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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-乌鲁木齐职业大学考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thespeaker,ateacherfromacommunitycollege,addressedasympatheticaudience.Headsnoddedinagreementwhenhesaid,“HighschoolEnglishteachersarenotdoingtheirjobs.”Hedescribedtheinadequaciesofhisstudents,allhighschoolgraduateswhocanuselanguageonlyatagrade9level.Iwasunabletodeterminefromhisanswerstomyquestionshowthisgrade9levelhadbeenestablished.

Mytopicisnotstandardsnoritsdecline.Whatthespeakerwasreallysayingisthatheisnolongeryoung;hehasbeenteachingforsixteenyears,andisabletothinkandspeaklikeamatureadult.

Mypointisthatthefrequentcomplaintofonegenerationabouttheoneimmediatelyfollowingitisinevitable.Itisalsohumannaturetolookforthereasonsforourdissatisfaction.BeforeEnglishbecameaschoolsubjectinthelatenineteenthcentury,itwasdifficulttofindthetargetoftheblameforlanguagedeficiencies.Butsincethen,Englishteachershavebeenunderconstantattack.

Thecomplainersthinktheyhavehituponanoriginalidea.Astheirowncommandofthelanguageimproves,theynoticethatyoungpeopledonothavethissameability.Unawarethattheirownabilityhasdevelopedthroughtheyears,theyassumethenewgenerationsofyoungpeoplemustbehopelessinthisrespect.Totheeyesandearsofsensitiveadultsthelanguageoftheyoungalwaysseemsinadequate.

SincethisconcernaboutthedeclineandfalloftheEnglishlanguageisnotperceivedasagenerationalphenomenonbutratherassomethingnewandpeculiartotoday’syoungpeople,itnaturallyfollowsthattoday’sEnglishteacherscannotbedoingtheirjobs.Otherwise,youngpeoplewouldnotcommitoffensesagainstthelanguage.

1.Thespeakertheauthormentionedinthepassagebelievedthat________.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thespeaker________.

3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthespeaker’sremarksis________.

问题1选项

A.thelanguageoftheyoungergenerationisusuallyinferiortothatoftheoldergeneration

B.thestudentshadapoorcommandofEnglishbecausetheydidn’tworkhardenough

C.thewasanexcellentlanguageteacherbecausehehadbeenteachingEnglishforsixteenyears

D.Englishteachersshouldbeheldresponsibleforthestudents’poorcommandofEnglish

问题2选项

A.gaveacorrectjudgmentoftheEnglishlevelofthestudents

B.hadexaggeratedthelanguageproblemsofthestudents

C.wasrightinsayingthatEnglishteacherswerenotdoingtheirjobs

D.couldthinkandspeakintelligently

问题3选项

A.itisjustifiabletoincludeEnglishasaschoolsubject

B.theauthordisagreeswiththespeakeroverthestandardofEnglishatGrade9level

C.Englishlanguageteachingisbynomeansaneasyjob

D.languageimprovementneedstimeandeffort

问题4选项

A.neutral

B.positive

C.critical

D.compromising

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:【选项释义】

Thespeakertheauthormentionedinthepassagebelievedthat________.作者在文中提到的演讲者认为________。

A.thelanguageoftheyoungergenerationisusuallyinferiortothatoftheoldergenerationA.年轻一代的语言通常不如老一代的语言

B.thestudentshadapoorcommandofEnglishbecausetheydidn’tworkhardenoughB.这些学生的英语水平很低,因为他们不够努力

C.thewasanexcellentlanguageteacherbecausehehadbeenteachingEnglishforsixteenyearsC.他是一位优秀的语言老师,因为他已经教了16年英语了

D.Englishteachersshouldbeheldresponsibleforthestudents’poorcommandofEnglishD.英语教师应该对学生英语不好负责

【答案】D

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干中信息词Thespeaker定位到第一段第一句,该处讲到“演讲者(Thespeaker)是一所社区大学的教师”,结合该段第二句“他说,高中英语老师没有做好他们的工作(HighschoolEnglishteachersarenotdoingtheirjobs)。”,可知他认为学生英语不好是高中老师的责任,因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“年轻一代的语言通常不如老一代的语言”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有;

