarioRoyalCommission

B.BecausetheUnionisdemandingstrictersafetymeasures

C.BecausepresentlevelsareabovethosesetbytheHSE

D.Toimprovethequalityoftheirbrakelinings

问题2选项

A.thesafetymeasuresemployedvaryagreatdeal

B.Ttherearefarmoreofthem

C.Tthewealthofevidencehasnotyetbeenanalyzed

D.Iitisdifficulttotracethecauseofsomediseases

问题3选项

A.Ananalysisofafewpastdisasters.

B.Mathematicalprobabilitycalculations.

C.Acomparisonof“cancers”and“corpses”.

D.Reportsofacompany’scapital.

问题4选项

A.unreliableandrisky

B.invaluableandsubjective

C.tooroughandready

D.clinicalandinhumane

问题5选项

A.Howmuchdoyouthinkaperson’slifeisworth?

B.Wouldyousayyouenjoytakingrisksatwork?

C.Howmuchwouldyouworkinanasbestosfactoryfor?

D.Whatrewardwouldyouexpectforsavingsomeone'slife?

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。文章第一段提到公司计划减少工厂排放至空气中的石棉含量，即每毫升空气中纤维含量最多0.5，这是卫生安全局定下的范围（Thecompanyisjustinstitutingaprogrammetoreducetheasbestosintheairattheplanttoamaximum0.5fiberspermilliliterofair—thecontrollimitimposedbytheHealthandSafetyExecutiveirresponsible），因此可以推测目前的含量超过了这个范围，才会需要降低，因此选项C符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第四段最后一句话提到这些致命的疾病可能要在多年后才出现，而其产生的原因和导致的结果之间的关系具有争议性（Thediseasesmaynotappearuntilyearsaftertheprocesswasfirstinitiated,andtherelationshipbetweencauseandeffectisoftencontroversial），因此选项D符合题意。

3.判断推理题。根据文章第五段第四句话Theprobabilityofanaccidentisthenexpressedintermsofthenumberoflikelycatastrophesper10,000years,usuallyafractionofone可知选项B符合题意。

4.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段第一句话Thiscallouscalculusmadenoallowanceforwhatmostpeoplewouldregardasthemaincostofalostlife-thepain,griefandsuffering中的callous（无情的，麻木的）可知人力资本方法是残忍的，选项D符合题意。

5.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段最后一句话Theanswerseemstocomeoutbetween£lmand£2m，可知回答的是某种事物的价格，因此选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

Journalistsusuallyrefertowhattheywriteasstories.Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories.Thisdoesnotapplyonlytoreportersbuttoeverybodyintheeditorialchain,fromdeskeditors,copyeditors,specialistandsportswriterstotheeditorhimorherself.Wordspublishedinnewspapers,onairoronlinearestories.

Storiessoundinteresting;reportssounddull.Tosome,storiesmeanfiction:"Tellmeastory,mummy”.Storiesaretallandshort,madeupandtrue.Truestoriesareaboutwhathappened.Wetellstoriesinconversation,recountingexperiencesandeventsinwhichwetookpartorobserve.Thecrucialthingaboutastoryisthatotherpeoplewanttohearit,becauseitisinterestingorentertaining.Otherwisethestorytellerisabore.

Sojournalistswritestoriesfortheirreaderstotellthemwhatisgoingon,toinformthem,engagethem,entertainthem,shockthem,amusethem,disturbthem,upliftthem.Thesubjectmatterwillvaryaccordingtothenatureofthepublicationandtheintendedaudience.Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices.Andthepaperwillincludethatvitalingredientserendipity-thestoryyoudidn’texpect,the"justfancythat",theabsurditiesaswellasthetravailsofthehumancondition.

Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.Itisaboutfindingthingsoutandtellingotherpeopleaboutthem.Thefindingoutrequiresavarietyofskillsbecausethoseinpoweroftenpreferthatweknowonlysomuch.Journalismisaboutholdingsuchpeopletoaccount,exposingtheirhumbugandhypocrisy,theabuseoftheirpower.Thisincludesthecontrolitgivesthemovertheflowofinformation,theabilitytoburythebadnews,tospinandobfuscate.Goodjournalistsmustasktheawkwardquestionsandquestiontheanswers,mustdigtounearthandthenexplain,makingcomprehensiblethatwhichauthority,byintentorverbalinadequacy,hasleftconfused,incompleteorplainmendacious.Incomprehensiblejournalismisquitesimplybadjournalism,andthereforepointless.

