Unit 5 Revealing nature学案-外研版高中英语选择修必修第一册

Unit5RevealingnaturePeriod1StartingOut&Understandingideas知识体系图解重点词汇1.seedn.种子，籽2.distantadj.遥远的3.samplen.样本4.suspectv.猜想，怀疑，觉得5.ancestorn.(动物的)原种，祖先6.generatev.产生，创造重点短语1.answerthecall响应号召2.beadisgrace是耻辱，是丢脸的事3.datebackto追溯到4.what’smore此外，还……5.leadto通向，导致，带到……6.ofalltime有史以来7.inquestion被提及的；讨论中的；相关的8.becrowdedwith充满，满是9.cometoexist开始存在10.beregardedas被认为是句型judge+宾语+宾补as引导时间状语从句not...until…sth.is+adj.+todo…sb.wassaidtohavedonesth.Ithasbeenknownforsometimethat…sothat引导目的状语从句现在分词短语作方式状语Period2Usinglanguage过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。|-------------------------------|----------------|--------------------|过去完成过去现在将来构成：had+过去分词1.基本用法：(1)过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。常与时间状语“by+表示过去的时间”，“before”等引导的短语或从句连用。Whentheexplorerhurriedtothedestination,theothershadalreadyleft.当这名探险家匆忙赶到目的地的时候，其他人已经离开了。Thecaptainhadcheckedalltheequipmentbeforetheshipsetsail.在轮船启航前，船长已经检查了所有的设备。(2)用于宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句中。表示主句和从句发生的动作有先后关系，动作发生在前的，用过去完成时，动作发生在后的，用一般过去时。（过去动作先于主句动作发生的）HetoldmehehadwatchedthesunriseatthetopofMountTai.他告诉我他已经在泰山顶上看过日出了。Thewomansaidshehadnotonlylost125pounds,butalsoraised$25,000forhomelesschildren.这位女士说她不但已经减了125磅，还为无家可归的孩子们筹集了25，000美元。Mr.Whitehadworkedinourschoolfornearlyfortyyearsbeforeheretiredlastmonth.Mr.White上个月退休了，他之前在我们学校工作了将近40年。(3)表示在过去某一时刻之前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻的动作或状态，尝和for,since引导的时间状语连用。Hetoldusthathaddonethescientificresearchforfiveyears.他告诉我们他做科研工作已经五年了。Hesaidhehadmadegreatprogresssincehecamehere.他说自从他来这里之后已经取得了很大的进步。(4)表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图，常用动词有hope,expect,suppose,think,want,intend,mean,plan等。Ihadhopedthatwewoulddobetterthistime,butwefailedagain.我本希望这次我们能做得好一点，但我们又失败了。Ihadneverthoughtthatyouwerecontenttohelpme.我从未想过你愿意帮我。2.用于过去完成时得常用句式(1)表示“一……就……”的“hardly/scarcely……when……”和“nosooner…than…”等句式中，主句常用过去完成时。Nosoonerhadthegamestartedthanitbegantorainheavily.比赛一开始，天就下起了大雨。Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。(2)“It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/…timethat…”，“Itwas+一段时间+since从句”等句型中，that从句用过去完成时。Itwasthefirsttimethathehadorganizedsuchanadventuretrip.这是他第一次组织这样的冒险旅行。Itwasfivemonthssincehehadreturned.他回来已经5个月了。[误区警示]在含有after或before引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，由于主句和从句的动作先后关系明显，所以可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。Afterheleft(=hadleft)theclassroom,theteachercamein.他离开教室后，老师进来了。Thetrainleft(=hadleft)beforehegotthere.他还没到那里，火车就开走了。2.现在完成时于过去完成时的用法比较过去完成时现在完成时--------------------------------|----------------------------------|-------------->过去现在时态用法例句现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常用来表示与现在仍有联系的过去的事或物。Hehasreceivedpunishmentasaresultoftellingalie.他因为撒谎已经受到了惩罚。Hiscominghasdisturbedmyschedule.他的到来打乱了我的计划。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，即表示在过去某一时间或动作之前完成的动作，是以过去某一时间为基准的。Hehadknownthecustomsandlivinghabitsofthelocalpeopleinadvancebeforehecamehere.他在来这儿之前已经事先了解了当地的风俗和人们的生活习惯。Hegothomeandsuddenlyrealizedhehadlefthisclothingandkeysinthecar.他回到家，突然意识到他把衣服和钥匙落在车上了。Period3Developingideas&Presentingideas语言知识：link,detect,root,tinyamountsof,drive…away,it+某些特殊动词或动词短语+that从句，现在分词短语作伴随状语等。现在分词短语作伴随状语的条件是：①由一个主语发出两个动作；②或同一个主语处于两种状态；③或同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态。现在分词短语作伴随状语时，其逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全局的主语，伴随状语所表示的动作与逻辑主语之间为主动关系。Hesaiditangrilypointingatthenoticeonthewall.