2020届山东省青岛市高考英语一模试题

第第页（共10页）!!!!humansenseof："Oh,look,there'sthesea-andtheshouldersdrop.Whyarebluespaceslesspopularthangreenspaces?Becausegreenspacesaregoodtopeople'shealth.Becauselittleresearchhasbeendoneonbluespaces.Becausegreenspaceshavemorebenefitsthanbluespaces.Becausethebenefitsofgreenspacesarebetteradvertised.WhereisbluespacesuperiortoothernaturalenvironmentsaccordingtoWhite?Wherethere'swater,there'sfreshair.Peoplelivingnearwaterarehealthier.Watercanhelppeoplerestorementalhealth.Theseacanmakepeoplelostindeepthought.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?Theseawillbringyouloneliness.Theseawillhurtyourshoulder.Theseawillputyouatease.Theseawillmakeyoufeeldown.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?Peopleincitiesprefergreenspaces.Bluespaceshelpbothphysicallyandmentally.Greenspaceshavebeenoutofdate.Waystokeepushealthy.(10分)KevinRandall,ateacher,whoteachesbiologyatGrandvilleHighSchool,runstheenvironmentalclubatthehighschool,whichhasaround2,000students.TheclubisknownastheGHSGreenTeam,anditaimstoraiseawarenessamongstudentsandteachersaboutsustainability(持续性).Italsoworksonprojectstoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintofthebuildingitself.Oneoftheclub'srecentprojectsfocusedonreducingwasteintheschoolcafeteria.Randallsaidtheircafeteriasupervisortoldthemthattheschoolwentthrough54,000plasticforkseveryyear.Theclubappliedforafinancialhelp,builtrecyclingcentersforthecafeteria,andpurchasedmetalsilverware.Andnoweverystudentusesadurablemetalforkoraspooninsteadofdisposables（一次性用品）,"andthat'sjustonewaywe'retryingtocapturethelow-hangingfruit,ifyouwill,"Randallsaid．TheeffortsofRandallandhisstudentshaveearnedGrandvilleHighSchooltheMichiganGreenSchoolcertificationfromthestate．Inadditiontotheirworkreducingwasteinthecafeteria,theGHSGreenTeamhasalsobuiltagardenwithflowersandvegetablesoncampus,andleadscleanupsonsiteandoutinthecommunity．Overtheyears,Randallandhisstudentshavealsobeenworkingonraisingmoneytoinstallsolarpanels（太阳能板）ontheroofofthehighschool.Randallsaidhewasmotivatedtotaketheleadonenvironmentalissuesforhisschoolbecausehewantedhisstudentstohavesomeonetoturntointhebuildingwhounderstandswhat'satstake（利害攸关）whenitcomestoclimatechange."AndIalsofeltlikeIneededtodomoreinmylifeformyowntwochildrenathome,"Randalladded,"Theyneedtoknowthattheirdadisworkingashardashecantoreducetheeffectsofclimatechange,andtospreadtheword,andtomakesurethatotherstudentsouttherearelearningaboutthisjustthewaytheyareathome."（1）WhatisthepurposeoftheGHSGreenTeamclub?Toinspirestudents'loveforbiology.Tofinishtheprojectsassignedbyschool.Topreparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs.Topromoteenvironmentalprotection.（2）What'stheresultoftheprojectonschoolcafeteria?Ithaschangedtheoutlookofthecafeteria.Studentscanhavemorefruitsinthecafeteria.Plasticforksarenolongerusedinthecafeteria.Theschoolhasbecomefamousnationwide.（3）What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?Theclassificationoftheprojects.Thecharacteristicsoftheclub.Theactivitiesorganizedbytheclub.D．Thefutureoftheclub．（4）WhatwasRandall'saimbydoingtheworkonenvironmentalissues?A．Toeducatetheyoung．B．Togetmaterialrewards．C．Toamusehischildren．D．Tomakehimselffamous．（10分）Hybridcarsarecarsthatrunonbothpetrolandelectricity.Theyhaveasmallstandardpetrolengineandabatteryandelectricmotortoprovideelectricpower．Therearesomedifferencesbetweendifferentmodelsofhybridcars，butthegeneralprincipleisthatthecarrunsonpetrol，andtheelectricmotorkicksinwhenadditionalpowerisrequired，forexamplewhengoinguphilloraccelerating.Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhennotneeded，forexamplewhenthecarhasstoppedattrafficlights，keepingonlytheelectricenginerunning.Conventionalcarshavelargeenginestocopewithdrivinguphillandaccelerating.Mostofthetime，thishighenginecapacityisnotneeded，buttheenginecontinuesburningupfuel.Hybridcarshavemuchsmallerpetrolengines，boostedbyelectricmotorswhenneeded，sotheyuselesspetrol.Hybridcarsarealsolighterandaerodynamically（空气动力学的）designedforgreaterfuelefficiency.Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasystemof"regenerativebrakin（g刹车）".Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar，ratherthanconventionalbrakes.Theenergyproducedbytheslowingcaristransformedintoelectricalpower，whichisautomaticallystoredinthebattery.Ineffect，thebatteryrechargeswhenyoubrake.Inconventionalcarstheenergyproducedwhenbrakingiswasted.Carmanufacturersandengineershavebeenexperimentingwithelectricandhybridcarssincethelate19thcentury.In1928FerdinandPorschebuiltanexperimentalhybridcarthatusedbothaninternalburningengineandelectricmotors.Thefirstmass-producedhybridcar,theToyotaPrius,cameoutinJapanattheendof1997.However，HybridcarsbecameavailableintheUSAonlyin1999,whentheHondaInsightwentonsale.Astheyuselessfuel,hybridcarsarecheapertorun.Therearealsomanyinitiativesinplacetoencouragepeopletobuythem.Insomecountries,hybridcarownerspayalowerrateoftax,and第5页（共10页）don'thavetopayoncertaintollroads(收费公路).Insomecitiesaroundtheworld,hybridcarsareallowedtoparkforfree．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．Hybridcarsdon'tneedpetrolanymore．B．Petrolengineandelectricmotorworkalltheway．C．Hybridcarsmainlydependonelectricpowertorun．D．Somehybridcarpetrolengineswillquitwhenunnecessary．WhichisNOTthereasonwhyhybridcarsconsumelessenergy?A．Smallerpetrolengines．B．Scientificdesign．C．Conventionalbrakes．D．Energystorage．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Hybridcarsarecheapertobuy．B．Hybridcarownersdon'thavetopaytax．C．Hybridcarownersdon'tneedtopayparkingfee．D．Hybridcarswillhaveabrightfuture．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toadvertisehybridcars．B．Tointroducehybridcars．C．Tocompareconventionalcarsandhybridcars．D．Toinformthedevelopmentofhybridcars．第二节(共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．(12.5分)Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.(1)Solet'stryasimplethoughtexperiment．Imaginethatyoucameintopossessionofamagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob．(2)Maybeyou'dpickupahobby,orhavemorechildren,orlearntorelaxandenjoyyourselfintheadditionalleisure．ButwhatifItoldyouthatyouwouldn'tdoanyofthosethings：第6页(共10页)Youwouldjustworktheexactsameamountoftimeasbefore．（3）Buttherearesimplereasonsforthis.Bettertechnologymeanshigherexpectations-andhigherexpectationscreatemorework.Formostofhistory，humanswereforcedtosufferfromtheirowndirtyandunpleasantsubstances.Mostfamilies'clotheswerewashedtwiceayear.Thefleetofhouseworktechnologiesthatcameintotheworldsuddenlybetweenthelate-19thandmid-20thcenturycreatednewnorms（标准）ofcleanliness-forourfloors，ourclothes，ourselves.（4）Automaticwashersanddryersraisedourexpectationsforcleanclothesandencouragedpeopletogooutandbuynewshirtsandpants；housewivesthereforehadmoreloadsoflaundrytowash，dry，andfold.Inshort，technologymadeitmucheasiertocleanahouseto1890sstandards.（5）Theywantedamodernhome-withdustlesswindowsill（s窗台）andshinyfloors-andthisdustlessshinyrequireda40-to-50-hourworkweek，evenwiththeassistanceofmoderntools.Youarewastingyourtime.Thismightseemimpossible.Newnormsmeantmorework.Whatwouldyoudowiththeextratime？Thatmeansyoucanhavemoretimetorelax.Everybodyisbusy，burnedout，overloaded.Butbymid-century，Americansdidn'twantthatoldhouse.