Ultimatelythereisonlyonepurpose:tomakethereaderreadthestory.Iftheydon't,whatwasthepointoffindingitoutandtellingit?Thisbookletpicksupthestorywhenthereaderhasreachedthestageofdecidingtoaddressthestory.Thatisnotthesameasreadingit,orevenreadingacertainamountofit.Theyhavejustreachedthefirstword,perhapsattractedbythepicture,theextractedquote,oranyoftheotherpresentationaldevicesusedtodragthereadertothestory.Wehavereachedthestagewherethereaderisgoingtosubjectthestorytothefinaltest,readingsomeorallofin.Thisisaboutwriting.

Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.Itisselective,doesnotinvolvecommitmenttothewhole.Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper.Thenewspaperreader,unlikethereaderofthemoreliterarynovel,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour.Heorshewillnotreadasentenceorparagraphasecondtimetobeclearaboutwhatisbeingsaid.Confusion,moreoftenthannot,willmeanabandoningthestoryaltogetherandmovingon.Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting.Manyyoungpeoplethinktheywouldliketobejournalistsbecausetheyhave"alwayslovedwriting”orstartedwritingpoemswhentheywereeight.Itiscertainlynotenoughandmaywellbeabarriertosuccessinjournalism.ThelateNicholasTomalinfamouslywrotethat"theonlyqualitiesessentialforrealsuccessinjournalismarerat-likecunning,aplausiblemanner,andalittleliteraryability."Heincludedwriting,butheplaceditthirdandprefaceditwithadiminutive.Thewritingmatters;butdon'tthinkofitasart.Thinkofitasworkingwriting,writingdoingajob,writingthatputsacrossinformationinawaythatmakesreaderswanttoabsorbit.

Atatimewhenthevastmajorityofentrantstojournalismhavedegrees—welcomebecausejournalisminacomplexworldisanintellectualpursuititisworthpointingoutthatwritingfornewspapersisalsoverydifferentfromtheacademicwritingofstudentessays.Notimetoproducearoutemapfortheessayandreachthepointsomewhereneartheend;thejournalistmustgrabtheattentionatonce.

Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengagingly,sothatreaderswillkeepreading;toexplainsothatallthereadersunderstand,andwantto.Thisisthetaskthewritingjournalisthas.

1.Whichofthefollowingismostlyusedbyjournaliststodescribethepiecestheywrite?

2.Whatshouldagoodnewspapereditordoaccordingtothetext?

3.ThequoteofNicholasTomalinisusedtoexpressthat（）

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweennewspaperreadingandbookreading?

5.Whatisthefinalpurposeforjournalisticwritingaccordingtothetext?

问题1选项

A.Reports.

B.Stories.

C.Articles.

D.Pieces.

问题2选项

A.Findthingsoutandtellreadersaboutthem.

B.Grabtheattentionatonce.

C.Catertoreaders’interestsandpreoccupations.

D.Controltheflowofinformation.

问题3选项

A.Journalisticwritingisdifferentfromwritingasanart.

B.Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengaginglyforreaderstokeepreading.

C.Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.

D.Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.

问题4选项

A.Contentsareselectedinnewspapers.

B.Lesstimeisspentreadinganewspaper.

C.Newspaperreadersareexpectedtoinvesteffortintheendeavour.

D.Newspaperreadersgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

问题5选项

A.Makingreadersspendmoretimereadinganewspaper.

B.Connectingreaderswithgovernments.

C.Makingreadersreadthestory.