B选项“这些学生的英语水平很低,因为他们不够努力”:演讲者认为其原因在于老师没教好,而不是学生不努力,属于偷换概念;

C选项“他是一位优秀的语言老师,因为他已经教了16年英语了”:对应第二段最后一句“他已经教书十六年了(teachingforsixteenyears),能像成年人一样思考和说话(thinkandspeaklikeamatureadult)。”,能像成年人一样思考和说话不等同于是一位优秀的语言老师,演讲者没有这样的意思,属于偷换概念。

第2题:【选项释义】

Intheauthor’sopinion,thespeaker________.在作者看来,演讲者________。

A.gaveacorrectjudgmentoftheEnglishlevelofthestudentsA.对学生的英语水平做出了正确的判断

B.hadexaggeratedthelanguageproblemsofthestudentsB.夸大了学生的语言问题

C.wasrightinsayingthatEnglishteacherswerenotdoingtheirjobsC.说英语老师没有做好他们的工作是对的

D.couldthinkandspeakintelligentlyD.能聪明地思考和说话

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干中信息词author’sopinion定位到第三段第一、二句,该处讲到“我的观点是(Mypointisthat),一代人对下一代人的频繁抱怨(frequentcomplaint)不可避免(inevitable)。寻找不满(lookfordissatisfaction)也是出于人的天性(humannature)。”,可知作者认为上一代人找理由抱怨下一代人的语言能力是出于天性,而不是因为这些学生的英语水平真的很低,夸大了学生的语言问题,因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“对学生的英语水平做出了正确的判断”:作者认为没有正确、客观地评价,反而夸大了学生的语言问题,属于反向干扰;

C选项“说英语老师没有做好他们的工作是对的”:对应该段第三、四句“在19世纪末英语成为一门学科(Englishbecameaschoolsubject)之前,很难找到语言缺陷的指责对象。但从那以后(Butsincethen),英语教师一直受到攻击(havebeenunderconstantattack)。”,可知作者认为对英语老师的批评不公正、不客观,并非正确,属于反向干扰;

D选项“能聪明地思考和说话”:对应第二段最后一句“说话者真正想说(speakerwasreallysaying)的是……他能像成年人一样思考和说话。”,可知这是演讲者自己认为的,而不是作者认为的,属于张冠李戴。

第3题:【选项释义】

Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.从文章中可以得出结论:________。

A.itisjustifiabletoincludeEnglishasaschoolsubjectA.把英语作为一门学科很合理

B.theauthordisagreeswiththespeakeroverthestandardofEnglishatGrade9levelB.作者不同意演讲者对九年级英语水平标准的看法

C.EnglishlanguageteachingisbynomeansaneasyjobC.英语教学绝不是一件容易的工作

D.languageimprovementneedstimeandeffortD.提高语言需要时间和努力

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】此题定位到第四段第三句,该处讲到“他们没有意识到自己的能力已经发展了这么多年(abilityhasdevelopedthroughtheyears),并且认为新一代的年轻人在这方面肯定是没有希望了(hopelessinthisrespect)。”,可知语言能力的提高需要长时间的努力,因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“把英语作为一门学科很合理”:文中没有探讨英语作为一门学科的问题,属于无中生有;

B选项“作者不同意演讲者对九年级英语水平的看法”:对应第一段最后一句“我无法确定(unabletodetermine)这个9年级的水平是如何判定的。”,可知作者对此的态度是不确定,而非不同意,属于偷换概念;

C选项“英语教学绝不是一件容易的工作”:文中没有提到英语教学的要求和难度,属于无中生有。

第4题:【选项释义】

Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthespeaker’sremarksis________.作者对演讲者言论的态度是________。

