基层作业队常用安全操作规程

精品文档精心整理PAGE精品文档可编辑的精品文档精品文档精心整理精品文档可编辑的精品文档基层作业队常用安全操作规程目录：1、基层作业队常用安全操作规程2、机械加工作业人员通用安全技术操作规程长城钻探第一国际钻井分公司基层作业队常用安全操作规程二零零八年四月二十一日Contents目录PickingUpandLayingDownSingleJoints（SinglingIn/SinglingOut）（吊拉和甩下钻杆单根的安全操作规程） 1RunningInandLayingDownDrillCollars（吊拉和甩下钻铤单根的安全操作规程） 4Make-UpandBreak-OutProceduresUsingRigTongs（使用吊钳进行钻具上扣和卸扣的安全操作规程） 11SafetyWhileMakingUpandBreakingOutBottomHoleAssembliesandBits（连接和卸开下部钻具组合及钻头的安全操作规程） 15MakingConnectionsWhileDrilling（钻进时接单根的安全操作规程） 19WorkingintheDerrickandOverheadOperations（井架工作业和高空作业的安全操作规程） 24Tripping（起下钻的安全操作规程） 28RunningSurveyToolwithRigWirelineUnit（使用测斜绞车下入测斜工具的安全操作规程） 38OperationswithTopDriveSystems（顶驱的安全操作规程） 41OperatingtheEddyCurrentBrake（电磁涡流辅助刹车的安全操作规程） 47SlippingandCuttingDrillingLine（钻井大绳滑割程序） 50ConductingLeak-OffTest（地层漏失试验的安全操作规程） 54SlowCirculatingRate–SCR（alsoSlowPumpRate-SPR）（低泵速试验的安全操作规程） 57PerformFlowCheck（溢流检查安全操作规程） 59NippleUpandNippleDownBOP（安装和拆卸防喷器组的安全操作规程） 62ChangeOutBOPRams（更换闸板的安全操作规程） 69WellControlEquipmentandMaintenanceRequirements（井控设备的维护规程） 73PressureTestProcedurefortheHighPressureTestPump（使用高压试压泵的规程） 78PressureTestingtheBOPandtheBOPSystem（防喷器系统的试压安全操作规程） 80Shut-inprocedure（关井安全操作规程） 89KillingProcedureStepbyStep（压井程序） 94CleaningMudTanksAfterDrillingH2SZone（钻完含硫化氢地层后清理泥浆罐的安全操作规程） 99OperationandMaintenanceoftheStabbingBoard（套管扶正台的使用和保养） 102RunningCasing/Liner/Tubing（下套管、尾管和油管的安全操作规程） 105CementingCasing/Liner（套管和油管固井的安全操作规程） 115InstallingtheX-MasTree（安装采油树的安全操作规程） 127PickingUpandLayingDownSingleJoints（SinglingIn/SinglingOut）（吊拉和甩下钻杆单根的安全操作规程）1.SPECIALTOOLSANDEQUIPMENT特殊工具和设备Drillpipeliftingcap（appropriatesize）钻杆提丝（尺寸合适）Drillpipedrift（appropriatesize）钻杆通径规（尺寸合适）SoftbrushandCleaningsolvent 软刷和清洗剂PinandBoxprotectors公、母接头护丝KellycockwithWrench方钻杆旋塞和扳手 Circulatingsub循环头Drillpipedope 钻具丝扣油 Tapemeasure卷尺InsideBOP内防喷器 CorrectsizeRigtongs大钳2.SAFETYINFORMATION安全注意事项Ensurethatescaperoutes（doors,stairs,etc.）areaccessibleatalltimesandarenotobstructedbyhoses,tools,etc.随时保证逃生路线可以使用（门，梯子等），不被管线、工具所阻挡。Specialattentionmustbepaidwhileliftingthedrillpipefromthecatwalkontotherigfloorwiththeairtuggerandloweringthetravellingblockatthesametime.当用气动绞车把钻杆从猫道吊到钻台并同时下放游车时，要特别注意。Nobodyisallowedtostandbetweenthesinglebeingbroughtin/laiddownandthejointintherotarytable.NobodyisallowedtostandwiththeirbacktotheV-door,duringtheseactivities.严禁站在正在提升或甩掉的钻杆和钻盘内单根之间，严禁背对井架大门。TheFloormenguidingthesingleacrosstherigfloormustkeepfeetwellclearofthepinendofthesingle.Winchoperatorsmustnotlowersinglesuntiltheyarecompletelysurethatfeetarewellclearofthepinend.钻台上的钻工必须注意使双脚离开单根公接头的下方，气动绞车操作者必须确认钻工双脚远离公扣下放后再下放单根。Keepfeetwellclearofthedrillpipepinendwhenthedriftisstillinthepipeandthepipeisvertical.当通径规还在钻杆内并且钻杆处于垂直位置时，保持双脚远离钻杆公扣下方。3.STANDARDOPERATIONALCONSIDERATIONS（DO'SANDDON'TS）标准操作注意事项（1）ThisoperationrequiresaToolboxTalk,coveringequipmentuseandpositioningofpersonnel.