2018年丰台高三二模英语试卷及答案

北京市丰台区2018届高三5月综合测试（二模）英语试题笔试（共三部分120分）第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）Aheavysandstormisgoingtoenvelopourcity.Itisunwisetohaveyourcar.washB.washedC.washingD.towashWuLeiistheonlyChineseplayerhasmadeitontothelatestWorldSoccer500list.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whomYourdonationgreatlyappreciatedandthemoneywillbeusedtohelpthestudentsfrompoorfamilies.A.hasbeenB.isC.wasD.hadbeenEvenasmallpersonalcomputerstorevastamountsofinformation.A.mightB.canC.oughttoD.hastoWepackedallthehooksinwoodenboxessothattheydamaged.A.don'tgetB.won'tgetC.didn'tgetD.wouldn'tgetItisnotsurprisingthenewcourseonelectronicgameshasattractedmanystudents.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.wherebasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.KnownB.HavingknownC.KnowingD.Beingknown—DidyourfatherenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterdayYes,hedid.Theyeachotherforages.A.didn'tseeB.wouldn'tseeC.haven'tseenD.hadn'tseen—^ouldyoucheckmylisttoseeIhaveforgottenanything?—Noproblem.A.whetherB.whichC.thatD.whatSomeonecalledmeupatmidnight,buthehadhungupIcouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.beforeWeclimbeduptothetopofahiwegotagoodviewofthewholeforestpark.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.thatBeijing'snewinternationalairportintooperationin2019willserve72millionpassengersannually.A.beingputB.tobeputC.putD.toputShedoesn'tspeakourlanguage,sheseemstounderstandwhatwesay.A.yetB.andC.orD.soDaviddidn'tattendhisdaughter'sgraduationceremonyt,heidoeswishhethere.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.hadbeenD.wereWhatisyourmainreasonforchoosingonerestaurantanother?A.overB.ofC.fromD.for第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）AGoodManIt'salateSaturdayafternooninearlyMarch,andIamsweatingsienarchoftheonlygiftmysonwantsfromLosAngeles:a16tothehomesofthestarssuchasBradPittandJetLi.Acheerfultaxidriversays,“Noproblem.Mapsellersareeverywhere!”Whenthetaxistops,afellow17withathinfoldedsheetandays:“Tendollars."Tendollars!Withabsolute18,Iinformhim,“That'stoomuch."Themapmanleaves.Ibeginwalking,certainI'llfinda（an）19starmapsoon.Iam20.There'shardlyanybodyonthestreet.Theredon'tseemtobemanyrstdres,justcarsandbars.Nomaps.Nostars.Blockspass.Thesunbeginstosink.AttheedgeofWestHollywood,21fellowwandersahead,sellingstarmapstosometeenagegirls.Tendollars22.Forgetit.Mysonwill23.Thatnight,Icallmwife.“Didyougetoneofthosemapstothestars?He'sbeentalkingaboutelse."This25ishardtoignore,It'slate.Atall-nightmarkets:nomaps.Iheadbacktothehotel.Morningiscoming.Therewillbeonelast26.AfterIcheckout,Itakeataxi.Butatnineinthemorning,mapsellersare27tobefound.“Youknow,”saysthedriver,“Theguyswiththemapsjustain'tupyet!”He'sright.“Forgetit.Let'sgototheairport.”“Well,"saysthedriver,“Icould28youoneifyoulike."Sure.Trustthisguy?Imightaswellthrowcashontothefreeway.Butexitingthetax29Imylastchance.Ihandhim$13andmybusinesscard.Threeweekspass.I've30onthestarmap.Mysonhasstoppedmentioningit.Thenoneafternoon,stickingoutfromunderpilesofflyers,thereitis:abigwhiteenvelope.Thereisasmallnote.Icanhardlyreadit,31Imakeoutafewphrase一“forgive32，”“taxi'sbeendown"and,finally,“here'smapforyourson."There'snoreturnaddress.It'ssigned,“kindregards,M."Iholdthenoteinmyhand,33whatmysonsaidtomewhenIgotbackfromLosAngeles.“Didyoumeetany34,Dad?"heasked.NowIknowwhattotellhim.