系统解剖学PPT课件-颅骨

TheSkull王配军医学生学习网课件组

11.掌握颅的组成，脑颅、面颅的划分。2.掌握颅底内面观的主要结构。3.掌握眶、骨性鼻腔的形态特征。骨性鼻旁窦的名称、位置及开口。4.掌握颅骨的常用骨性标志：眉弓、颧弓、下颌角、舌骨、乳突、枕外隆突。5.了解新生儿颅骨的特征及生后变化。目的要求2系统解剖学的课程要求和学习方法

课程要求

（1）掌握人体解剖学的基本内容和基本技能，掌握常用英文解剖学词汇，正确认识各器官、结构的正常位置与形态，并能正确应用解剖学术语描述。（2）培养自学能力、观察能力、表达能力以及分析问题和解决问题的能力。

3学习方法（1）树立正确的学习目的和态度。（2）勤于思考，善于联系，发现规律。（3）形态与功能结合。（4）局部与整体结合。（5）理论与实际结合。如何学习？如何记忆？学科特点？4运动系统5TheskullTheskullcontains23bones.Theskullisdividedintotwoparts:cranialskullandfacialskull.67(一）Thecranial

skull

Thecerebralcraniumconsistsofeightcranialbones.

onefrontaloneethmoidonesphenoidoneoccipitaltwoparietaltwotemporal

8

maxillapalatinepairedzygomaticbonesnasallacrimalbones

inferiornasalconchaevomerUnpairedmandibleboneshyoid(二）Thefacialskull

Thefacialcraniumarefifteeninnumber.91.Themandible

2.Thehyoidangleofmandible10(三）Thewhole

viewoftheskull

1.Thesuperioraspectoftheskull

coronalsuturesagittalsuturelambdoidsuture

2.Theposterioraspectoftheskull

externaloccipitalprotuberance

superiornuchalline11

3.TheinternalsurfaceofthebaseofskullItisdividedintothreefossa.Thesearetheanterior,themiddleandtheposteriorcranialfossa.12frontalcrestforamencecumcristagallicribriformplatcribriformforamina

(1)The

anteriorcranialfossa13

hypophysialfossa

opticcanalanteriorclinoidprocessdorsumsellaeposteriorclinoidprocess

superiororbitalfissure

foramenlacerumforamenrotundumforamenovaleforamenspinosum

sulcusformiddlemeningealartery(2)The

middlecranialfossa14

foramenmagnum

hypoglossalcanalinternaloccipitalprotuberancesulcusforsuperiorsagittalsinussulcusfortransversesinussulcusforsigmoidsinusjugularforameninternalacousticpore

(3)The

posteriorcranialfossa15

4.Theexternalsurfaceofthebaseofskullalveolararchincisiveforaminagreaterpalatine

posteriornasalapertures

occipitalcondylehypoglossalcanaljugularforamenstyloidprocessstylomastoidforamen

16

5.Thelateralviewofskull

externalacousticpore

mastoid

processzygomaticarch

temporalfossa

infratemporalfossa

pterion

pterygopalatinefossa17硬膜外出血翼点18

6.Thefrontviewofskull

(2)theorbits

①orbitalopeningsupraorbitalforamen(notch)②orbitalapex:opticcanal③superiorwall:lacrimalfossa④

medialwall:lacrimalsacfossa,nasolacrimalcanal(1)theforehead

superciliaryarch⑤inferiorwall:inferiororbitalfissure,inferiororbitalforamen⑥lateralwall:superiororbitalfissure19

nasalseptemsuperiormiddleconchaeinferiorsuperiormiddlemeatusinferior

sphenoethmoidalrecess(3)thebonynasalcavity20

(4)theparanasalsinuses

①thefrontalsinuses