这项操作要求召开工作前安全会，会议内容包括使用的设备和人员的位置。（2）Ensurethatallhoisting/liftingequipment,wiresandliftingcapsareinasafeconditionandconformswiththecurrentGWDCcolourcodingandhavevalidinspectioncertificates.确保提升设备，钢丝绳和提丝工作状态良好，符合当前GWDC的颜色识别编号和有效的检验证书。（3）TheairwinchOperatorshallensurethatthewinchwireismovingfreelyinthederrick（possiblyguidedbypulleys）toavoidanydamagetothesteelstructure,especiallythefingerboard.气动绞车操作者要确认气动绞车钢丝绳和井架不干涉（可以用滑轮导向），以避免损伤井架的钢结构，特别是指梁。（4）Ensurethatthecorrectgradeofpipeisbeingpickedup.确认吊起的钻杆级别是正确的。（5）Wheninstallingtheliftingcap,ensureitistight.一定要旋紧提升提丝。（6）Beforeandafteroperation,countthedrillpipe（DP）onthepiperacktoverifytallyfigures.操作前后，数一下钻杆架上的钻杆数量，和钻杆记录表核实。（7）AnydamagedDPistobepaintedred（highlightingthedamage）andreportedtotheToolpusherforchangeofinventorystatusandtransportbacktobase/warehouse.任何损伤的钻杆要喷上红漆，并报告带班队长变换钻具库存记录，运回基地或库房（8）Whensinglingin,ensurepipetallyisupdatedasDPisbeingpickedup.NumberasperGWDCDPnumberingsystem.当逐根下入钻具单根时，钻杆记录表要更新，并根据GWDC的程序进行编号。（9）Ifpipeis5"indiameterorgreater,tailthepipeusingaropeasitclearsthetopoftheV-doorandenterstherigfloor.TheuseofaropetotailinpipeofasmallerdiameterisattheToolpusher'sdiscretion.直径是或大于5〞的钻杆，从坡道见到钻台上时，要拴牵引尾绳；直径5〞以下的钻杆，由带班队长决定是否拴尾绳。（10）Whensinglingout,ensurepipetallyisadjustedtoreflectthepipebeinglaiddown.当逐根甩掉单根时，确认钻杆记录表经过调整并反映出被甩的钻杆4.INSTRUCTIONS指令4.1SinglingIn吊拉单根（1）Verifythesizeandcurrentcolourcodingoftheliftingcap.核实提丝的大小和颜色编码。（2）Cleanandexaminethethreadsandshouldersonboxandpinends,andinformtheDrillerofanydamage.清洗和检验公、母扣的丝扣、台肩，发现损伤报告司钻（3）Verifythegradeofthedrillpipe,measurelength,recordandinformtheDriller.验证钻杆的等级，测量长度，记录并报告司钻（4）Removetheprotectorfromtheboxend,applydope（threadcompound）,andinstallthedriftandliftingcap,ensuringtheliftingcapistight.卸掉母扣护丝，抹上丝扣油，装上通径规和提丝，确保上紧提丝。（5）Attachtheairtuggertotheliftingcapandliftthepipeoffthecatwalk.挂上提丝把钻杆吊离猫道。（6）TailthedrillpipewitharopeasitswingsthroughtheV-door.因为钻杆经过井架大门坡道时来回摆动，要在钻杆上拴上尾绳。（7）Removethepinprotectorandretrievethedrift,keepingfeetwellclear.卸掉公扣护丝，取出通径规，保持脚下利索。（8）Lowerthedrillpipejointintothemousehole,andremoveairtuggerandliftingcap.下放单根进小鼠洞，摘掉气动绞车和提丝。（9）Iftherigisequippedwithatopdrive,theDrilleractivatesthelinktilttowardsthejointinthemouseholeandtheFloormenlatchtheelevators.如果钻机配备了顶驱，司钻打前伸按钮使吊卡靠近小鼠洞中的单根，钻工扣上吊卡。4.2.SinglingOut甩掉单根（1）AftertheconnectionhasbeenbrokenouttheFloormenpullthesingleoverthemousehole.卸开扣后，钻工把单根推向小鼠洞。（2）TheFloormendopethepinandinstallapinthreadprotector.钻工给公扣抹上丝扣油，戴上护丝（3）Ifatopdriveisused,afterthesinglehasbeenbrokenout,theDrillerusesthelinktilttomovethesingletowardsandintothemousehole.如果配备了顶驱，卸开扣后，司钻打前伸按钮，并把单根推向、放入小鼠洞。（4）Theelevatorsareopenedwhenthejointstandsupandthenareheldbackfromswingingacrosstherigfloor.下放吊卡，单根接头离开吊卡时，打开吊卡并后摆。（5）TheFloormendopetheboxandinstalltheliftingcap,attachtheairtuggerandliftthejointclearofthemousehole.