“Yes,Idid.ImetaguynamedM."Ifyounever35anybody,you'llneverfindthegoodguys.16.A.decorationB.mapC.bookD.symbol17.A.arguesB.requestsC.competesD.approaches18.A.assuranceB.permissionC.anxietyD.bargain19.A.perfectB.inexpensiveC.properD.detailed20.A.shockedB.confusedC.impatientD.wrong21.A.oneB.someC.anotherD.either22.A.stillB.evenC.almostD.yet23.A.believeB.regretC.understandD.admit24.A.anythingB.everythingC.somethingD.nothing25.A.ideaB.newsC.changeD.reason26.A.tryB.journeyC.actionD.minute27.A.everywhereB.somewhereC.anywhereD.nowhere28.A.giveB.mailC.showD.spare29.A.createB.recognizeC.deserveD.blow30.A.givenupB.throwndoubtsC.refusedoffersD.droppedin31.A.andB.orC.butD.for32.A.faultB.delayC.carelessnessD.rudeness33.k.rememberingB.remindingC.reviewingD.realizing34.A.admirersB.friendsC.starsD.heroes35.A.lookuptoB.turntoC.havefaithinD.agreewith第二部分阅读理解（共两节40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）A

ClimbingWithoutRopesThepopularimageofthemountainclimberisofapersoncarefullyclimbingasteepcliffwithanetworkofsafetyropes,butitisnottheonlykind.Manyclimbersnowenjoybouldering.It'smoreaccessibleandbetterfortheenvironment.

Uliarisbonlderiug?Boulderingisasporttliatinvolvesclimbingon7over,andaroundbouldersupioapproximatelytwentyfeetabovetheground.Participantsemploynosafetylopes.BciiLcleruigT&rms'WTijbculder?improveyour'WTijbculder?improveyour<limbingskillsbyfocusingonbasicsplacest-ocl^mb,such2sclimbingwallsatgymsandparks”easytofindlesstime■com-mitrnenrtoboulderingthantomouztajiiclimbing-intellectualandphysicalenjoymentasonesolvespioblctnscriiw：i¥&ysmllhandh-old:footliold:aplacewhereonemayplaceafoottoajdinclimbingboulderjug:aver>7largehandholdthati?easytouseproblem:Thepathupaboulderisreferredtoisthe"problenf7thatonemustsolve.The"solution17isthesequenceofmovesone-makesupand.overatwulder.Hereisanexampleofaclimberaddressingaboulderingproblem.Figure1:Theclimberhastworoutesshecouldtake,onetotheleftandonetotheright.Theleftoneappearseasierbecauseithasajugwithineasyreach,butlookwhathappensifshechoosesthatdirection.Shegetsstuckontherockandhastogobackdown.Sometimesthatisevenmoredifficultthangoingup.Figure2:Theclimbertakestheonetotherightthistime.Usingafootholdandplacingherrighthandinacrimp,sheisabletoliftherselfupandlocateotherhandholds.Afteronlyafewmoves,sheisabletothrowherlegoverthetopoftheboulderandpullherselfup.阿百山p阿百山plFieure1TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAccordingtothepassage,boulderi.isanindoorsportB.hasnosafetyprotectionC.needsmapsandequipmentD.isasteepcliffclimbingBoulderingbecomespopularbecause.itchallengesthelimitsB.itcostslessC.itbuildsmindsandbodiesD.itisateamgameAccordingtotheexample,therightroute.A.ashortcutB.adeadendC.toughbuttothetopD.linedwithjugsThepassageislikelytoappearin.A.abookreviewB.asciencereportC.anewspaperadvertisementD.asportsmagazineBThreeFeetFromGoldDarby'sunclewascaughtbythe“goldfeve-rru”shdianyst,haendgwoledntwesttodigandgrowrich.Aftermonthsoflabor,hewasrewardedbythediscoveryoftheshining0矿石F).Heneededmachinerytobringtheoretothesurface.So,withthe“strike”,hereturnedhome.AndwiththehelpofDarby,heborrowedalotofmoney.Afterbuyingthemachineryandhavingitshipped,UncleandDarbywentbacktoworkthemine.Thefirstcaroforewasmined.AndthereturnsprovedtheyhadoneoftherichestminesinColorado!Downwentthedrills!UpwentthehopesofUncleandDarby!Thensomethinghappened!Thevein矿脉)ofgoldoredisappeared!Theydrilledon,butallinvain.Finally,theydecidedtoquitandsoldthemachinerytoajunkmanforafewhundreddollars.Thejunkmancalledinaminingengineertolookatthemineanddoalittlecalculating.Theengineer'scalculationsshowedthattheveinwouldbefoundjustthreefeetfromwheretheDarbyshadstoppeddrilling!Thejunkmantookmillionsofdollarsinthevein,becauseheknewenoughtoseekexpert'sadvicebeforegivingup.MostofthemoneywhichwentintothemachinerywasborrowedthroughtheeffortsofDarby,whowasthenaveryyoungman.Themoneycamefromhisrelativesbecauseoftheirfaithinhim.Hepaidbackeverydollarofit,althoughhewasyearsindoingso.Longafterward,Mr.Darbymadeanotherdiscoverythatdesirecanbechangedintogold.Thisdiscoverycameafterhewentintothebusinessofsellinglifeinsurance.Rememberingthathelostahugefortune,forhestoppedthreefeetfromgold,Darbyprofeitdbytheexperienceinhischosenwork,sayingtohimself,“Istoppedthreefeetfromgold,butIwillneverstopbecausemensay‘no'whenIaskthemtobuyinsurance.”Darbysoldmorethanamilliondollarsinlifeinsuranceannually.Heoweshis“stickability”tothelessonhelearnedfromhis“quitability”inthegoldminingbusiness.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zDarby'sunclewentbackhometo.A.receivehisrewardB.seekfinancialsupportC.lookformorehelpersD.consultanengineerTheDarbysfailedinminingbusinessbecauseof.A.quittingdrillingonB.thedisappearanceoftheveinC.theshortageofthemachineryD.competingagainstthejunkmanFromthepassage,wecanknowDarby.A.wasunabletopayoffthedebtsB.minedhisgoldfromthefailureC.learnedalessonfromsellinginsuranceD.devotedhimselftomakingnewdiscoveriesTheauthorintendstotellusthat.A.hopesanddifficultiesexistsidebysideB.correctdecisionsstemsfromcorrectjudgmentC.weshouldcatchitwhenanopportunitycomesD.wewon'treachourgoalunlesswepersistCScientistssayweareallbornwithaknackformathematics.Everytimewescanthecafeteriaforatablethatwillfitallofourfriends,we'reexercisingtheancientestimationcenterinourbrain.StanislasDehaenewasthefirstresearchertoshowthatthispartofthebrainexists.In1989,hemetMr.Nwhohadsufferedaseriousbraininjury.Mr.Ncouldn'trecognizethenumber5,oradd2and2.Buthestillknewthatthereare“about50minutes”inanhour.Dehaenedrewanimportantconclusionfromhiscase:theremustbetwoseparatemathematicalareasinourbrains.Oneareaisresponsibleforthemathwelearninschool,andtheotherjudgesapproximateamounts.Sowhatdoesthebrain'sestimationcenterdoforus?HarvardUniversityresearcherElizabethSpelkehasspentalotoftimeposingmathproblemstopreschoolers.Whenheasks5-year-oldstosolveaproblemlike21+30,theycan'tdoit.Buthehasalsoaskedthemquestionssuchas,“Sarahhas21candlesandgets30more.Johnhas34candles.Whohasmorecandles?”Itturnsoutpreschoolersaregreatatsolvingquestionslikethat.Beforethey'velearnedhowtodomathwithnumeralsandsymbols,theirbrains'approximationcentersarealreadyhardatwork.Afterwelearnsymbolicmath,dowestillhaveanyuseforourinbornmathsense?JustinHalberdaatJohnsHopkinsUniversitygaveusananswerinhisstudy.Hechallengedagroupof14-year-oldswithanapproximationtest:Thekidsstaredatacomputerscreenandsawgroupsofyellowandbluedotsflashby,tooquicklytocount.Thentheyhadtosaywhethertherehadbeenmorebluedotsoryellowdots.Theresearchersfoundthatmostwereabletoanswercorrectlywhentherewere25yellowdotsand10blueones.Whenthegroupswerecloserinsize,11yellowdotsand10blueones,fewerkidsansweredcorrectly.Thebigsurpriseinthisstudycamewhentheresearchercomparedthekids'approximationtestscorestotheirscoresonstandardizedmathtests.Hefoundthatkidswhodidbetterontheflashingdottesthadbetterstandardizedtestscores,andviceversa反之亦然）.Itseemsthat,farfrombeingirrelevant,yourmathsensemightpredictyourabilityatformalmath.Fromthefirsttwostudies,wecanlearnthatestimationcenter.isdividedintotwoseparatemathematicalareascanhelpfigureoutnumeralsandsymbolsproblemsfunctionsindependentlyinbothkids'andadults'brainsD.worksbetterwhensymbolicpartsareinjuredorundergrownWhatmostsurprisedJustininthestudyof14-year-olds?Thevarietyofmathabilitiesindifferentstudents.Thelinkbetweentechnologyskillsandestimationskills.Thedifficultyofthetaskasthenumberofdotsincreased.Theconnectionbetweenestimationskillsandformalmathability.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BornwithaSenseofMath.B.GobeyondWhatYouCanLearn.C.SymbolicMathandEstimationMath.D.OurBrain一aBornMathematician.DThatrobots,automation,andsoftwarecanreplacepeoplemightseemobvioustoanyonewho\sworkedinautomotivemanufacturing.ButMITbusinessscholarsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfee'sclaimismoretroublingandcontroversial.Theybelievethatrapidtechnologicalchangehasbeendestroyingjobsfasterthanitiscreatingthem.Theybelievethattechnologyincreasesproductivityandmakessocietieswealthier,butitbecamecleartothemthatthesametechnologiesmakingmanyjobssafer,easier,andmoreproductivewerealsoreducingthedemandformanytypesofhumanworkers.TechnologiesliketheWeb,artificialintelligence,andbigdataareautomatingmanyroutinetasks.Countlesstraditionalwhite-collarjobs,suchasmanyinthepostofficeandincustomerservice,havedisappeared.Asevidence,BrynjolfssonandMcAfeepointtoachartonwhichseparatelinesrepresentproductivityandtotalemploymentintheUnitedStates.ForyearsafterWorldWarII,thetwolinescloselytrackedeachother,withincreasesinjobscorrespondingtoincreasesinproductivity.Then,beginningin2000,thelinesdiverge;productivitycontinuestorisesteadily,butemploymentsuddenlyshrinks.By2011,asignificantgapappearsbetweenthetwolines,showingeconomicgrowthwithnoparallelincreaseinjobcreation.UnitedSlatesProductivityandEmploymentButarethesenewtechnologiesreallyresponsibleforadecadeoflacklu无生气jobgrowth?DavidAutor,aneconomistatMITwhohasstudiedtheconnectionsbetweenjobsandtechnology,doubtsthattechnologycouldaccountforsuchasuddenchangeintotalemployment.Moreover,healsodoubtsthatproductivityhas,infact,risensteadilyintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecade.Ifhe'sright,itraisesthepossibilitythatpoorjobgrowthcouldbesimplyaresultofadepressedeconomy.Thesuddenslowdowninjobcreation“isabigpuzzle,”hesays,“butthere'snotalotofevidencethatit'slinkedtocomputers.”“Tobesure,computertechnologiesarechangingthetypesofjobsavailable,butthatisvreydifferentfromsayingtechnologyisaffectingthetotalnumberofjobs,”headds.“Jobscanchangealotwithouttherebeinghugechangesinemploymentrates.”LawrenceKatz,aHarvardeconomist,saysthatwhiletechnologicalchangescanbepainfulforworkerswhoseskillsnolongermatchtheneedsofemployers,nohistoricalpatternshowstheseshiftsleadingtoanetdecreaseinjobsoveranextendedperiod.Still,Katzdoesn'tdismissthenotionthatthereissomethingdifferentabouttoday'sdigitaltechnologies.Thoughheexpectsthehistoricalpatterntohold,itis“genuinelyaquestion,”hesays.“Iftechnologydisruptsenouhg,whoknowswhatwillhappen?”WhichperiodonthechartrsotnglysupportsMcAfee'sclaim?A.1947—1967.B.1985—1987.C.1997—2000.D.2011—2013.AccordingtoDavidAutor,thechangeinjobgrowth.A.isnotnecessarilycausedbytechnologyB.resultsfromaweakeningeconomyC.hasnoconnectionwithproductivityD.affectsthecurrenttypesofjobsWhatisLawrenceKazt'sattitudetowardsthetopic?A.Optimistic.B.Defensive.C.Objective.D.Disapproving.