D.Explaininginawaysothatallthereadersunderstand.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.事实细节题。第一段指出“Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories”，不是文章或报告，偶尔的作品是故事。由此可知B项“故事”正确。

第2题:2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位至第三段“Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices”，一位好的报纸编辑要有明确的概念，即：什么样的人会读报纸，要迎合读者的兴趣，抓住读者的注意力，有时可能要关注他们的偏见。因此C项“迎合读者的兴趣，抓住读者的注意力”正确。

第3题:3.判断推理题。对NicholasTomalin所述的引用在第七段，第七段的主题句是“Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting”，所以新闻写作不同于创意写作。此后的每句都是在论证这一主题句，因此A项“新闻写作不同于创意写作”正确。

第4题:4.事实细节题。A:报纸上的内容是选择性的。第六段指出“Itisselective”，它是选择性的，因此A项正确。B：读报所花的时间更少。根据“Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper”可知B项正确。C：报纸读者应该在这方面努力。根据“Thenewspaperreader,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour”，看报的人并不需要投入太多的精力，因此C项与原文不符。D：报纸读者偏爱故事，而不喜欢从头到尾读。根据“Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough”，许多读报者只是略读，仅仅粗略看看故事而不是精读，因此D项正确。

第5题:5.判断推理题。文章讲述了新闻写作的特点与要求。因为看报者通常会花较少的时间浏览报纸各版面，所以新闻作品要迎合读者口味，吸引他们的注意力。故本题选A项“让读者花费更多的时间去阅读报纸”。

8.单选题

Theworkeragreedto（

）thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfytheirdemands.

问题1选项

A.callfor

B.callforth

C.calloff

D.callup

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。callfor意为“接（人），呼吁，需要”；callforth意为“唤起，引起”；calloff意为“取消”；callup意为“打电话，召集”。

句意：如果公司能满足他们的要求，工人们就同意取消罢工。

9.单选题

Themilitaryoperations（）yesterdayweretargetedatthemilitaryinstallations.

问题1选项

A.propelled

B.commenced

C.plagued

D.modulated

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。空格处做的是后置定语，修饰themilitaryoperations(军事行动)，B项commenced(开始)符合句意。

10.单选题

TheEnglishweatherdefiesforecastandhenceisasourceofinterestand______toeveryone.

问题1选项

A.speculation

B.attribution

C.utilization

D.proposition

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.speculation推测，猜测B.attribution归因，属性

C.utilization利用，使用D.proposition提议，建议（尤指业务上的）

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“英国的天气出乎预料，因此引起了大家的兴趣和______”可知，因为天气是难以预料的，所以这引起英国人的对天气的猜测，该题选择A项恰当。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】英国的天气出乎预料，因此引起了大家的兴趣和猜测。

11.单选题

Thereisageneral______thatpouringoldwineintothesamebottlesisthewrongwaytogo.

问题1选项

A.consensus

B.census

C.censorship

D.conscience

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项consensus“一致；舆论；合意”；B选项census“人口普查，人口调查；（官方的）统计，调查”；C选项censorship“审查制度；审查机构”；D选项conscience“道德心，良心”。句意：人们普遍认为，把陈年的酒倒进同一个瓶子里是错误的做法。因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

Thatpartofthecityhaslongbeen______foritsstreetviolence.

问题1选项

A.notorious

B.responsible

C.historical

D.illegal

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.notorious声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的B.responsible有责任的，负责的

C.historical（有关）历史的，历史学的D.illegal不合法的，非法的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词streetviolence（街头暴力）可知，空格处填入notorious表示“臭名昭著的”符合句子意思。因此，该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】该市的这一地区长期以来因街头暴力而臭名昭著。

13.单选题

Howcanwefinishtheworkinthe（）ofanyotherhelpers?

问题1选项

A.shortage

B.haste

C.deficiency

D.absence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项shortage“缺乏，不足”。B选项haste“匆忙，急忙”。C选项deficiency“缺陷，缺点”。D选项absence“缺席，缺少，没有”。句意：如果没有其他帮手，我们怎么能完成这项工作呢?本句表示“缺乏帮手的话，难以完成这项工作”。因此D选项符合题意。

14.翻译题

HongKongisheldinhighregardandthereisadeepreservoirofgoodwillforHongKongaroundtheworld.HongKong’sstrongestsupportersinternationallyarethosewhoknowitwell,andthosewhohavevisitedHongKongsincetheHandover.ThereiswiderecognitionthatHongKong’sproximitytotheMainlandofChinaandtheexperiencetheHongKongbusinesscommunityhasindoingbusinessthererepresenttremendousadvantagesforHongKong.HongKongbusinesscommunitymustmovefastifitistofullyleveragethoseadvantages.