钻工给母扣抹上丝扣油，带上护丝，挂上气动绞车把单根提离小鼠洞。Note:Thedrillpipecanbecleanedanddopedafterithasbeenrolledoffthecatwalk.注意：钻杆被滚离猫道后要清洁丝扣和涂抹丝扣油。（6）Tail/pushpipeoutoftheV-doorkeepingfeetwellclear.WinchoperatormustensurethatthelastjointlaiddownisnolongeronthecatwalkandthatthecatwalkisclearofpersonnelbeforeslowlyloweringthepipeoutoftheV-door.保持脚下利落，把钻杆推出或用绳子牵引出大门坡道。气动绞车操作者在慢放钻杆出大门坡道前，要确认猫道上没有钻具和人员。Note:Whenrunninginorlayingdownalargeamountofdrillpipe,specialattentionmustbepaidwhileworkingaroundthemousehole.TheMouseholeshallbecoveredatalltimeswhennotinuse.注意：当吊拉或甩掉大量钻杆时，在小鼠洞周围工作时要特别注意，小鼠洞不用时要一直盖着。（7）Removetheliftingcap,installtheboxprotectorandrollthejointontothepiperack.卸掉提丝，带上母扣护丝，把钻杆滚到管排架上。4.3SpecialConsiderations特殊事项（1）Whenbreakingoutsingles,anyproblemconnectionmustbemarked,recordedintheTallyBookandreportedtotheToolpusher.当卸扣时，有问题的接头要划上记号，记录在钻具记录本上，并向带班队长汇报。RunningInandLayingDownDrillCollars（吊拉和甩下钻铤单根的安全操作规程）1.SPECIALTOOLSANDEQUIPMENT特殊工具和设备SingleslingwithHook带钩子的单绳套 DoubleslingandHook带钩子的双绳套 DrillcollarDopeandBrush钻铤丝扣油和刷子 ODandIDCalliper内外卡尺1Tapemeasure卷尺 ChalkorMarker粉笔或信号笔Liftingsubs提升短接 Elevators吊卡Rigtongs 大钳 Threadprotectors护丝Sledgehammer 大锤 DrillcollarSlings钻铤绳套DrillcollarDrift 钻铤通径规 Safetyclamp安全卡瓦BarorCheaterbar 撬杠或加长撬杠 Taglines牵引线Slips 卡瓦 Crane吊车2.SAFETYINFORMATION安全规程（1）Neverstandorworkunderasuspendedload悬吊物下，严禁站人和工作。（2）DonotblocktheviewoftheDrillerortheCraneOperator.要挡住司钻和吊车司机的视线。（3）Agreaterdegreeofcareandattentionisrequiredtoensurethesafetyofnewpersonnelworkingontherigduringthisoperation.此类操作期间，密切关注井队新工人的安全。（4）Duringdriftingofthedrillcollarsensurethatthedriftdoesnotdropoutoftheendofthejointandcausepersonalinjury.通径钻铤期间，要确保通径规不要从接头端掉出来，以免造成人员受伤。（5）Alwaysusetaglinetoguidethedrillcollar.用牵引绳来控制钻铤。（6）Ensurethatallequipmentandslingsareingoodconditionwithcurrentcolourcode.确保所有的设备和绳套状态良好并且有颜色编码。（7）Checktheweightoftheloads.EnsurethecorrectWorkingLoadLimit（WLL）ofeachsling,hookandairwinch.检查吊物的重量。确保绳套，钩子和气动绞车的额定工作载荷与之相配。3.STANDARDOPERATIONALCONSIDERATIONS（DO’SANDDON’TS）标准操作规程（1）Beforestartingthejob,holdaToolboxTalkwiththecrewandtheCraneOperator,todiscussequipment,proceduresandsafety.开始工作前，召开安全会，井队人员及吊车司机讨论设备、操作规程和安全事项。（2）Priortopickingupanydrillcollar（DC）,cleanandinspectallliftingsubpins.Damagedliftingsubswillbemarkedandsetaside.NotifytheDrillerandtheToolpusher.起吊钻铤前，清洁和检查提升短节公扣，丝扣损伤的提升短节要标上记号并停用，通知司钻和带班队长。（3）Checktheconditionofthewinchlineandslingsforwearandcolourcodeidentification.Reportanydamageorequipmentwithwrongcolourcode.检查气动绞车绳索和吊索的麽损情况及颜色编码，及时报告受损及颜色编码错误的设备。（4）Whenlifting9”collarsorlargerwiththeelevators,usethewinchtorestrainthemovementoftheDC.当用吊卡吊拉9〞以上的钻铤时，用气动绞车来控制钻铤的摆动。（5）Afterlatchingelevatorsalwayscheckandensurethesafetylatchisengaged.扣上吊卡后，要检查和确认安全销。