A.neutralA.中立的

B.positiveB.肯定的

C.criticalC.批判的

D.compromisingD.有失体面的,不宜泄露的

【答案】C

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】此题定位到第一段最后一句“我无法确定(unabletodetermine)这个9年级的水平是如何判定的。”,以及第三段“我的观点是(Mypointisthat),一代人对下一代人的频繁抱怨不可避免。寻找不满也是出于人的天性……但(But)从那以后,英语教师一直受到攻击(constantattack)。”,可知作者并不赞同演讲者对于学生语言水平的判定,并且反对演讲者对英语老师所做工作的否定,因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“中立的”:作者有明确的观点,并没有保持中立,属于反向干扰;

B选项“肯定的”:作者明确地反对,属于反向干扰;

D选项“有失体面的”:作者并没有认为演讲者的言论是错误的,所以不能公开,属于无中生有。

2.单选题

Peoplearefascinatedtoseethatthemagicianmadeabigandtalldeer()inaflash.

问题1选项

A.fade

B.shout

C.yield

D.vanish

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。A选项fade“消失”,侧重逐渐消失。例句:Somesaidthat,oncethisnoveltyhadwornoff,cinemawouldfadeaway.(有人说,一旦这种新鲜感消失,电影院就会消失。);B选项shout“呼喊;大声说”;C选项yield“屈服,放弃”;D选项vanish“使不见,使消失”,指完全、往往是神秘而突然的消失,不留任何蛛丝马迹。例句:Hevanishedwithouttrace.(他消失得无影无踪。)。句意:看到魔术师使一只又大又高的鹿瞬间消失,人们都被迷住了。由选项意思和句意可知,D选项符合句意。

3.单选题

Aconditionisanessentialtermofthecontract.Ifacontractisnotperformed,itmayconstituteasubstantialbreachofcontractandallowtheotherpartyto(

)thecontract,thatis,treatthecontractasdischargedorterminated.

问题1选项

A.repudiate

B.spurn

C.decline

D.halt

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项repudiate“拒绝,拒不履行(法律);否定”;B选项spurn“摈弃;藐视”;C选项decline“谢绝;下降;衰落”;D选项halt“停止;踌躇”。句意:条件是合同的一个重要条款。如果合同不履行,就可能构成对合同的实质性违约,并允许另一方……合同,即将合同视为解除或终止。因此A选项符合题意。

4.单选题

Someresearchersfeelthatcertainpeoplehavenervoussystemsparticularly(

)tohot,drywinds.Theyarewhatwecallweathersensitivepeople.

问题1选项

A.subjective

B.subordinate

C.liable

D.vulnerable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。subjective主观的,个人的;subordinate从属的,次要的;liable有…倾向的,易…的;vulnerable易受…影响的。句意:一些研究人员意识到某些人的神经系统特别易受干燥的热风的影响,我们称这些人为天气敏感症患者。由weathersensitivepeople可知空格处所填单词应与sensitive意思一致,具有“易受……影响的”意思,故答案D

5.单选题

Thetenantmustbepreparedtodecoratetheproperty()thetermsoftheagreement.

问题1选项

A.bywayof

B.inaccordancewith

C.withregardto

D.inrelationto

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。bywayof“经由”;inaccordancewith“依照,与…一致”;withregardto“关于,至于”;inrelationto“关于,涉及”。句意:承租人必须()协议条款来准备装修房屋。只有B项符合句意,表示根据协议条款来装修房屋。

6.单选题

Hewasvery(

)totheoldladyanddideverythingforher.

问题1选项

A.attentive

B.observant

C.earnest

D.considerate

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:他很那位老妇人,什么都替她做。

attentive:留意的,细心的。observant:善于观察的,观察力敏锐的。earnest:认真的,诚实的。considerate:体贴的,体谅的。故D项符合句意。

7.单选题

Ifacatcomestooclosetoitsnest,themockingbird_______asetofactionstoprotectitsoffspring.

问题1选项

A.hastens

B.releases

C.devises

D.initiates

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。hastens“催促,加速”;releases“释放,发表”;devises“发明,图谋”;initiates“发动,发起”。句意:如果猫越来越靠近嘲鸫的巢,它将会发动一系列行动去保护它的后代。选项D符合题意。

8.单选题

What,besideschildren,connectsmothersaroundtheworldandacrosstheseasoftime?It’schickensoup,oneprominentAmericanfoodexpertsays.

FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsia,chickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit.MotherspasstheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece,ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMainmidesextolleditsvirtues.

Amongtheancients,Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearth.Chickensgotanotherboost(吹捧)inthebookofGenesis,whereitiswrittenthatbirdsandfishwerecreatedonthefifthday,adaybeforefour-leggedanimals.ButaccordingtoMimiSheraton,whohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldofchickensoup,muchofthereasonforchicken’srealorimaginedcurativepowerscomesfromitscolor.

Hernewbook,“TheWholeWorldLovesChickenSoup”,looksatthebelovedandmysteriousbrew,withdozensofrecipesfromaroundtheworld.“Throughouttheages,"shesaid,“therehasbeenalotoffeelingthatwhite-coloredfoodsareeasiertoeatfortheweak-womenandtheill.Inaddition,“soup,oranythingforthatmattereatenwithaspoon”areconsidered“comfortfoods.”Sheratonsaid.

“IlovesoupandlovemakingsoupandasIwascollectingrecipesIbegantoseethisasaninternationaldish...Ithasauniversalmystiqueassomethingcurative,astrengthbuilder.”SheratonsaidfromherNewYorkhome.

Herbooktreatstheoldestremedyasifitwasbrandnew.TheNationalBroilerCouncil,thetradegrouprepresentingthechickenindustry,reportedthat51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchickenbecauseitwashealthier,50percentsaiditwasversatile,41percentsaiditwaseconomicaland46percentsaiditwaslowinfat.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

2.Sinceancienttimes,thevalueofchickensoup().

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

4.Chickensouphascurativepowersmainlyfor()accordingtoSheraton.

5.Itcanbesaidfromthesurveythatchickenis().

问题1选项

A.ProminentAmericanFoods

B.HistoryofthechickenSoup

C.ChickenSoupRecipes

D.ChickenSoup,aUniversalCure-all

问题2选项

A.hasbeenover-estimated

B.hasbeenwidelyacknowledged

C.hasbeenappreciatedonlybyphilosophers

D.hasbeenknownonlytomothers

问题3选项

A.Chickensouphasaverylonghistory.

B.Sinceancienttimes,chickensouphasbeenahomeremedy.

C.Poultryusuallystandshigherthanfour-leggedanimals.

D.Four-leggedanimalsweresaidtobecreatedonthesixthday.

问题4选项

A.itscolor

B.itstaste

C.itsflavor

D.itsrecipe

问题5选项

A.amaindish

B.apopularfood

C.cheaperthananyotherfood

D.Alloftheabove

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。全文从不同角度,从古至今,讲述了鸡汤的好处。故D项正确。

2.推理判断题。由第二段FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsia,chickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit.MotherspasstheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece,ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMainmidesextolleditsvirtues.从俄罗斯的村庄到非洲和亚洲,鸡汤一直是那些身体和精神虚弱的人的良药。母亲们把她们的知识传给了古希腊、中国和罗马的古代作家,甚至12世纪的哲学家和医生摩西•梅因米德斯(MosesMainmides)也赞美这种美德。由此可知从古代开始鸡汤的价值就为人所知。故B项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第三段Amongtheancients,Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearth.在古代,亚里士多德认为家禽应该比四条腿的动物站得更高,因为空气的密度比地球小。可知这只是亚里士多德的猜测,不是事实。故C项表述错误。

4.细节事实题。由第三段“ButaccordingtoMimiSheraton,whohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldofchickensoup,muchofthereasonforchicken’srealorimaginedcurativepowerscomesfromitscolor.但在过去3年的大部分时间里,MimiSheraton一直在探索鸡汤的世界。他表示,鸡肉之所以具有真正的或想象中的疗效,在很大程度上是因为它的颜色。可知Sheraton认为鸡汤具有如此强大的疗效在于它的颜色。故A项正确。

5.推理判断题。由最后一段“51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchickenbecauseitwashealthier,50percentsaiditwasversatile,41percentsaiditwaseconomicaland46percentsaiditwaslowinfat.51%的受访者说他们买鸡肉是因为鸡肉更健康,50%的人说鸡肉有多种用途,41%的人说鸡肉很经济,46%的人说鸡肉脂肪含量低。”可知很多人购买鸡肉,并且购买的原因也多样化,恰好说明了鸡肉成为一种受欢迎的食物。故B项正确。