AnotherchallengefacedbyHongKongistheperceptionthatitmustdoabetterjobofpublicizingthesignificantaddedvalueitoffersinfaceofwhatisseenasthehighcostofdoingbusinessandlivinginHongKong.HongKong’speople,andtheirreputationforhardworkandentrepreneurship,areseenasoneofitsgreatestassets.However,thereisconcernexpressedbysomeinthecommunitythatsufficientstepsarenotbeingtakentomaintainhighstandardsofEnglishlanguagecapability,particularlywiththeyoungpeopleenteringtheworkforce.

【答案】【参考译文】世界对香港的评价很高，有关香港的溢美之词不胜枚举。香港在国际上最坚定的支持者是那些很了解它的人，和那些自香港回归以来踏足香港的外地朋友。人们普遍认为，香港与中国大陆毗邻的地理位置以及香港商界的经商经验对香港来说都是巨大的优势。如果香港商界想要充分利用那些优势，那么必须快速地行动起来。

香港面临的另一个挑战是，在面对看似高昂的商业和生活成本时，需要认识到更好地宣传其所提供的重要附加值的必要性。香港人，以及他们努力工作和拥有创业精神的声誉被看成是香港最主要的资产之一。然而，香港商界的一些人担心，政府现在没有采取足够的措施去维持高水平的英语语言能力，尤其是进入职场的年轻人的英语能力。

15.单选题

PeopleweresurprisedtofindthatMr.Johnsonhadtheabilityto（）everythinghewasinvolvedin.

问题1选项

A.prevail

B.dominate

C.preside

D.instruct

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。prevail盛行，流行；dominate控制，支配；preside主持，担任会议主席；instruct指导，通知。句意：人们惊讶地发现Mr.Johnson有能力操控他所做的每件事。选项B符合句意。

16.单选题

Althoughhethoughthewashelpingustopreparethedinner,hewasactually（）theway.

问题1选项

A.in

B.after

C.on

D.by

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项intheway“挡道，碍事，妨碍某人”；B选项aftertheway英语里没有这样的短语。C选项ontheway“在途中，在路上，从某种程度上来说”；D选项bytheway“顺便说说，顺便问一下”，句意：他以为他在帮我们准备晚餐，其实根本不是这么回事。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

17.单选题

Inthe1960sand'70softhelastunlamentedcentury,therewasaNewYorktelevisionproducernamedDavidSusskind.Hewascommerciallysuccessful;hewasalso,surprisingly,amanofstrongpoliticalviewswhichheknewhowtopresentsotactfullythatnetworkswereoftenunawareofjustwhathewasgettingawaywithontheir—our—air.Politically,helikedtogetstrong-mindedgueststositwithhimataroundtableinarattybuildingatthecornerofBroadwayand42ndStreet.Soonerorlater,justabouteveryoneofinterestappearedonhisprogram.Needlesstosay,healsohadtimeforVivienLeightodiscussherrecentdivorcefromLaurenceOlivier,whichsummonedforththemysteriouscryfromtheformerScarlettO'Hara,“IamdeeplysorryforanywomanwhowasnotmarriedtoLarryOlivier.”Sincethistookinseveralbillionladies(nottomentionthosegentlemenwhomighthaveofferedtofill,asitwere,thebreach),Leighcausedaproperstir,asdidtheballerinaAliciaMarkova,whogentlyassuredusthat“aMarkovacomesonlyonceeveryhundredyearsorso.”

Isuspectitwasthedimlightingonthesetthatinvitedsuchnakedtruths.Davidwatchedhispennies.Idon'trecallhow,orwhen,webeganour“StatesoftheUnion”programs.Butwedidthemyearafteryear.Iwouldfollowwhoeverhappenedtobepresident,andI'dcorrecthis“real”StateoftheUnionwithoneofmyown,improvisingfromquestionsthatDavidwouldprepare.Iwasapoliticalpunditbecauseina1960racefortheHouseofRepresentatives(upstateNewYork),Igotmorevotesthantheheadoftheticket,JFK;in1962,IturneddowntheDemocraticnominationforU.S.Senateonthesensiblegroundthatitwasnotwinnable;Ialsohadaprettygoodmemoryinthosedays,nowa-janglewithwarningbellsasItrytorecallthenationaldebtor,morepoignantly,whereIlastsawmyglasses.