（6）PriortopickingupaDCjoint,visuallyinspectthepinandboxthreads,theshouldersandfaces.AnyproblemsanddamageobservedonthreadsorshouldersmustberecordedinthepipetallybookandreportedtotheToolpusher吊钻铤前，目测检查公母扣、台肩和表面。观察到丝扣和台肩有任何问题和损伤，必须记录在钻具本上并报告给带班队长。（7）MeasureandrecordDCfeatures,outsidediameter（OD）,insidediameter（ID）,length,threadtype,serialnumberandfishingneckinthepipetallybook.测量、记录钻铤特征数据，内外径，长度，丝扣类型，系列号，打捞颈尺寸。（8）PriortomakingupaliftingsubtoaDC,dopethepinofthesubandtheboxoftheDCwithproperdope（threadcompound）.连接提升短节到钻铤前，两者相连的公、母扣涂上适当的丝扣油。（9）AftermakinguptheliftingsubtotheDCintheV-doorormousehole,tightenthesubwithabaroracheaterbar.在坡道上或小鼠洞内，将提升短节连接到钻铤上后，用撬杠或加长撬杠上紧。（10）Ensurethatallthreadedconnectionsarecleaned,properlydopedandthreadprotectorsinstalled.EnsurethatthepinprotectorODisnotlargerthanthedrillcollarOD确保所有的连接丝扣清洁，涂上合适的丝扣油，带上护丝。确保公扣护丝外径不大于钻铤外径。（11）AllDCconnectionsaretobe“walkedin”withchaintongs.Rigtongswillbeusedforfinalmakeuptorquebeforeruninthehole.所有的钻铤丝扣用链钳引扣或磨扣，入井前用大钳紧扣。（12）Neverrotatetherotarytabletospininoroutadrillcollarjoint.不要用钻盘上、卸钻铤扣。（13）Ensurethattheboxendprotectorisinstalledwhentheliftingsubisremoved.卸下提升短节时，要带上母扣护丝4.INSTRUCTIONS指令4.1HandlingDrillCollarswiththeAirTugger用气动绞车操作钻铤4.1.1RunningInDCwiththe（1）TheDrillerensuresthattheairtuggercapacityiswithintheWorkingWeightLimitofthedrillcollartobepickedup.司钻要确保吊起的钻铤重量不超过气动绞车的工作负荷。（2）AFloormaninsertstheDCdriftintotheboxendofthedrillcollaronthecatwalk,dopestheboxandinstallsaprotectorwithaliftingeyeoraliftingsubwiththecorrectthread.钻工把通径规放进猫道上钻铤的母扣端，母扣内抹上丝扣油并安装带有提升孔的提丝或提升短接（扣型要正确）。（3）TheFloormenattachandsecuretheairtuggerlinetotheshacklefittedintotheholeoftheliftingsuborcap.钻工把气动绞车的吊绳连上提升短节或提丝上的卸扣内。（4）AFloormanattachesthecatwalkwinchtothelifteyeonthepinprotector.钻工把猫道除的气动绞车连到公扣护丝的提升环内。（5）TheAirtuggerOperatorengagestheairtuggerandcarefullyraisesthedrillcollarupandthroughtheV-doorastheCatwalkwinchOperatorsnubsthedrillcollar.使用猫道气动绞车的牵引下，钻台上气动绞车操作者操作气动绞车小心的提升钻铤通过井架大门口。（6）Oncethedrillcollarisoverthemousehole,aFloormanremovesthecatwalkwinchfromtheeyeofthepinprotector.一旦钻铤到达小鼠洞上方，摘掉猫道的气动绞车。（7）TheairtuggerOperatorlowersthedrillcollarintothemousehole.使用气动绞车慢放钻铤进小鼠洞。（8）TheFloormenremovetheairtuggerlineandtheliftingeyefromthedrillcollarandinserttheliftingsub.从钻铤上摘掉气动绞车绳和提丝，并装上提升短节。（9）Usingabaroracheaterbarthroughtheholeoftheliftingsub,theFloormenscrewtheliftingsubintothedrillcollarandtighten.通过提升短节上的提升孔，钻工们用撬杠或加长撬杠将扣上紧。（10）AttheDriller’sinstruction,theFloormenlatchtheelevatoraroundtheliftingsub.在司钻的指导下，钻工用吊卡扣上提升短节。（11）Ifusingatopdrive,theDrilleractivatesthelinktilttowardthejointinthemouseholeandtheFloormenlatchtheelevator.如果用顶驱，司钻把吊卡支向小鼠洞，钻工把吊卡扣上。Note:Ifpickinguprecesseddrillcollars,ensurethatthedrillcollarelevatoristhecorrectsizeandthesafetylatchisengaged.注意：如果钻铤有吊卡槽，确保钻铤吊卡尺寸合适，安全销灵活好用。（12）TheDrillerengagesthedrawworksandliftsthedrillcollarupandoutofthemousehole.