9.单选题

TherehewasAmerica’sfirstPresidentwithaMBA,themanwholovestoboastabouthisbusinessbackground,whosepresidentialcampaignraisedunprecedentedsumsfromcorporateWalletsandwhosecabinetisstuffedwithchiefexecutives.FaithintheintegrityofAmericanbusinessleaderswasbeingundermined,GeorgeBushsaidfiercely,byexecutives“breachingtrustandabusingpower.”Itwastimefor“anewethicofpersonalresponsibilityinthebusinesscommunity”.Hewasgoingto“endthedaysofcookingthebooks,shadingthetruthandbreakingourlaws”.

Onlymonthsago,theideathatGeorgeBushwouldpubliclylambasteAmerica’scooperatebosseswaslaughable.Asacandidate,bornonthewaveofadecade-longeconomicboomandanunprecedented18-yearbullmarket,hecashedinonAmerican’sloveaffairwithcorporatesuccess.Butthingsaredifferentnow.Thestockmarketbubblehasburstand,despitesignsofeconomicrecovery,WallStreetseemstobesunkingloom.AstringofscandalsatsomeofAmerica’smosthigh-flyingfirmsincludingEnron,Xerox.Tyco,GlobalCrossingandmostrecently,WorldComhasradicallychangedthepublicmood.

Aspoliticalpressureforreformincreases,sotoodoestheheatonMr.Bush.Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,Mr.Bushthinksthecurrentcrisisstemsfromafewbad-applechiefexecutivesratherthanthesystemasawhole.Hencehefocusesontoughpenaltiesforcorruptbusinessmenandhispleaforhigherethicalstandards.Thepresidentannouncedthecreationofafinancial-crimesSWATteam,attheJusticeDepartmenttorootoutcorporatefraud,andwantstodoublethemaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudfromfivetotenyears.Butheofferedfewconcretesuggestionsforsystemicreform:littlementionofchangestostrengthenshareholders’rights,notevenanendorsementoftheSenatecorporate-reformbill.TherearefewsignsyetthatcleaningupcorporateAmericaisanissuethatanimatesthevoters.PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingshavefallenfromtheirsky-highs,buttheyarestillverystrong.

Thepresident,therefore,needdonomorethantalktough.ThisalonewillconvinceordinaryAmericansthatheisontopoftheissue.Astheeconomyreboundsandpublicoutagesubsides,theClamorforchangewillbequieter.Democraticattackswillfizzle,andfar-reachingreformbillswillbewatereddownbeforetheybecomelaw.Politically,thegamblemakessense.UnfortunatelyforAmericancapitalism,agreatopportunitywillbemissed.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

2.WecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthatMr.Bush

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMr.Bushismentionedinthispassage?

4.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthereformis(

).

5.Thephrase“agreatopportunity"inthelastparagraphreferstoanopportunityto

问题1选项

A.Bushhadtoofferconcretesuggestionsforreformaspoliticalpressureincrease.

B.Atpresent,themaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudisfiveyears.

C.ItislaughablethatMr.BushpubliclyattackedAmerica’scorporatebosses.

D.Americanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessaswellaspoliticalleaders.

问题2选项

A.didn'tintendtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform

B.didnotdoanythingatallforthepresenceofthecurrentsituation

C.tookshareholders'rightintoaccount,buthedidn'tapprovereformbill

D.tooksomemeasurestopavethewayforthereform

问题3选项

A.Mr.BushisthesecondPresidentwithanMBAinAmericanhistory.

B.My.Bushcontributesalottodecade-longeconomicboom.

C.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingsarestillhigh.

D.MyBushdidn'tgetsupportinhispresidentialcampaign.