他指着墙上的通知生气地说。（point与said同时进行，pointing…为现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示主动和正在进行）Manypeoplestayupallnight,playingallkindsofgames.许多人一整晚熬夜不睡，玩各种各样的游戏。（stayup和play同时进行，并且都由主语Manypeople发出）。Period4Writing观察描述类作文1.文体介绍观察描述类作文就是把观察到的物按照时间或空间顺序描述出来。写作时要求内容真实，所见所闻要贴近自己的生活。写作前要细致观察，这样在叙述时才能具体，内容应包括外形、色彩、特点、动作等。写作时要突出中心，围绕一个内容、一种情景、一点感受进行写作，必要时结合自已的感受进行合理的想象，要有详有略、想象合理,写出新鲜感。2.写作要点(1)考虑好描写的视角和次序。视角就是我们通常所讲的人称,观察描述类作文用第一和第三人称都可以，但目的内容和效果不同。描写次序是指先写什么后写什么的问题。一般来讲，观察描述类作文或是按空间顺序描写，或是按时间顺序描写。比如要描写植物生长的过程可按时间顺序，而描述一个房间时则需要按空间顺序。(2)写作时要选择重点部位或内容来写。无论描写什么都不可能面面俱到，要选择最能体现事物特征的一两点进行详细描述，比如植物的生长有一些关键期，如种子发芽、长出茎、长出第一片叶子等，这此都是最好记录下来的。(3)把描写和叙述结合起来。在写作中，描写通常需要与其他表达方式结合起来，尤其是常与叙述结合在一起。一般来说，描写是具体细致地描述客观事物，叙述是概括地描述事件的过程。3.常用表达You'hesunlight.你最好把..放在阳光下。It'sbetterforyoutowater...everyday.你最好每天都给...浇水。Ifyoutakecareof…cangrowbetterandbetter.如果你照顾好........长得越来越好。Itcomesinavarietyofcolors/shapes.它有各种各样的颜色/形状。Itconsistsofseveralintegratedparts.它由几个互相关联的部分组成。Itisshapedlikeacircle.它的形状像个圆。Itisflatinshapeandsmallinsize.它形状扁平,体积小。Attachedtothebottomis.....与底部相连的是…...Unit5RevealingnatureSetOneVocabularyandReadingI.单词拼写1.Hiscriticismplantedthe_______________(种子，萌芽)ofdoubtsinmymind.2.Herperformanceinthetournamenthasbrought______________(丢脸，耻辱)onherteam.3.Thethreespecies_______________(进化)fromasingleancestor.4.Ourdailylivesarerarelysimilartothoseofour_______________(祖先).5.Someanimalspossessthe_______________(特性，特征)ofmanduetotheirevolution.6.Thepolicyispartly_______________(责怪，指责；把…归咎于)forcausingtheworstoutcome.7.Theconditionsinthecampwererather_________________(原始的，低等的),whichupsether.8.Thecontestwillbebroadcasttoa_______________(巨大的，特大的)TVscreenamileaway.9.The______________(嫌疑犯)wasarrestedunawares,withoutthechancetodisposeoftheevidence.10.Hisbookshavesoldmorethan20millioncopies________________(遍及全世界).11.Thisisthemost_______________(令人信服的)evidencethatIcanfindtoprovemypoint.12.Thepanda’snatural____________(栖息地)isthebambooforest.13.WhentheygottoBeijing,theyputdown___________(根)andbuiltalife.14.AsurveyoftheBritishdiethas_____________(显示)thatagrowingnumberofpeopleoverweight.15.Themountainsrolledawaytoa_____________(遥远的)horizon.II.短语填空theanswerto,answerthecall,leadto,becrowdedwith,adaptto,beadisgrace,datebackto,accordingto,inquestion,cometoexist,ofalltime,onearth,firstchoice,avarietyof,upto,carryout,betoblamefor,bycontrast,inparticular,benativeto,behometo,beharmfulto,becharacteristicof,indecline1.Myfamilyhasamanuscript,whichissaidto________________________theMingDynasty.2.Youareexpectedto____________________withimmediateactionsassoonasyouareinformed.3.Whatwenton___________________________tothecompany.4.Hisnamewillliveinhistoryasoneofthegreatestwarriors__________________________.5.Thearticle____________________________usesavividexample.6.Thedoortohishouseusedto__________________________visitorsatdawn.7.Certainformsofknowledge__________________________incertainplaces.8.Hehastriedto_________________________localcustomswhicharedistinctfromhisnation’s.9.Basedontheirresearch,theexpertssuggestthatfarmersplant_________________cropsandnotjustdependonricewhenfacedwiththedeclineinproduction.10.Themotionoftheboatwillcreateastrongwind____________________mydata.11.Windmills___________________theislandlandscape,whichmakeitafarcryfromtheneighboringislands.12.Nowadaysit’sfearedthatthetraditionalfestivalsare___________________intheethnicgroup.13.Itistheythatshould___________________theirstupidmistake,whichwasdisgracetotheirteam.14.Thepolicehaven’treallydoneanythingyet___________________aboutthecybercrime.15.Heclaimssomeofthetelevisionadvertisements______________________children.III.