司钻操作绞车提升钻铤出小鼠洞（13）TheFloormenremovethedrillcollarpinprotectorandrecoverthedrift.钻工卸掉钻铤公扣护丝并取出通径规Note:Keepfeetawaywhenthedriftisremovedtopreventinjury.注意：取出通径规时，双脚叉开以免受伤（14）Ifusingatopdrive,theDrillerretractsthelinktiltandpositionsthedrillcollarovertherotarytable.如果用顶驱，司钻要收回伸缩臂，使钻铤位于转盘正上方。Note:Ifthisisthebottomdrillcollar,thenmakeupthebit（orotherdownholetools,suchasholeopener,mudmotor,corebarrel,etc.）,andremovetherotarybushingsifnecessary.注意：如果是最后一根钻铤，接着要连接钻头（或其它井下工具，如：扩眼器、泥浆马达、取心筒等），如果有必要，吊出钻盘补心。（15）TheDrilleropenstheblindrams（ifBOPisinstalled）,andlowersthedrillcollarthroughtherotarytable.司钻打开全封闸板（如果安装了），通过转盘下放钻铤。TheFloormenreinstalltherotarybushings（ifremoved）,settheDCslipsattheDriller´sinstruction,andsecuretheDCwiththesafetyclamp.钻工在司钻的指导下重新装上钻盘补心（如果取出）,坐上卡瓦，并卡上安全卡瓦Note:Theelevatorsmustneverbeopenedbeforethesafetyclamphasbeenfittedandsecured.注意：在安全卡瓦没有卡好前，一定不要打开吊卡。（17）TheDrillerlowerstheelevatorsandtheFloormenunlatchtheelevators.司钻下放吊卡，钻工打开吊卡。（18）TheFloormenremovetheliftingsubandapplydopetothebox.钻工卸掉提升短节，在钻铤母扣内抹上丝扣油。（19）Repeatthesteps（2）through（18）untilalldrillcollarsarepickedup.重复以上步骤直到吊完所有的钻铤4.1.2LayingDownDCwithAirTugger（1）TheDrillerensuresthattheairtuggercapacityiswithintheWorkingWeightLimitofthedrillcollartobepickedup.司钻要确保吊起的钻铤重量不超过气动绞车的额定工作负荷。（2）BreakouttheDCconnection,installapinprotectorwithaliftingeye,andputDCinthemousehole.卸开钻铤，安装一带吊装孔的公扣提丝，并把钻铤放进小鼠洞（3）AFloormanscrewstheliftingcaporsubintotheboxendofthedrillcollarandattachestheairtuggerlinetotheshackleinsertedintheholeofcaporsub.钻工把提丝旋进钻铤母扣内并用卸扣把气动绞车绳和提丝上的吊装孔相连。（4）TheAirtuggerOperatorraisesthedrillcollaruntilitisremovedfromthemousehole.气动绞车操作者从小鼠洞内提出提起钻铤。（5）TheFloormenattachthecatwalkwinchtotheshackletothepinend.钻工用卸扣把猫道气动绞车和公扣护丝相连（6）TheCatwalkwinchOperatorpullsthepinendofthedrillcollarouttheV-doorastheAirtuggerOperatorlowersthedrillcollar.当钻台上气动绞车操作者下放钻铤时，猫道上的气动绞车把钻铤拉出大门口（7）TheAirtuggerOperatorcontinuesloweringastheCatwalkwinchOperatorpullsthecollaruntilthedrillcollarisrestingonthecatwalk.钻台上气动绞车操作者继续下放，同时猫道上的气动绞车拉动钻铤，直到钻铤放在猫道上。（8）TheFloormenremovethewinchlineandtheairtuggerlinefromthepinandtheboxprotectors.钻工卸掉钻台上气动绞车和猫道上的气动绞车绳。（9）TheFloormenexchangetheliftingprotectorswithordinaryprotectors.钻工把提升护丝换成普通护丝。（10）Removethedrillcollarfromthecatwalkbeforethenextjointofdrillcollarislaiddown.下一个钻铤甩下前，把猫道上的钻铤移走。（11）Repeatsteps（2）through（9）untilalldrillcollarsarelaiddown.重复以上动作直到钻铤甩完。4.2.HandlingDrillCollarswithaCrane用吊车提升和下方钻铤4.2.1RunningInDCwithaCrane（1）Thecranemustbepositionedwhereitcanbewellsupportedandgiveasafeandlevellifttotherigfloor.吊车要打在能够良好支撑的地方，能够为钻台上做安全、平稳的起吊操作。（2）AFloormaninsertstheDCdriftintotheboxendofthedrillcollaronthecatwalk,dopestheboxandinstallsaprotector.钻工把通径规放进猫道上钻铤的母扣端，母扣内抹上丝扣油并安装上护丝。（3）TheFloormenattachandsecureonecranelinetotheslingwrappednearthepinendofthedrillcollarandattachatagline.