I'vejustcomeacrossmy“StateoftheUnion”asof1972.In1972,Ibegin:“Accordingtothepolls,oursecondprincipalconcerntodayisthebreakdownoflawandorder.”(What,Iwonder,wasthefirst?Let'shopeitwasthepointless,seven-year—atthatpoint—warinSoutheastAsia.)Inotedthattothosedie-hardconservatives,“lawandorder”isusuallyacodephrasemeaning“gettheblacks.”While,towhatanorexic,vacant-eyedblondewomenonTVnowdescribeasthe“liberalelite,”wewerepushingthecareful—thatis,slow—eliminationofpoverty.Butthen,Isayverymildly,wehaveonlyonepoliticalpartyintheUnitedStates,thePropertyParty,withtworightwings,RepublicanandDemocrat.SinceItendedtospeaktoconservativeaudiencesinsuchcivilizedplacesasMedford,Oregon;Parkersburg,WestVirginia;andLongview,Washington,thereare,predictably,afewgaspsatthisrejectionofsomuchreceivedopinion.Therearealsoquiteafewnodsfrominterestedcitizenswhofinditdifficultatelectiontimetotellthepartiesapart.WasitinpristineMedfordthatIactuallysawthenoddingRalphNaderwhomIwas,tohishorror,torunforpresidentthatyearinEsquire?Inspiredbythenods,Istarttogeldthelily,asthelateSamGoldwynusedtosay.TheRepublicansareoftenmoredoctrinairethantheDemocrats,whoarewillingtomakesmall—verysmall—adjustmentswherethepoorandblackareconcernedwhilegivingaidandcomforttotheanti-imperialists.

1.WemayunderstandAliciaMarkovatobe（

）.

2.Inthepassage,theauthorremindsthereaderthatthebroadcastbandsare

（

）.

3.Theauthornowfindsitdifficultto

（

）.

4.Theauthorobservesthatanti-crimeinitiativesbyAmerica'spoliticalrightofteneitherresultinorarebasedupon

（

）.

5.TheauthorwasinvitedtoparticipateinSuskind'stelevisionprogramsbecause（

）.

问题1选项

A.acurrentpopularfigureintheUnitedStates

B.amuchsought-afterinterviewsubject

C.apopular,ratherthanintellectual,interviewsubject

D.aRussiandefectortotheUnitedStates

问题2选项

A.invariablyusedforthepublicgood

B.private,ratherthanpublic,property

C.public,ratherthanprivate,property

D.fairandbalanced

问题3选项

A.runforSenate

B.differentiatebetweenaRepublicanandaDemocrat

C.rememberdetailsorinformation

D.identifycode-wordsinthemedia

问题4选项

A.thedesiretoeliminatepoverty

B.protectionofproperty

C.theStateoftheUnion

D.profiling.

问题5选项

A.ofhisvariedpoliticalexperience

B.heturneddowntheDemocraticnominationforU.S.Senate

C.hisknowledgeofLarryOlivier

D.hisstatusasananti-imperialist

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。由第一段中“Leighcausedaproperstir,asdidtheballerinaAliciaMarkova,whogentlyassuredusthat‘aMarkovacomesonlyonceeveryhundredyearsorso.’费雯•丽（英国电影演员）引起了一场特有的轰动，正如芭蕾舞女演员艾丽西亚•玛克娃温和地向我们保证‘一个玛克娃每一百年左右才出现一次’所带来的轰动一样。”和文中提及“大卫•萨斯坎德（DavidSusskind）是纽约的一位电视节目制作人”可推知“艾丽西亚•玛克娃是一位受欢迎而不理智的采访对象”，C选项正确。

第2题:2.推理判断题。由第一段中“…sotactfullythatnetworkswereoftenunawareofjustwhathewasgettingawaywithontheir-our-air…如此巧妙地，以至于广播电视网经常不知晓他(即大卫•萨斯坎德)在他们自己的电台上侥幸逃脱了什么。”可知B选项“私有的而不是公有的财产”正确。

第3题:3.细节事实题。由第二段中“IturneddowntheDemocraticnominationforU.S.senateonthesensiblegroundthatitwasnotwinnable…我基于明智的理由（即进入参议院是不可成功的）而拒绝了美国参议员民主党提名”可知A选项“竞选参议院席位”正确。