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节：完形填空（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.（15分）Thevictimswerecarriedinonebyone，theirpawsandfurburned，sufferingfromdehydration（脱水）andfear.Theircaretakers（1）theirwounds,and（2）.theminbasketswiththeonlythingthatwas（3）theleavesofeucalyptus（桉树）tree.Asmiserablefireshave.（4）morethan2millionacresinAustralia,onlydozensofkoalashavebeen（5）fromthesmokytreesand（6）ground.Koalas,unlikekangaroos,birdsorsnakes,donot（7）.fromfiresbutinsteadclimb第7页（共10页）treestothetop,wheretheycancurlthemselvesintoaballfor(8)andwaitforthedangerto(9).Butduringbigfires,suchasthosethathaveburnedinrecentweeks,theanimalsarefarlesslikelyto(10)Evenifthefireitselfdoesnotreachthetree(11),theanimalsmayoverheatandfalltotheground,wheretheycanbeburnedtodeath．Thetoughsituationofthekoalahasraised(12)amongscientistsandconservationists(环保主义者).Whilekoalashavedevelopedtoexistalongsidethewildfires,theyarefacingnew(13),notjustfromclimatechangebutalsofromhumandevelopment,whichhasdislocatedKoalas'populations,(14)theirabilitytosurvivefires.Wehavethese(15)animalsnotfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet,andwearekillingthem.Thisisabigwake-upcall.1)A.touchedB.treatedC.ignoredD.discovered2)A.threwB.lockedC.laidD.forced3)A.familiarB.plentifulC.beautifulD.expensive4)A.reachedB.leftC.burnedD.trapped5)A.killedB.recognizedC.hurtD.rescued6)A.flatB.blackC.broadD.safe7)A.escapeB.dieC.sufferD.rise8)A.balanceB.protectionC.challengeD.comfort9)A.attackB.comeC.passD.avoid10)A.jumpB.climbC.fallD.survive11)A.topB.leavesC.trunkD.root12)A.passionB.concernC.fearD.interest13)A.chancesB.choicesC.neighborsD.threats14)A.weakeningB.developingC.enrichingD.ensuring15)A.lonelyB.stupidC.lazyD.unique第二节：（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单

第8页（共10页）词或括号内单词的正确形式．(15分)About1.4billionpeoplearoundtheworlddonotgetenoughphysicalexercise.Thisnumbercomes(1)theUnitedNations'WorldHealthOrganization(WHO).AnewWHOreportwarnsthatalackofexercise(2)(great)increasestheriskofhealthproblems.TheWHOsaysthenewstudyisthefirst(3)(estimate)physicalactivitytrendsaroundtheworldovertime．Thereportsaidthelevelsofphysicalinactivityaremorethantwotimesashighin(4)(wealth)countriesastheyareincountrieswherepeopleearnlowwages．Inrichercountries，peoplearemorelikelytospendtime(5)(sit)inoffices.Howmuchactivityshouldweget？Tostayhealthy,thereport(6)(suggest)thatpeopledoatleast150minutesofmoderate(适中的)physicalactivityor75minutesofintensephysicalactivityeveryweek.Ifyouworkinahigh-riseofficebuilding,takethestairsinsteadofanelevator.Takemore(7)(break)duringtheworkdayandmovearound.Ifyourworkplaceoffers(8)gym,makesuretouseit.Italsourgesgovernmentstoprovideandcareforinfrastructure(基础设施)，suchasbetterand(9)(safe)roads.Thiswouldhelpsupportincreasedwalking(10)cyclingfortransportation,aswellassportsandphysicalrecreation．第三部分写作(共两节,满分15分)第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)(15分)假定你是李华，你校近期成立了"孔子思想研究"网上俱乐部(Confucianismonline

club).你的朋友Tom对中国文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他加入该俱乐部.1．词数80字左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．第二节：读后续写(满分25分)9．(25分)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事．Onespringmorningmanyyearsago，IhadbeenprospectingforgoldalongCohoCreek．AsIemergedfromaforest,Ifrozeinmytracks.Nomorethan20pacesawayinthebog(泥塘)wasahugeAlaskantimberwolf-caughtinoneofTrapperGeorge'straps．OldGeorgehaddiedthepreviousweekofaheartattack，sothewolfwaslucky．Confusedandfrightenedatmyapproach，thewolfbackedaway，pullinghardonthetrapchain．ThenInoticedsomethingelse：Itwasafemale,andherteats(奶头)werefullofmilk.Somewheretherewa