钻工把吊车钩子挂到绑在公接头附近的绳套上，并拴上尾绳。（4）TheFloormenattachandsecuretheothercranelinetotheslingwrappedneartheboxendofthedrillcollar.钻工把吊车钩子挂到绑在母接头附近的绳套上。（5）UpontheDriller’sinstruction,theCraneOperatorcarefullyliftsthedrillcollarupandintotheV-door.在司钻的指导下，吊车司机小心的吊起钻铤并送进大门坡道。（6）WhiletheFloormen,guidethedrillcollarontotherigfloorandtheFloormanatthecatwalkholdsthetagline,theCraneOperatorthenreststhedrillcollarsafelyontheV-door.钻工在钻台上引导钻铤，猫道上的钻工拉住牵引绳，同时吊车司机安全的把钻铤放在大门坡道。（7）TheFloormenremovetheboxprotectorandinserttheliftingsubandtighten.钻工卸掉母扣护丝，装上提升短节并上紧。（8）TheDrillerlowersthetravellingblockandelevatorovertheliftingsub,anduponhissignal,theFloormenlatchtheelevators.司钻下放游车和吊卡到提升短节，发指令，钻工扣上吊卡。（9）Ifusingatopdrive,theDrilleractivatesthelinktiltandtheFloormenwilllatchtheelevators如果用顶驱，司钻前伸吊臂，钻工扣上吊卡。（10）TheFloormenremovethecraneslingandthetaglinefromtheboxend.钻工去掉母扣端的吊车绳套和牵引绳。Note:Donotremovethecraneslingfromthepinend.LeaveitonforaddedsafetyandsnubbingwhenDCisliftedwiththetravellingblock.注意：当游车吊起钻铤时，不要去掉绑在公扣末端的绳套，留下作为安全绳。（11）TheDrillerengagesthedrawworksandcarefullyraisesthedrillcollarup,astheCraneOperatorsnubsthepinendofthedrillcollar司钻操作绞车仔细的上提钻铤，同时吊车司机拉住钻铤的公扣端。Note:Ifpickinguprecesseddrillcollars,ensurethatthedrillcollarelevatoristhecorrectsizeandthesafetylatchisengaged.注意：如果吊起有吊卡槽的钻铤，确保钻铤吊卡尺寸合适，安全销灵活好用。（12）Afterthedrillcollarhasbeenraisedtoaverticalposition,theFloormenremovethepinprotector,recoverthedriftandreinstalltheprotector.当司钻把钻铤提到垂直位置时，钻工卸掉公扣护丝，取出通径规并重新上好护丝。Note:Keepfeetawaywhenthedriftisremovedtopreventinjury.注意：当通径规取出时两脚叉开，防止砸伤双脚。（13）TheFloormenremovetheslingfromthepinendofthedrillcollar.钻工从钻铤公扣端取下绳套。（14）TheDrillerlowersthedrillcollarintothemouseholewheretheliftingsubistightenedusingtherigtongs.司钻下放钻铤进鼠洞，用双钳上紧提升短节。（15）TheDrillerthenraisesthedrillcollaroutofthemouseholeandovertotherotarytable.司钻从小鼠洞提出钻铤到钻盘上方。（16）Ifusingatopdrive,theDrillerretractsthelinktiltandpositionsthedrillcollarovertherotarytable.如果使用顶驱，司钻回放吊卡并使钻铤位于钻盘上方。Note:Ifthisisthebottomdrillcollar,thenmakeupthebit（orotherdownholetools,suchasholeopener,mudmotor,corebarrel,etc.）,andremovetherotarybushingsifnecessary.注意：如果是最后一根钻铤，接着要连接钻头（或其它井下工具，如：扩眼器、泥浆马达、取心筒等），如果有必要，吊出钻盘补心。（17）TheDrilleropenstheblindrams（ifBOPisinstalled）,andlowersthedrillcollarthroughtherotarytable.司钻打开全封闸板（如果安装了），通过钻盘下放钻铤。（18）TheFloormenreinstalltherotarybushings（ifremoved）,settheDCslipsattheDriller´sinstruction,andsecuretheDCwiththesafetyclamp钻工在司钻的指导下重新放入钻盘补心（如果取出）,坐上卡瓦，并卡上安全卡瓦。Note:Theelevatorsmustneverbeopenedbeforethesafetyclamphasbeenfittedandsecured.注意：在安全卡瓦没有卡好前，一定不要打开吊卡。（19）TheDrillerlowerstheelevatorsandtheFloormenunlatchtheelevators.司钻下放吊卡，钻工打开吊卡。（20）TheFloormenremovetheliftingsubandapplydopetothebox.钻工卸掉提升短节，在母扣内抹上丝扣油。（21）Repeatthesteps（2）through（20）untilalldrillcollarsarepickedup.重复以上步骤直到吊完所有的钻铤。