问题4选项

A.indifferent

B.optimistic

C.skeptical

D.favorable

问题5选项

A.carryoutreform

B.boomeconomy

C.animatethevoters

D.attackchiefexecutive

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第三段:Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,虽然在纽约他紧咬牙关,语气坚决,但很有可能他不会推行改革。确定A选项‘Bushhadtoofferconcretesuggestionsforreformaspoliticalpressureincrease.随着政治压力的增加,布什不得不提出具体的改革建议。‘错误,排除。根据第三段“wantstodoublethemaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudfromfivetotenyears.希望将金融诈骗罪的最高刑期从5年提高一倍至10年。’’确定B选项’现在的商业欺诈最长的刑期是5年‘正确。C选项根据语义’布什总统公开批判美国企业老板是可笑的‘,可判断表述错误。根据在第三段末尾:PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.民意调查显示,美国人对他们的商界领袖缺乏信心,但政客们似乎并没有因此而受到影响。确定D选项’Americanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessaswellaspoliticalleaders.美国人对他们的企业和政治领袖几乎没有信心。‘错误。

2.由第三段Isthebusinessman’spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot,虽然在纽约他紧咬牙关,语气坚决,但很有可能他不会推行改革。确定A选项‘didn'tintendtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform,布什不打算承担重任,也不打算大力推进改革’正确。

3.根据文章第一段“他趁机利用了美国公司的成功”可排除选项B。根据第三段最后一句PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingshavefallenfromtheirsky-highs,buttheyarestillverystrong.民意调查显示,美国人对他们的商界领袖缺乏信心,但政客们似乎并没有因此而受到影响。布什总统的支持率已经从最高点下降,但是仍然非常强劲。确定C选项‘Mr.Bush’sapprovalratingsarestillhigh.’正确。

4.文章的最后一段讲,随着经济回暖,对改革的呼声会越来越弱。但对美国的资本主义来讲,却错失了个好机会。从中可以看出,作者是很希望改革的,他是赞同改革的。所以A选项正确。

5.文章的最后一句话提到“将会错失绝好的机会”,这个机会指的是前一句提到的‘far-reachingreform’。所以A选项正确。

10.单选题

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Sheisagreatathlete.

B.Sheisafamedspeaker.

C.Sheisafamousscientist.

D.Sheisanotedinventor.

问题2选项

A.Howknowledgeofhumanbiochemistryhasbeenevolving.

B.Hownutritionhelpsathletes’performanceincompetitions.

C.Howscientifictrainingenablesathletestosetnewrecords.

D.Howtechnologyhashelpedathletestoscalenewheights.

问题3选项

A.Ourphysicalstructures.

B.Ourscientificknowledge.

C.Ourbiochemicalprocess.

D.Ourconceptofnutrition.

问题4选项

A.Itmayincreasetheexpensesofsportscompetitions.

B.Itmayleadtoathletes’overrelianceonequipment.

C.Itmaygiveanunfairadvantagetosomeathletes.

D.Itmaychangethenatureofsportscompetitions.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】ConversationOne

M:Tonight,wehaveaveryspecialguest.[1]Mrs.AnnaSanchezisathree-timeOlympicchampionandauthorofthenewbookTotheEdge.Mrs.Sanchez,thankyouforjoiningus.

W:Thankyouforhavingme.

M:Let’sstartwithyourbook.Whatdoesthetitle“TotheEdge”mean?What’reyoureferringto?

W:[2]Thebookisabouthowscienceandtechnologyhashelpedpushhumanstotheedgeoftheirphysicalabilities.Iarguethatinthepast20years,we’vehadthebestathletestheworldhaseverseen.

M:Butisthisafaircomparison?Howdoyouknowhow,say,afootballplayerfrom50yearsagowouldcomparetoonetoday?

W:Well,youareright.Thatcomparisonwouldbeperhapsimpossibletomake.Butthepointismoreaboutourknowledgetodayofhumanbiochemistry,nutrition,andmechanics.[3]Ibelievethatwhileourbodieshavenotchangedinthousandsofyears,whathaschangedisthescientificknowledge.Thishasallowedathletestopushthelimitsofwhatwaspreviouslythoughtpossible.

M:That’sinteresting.Pleasetellusmoreabouttheseperceivedlimits.