第4题:4.推理判断题。由第三段中“Butthen,Isayverymildly,wehaveonlyonepoliticalpartyintheUnitedStates,thePropertyParty,withtworightwings,RepublicanandDemocrat.然而，我非常温和地说，我们在美国只有一个政党，即产权党，它有着民主党和共和党两个权力党派。”可知B选项“保护产权”正确。

第5题:5.细节事实题。由第三段中“Iwasapoliticalpundit…我是一位政治专家”可知A项“他的各种政治经验”正确。

18.单选题

Lifeinsuranceisfinancialprotectionfordependentsagainstloss（）thebread-winner'sdeath.

问题1选项

A.atthecostof

B.onthevergeof

C.asaresultof

D.forthesakeof

【答案】C

【解析】atthecostof

以...为代价；onthevergeof濒临于,

接近于；asaresultof因此,

由于；forthesakeof为了。句意：人寿保险为被保者的家属提供经济保障,

以防止因养家糊口的人去世而造成的损失。选项C符合句意。

19.单选题

（）Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.

问题1选项

A.Eventhough

B.Unless

C.Aslongas

D.However

【答案】C

【解析】句意：只要我知道钱是安全的,我就不会担心。选项C符合句意。

20.单选题

Tiredofurbanlife,Jenifermakesuphermindtobuildherownhomeinaregionwherewildlife（）.

问题1选项

A.abounds

B.exceeds

C.amplifies

D.sustains

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项abound表示“大量存在，盛产，充满”，B选项exceed表示“超越，胜过”，C选项amplify表示“放大；扩大”，D选项sustain表示“维持（生命、生存）；保持；支撑”。由句意可知，珍妮弗因为厌倦城市生活，所以决心在野生动物丰富的地区建造自己的家。定语从句的主语是wildlife，缺少谓语动词。对比四个选项，只有A选项词义最符合原文句意，故A选项为本题正确答案。

21.单选题

TheirsigningofthetreatywasregardedasaconspiracyagainsttheBritishCrown.

问题1选项

A.secretplan

B.boldattack

C.cleverdesign

D.jointeffort

【答案】A

【解析】形+名词组辨析。conspiracy指阴谋。secretplan秘密计划；boldattack大胆的攻击；cleverdesign聪明的设计，为褒义词，不符合语境；jointeffort共同努力。选项A更符合语境，所以正确。

22.单选题

Thepriestmadethe（）ofthecrosswhenheenteredthechurch.

问题1选项

A.mark

B.signal

C.sign

D.gesture

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项mark“标志，记号”；B选项signal“信号，暗号”；C选项sign“符号，记号，手势”；D选项gesture“姿态，手势”。四个词中，只有sign可与“cross（十字）”搭配，thesignofthecross表示“一个十字符号”。例如：toconsecratewiththesignofthecross（划十字祝福）。句意：当他进入教堂时神父画了个十字。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。

23.单选题

Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnodenyingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredor_______bytheteacher.

问题1选项

A.exaggerated

B.discounted

C.overestimated

D.verified

【答案】B

【解析】exaggerated夸大,言过其实的;discounted打折的;overestimated过高评价的;verified核实的。句意：无论我们多么重视学校生活,不可否认的事实是孩子们呆在家里的时间比在教室里的时间多。因此,父母的巨大影响是不能被老师忽视或者大打折扣的。选项B符合句意。

24.单选题

______forhisillness,hewouldhavecometohelpyoupaintyourhouse.

问题1选项

A.Notbeing

B.Nothavingbeen

C.Haditnotbeen

D.Havingitnotbeen

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。当主句结构为：主语+would（shouldcouldmight）+have+动词的过去分词时，从句结构应为：If+主语+had+动词的过去分词。当虚拟句中的if省略时，主句中的had要提前。原句应为：Ifithadnotbeenforhisillness...，省略if后had提前，句子变为：Haditnotbeenforhisillness...。句意：如果不是因为他生病，他就会来帮你粉刷房子了。因此C选项正确。

25.单选题

Iftheworldistoremainpeacefultheutmosteffortmustbemadebynationstolimitlocal（