4.2.2LayingDownDCwithCrane（1）Thecraneispositionedwhereitcanbewellsupportedandgiveasafeandlevelliftfromtherigfloor.车要打在能够良好支撑的地方，能够为钻台上做安全、平稳的起吊操作。（2）BreakouttheDCconnection.WhileDCishangingfromtheelevators,installapinprotectoranddoublewrapaslingnearthepinendofthedrillcollar.卸开钻铤丝扣，钻铤在吊卡上悬吊时，戴上一公扣护丝并在靠近钻铤公扣附近栓一双结绳套。（3）TheFloormenattachthecranelinetotheslingandattachataglinetothedrillcollar.钻工把吊车钩子挂到绑在公接头附近的绳套上并拴上尾绳。（4）AFloorman,attheV-door,giveshandsignalstoboththeCraneOperatorandtheDriller.一钻工站在大门口给吊车司机和司钻打手势。（5）UpontheDriller’s“ready”signal,theCraneOperatorpullsthepinendofthedrillcollarouttheV-doorastheDrillerlowerstheelevators.当司钻发出准备好的手势，吊车司机在司钻下放吊卡的同时把钻铤的公扣端拉出大门口。（6）TheDrillercontinuestolowertheelevatorsuntiltheboxendofthedrillcollarrestsattheV-door.司钻继续下放吊卡直到钻铤的母扣端靠在坡道上。（7）TheFloormenwraptheslingneartheboxendofthedrillcollarandattachtheothercraneline.钻工在钻铤的母扣端拴上绳套并且挂在吊车钩子上。（8）TheDrillerlowerstheelevatorsandupontheDriller’ssignal,theFloormenunlatchtheelevators.司钻继续下放吊卡，钻工在司钻的示意下打开吊卡。（9）TheDrillerraisesthetravellingblockandtheelevatorsoutoftheway.司钻上提游车到足够的高度，吊卡不妨碍下步作业。（10）TheFloormenthenremovetheliftingsubandinstallaboxprotector.钻工卸掉提升短节，装上母扣护丝。（11）UpontheDriller’sinstructions,theCraneOperatorliftsandmovesthedrillcollarouttheV-doorandofftherigfloor.在司钻的指导下，吊车司机把钻铤吊出大门坡道。（12）TheCraneOperatorsetsthedrillcollaronthepiperackoratasuitableplacetobecleanedandinspected.吊车司机把钻铤放在钻杆架上或者其他合适的位置，然后清洗，检查。（13）Repeatthesteps（2）through（12）untilallthedrillcollarsarelaiddown.重复以上步骤直到甩完所有的钻铤。Make-UpandBreak-OutProceduresUsingRigTongs（使用吊钳进行钻具上扣和卸扣的安全操作规程）1.SPECIALTOOLSANDEQUIPMENT特殊工具和设备Tongjaws 钳头 Tongdies 钳牙 CorrectsizeRigtongs 适当尺寸的大钳Tongpins大钳销子Safetylatchsprings安全锁定弹簧Splitpins开口销Grease黄油Greasegun黄油枪2.SAFETYINFORMATION安全事项（1）TheDrillermustensurethattheFloormenareoutsidetheareaofthetongsbeforepullingonthetongs,ifanabnormalamountoftorqueistobeappliedduringmakeuporbreakout.当上、卸扣扭距异常时，司钻拉大钳前必须确认钻工站在大钳区域之外。（2）Snublinesfortherigtongsmustbeinspectedandbeingoodworkingorder.钳尾绳必须检查并状态良好。（3）Hanginglinesfortherigtongsmustbeinspectedandbeingoodworkingorder吊绳必须检查并状态良好。（4）TheFloormenmustbeinstructedonproperplacementofhandswhileoperatingtherigtongs.操作大钳时，必须教导钻工把手放在正确位置。3.STANDARDOPERATIONALCONSIDERATIONS（DO’SANDDON’TS）标准操作注意事项（1）Alwaysusetwosetsofrigtongsofthepropersizetobreakoutormakeupconnections.要使用合乎标准尺寸的双钳上、卸扣。（2）TheFloormenmustlubricaterigtongsatregularintervals,andalwaysbeforeandaftereachtrip钻工必须定期保养大钳，如起钻前和下钻后。（3）Theslackintherigtongsafetylinemustbesufficientforthetongtoobtainfullbenefitfromthepullofthecathead,butshortenoughtopreventhalfrotationoftherigtong钳尾绳的长度长短合适，足够长以满足大钳施加足够的拉力，足够短以避免大钳的旋转角度不够。（4）Endsofthebraidedsafetylinesshouldbesecuredbythimbleswhichareproperlycast,splicedortalurit-clampedtopreventunravelling.安全绳的末端使用心环，心环要正确的铸造，压制或者用卡子以避免散开。（5）Rigtongsmustbekeptcleantoensureproperoperation.大钳必须保持清洁确保正确操作。