W:Theworldisseeingsportsrecordsbeingbrokenthatcouldonlybebrokenwiththeaidoftechnology.Whetherthisbethespeedofatennisserveorthefastesttimeinahundred-meterdashortwo-hundred-meterswimmingrace.

M:[4]Isthereanyconcernthattechnologyisgivingsomeathletesanunfairadvantageoverothers?

W:Thatisaninterestingquestionandonethathastobeconsideredverycarefully.Skis,forexample,wentfrombeingmadeofwoodtoametalalloy,whichallowsforbettercontrolandfasterspeed.There’snostoppingtechnologicalprogress.But,asIsaid,eachsituationshouldbeconsideredcarefullyonacase-by-casebasis.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutAnnaSanchez?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于女士,我们可以了解到什么?对话开头男士提到今天的嘉宾AnnaSanchez是三届奥运会冠军(athree-timeOlympicchampion),因此A选项“她是名出色的运动员”正确。B选项“她是一位著名的演说家”和D选项“她是一位著名的发明家”在录音中没有信息提及;C选项“她是一位著名的科学家”,主要是利用录音中提到的science和scientific设干扰,录音中女士虽然提及科学,但这是为了说明科技对体育的影响,并不是说明女士的身份,因此不正确。

2.Whatisthewoman’sbookmainlyabout?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问女士的书主要讲什么?女士说这本书是关于科学和技术如何促使人类达到身体能力的极限。D选项“技术如何帮助运动员达到新的高度”与录音原文表述一致,因此正确。A选项“人类生物化学知识是如何进化的”和B选项“营养如何帮助运动员在比赛中的表现”虽然在录音中有所提及,但不是这本书的主要内容,因此均可排除;C选项“科学的训练如何使运动员创造新的纪录”,录音中并没有提到training(训练),因此C选项也可排除。

3.Whathaschangedinthepastthousandsofyears?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问在过去的几千年里发生了什么变化。女士提到,虽然人类的身体几千年来都没有改变,但改变的是科学知识(scientificknowledge),因此B选项“我们的科学知识”正确。A选项“我们的身体结构”,录音中明确提及人类身体是没有发生改变的,因此排除A选项;C选项“我们的生化过程”和D选项“我们的营养观念”,录音中提及的是:如今关于人类生化学、营养学和力学的知识已发生变化。变化的是知识,并不是过程和观念,因此均不正确。

4.Whatistheman’sconcernabouttheuseoftechnologyinsportscompetitions?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问的是关于在体育比赛中科技的运用,男士担心什么?录音最后,男士问是否有人担心科技会给一些运动员带来对其他运动员来说不公平的优势(anunfairadvantageoverothers),C选项“它可能给一些运动员不公平的优势”与原文表述一致,因此正确。A选项“可能增加体育比赛的费用”;B选项“可能导致运动员对设备的过度依赖”和D选项“可能会改变体育比赛的性质”在录音中均未提及,因此排除。

11.单选题

Theconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisanimportantone.Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalheathchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedialknowledge.Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestrictedwhenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.ThestructureofAmericansocietyallowsustomakealmostallourownpersonaldecisionsthatmayconcernourhealth.Ifwesodesire,wecansmoke,drinkexcessively,refusetowearseatbelts,eatwhateverfoodswewant,andliveacompletelysedentarylife-stylewithoutanyexercise.Thefreedomtomakesuchpersonaldecisionsisafundamentalaspectofoursociety,althoughthewisdomofthesedecisionscanbequestioned.Personalchoicesrelativetohealthoftencauseadifficulty.Asoneexample,ateenagermayknowthefactsrelativetosmokingcigarettesandhealthbutmaybepressuredbyfriendsintobelievingitisthesociallyacceptedthingtodo.