翻译句子1.雇主拒绝了这个主意，因为他认为局势太危险。（judge+宾语+宾语补足语）_______________________________________________________________________________2.尽管任务很难，我还是在截止时间前完成了。(as引导让步状语从句)_______________________________________________________________________________3.你叔叔似乎病得很严重。(Itseemsthat…)_______________________________________________________________________________4.今年来人们已经知道我们得睡眠时间已经减少。(Ithasbeenknownthat…)_______________________________________________________________________________5.请用另一种方式回答这个问题。（现在分词短语作方式状语）_______________________________________________________________________________IV.单句语法填空1.V.七选五ApologizingtheRightWaytoaFriendWhyareapologiessodifficult?Sayingyouaresorrycanbethemostdifficultthingyoudo.Butweallmakemistakes,soyou’llprobablyhaveanoccasionwhenyouneedtoapologize.Perhapsyouhadblewupatsomeoneandrealizedlateryoureactedpoorly.1.Whateverthereason,apologizingcanhelpyoubothhealandmoveonfromthesituation.2.First,youacknowledgethatyoudidsomethingwrong.Withanapology,youtakeresponsibilityforyouractions,whichallowsyourfriendtoforgiveyou.Second,anapologygivesyousincerityasafriend.3,butthatdoesn’tmeanwestillshouldn’tapologize.Now,whatareelementsofaproperapology?4,dependingonwhattheoffensewas,whereitwasdone,andwhoyouareapologizingto.Ingeneral,agoodapologyshouldincludethefollowing:arequestfortheirattention,anacknowledgmentofwhathappened,sincerityinadmittingyoudidsomethingwrongandthewords“I’msorry”or“Iapologize”．Herearethingsnevertosaywhenapologizing.Notethattheartofapologizinginvolvestakingresponsibility.Neverapologizeasawayto“shutsomeoneup”whentheyaresayingyouhurttheirfeelingsandyoudon’tthinkyoudid.5,youshouldtalkthingsthroughwithyourfriendsuntilyouseewhytheyarehurtorhowyoucameacross.You’llreallyneedtoself­reflectsoyoucanseethingsfromyourfriend’spointofview.A．WhenyoumakeyourapologyinpersonB．IfyoureallybelieveyoudidnothingwrongC．ApologiesbenefitfriendshipsinavarietyofwaysD．ThewayyouapologizeisgoingtobeslightlydifferentE．Ormaybeyoujustdidn’tshowsupportwhenyouneededtoF．Apologizingtherightway,however,maytakealittlepracticeG．SometimesourpalsforgiveuseasilyfortheminorthingswedowrongSetTwo:GrammarandfunctionI.单句语法填空1.II.完形填空Myprevioushomehadastandofwoodsbehinditandmanyanimalsinthebackyard.Thatfirstyear,I1feedingpeanutstothebluejays,thenthesquirrels.Thesquirrelshadno2cominguprighttomeforthem.Asthemonthswentby,therabbitssawthatIwasno3anddidn’tescape.WhenIthrewcarrotslices(薄片)，theyevencameforanibble(啃).Slowlytheycameto4me,andbytheendoftheyeartheywereeatingoutofmyhand.Thatsecondyear,therabbits5me,andonewouldevensitupforslices!WhileIwasfeedingthem,I6thatagroundhogwhousedtorunawaywasnowtalkingan7interestinthisfoodsituation.Icarefullyextendedalong8,withakeeneyeonthoseteeth,and9,thereweretimesIwouldhavethegroundhogsittingnexttoarabbit,bothmunching(津津有味的咀嚼)Oncarrots.Afewmonthslater,while10,shewouldeventurnherbacktome.11Whenshewasfacingaway,Ireachedoutand12scratched（搔）herbackwithmyfinger,Shedidn’tmove.Byyearthree,therabbitsandthegroundhogwereback.Thegroundhog13didn’thaveaproblemwithmescratchingherback,andIgotanidea,I’dalways14,whileslicingupcarrots,thattheendlookedlikeacap.15oneday,justtoseewhatshewoulddo,Igently16oneontopofthegroundhog’shead.Again,nota17.Thenexttime,Ihadmycamerareadytorecordwhatyouseehere,oneofseveraldozensuchpictures,18shehadaslicetoeat,shenever19theoneofherhead.Itwasaf