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.showtherelationbetweenproductivityandjobcreationdiscusstheeffectoftechnologicaladvancesonemploymentargueagainstthewideuseofartificialintelligenceexplaintheimpactoftechnologiesonproductivity第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AWonderPlantEveryrainyseason,themountaingorilla大（猩猩）ofCentralAfricamigratetothefoothillsandlowerpartsoftheVirungaMountainstofeedonbamboo.Forthe650orsothatremaininthewild,it'savitalfoodsource.51Gorillasaren'ttheonlylocalskeenonbamboo.Forthepeoplenearthemountains,it'savaluablerawmaterialusedforbuildinghousesandmakinghouseholditems.Butinthepast100years,resourceshavecomeunderincreasingpressureaspopulationshaveexplodedandlargeareasofbambooforesthavebeenclearedtomakewayforfarms.52Allovertheworld,therangesofmanybamboospeciesappeartobereducing,endangeringthepeopleandanimalsthatdependuponthem.AreportpublishedbytheUNEnvironmentProgrammehasrevealedjusthowprofoundourignoranceofglobalbambooresourcesis.Bambooisawonderplant.Itsecologicalroleextendsbeyondprovidingfoodandhabitatforanimals.Bambootendstogrowinstandsmadeupofgroupsofindividualplantsthatgrowfromrootsystems.Itsextensiverootsystemsarecrucialinpreventingwaterlossandsoilerosion53InIndia25%ofpaperproducedismadefrombamboofiber,andinBrazil,100,000hectaresofbambooaregrownforitsproduction.Becauseofitsflexibilityandstrength,ithastraditionallybeenusedinconstruction.Bambooisoftentheonlyreadilyavailablerawmaterialforpeopleinmanydevelopingcountries.54RayTownsend,vicepresidentoftheBritishBambooSociety,says,“Someplantsarethreatenedbecausetheycan'tsurviveinthehabitat—theyaren'tstrongenoughortherearen'tenoughofthem,perhaps.Butbamboocantakecareofitself-itisstrongenoughtosurviveifleftalone.”Whenforestgoes,itistransformedintosomethingelse:thereisn'tanywhereforforestplantssuchasbambootogrowifyoucreateacattlegrassland.Sadly,thisisn'tasinglestory.Itisthephysicaldisturbancethatisthethreattobamboo.Untilnow,bamboohasbeenviewedasasecond-classplant.Withoutit,theirchancesofsurvivalwouldbereducedsignificantly.Besides,bamboo'smostimmediatesignificanceliesinitseconomicvalue.F.Morethanabillionpeoplerelyonbambooforeithertheirshelterorincome.G.Despitebamboo'svalueineconomyandecology,itssituationisallthemoreworrying.第三部分书面表达（共两节35分）第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李平你的英国笔友Chris即将高中毕业，他在邮件中和你探讨上大学的问题。请你给Chris回复邮件，告诉他你的想法，内容包括：1.上大学的重要性；2.选择大学考虑的因素。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearChris,Yours,LiHua第二节情景作文（20分）假设你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华。请你根据以下四幅图的先后顺序给，21世纪英文报写一封稿件介绍上周你班同学参观北京市规划展览馆BeijingPlanningExhibitionHall的全过程。注意：同数不少于60；提示如：沙盘urbanplanningmodel讲解员docent北京市丰台区2018届高三5月综合测试（二模）英语试题答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）1-5BABBD6-10CCDAD11-15BBACA第二节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，共30分）16-20BDABD21-25CACDB26-30ADBBA31-35CBACC第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）36-40BCCDB41-45ABDCD46-50ADACB第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）51-55DAEGB第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节作文（15分）PossibleversionsDearChris,Hownicetohearfromyouagain.Asyousaid,c