Amultitudeoffactors,bothinheritedandenvironmental,influencethedevelopmentofhealth-relatedbehaviors,anditisbeyondthescopeofthistexttodiscussallthesefactorsastheymayaffectanygivenindividual.However,thedecisiontoadoptaparticularhealth-relatedbehaviorisusuallyoneofpersonalchoices.Therearehealthychoicesandthereareunhealthychoices.Indiscussingthemoralsofpersonalchoice,FriesandCrapodrewacomparison.Theysuggestthattoknowinglygiveoneselfovertoabehaviorthathasastatisticalprobabilityofshorteninglifeissimilartoattemptingsuicide.Thus,forthoseindividualswhoareinterestedinpreservingboththequalityandquantityoflife,personalheathchoicesshouldreflectthosebehaviorsthatareassociatedwithastatisticalprobabilityofincreasedvitalityandlongevity.

1.Theconceptofpersonalchoiceconcerninghealthisimportantbecause().

2.To“liveacompletelysedentarylife-style”(Para.1)mostprobablymeans().

3.Soundpersonalhealthchoiceisoftendifficulttomakebecause().

4.ToknowinglyallowoneselftopursueunhealthyhabitsiscomparedbyFriesandCrapoto().

5.AccordingtoFriesandCraposoundhealthchoiceshouldbebasedon().

问题1选项

A.personalheathchoiceshelpcuremostillnesses

B.ithelpsraisethelevelofourmedicalknowledge

C.itisessentialtopersonalfreedominAmericansociety

D.wrongdecisionscouldleadtopoorhealth

问题2选项

A.to“liveaninactivelife”

B.to“liveadecentlife”

C.to“livealifewithcompletefreedom”

D.to“livealifeofvice”

问题3选项

A.currentmedicalknowledgeisstillinsufficient

B.therearemanyfactorsinfluencingourdecisions

C.fewpeoplearewillingtotradethequalityoflifeforthequantityoflife

D.peopleareusuallyinfluencedbythebehavioroftheirfriends

问题4选项

A.improvingthequalityofone’slife

B.limitingone’spersonalhealthchoice

C.deliberatelyendingone’slife

D.breakingtherulesofsocialbehavior

问题5选项

A.personaldecisions

B.society’slaws

C.statisticalevidence

D.friends’opinions

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干关键词“personalchoice”可以定位到文章第一段第二句Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalheathchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedialknowledge.(如果个人根据目前的医学知识做出正确的个人健康选择,估计90%的疾病是可以预防的。),也就是说不正确的个人健康选择可能会导致疾病的发生。所以D选项“错误的决定可能会导致健康状况不佳”正确。A选项“个人健康选择有助于治疗大多数疾病”,文章说的是预防大多数疾病,而不是治疗,所以A错误。B选项“有助于提高我们的医学知识水平”,文章说的是只需根据现有的医学知识做出个人健康选择,而这样不会提高医学知识水平,所以B错误。C选项“对美国社会的个人自由至关重要”表述正确,但与题目的问题不相关,所以C错误。

2.词义推测题。由题干关键词“sedentarylife-style”可以定位到文章第一段第五句Ifwesodesire,wecansmoke,drinkexcessively,refusetowearseatbelts,eatwhateverfoodswewant,andliveacompletelysedentarylife-stylewithoutanyexercise.(如果我们愿意,我们可以抽烟、酗酒、拒绝系安全带、想吃什么就吃什么,过一种完全久坐不运动的生活方式。),可以得知这种生活方式是久坐不运动的。所以A选项“过着不活动的生活”符合题意。B选项“过着体面的生活”,C选项“过着完全自由的生活”和D选项“过着罪恶的生活”均不能形容久坐不运动的生活方式,所B,C,D错误。

3.客观细节题。由A选项可以定位到文章第一段第二句Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalheathchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedialknowledge.(如果个人根据目前的医学知识做出正确的个人健康选择,估计90%的疾病是可以预防的。),说明现有的医学知识是足够的,所以A选项“现有的医学知识仍然不足”错误。C选项“很少有人愿意用生命的质量来换取生命的数量”在原文中没有提及,所以C选项不符合题意。由D选项可以定位到第一段最后一句Asoneexample,ateenagermayknowthefactsrelativetosmokingcigarettesandhealthbutmaybepressuredbyfriendsintobelievingitisthesociallyacceptedthingtodo.(例如,青少年可能知道吸烟和健康的相关事实,但可能会迫于朋友的压力,相信这是社会公认

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