（6）Rigtongdiesmustbeinspectregularlyandmustbereplacedwhenwornordamaged.Ensurethatthetongdiesaresecuredwithsafetypins.钳牙必须定期检查，磨损和损坏的钳牙一定要更换，要使用钳牙安全销。（7）Rigtonglinepulleysandcounterbalancesmustbeinspectedatregularintervals.大钳的悬挂滑轮和平衡配重必须定期检查（8）Rigtongpinsandhingesmustbeinspectedregularlyforwearandreplacedifanywearisobserved.大钳销子和铰链必须定期检查磨损情况，如果磨损严重要更换。（9）Rigtongpins,shacklepinsandboltsmustbesecuredwiththepropersizesplitpins.大钳销子，卸扣的销子和螺栓必须配有合适尺寸的开口销。4.INSTRUCTIONS指令4.1BreakingOutConnectionswiththeRigTongs用大钳卸扣（1）TheFloormenremovethesafetylatchspringsandthetongpinsandchangethetongjawstomatchthesizeofthepipeortubulartobebrokenout.钻工打开安全弹簧和取下大钳销子，换上合适尺寸的钳头以匹配钻杆或管子的尺寸（2）TheDrillerensuresthatthesafetylatchspringsarereplacedonthetongpins.司钻要确保大钳销子上的安全锁定弹簧被放到原位。（3）TheFloormensettheslips,orwhereapplicable,theDrillersetstheautomaticslips.钻工卡上卡瓦（如果有的话，司钻卡上自动卡瓦）。（4）TheFloormenengagetherigtongsonthedrillpipeortubulartooljoint.（Thebreakouttongisplacedonthetoptooljointandthemakeuptongisplacedonthebottomtooljoint）.钻工在钻杆或管子接头上上打上大钳（内钳打在上方接头上，外钳打在下方接头上）。Note:Specialattentionmustbemadetoensuretherigtongsareplacedabovethehardfacingonthetooljoint.注意：大钳必须打在接头耐麽层之上。（5）TheFloormenmaketherigtongsbitebypullingonthetongjawandpushingonthetongarm.钻工通过拉钳头、推钳柄使钳子咬紧。Note:TheFloormanmustproperlyplacetheirhandsontherigtongstopreventinjury.注意：钻工必须正确放置手的位置以免受到伤害（6）TheDrillerengagesthebreakoutcatheadandpullsonthebreakouttong.Thiswillcausethebreakouttongtobiteontheuppertooljoint.Atthesametime,themakeuptongbitesonthebottomtooljoint.Theconnectionisthenbroken.司钻操作卸扣猫头拉动卸扣大钳，这会使卸扣大钳咬紧上部接头，同时上扣大钳咬紧下方接头扣被卸开。Note:TheDrillermustensurethatthecatheadlineisatrightangle（90degrees）tothetongarm.TheDrillermustnotethebreakouttorqueandmarkthejointsforfurtherinspectionifthebreakouttorqueisnotequaltoorwithinlessthan10%ofthemakeuptorque.注意：司钻必须确认猫头绳与钳柄之间的角度垂直（90·），如果卸扣扭距不等于或小于上扣扭距的10％，司钻必须留意卸扣扭距并作好记号以便进一步检查。（7）TheFloormenspinouttheconnectionusingtheairspinner,orifapplicable,theDrillerutilisesthetopdrivetospinouttheconnection.钻工使用气动旋扣器卸开扣，或者如果可能，司钻用顶驱卸开扣。（8）TheFloormenapplyproperpipedopeintothethreadboxofthepipejoint.钻工用合适的丝扣油涂抹接头母扣。（9）TheFloormenremovetherigtongsandtiethembacksafelyoutoftheway.钻工打开大钳，放置到安全位置并拴牢。4.2MakingUpConnectionswiththeRigTongs用大钳上扣（1）TheFloormenremovethesafetylatchspringsandthetongpinsandchangethetongjawstomatchthesizeofthepipeortubulartobemadeup.钻工取下安全弹簧和大钳销子换上合适尺寸的钳头以匹配钻杆或管子的尺寸。（2）TheDrillerensuresthatthesafetylatchspringsarereplacedonthetongpins.司钻要确保钳销上的安全锁定弹簧被放到原位。（3）TheFloormensettheslipsandtheDrillerpicksupajointorastandofpipe.钻工卡上卡瓦，司钻提起一单根或一立柱。（4）TheFloormenapplypipedopetotheboxandpinendoftheconnectionthoroughly.钻工均匀地在公、母扣上抹上铅油。（5）TheFloormenstabthepinendofthejointintotheboxofthejointintherotarytable.钻工把公扣接头放进转盘上单根母扣接头内。（6）TheFloormenrotatethepipeintotheboxutilisingtheairspinnerorwhereapplica